Cetbang, the Glossary
Cetbang (originally known as bedil, also known as warastra or meriam coak) were cannons produced and used by the Majapahit Empire (1293–1527) and other kingdoms in the Indonesian archipelago.[1]
Table of Contents
109 relations: Aboriginal Australians, Afonso de Albuquerque, Apilan and kota mara, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Bali Museum, Balinese language, Batak languages, Battle of Bubat, Bazooka, Bedil (term), Bedil tombak, Beruas Museum, Betawi language, Bikol languages, Bisayan languages, Bo-hiya, Bombard (weapon), Breech-loading swivel gun, Buginese language, Canister shot, Cannon, Capture of Malacca (1511), Central Maluku Regency, Chinese dragon, Chongtong, Culverin, Dayak people, Denpasar, Duarte Barbosa, Dutch people, Falconet (cannon), Firearm, Fort Somba Opu, Gajah Mada, Gaspar Correia, Grapeshot, Greek fire, Hand cannon, Hikayat Hang Tuah, History of cannons, History of gunpowder, History of Yuan, Hu dun pao, Huochong, Iron, Jakarta History Museum, James Cook, Java, Java arquebus, Javanese language, ... Expand index (59 more) »
- 14th-century military history
- 15th-century military history
- Weapons of Java
- Weapons of Malaysia
- Weapons of the Philippines
Aboriginal Australians
Aboriginal Australians are the various Indigenous peoples of the Australian mainland and many of its islands, excluding the ethnically distinct people of the Torres Strait Islands.
See Cetbang and Aboriginal Australians
Afonso de Albuquerque
Afonso de Albuquerque, 1st Duke of Goa (– 16 December 1515), was a Portuguese general, admiral, and statesman.
See Cetbang and Afonso de Albuquerque
Apilan and kota mara
Apilan and kota mara are two Malay nautical terms which refers to the structure on a vessel where the cannon is installed. Cetbang and Apilan and kota mara are naval artillery.
See Cetbang and Apilan and kota mara
Australian Broadcasting Corporation
The Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), is the national broadcaster of Australia.
See Cetbang and Australian Broadcasting Corporation
Bali Museum
The Bali Museum is a museum of art and history located in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia.
Balinese language
Balinese is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken on the Indonesian island of Bali, as well as Northern Nusa Penida, Western Lombok, Eastern Java, Southern Sumatra, and Sulawesi.
See Cetbang and Balinese language
Batak languages
The Batak languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages spoken by the Batak people in the Indonesian province of North Sumatra and surrounding areas.
See Cetbang and Batak languages
Battle of Bubat
The Battle of Bubat also known as Pasunda Bubat is the battle between the Sundanese royal family and the Majapahit army that took place in Bubat Square on the northern part of Trowulan (Majapahit capital city) in 1279 Saka or 1357 CE.
See Cetbang and Battle of Bubat
Bazooka
The Bazooka is a man-portable recoilless anti-tank rocket launcher weapon, widely deployed by the United States Army, especially during World War II.
Bedil (term)
Bedil is a term from Maritime Southeast Asia which refers to various types of firearms and gunpowder weapons, from small pistols to large siege guns. Cetbang and Bedil (term) are 15th-century military history, cannon, Indonesian inventions and weapons of Indonesia.
Bedil tombak
Bedil tombak or bedil tumbak is a type of early firearm from the Indonesian archipelago. Cetbang and bedil tombak are 15th-century military history, cannon, Indonesian inventions and weapons of Java.
Beruas Museum
The Beruas Museum (Muzium Beruas) is a museum in Beruas, Manjung District, Perak, Malaysia.
Betawi language
Betawi, also known as Betawi Malay, Jakartan Malay, or Batavian Malay, is the spoken language of the Betawi people in Jakarta, Indonesia.
See Cetbang and Betawi language
Bikol languages
The Bikol languages or Bicolano languages are a group of Central Philippine languages spoken mostly in the Bicol Peninsula in the southeastern part of Luzon, the neighboring island-province of Catanduanes, and the island of Burias in Masbate.
See Cetbang and Bikol languages
Bisayan languages
The Bisayan languages or Visayan languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages spoken in the Philippines.
