Chełm, the Glossary
Chełm (Kholm; Cholm; Khelm) is a city in southeastern Poland with 60,231 inhabitants as of December 2021.[1]
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164 relations: Aaron Zeitlin, Aktion T4, Aliyah, Allen Mandelbaum, American Jews, Ania (singer), Apostolic visitor, Austria-Hungary, Austro-Polish War, AZS Chełm, Baroque in Poland, Basilica of the Birth of the Virgin Mary, Chełm, Basket Liga Kobiet, Battle of Chełm, Belz, Belzec extermination camp, Biała Podlaska, Bolesław I's intervention in the Kievan succession crisis, Branch line, Buzhans, Byzantine Rite, Casimir III the Great, Catholic Church, Central European Summer Time, Central European Time, Chełm Chalk Tunnels, Chełm Land, Chełm Voivodeship, Chełmianka Chełm, Cherven Cities, Congress of Vienna, Conversion of Chełm Eparchy, Daniel of Galicia, Deluge (history), Diocese, Duchy of Belz, Duchy of Warsaw, Eastern Catholic Churches, Eastern Orthodoxy, Edward Ihnatowicz, Elijah Ba'al Shem of Chełm, Eparchy, Eparchy of Chełm–Belz (Ruthenian Uniate Church), Forced labour under German rule during World War II, Franz Moritz von Lacy, French prisoners of war in World War II, Galicia–Volhynia Wars, Garrison, General Jewish Labour Bund in Poland, German AB-Aktion in Poland, ... Expand index (114 more) »
- Cities with powiat rights
- Massacres of Poles in Volhynia
Aaron Zeitlin
Aaron Zeitlin (3 June 1898 – 28 September 1973) was a Jewish American educator and writer.
Aktion T4
Aktion T4 (German) was a campaign of mass murder by involuntary euthanasia in Nazi Germany.
Aliyah
Aliyah (עֲלִיָּה ʿălīyyā) is the immigration of Jews from the diaspora to, historically, the geographical Land of Israel or the Palestine region, which is today chiefly represented by the State of Israel.
See Chełm and Aliyah
Allen Mandelbaum
Allen Mandelbaum (May 4, 1926 – October 27, 2011) was an American professor of literature and the humanities, poet, and translator from Classical Greek, Latin and Italian.
See Chełm and Allen Mandelbaum
American Jews
American Jews or Jewish Americans are American citizens who are Jewish, whether by culture, ethnicity, or religion.
Ania (singer)
Anna Monika "Ania" Dąbrowska (born 7 January 1981), usually referred to as Ania, is a Polish singer, songwriter, and composer performing pop music.
Apostolic visitor
In the Catholic Church, an apostolic visitor (or Apostolic Visitator; Italian: Visitatore apostolico) is a papal representative with a transient mission to perform a canonical visitation of relatively short duration.
See Chełm and Apostolic visitor
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918.
Austro-Polish War
The Austro-Polish War or Polish-Austrian War was a part of the War of the Fifth Coalition in 1809 (a coalition of the Austrian Empire and the United Kingdom against Napoleon's French Empire and allied states).
See Chełm and Austro-Polish War
AZS Chełm
Meblotap AZS Chełm was a Polish women's basketball team based in Chełm that played in the Sharp Torell Basket Liga.
Baroque in Poland
The Polish Baroque lasted from the early 17th to the mid-18th century.
See Chełm and Baroque in Poland
Basilica of the Birth of the Virgin Mary, Chełm
The Basilica of the Birth of the Virgin Mary (Bazylika Narodzenia Najświętszej Maryi Panny, Собор Різдва Пресвятої Богородиці) is a church and monastery complex of the Roman Catholic Church located in the Polish city of Chełm.
See Chełm and Basilica of the Birth of the Virgin Mary, Chełm
Basket Liga Kobiet
Basket Liga Kobiet (BLK), currently known for sponsorship reasons as Orlen Basket Liga Kobiet (OBLK; 2001–2013 Polska Liga Koszykówki Kobiet, PLKK) is a professional women's club basketball league in Poland.