See Cetbang and Bisayan languages
Bo-hiya
A was an early Japanese rocket launcher and development of the fire arrow.
Bombard (weapon)
The bombard is a type of cannon or mortar which was used throughout the Late Middle Ages and the early modern period.
See Cetbang and Bombard (weapon)
Breech-loading swivel gun
A breech-loading swivel gun was a particular type of swivel gun and a small breech-loading cannon invented in the 14th century.
See Cetbang and Breech-loading swivel gun
Buginese language
Buginese or Bugis (Buginese) is a language spoken by about 4 million people mainly in the southern part of Sulawesi, Indonesia.
See Cetbang and Buginese language
Canister shot
Canister shot is a kind of anti-personnel artillery ammunition.
Cannon
A cannon is a large-caliber gun classified as a type of artillery, which usually launches a projectile using explosive chemical propellant.
Capture of Malacca (1511)
The Capture of Malacca in 1511 occurred when the governor of Portuguese India Afonso de Albuquerque conquered the city of Malacca in 1511.
See Cetbang and Capture of Malacca (1511)
Central Maluku Regency
Central Maluku Regency (Kabupaten Maluku Tengah) is a regency of Maluku Province of Indonesia.
See Cetbang and Central Maluku Regency
Chinese dragon
The Chinese Dragon is a legendary creature in Chinese mythology, Chinese folklore, and Chinese culture at large.
See Cetbang and Chinese dragon
Chongtong
The Chongtong was a term for military firearms of Goryeo and Joseon dynasty. Cetbang and Chongtong are cannon.
Culverin
A culverin was initially an ancestor of the hand-held arquebus, but the term was later used to describe a type of medieval and Renaissance cannon. Cetbang and culverin are cannon.
Dayak people
The Dayak (older spelling: Dajak) or Dyak or Dayuh are one of the native groups of Borneo.
Denpasar
Denpasar (Balinese: ᬤᬾᬦ᭄ᬧᬲᬃ Roman: Dénpasar) is the capital city of the province of Bali, Indonesia.
Duarte Barbosa
Duarte Barbosa (c. 14801 May 1521) was a Portuguese writer and officer from Portuguese India (between 1500 and 1516).
See Cetbang and Duarte Barbosa
Dutch people
The Dutch (Dutch) are an ethnic group native to the Netherlands.
Falconet (cannon)
The falconet was a light cannon developed in the late 15th century that fired a smaller shot than the similar falcon. Cetbang and falconet (cannon) are cannon and naval artillery.
See Cetbang and Falconet (cannon)
Firearm
A firearm is any type of gun that uses an explosive charge and is designed to be readily carried and used by an individual.
Fort Somba Opu
Fort Somba Opu (Makassarese Baruga Somba Opu, Indonesian Benteng Somba Opu) was a fortified commercial center of the Gowa Sultanate.
See Cetbang and Fort Somba Opu
Gajah Mada
Gajah Mada (c. 1290 – c. 1364), also known as Jirnnodhara, was a powerful military leader and mahapatih (the approximate equivalent of a modern prime minister) of the Javanese empire of Majapahit during the 14th century.
Gaspar Correia
Gaspar Correia (1492 – c. 1563 in Goa) was a Portuguese historian considered a Portuguese Polybius.
See Cetbang and Gaspar Correia
Grapeshot
In artillery, a grapeshot is a type of ammunition that consists of a collection of smaller-caliber round shots packed tightly in a canvas bag and separated from the gunpowder charge by a metal wadding, rather than being a single solid projectile.
Greek fire
Greek fire was an incendiary chemical weapon manufactured in and used by the Eastern Roman Empire from the seventh through the fourteenth centuries.
Hand cannon
The hand cannon, also known as the gonne or handgonne, is the first true firearm and the successor of the fire lance. Cetbang and hand cannon are cannon.
Hikayat Hang Tuah
Hikayat Hang Tuah (Jawi: حکاية هڠ تواه) is a Malay work of literature that tells the tale of the legendary Malay warrior, Hang Tuah and his four warrior friends - Hang Jebat, Hang Kasturi, Hang Lekir and Hang Lekiu – who lived during the height of the Sultanate of Malacca in the 15th century.