See Chełm and Basket Liga Kobiet
Battle of Chełm
The Battle of Chełm was fought on 8 June 1794 between Poland and the combined forces of the Russian Empire and Prussia.
Belz
Belz (Белз; Bełz; בעלז) is a small city in Lviv Oblast, western Ukraine, located near the border with Poland between the Solokiya river (a tributary of the Bug River) and the Richytsia stream.
See Chełm and Belz
Belzec extermination camp
Belzec (English: or, Polish) was a Nazi German extermination camp in occupied Poland.
See Chełm and Belzec extermination camp
Biała Podlaska
Biała Podlaska (Alba Ducalis) is a city in eastern Poland with 56,498 inhabitants It is situated in the Lublin Voivodeship (since 1999), having previously been the capital of Biała Podlaska Voivodeship (1975–1998). Chełm and Biała Podlaska are cities and towns in Lublin Voivodeship, cities with powiat rights, city counties of Poland, Holocaust locations in Poland, Kholm Governorate and Lublin Voivodeship (1919–1939).
Bolesław I's intervention in the Kievan succession crisis
The intervention in the Kievan succession crisis of 1015–1019 by the Polish ruler Bolesław I the Brave was an episode in the struggle between Sviatopolk I ("the Accursed") and his brother Yaroslav ("the Wise") for the grand princely title of Kiev.
See Chełm and Bolesław I's intervention in the Kievan succession crisis
Branch line
A branch line is a secondary railway line which branches off a more important through route, usually a main line.
Buzhans
The Buzhans were a tribal union of Early Slavs, which supposedly formed the East Slavs in southern Russia and the Volga region.
Byzantine Rite
The Byzantine Rite, also known as the Greek Rite or the Rite of Constantinople, is a liturgical rite that is identified with the wide range of cultural, devotional, and canonical practices that developed in the Eastern Christian church of Constantinople.
Casimir III the Great
Casimir III the Great (Kazimierz III Wielki; 30 April 1310 – 5 November 1370) reigned as the King of Poland from 1333 to 1370.
See Chełm and Casimir III the Great
Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.
Central European Summer Time
Central European Summer Time (CEST, UTC+02:00), sometimes referred to as Central European Daylight Time (CEDT), is the standard clock time observed during the period of summer daylight-saving in those European countries which observe Central European Time (CET; UTC+01:00) during the other part of the year.
See Chełm and Central European Summer Time
Central European Time
Central European Time (CET) is a standard time of Central, and parts of Western Europe, which is one hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
See Chełm and Central European Time
Chełm Chalk Tunnels
The Chełm Chalk Tunnels (in Polish Chełmskie podziemia kredowe) are a system of tunnels dug into the chalk under the city of Chełm in eastern Poland.
See Chełm and Chełm Chalk Tunnels
Chełm Land
Chełm Land was a region of the Kingdom of Poland and later of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1795).
Chełm Voivodeship
Chełm Voivodeship was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in years 1975–1998, superseded by Lublin Voivodeship.
See Chełm and Chełm Voivodeship
Chełmianka Chełm
Chełmianka Chełm is a Polish football club from Chełm, Lublin Voivodeship.
See Chełm and Chełmianka Chełm
Cherven Cities
The Cherven Cities or Cherven Gords (Grody Czerwieńskie, Ukrainian: Червенські Городи), often literally translated as Red Cities, Red Forts or Red Boroughs, was a point of dispute between the Kingdom of Poland and Kievan Rus' at the turn of the 10th and 11th centuries, with both sides claiming their rights to the land.
Congress of Vienna
The Congress of Vienna of 1814–1815 was a series of international diplomatic meetings to discuss and agree upon a possible new layout of the European political and constitutional order after the downfall of the French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte.
See Chełm and Congress of Vienna
Conversion of Chełm Eparchy
The Conversion of Chełm Eparchy was the forced conversion of the Eparchy of Chełm–Belz that took place between January and May 1875.
See Chełm and Conversion of Chełm Eparchy
Daniel of Galicia
Daniel Romanovich (1201–1264) was Prince of Galicia (1205–1207; 1211–1212; 1230–1232; 1233–1234; 1238–1264), Volhynia (1205–1208; 1215–1238), Grand Prince of Kiev (1240), and King of Ruthenia (1253–1264).
See Chełm and Daniel of Galicia
Deluge (history)
The Deluge (potop szwedzki; švedų tvanas) was a series of mid-17th-century military campaigns in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
See Chełm and Deluge (history)
Diocese
In church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop.
Duchy of Belz
Duchy of Belz or Principality of Belz was a duchy, formed in the late 12th century in Kievan Rus.
Duchy of Warsaw
The Duchy of Warsaw (Księstwo Warszawskie; Duché de Varsovie; Herzogtum Warschau), also known as the Grand Duchy of Warsaw and Napoleonic Poland, was a French client state established by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1807, during the Napoleonic Wars.
Eastern Catholic Churches
The Eastern Catholic Churches or Oriental Catholic Churches, also called the Eastern-Rite Catholic Churches, Eastern Rite Catholicism, or simply the Eastern Churches, are 23 Eastern Christian autonomous (sui iuris) particular churches of the Catholic Church, in full communion with the Pope in Rome.
See Chełm and Eastern Catholic Churches
Eastern Orthodoxy
Eastern Orthodoxy, otherwise known as Eastern Orthodox Christianity or Byzantine Christianity, is one of the three main branches of Chalcedonian Christianity, alongside Catholicism and Protestantism.
See Chełm and Eastern Orthodoxy
Edward Ihnatowicz
Edward Ihnatowicz (born 14 February 1926, Chełm – died 1988, London) was a Polish cybernetic art sculptor active in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
See Chełm and Edward Ihnatowicz
Elijah Ba'al Shem of Chełm
Elijah bar Aaron Judah Baal Shem (about 1520 – 1583) was a Polish rabbi and kabbalist who served as chief rabbi of Chełm.
See Chełm and Elijah Ba'al Shem of Chełm
Eparchy
Eparchy (ἐπαρχία eparchía "overlordship") is an ecclesiastical unit in Eastern Christianity that is equivalent to a diocese in Western Christianity.
Eparchy of Chełm–Belz (Ruthenian Uniate Church)
The Eparchy of Chełm–Bełz (also known as Chełm–Bełz of the Ukrainians, Dioecesis Chelmensis et Belthiensis Ruthenorum) was an eparchy of the Ruthenian Uniate Church from 1596 until 1875.
See Chełm and Eparchy of Chełm–Belz (Ruthenian Uniate Church)
Forced labour under German rule during World War II
The use of slave and forced labour in Nazi Germany (Zwangsarbeit) and throughout German-occupied Europe during World War II took place on an unprecedented scale.
See Chełm and Forced labour under German rule during World War II
Franz Moritz von Lacy
Franz Moritz Graf von Lacy (Francis Maurice de Lacy; Proinsias Muiris de Lása; Борис Петрович Ласси, tr.; 21 October 1725 – 24 November 1801) was a Baltic German-born Austrian military leader, he was the son of Count Peter von Lacy and was a famous Austrian field marshal.
See Chełm and Franz Moritz von Lacy
French prisoners of war in World War II
Although no precise estimates exist, the number of French soldiers captured by Nazi Germany during the Battle of France between May and June 1940 is generally recognised around 1.8 million, equivalent to around 10 percent of the total adult male population of France at the time.
See Chełm and French prisoners of war in World War II
Galicia–Volhynia Wars
The Galicia–Volhynia Wars were several wars fought in the years 1340–1392 over the succession in the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia, also known as Ruthenia.
See Chełm and Galicia–Volhynia Wars
Garrison
A garrison (from the French garnison, itself from the verb garnir, "to equip") is any body of troops stationed in a particular location, originally to guard it.