See Cetbang and Hikayat Hang Tuah
History of cannons
The history of cannons spans several hundred years from the 12th century to modern times. Cetbang and history of cannons are cannon.
See Cetbang and History of cannons
History of gunpowder
Gunpowder is the first explosive to have been developed.
See Cetbang and History of gunpowder
History of Yuan
The History of Yuan, also known as the Yuanshi, is one of the official Chinese historical works known as the Twenty-Four Histories of China.
See Cetbang and History of Yuan
Hu dun pao
Hu dun pao (虎蹲砲) is the name of two different missile weapons in Chinese history. Cetbang and hu dun pao are cannon.
Huochong
Huochong was the Chinese name for hand cannons.
Iron
Iron is a chemical element.
See Cetbang and Iron
Jakarta History Museum
The Jakarta History Museum (Museum Sejarah Jakarta), also known as Fatahillah Museum or Batavia Museum, is located in the Old Town (known as Kota Tua) of Jakarta, Indonesia.
See Cetbang and Jakarta History Museum
James Cook
Captain James Cook (– 14 February 1779) was a British explorer, cartographer and naval officer famous for his three voyages between 1768 and 1779 in the Pacific Ocean and to New Zealand and Australia in particular.
Java
Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia.
See Cetbang and Java
Java arquebus
Java arquebus (Indonesian and Malaysian: Bedil Jawa) refers to long-barreled early firearm from the Nusantara archipelago, dating back to the early 16th century. Cetbang and Java arquebus are 15th-century military history, Indonesian inventions, weapons of Indonesia and weapons of Java.
Javanese language
Javanese (basa Jawa, Javanese script: ꦧꦱꦗꦮ, Pegon: باسا جاوا, IPA) is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken by the Javanese people from the central and eastern parts of the island of Java, Indonesia. Cetbang and Javanese language are Javanese culture.
See Cetbang and Javanese language
Javanese people
The Javanese (Orang Jawa; ꦮꦺꦴꦁꦗꦮ, Wong Jawa; ꦠꦶꦪꦁꦗꦮꦶ, Tiyang Jawi) are an Austronesian ethnic group native to the central and eastern part of the Indonesian island of Java.
See Cetbang and Javanese people
João de Barros
João de Barros (1496 – 20 October 1570), nicknamed the "Portuguese Livy", is one of the first great Portuguese historians, most famous for his Décadas da Ásia (Decades of Asia), a history of the Portuguese in India, Asia, and southeast Africa.
See Cetbang and João de Barros
Kidung Sunda
Kidung Sunda is a Middle-Javanese kidung of probable Balinese provenance.
Kozhikode
Kozhikode, also known in English as Calicut, is a city along the Malabar Coast in the state of Kerala in India.
Kublai Khan
Kublai Khan (23 September 1215 – 18 February 1294), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Shizu of Yuan and his regnal name Setsen Khan, was the founder and first emperor of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty of China.
Lancaran (ship)
A lancaran or lanchara is a type of sailing ship used in Maritime Southeast Asia. Cetbang and lancaran (ship) are Indonesian inventions.
See Cetbang and Lancaran (ship)
Lantaka
The Lantaka (Baybayin: pre virama: ᜎᜆᜃ: post virama: ᜎᜈ᜔ᜆᜃ) also known as rentaka (in Malay, jawi script: رنتاک) was a type of bronze portable cannon or swivel gun, sometimes mounted on merchant vessels and warships in Maritime Southeast Asia. Cetbang and Lantaka are cannon, culture of Indonesia, culture of Malaysia, Indonesian inventions, Javanese culture, naval artillery, weapons of Indonesia, weapons of Malaysia and weapons of the Philippines.
Lela (cannon)
Lela or lila is a type of Malay cannon, used widely in the Nusantara archipelago. Cetbang and Lela (cannon) are 15th-century military history, cannon, culture of Indonesia, culture of Malaysia, Indonesian inventions, naval artillery, weapons of Indonesia, weapons of Java, weapons of Malaysia and weapons of the Philippines.
List of siege artillery
Siege artillery (also siege guns or siege cannons) are heavy guns designed to bombard fortifications, cities, and other fixed targets.