General Jewish Labour Bund in Poland
The General Jewish Labour Bund in Poland (translit, Ogólno-Żydowski Związek Robotniczy "Bund" w Polsce) was a Jewish socialist party in Poland which promoted the political, cultural and social autonomy of Jewish workers, sought to combat antisemitism and was generally opposed to Zionism.
See Chełm and General Jewish Labour Bund in Poland
German AB-Aktion in Poland
The 1940 AB-Aktion (Außerordentliche Befriedungsaktion), a second stage of the Nazi German campaign of violence in Poland during World War II, aimed to eliminate the intellectuals and the upper classes of the Second Polish Republic across the territories slated for eventual annexation by the German Reich.
See Chełm and German AB-Aktion in Poland
German prisoner-of-war camps in World War II
Nazi Germany operated around 1,000 prisoner-of-war camps (Kriegsgefangenenlager) during World War II (1939-1945).
See Chełm and German prisoner-of-war camps in World War II
German Reich
German Reich (lit. German Realm, German Empire, from Deutsches Reich) was the constitutional name for the German nation state that existed from 18 January 1871 to 5 June 1945.
German–Soviet Boundary and Friendship Treaty
The German–Soviet Boundary and Friendship Treaty was a second supplementary protocol of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact of 23 August 1939.
See Chełm and German–Soviet Boundary and Friendship Treaty
Gestapo
The Geheime Staatspolizei, abbreviated Gestapo, was the official secret police of Nazi Germany and in German-occupied Europe.
Gord (archaeology)
A gord is a medieval Slavonic fortified settlement, usually built on strategic sites such as hilltops, riverbanks, lake islets or peninsulas between the 6th and 12th centuries in Central and Eastern Europe.
See Chełm and Gord (archaeology)
Grzegorz Motyka
Grzegorz Motyka (born 1967) is a Polish historian and author specializing in the history of Poland–Ukraine relations.
Gustaw Orlicz-Dreszer
Gustaw Konstanty Orlicz-Dreszer (October 2, 1889 − July 16, 1936) was a Polish general, and a political and social activist.
See Chełm and Gustaw Orlicz-Dreszer
Habsburg monarchy
The Habsburg monarchy, also known as Habsburg Empire, or Habsburg Realm, was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities that were ruled by the House of Habsburg.
See Chełm and Habsburg monarchy
Halych
Halych (Галич; Halici; Halicz; Galich; Halytsch, Halitsch or Galitsch; Heylitsh) is a historic city on the Dniester River in western Ukraine.
See Chełm and Halych
History of the Jews in Latin America and the Caribbean
The history of the Jews in Latin America began with conversos who joined the Spanish and Portuguese expeditions to the continents.
See Chełm and History of the Jews in Latin America and the Caribbean
Holy See
The Holy See (url-status,; Santa Sede), also called the See of Rome, Petrine See or Apostolic See, is the jurisdiction of the pope in his role as the Bishop of Rome.
Hrubieszów
Hrubieszów (Hrubeshiv; Hrubyeshov, or label) is a town in southeastern Poland, with a population of around 18,212 (2016). Chełm and Hrubieszów are cities and towns in Lublin Voivodeship, Holocaust locations in Poland, Kholm Governorate, Lublin Governorate and Lublin Voivodeship (1919–1939).
Icek Ajzen
Icek Ajzen (born 1942, Chełm, Poland) is a social psychologist and professor emeritus at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.
Ida Haendel
Ida Haendel, (15 December 19281 July 2020) was a Polish-British-Canadian violinist.
III liga
III liga (Trzecia liga), currently named Betclic III liga due to its sponsorship by Betclic, is a Polish football league that sits in the fourth tier of the Polish football league system.
Imperial Russian Army
The Imperial Russian Army or Russian Imperial Army (Rússkaya imperátorskaya ármiya) was the armed land force of the Russian Empire, active from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917.