See Cetbang and List of siege artillery
Ma Huan
Ma Huan (Xiao'erjing: ﻣَﺎ ﺧُﻮًا.) (1380–1460), courtesy name Zongdao, pen name Mountain-woodcutter (會稽山樵), was a Chinese explorer, translator, and travel writer who accompanied Admiral Zheng He on three of his seven expeditions to the Western Oceans.
Macau
Macau or Macao is a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China.
Majalengka
Majalengka (ᮙᮏᮜᮦᮀᮊ) is a town and district in West Java, Indonesia.
Majapahit
Majapahit (ꦩꦗꦥꦲꦶꦠ꧀), also known as Wilwatikta (ꦮꦶꦭ꧀ꦮꦠꦶꦏ꧀ꦠ), was a Javanese Hindu-Buddhist thalassocratic empire in Southeast Asia that was based on the island of Java (in modern-day Indonesia).
Makassar people
The Makassar or Makassarese people are an ethnic group that inhabits the southern part of the South Peninsula, Sulawesi (formerly Celebes) in Indonesia.
See Cetbang and Makassar people
Makassarese language
Makassarese (basa Mangkasara or basa Mangkasarak), sometimes called Makasar, Makassar, or Macassar, is a language of the Makassarese people, spoken in South Sulawesi province of Indonesia.
See Cetbang and Makassarese language
Malacca Sultanate
The Malacca Sultanate (Kesultanan Melaka; Jawi script: کسلطانن ملاک) was a Malay sultanate based in the modern-day state of Malacca, Malaysia.
See Cetbang and Malacca Sultanate
Malay Annals
The Malay Annals (Malay: Sejarah Melayu, Jawi), originally titled Sulalatus Salatin (Genealogy of Kings), is a literary work that gives a romanticised history of the origin, evolution and destruction of the Malacca Sultanate.
Malay language
Malay (Bahasa Melayu, Jawi: بهاس ملايو) is an Austronesian language that is an official language of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore, and that is also spoken in East Timor and parts of Thailand.
See Cetbang and Malay language
Manuel de Faria e Sousa
Manuel de Faria e Sousa (Faria y Sousa; 18 March 1590 – 3 June 1649) was a Portuguese historian and poet who frequently wrote in Spanish.
See Cetbang and Manuel de Faria e Sousa
Metropolitan Museum of Art
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, colloquially referred to as the Met, is an encyclopedic art museum in New York City.
See Cetbang and Metropolitan Museum of Art
Mongol invasion of Java
The Yuan dynasty under Kublai Khan attempted in 1293 to invade Java, an island in modern Indonesia, with 20,000 to 30,000 soldiers.
See Cetbang and Mongol invasion of Java
Moro people
The Moro people or Bangsamoro people are the 13 Muslim-majority ethnolinguistic Austronesian groups of Mindanao, Sulu, and Palawan, native to the region known as the Bangsamoro (lit. Moro nation or Moro country).
Nail (fastener)
In woodworking and construction, a nail is a small object made of metal (or wood, called a tree nail or "trunnel") which is used as a fastener, as a peg to hang something, or sometimes as a decoration.
See Cetbang and Nail (fastener)
National Museum of Anthropology (Manila)
The National Museum of Anthropology (Pambansang Museo ng Antropolohiya), formerly known as the Museum of the Filipino People (Museo ng Lahing Filipino), is a component museum of the National Museum of the Philippines which houses Ethnological and Archaeological exhibitions.
See Cetbang and National Museum of Anthropology (Manila)
Netherlands
The Netherlands, informally Holland, is a country located in Northwestern Europe with overseas territories in the Caribbean.
Northern Territory
The Northern Territory (abbreviated as NT; known formally as the Northern Territory of Australia and informally as the Territory) is an Australian internal territory in the central and central northern regions of Australia.
See Cetbang and Northern Territory
Nusantara (term)
Nusantara is the Indonesian name of Maritime Southeast Asia (or parts of it).
See Cetbang and Nusantara (term)
Old Javanese
Old Javanese or Kawi is the oldest attested phase of the Javanese language. Cetbang and old Javanese are Javanese culture.
Ottoman dynasty
The Ottoman dynasty (Osmanlı Hanedanı) consisted of the members of the imperial House of Osman (Ḫānedān-ı Āl-i ʿOsmān), also known as the Ottomans (Osmanlılar).
See Cetbang and Ottoman dynasty
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.
See Cetbang and Ottoman Empire
Penjajap
Penjajap, also pangajava and pangayaw, were native galley-like warships used by several Austronesian ethnic groups in maritime Southeast Asia. Cetbang and Penjajap are Indonesian inventions.
Perak
Perak (Perak Malay: Peghok; Jawi) is a state of Malaysia on the west coast of the Malay Peninsula.
Philippines
The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia.
Portuguese Empire
The Portuguese Empire (Império Português), also known as the Portuguese Overseas or the Portuguese Colonial Empire, was composed of the overseas colonies, factories, and later overseas territories, governed by the Kingdom of Portugal, and later the Republic of Portugal.
See Cetbang and Portuguese Empire
Portuguese Malacca
Portuguese control of Malacca –a city on the Malay Peninsula– spanned a 130 year period from 1511 to 1641 as a possession of the Portuguese East Indies.
See Cetbang and Portuguese Malacca
Portuguese people
The Portuguese people (– masculine – or Portuguesas) are a Romance-speaking ethnic group and nation indigenous to Portugal, a country in the west of the Iberian Peninsula in the south-west of Europe, who share a common culture, ancestry and language.
See Cetbang and Portuguese people
Potassium nitrate
Potassium nitrate is a chemical compound with a sharp, salty, bitter taste and the chemical formula.
See Cetbang and Potassium nitrate
Prangi
The prangi, paranki, piranki, pirangi, farangi, firingi, or firingiha was a type of cannon produced by the Ottoman Empire. Cetbang and prangi are cannon and naval artillery.
Rijksmuseum
The Rijksmuseum is the national museum of the Netherlands dedicated to Dutch arts and history and is located in Amsterdam.
Saker (cannon)
The saker was a medium cannon, slightly smaller than a culverin, developed during the early 16th century and often used by the English. Cetbang and saker (cannon) are cannon and naval artillery.
See Cetbang and Saker (cannon)
Selayar Islands Regency
The Selayar Islands Regency is a regency of Indonesia in South Sulawesi province that covers the Selayar Islands, which lie southeast of the southern peninsula of Sulawesi.
See Cetbang and Selayar Islands Regency
Shaka era
The Shaka era (IAST: Śaka, Śāka) is a historical Hindu calendar era (year numbering), the epoch (its year zero) of which corresponds to Julian year 78.
South Sulawesi
South Sulawesi (Sulawesi Selatan) is a province in the southern peninsula of Sulawesi, Indonesia.
See Cetbang and South Sulawesi
South Sumatra
South Sumatra (Sumatera Selatan) is a province of Indonesia, located in the southeast of the island of Sumatra.
Spaniards
Spaniards, or Spanish people, are a people native to Spain.
Stamford Raffles
Sir Thomas Stamford Bingley Raffles (5July 17815July 1826) was a British colonial official who served as the governor of the Dutch East Indies between 1811 and 1816 and lieutenant-governor of Bencoolen between 1818 and 1824.
See Cetbang and Stamford Raffles
Sunda Kingdom
The Sunda Kingdom (ᮊ| |Karajaan Sunda) was a Sundanese Hindu kingdom located in the western portion of the island of Java from 669 to around 1579, covering the area of present-day Banten, Jakarta, West Java, and the western part of Central Java.
Swivel gun
A swivel gun (or simply swivel) is a small cannon mounted on a swiveling stand or fork which allows a very wide arc of movement. Cetbang and swivel gun are cannon and naval artillery.
Tagalog language
Tagalog (Baybayin) is an Austronesian language spoken as a first language by the ethnic Tagalog people, who make up a quarter of the population of the Philippines, and as a second language by the majority.
See Cetbang and Tagalog language
Tamil language
Tamil (தமிழ்) is a Dravidian language natively spoken by the Tamil people of South Asia.
See Cetbang and Tamil language
The History of Java
The History of Java is a book written by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles and published in 1817.
See Cetbang and The History of Java
Timeline of the gunpowder age
This is a timeline of the history of gunpowder and related topics such as weapons, warfare, and industrial applications.
See Cetbang and Timeline of the gunpowder age
Trebuchet
A trebuchet (trébuchet) is a type of catapult that uses a rotating arm with a sling attached to the tip to launch a projectile.
Trepanging
Trepanging is the act of collection or harvesting of sea cucumbers, known in Indonesian as trepang, Malay těripang, and used as food.
West Java
West Java (Jawa Barat, ᮏᮝ ᮊᮥᮜᮧᮔ᮪|Jawa Kulon) is an Indonesian province on the western part of the island of Java, with its provincial capital in Bandung.
West Kalimantan
West Kalimantan (Kalimantan Barat) is a province of Indonesia.
See Cetbang and West Kalimantan
Yingya Shenglan
The Yingya Shenglan, written by Ma Huan and published in 1451, is a book about the countries visited by the Chinese over the course of the Ming treasure voyages led by Zheng He.
See Cetbang and Yingya Shenglan
Yuan dynasty
The Yuan dynasty, officially the Great Yuan (Mongolian:, Yeke Yuwan Ulus, literally "Great Yuan State"), was a Mongol-led imperial dynasty of China and a successor state to the Mongol Empire after its ''de facto'' division.
Zheng He
Zheng He (also romanized Cheng Ho; 1371–1433/1435) was a Chinese fleet admiral, explorer, diplomat, and bureaucrat during the early Ming dynasty (1368–1644).
See also
14th-century military history
- Cetbang
15th-century military history
Weapons of Java
- Bedil tombak
- Cetbang
- Ekor lotong
- Indan (weapon)
- Istinggar
- Java arquebus
- Karambit
- Ki Amuk
- Kris
- Lela (cannon)
- Luwuk (sword)
- Si Jagur
- Wedung
Weapons of Malaysia
- Buko (cleaver)
- Cetbang
- Golok
- Golok rembau
- Istinggar
- Jimpul
- Kelantanese klewang
- Keris bahari
- Klewang
- Kliau
- Ladieng
- Langgai Tinggang
- Lantaka
- Lela (cannon)
- Mandau (knife)
- Niabor
- Pakayun
- Pandat
- Parang (knife)
- Parang Bongkok
- Parang Ginah
- Parang chandong
- Parang latok
- Pisau raut
- Sumpit
- Tangkin
- Tekpi
- Tolor (quiver)
- Tumbok lada
- Weapons of pencak silat
Weapons of the Philippines
- Bangkung
- Banyal
- Batangas (sword)
- Bicuco
- Cetbang
- Dahong palay
- Golok
- Guna (knife)
- Head axe
- Istinggar
- Kalasag
- Kampilan
- Lantaka
- Lela (cannon)
- List of Filipino weaponry
- List of weapons of the Philippine Revolution
- Paltik
- Panabas
- Parang (knife)
- Sumpit
- Taming (shield)
- Weapons of Moroland
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cetbang
, Javanese people, João de Barros, Kidung Sunda, Kozhikode, Kublai Khan, Lancaran (ship), Lantaka, Lela (cannon), List of siege artillery, Ma Huan, Macau, Majalengka, Majapahit, Makassar people, Makassarese language, Malacca Sultanate, Malay Annals, Malay language, Manuel de Faria e Sousa, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Mongol invasion of Java, Moro people, Nail (fastener), National Museum of Anthropology (Manila), Netherlands, Northern Territory, Nusantara (term), Old Javanese, Ottoman dynasty, Ottoman Empire, Penjajap, Perak, Philippines, Portuguese Empire, Portuguese Malacca, Portuguese people, Potassium nitrate, Prangi, Rijksmuseum, Saker (cannon), Selayar Islands Regency, Shaka era, South Sulawesi, South Sumatra, Spaniards, Stamford Raffles, Sunda Kingdom, Swivel gun, Tagalog language, Tamil language, The History of Java, Timeline of the gunpowder age, Trebuchet, Trepanging, West Java, West Kalimantan, Yingya Shenglan, Yuan dynasty, Zheng He.