See Chełm and Imperial Russian Army
Institute of National Remembrance
The Institute of National Remembrance – Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation (Instytut Pamięci Narodowej – Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu, abbreviated IPN) is a Polish state research institute in charge of education and archives which also includes two public prosecution service components exercising investigative, prosecution and lustration powers.
See Chełm and Institute of National Remembrance
Interwar period
In the history of the 20th century, the interwar period (or interbellum) lasted from 11November 1918 to 1September 1939 (20years, 9months, 21days) – from the end of World War I (WWI) to the beginning of World War II (WWII).
Invasion of Poland
The Invasion of Poland, also known as the September Campaign, Polish Campaign, War of Poland of 1939, and Polish Defensive War of 1939 (1 September – 6 October 1939), was a joint attack on the Republic of Poland by Nazi Germany, the Slovak Republic, and the Soviet Union, which marked the beginning of World War II.
See Chełm and Invasion of Poland
Isaac Bashevis Singer
Isaac Bashevis Singer (יצחק באַשעװיס זינגער; 1904 – July 24, 1991) was a Polish-born Jewish-American novelist, short-story writer, memoirist, essayist, and translator.
See Chełm and Isaac Bashevis Singer
Italian Military Internees
"Italian Military Internees" (Italienische Militärinternierte in German, Internati Militari Italiani in Italian, abbreviated as IMI) was the official name given by Germany to the Italian soldiers captured, rounded up and deported in the territories of Nazi Germany in Operation Achse in the days immediately following the World War II armistice between Italy and Allied armed forces (September 8, 1943).
See Chełm and Italian Military Internees
Jakub Banaszek
Jakub Michał Banaszek (born 24 June 1991 in Chełm) is a Polish politician.
Józef Zajączek
Prince Józef Zajączek (1 November 1752 – 28 August 1826) was a Polish general and politician.
Jewish humor
The tradition of humor in Judaism dates back to the compilation of the Torah and the Midrash in the ancient Middle East, but the most famous form of Jewish humor consists of the more recent stream of verbal and frequently anecdotal humor of Ashkenazi Jews which took root in the United States during the last one hundred years, it even took root in secular Jewish culture.
Jews
The Jews (יְהוּדִים) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites of the ancient Near East, and whose traditional religion is Judaism.
See Chełm and Jews
Joseph Serchuk
Joseph (Yozhik) Serchuk (יוסף סרצ'וק) born Józef Serczuk or Josef Sierczuk (Chełm, 1919 – 6 November 1993, Tel Aviv) was the leader of a Jewish partisan unit in the Lublin area of occupied Poland during the Holocaust.
Joseph Szydlowski
Joseph Szydlowski (originally Józef Szydłowski; 21 November 1896 in Skryhiczyn (in Chełm County, Poland) – 16 July 1988 in Israel), was a French Polish-Israeli aircraft engine designer who founded Turbomeca in France.
See Chełm and Joseph Szydlowski
Khmelnytsky Uprising
The Khmelnytsky Uprising, also known as the Cossack–Polish War, or the Khmelnytsky insurrection, was a Cossack rebellion that took place between 1648 and 1657 in the eastern territories of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, which led to the creation of a Cossack Hetmanate in Ukraine.
See Chełm and Khmelnytsky Uprising
Kholm Governorate (Russian Empire)
Kholm Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Kholm (Chełm). Chełm and Kholm Governorate (Russian Empire) are Kholm Governorate.
See Chełm and Kholm Governorate (Russian Empire)
Kievan Rus'
Kievan Rus', also known as Kyivan Rus,.
King of Ruthenia
King of Ruthenia, King of Rus', King of Galicia and Lodomeria, Lord and Heir of Ruthenian Lands (Latin: Rex Rusiae, Rex Ruthenorum, Rex Galiciae et Lodomeriae, Terrae Russiae Dominus et Heres) was a title of princes of Galicia and Volhynia, granted by the Pope.
See Chełm and King of Ruthenia
Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia
The Principality or, from 1253, Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia, also known as the Kingdom of Ruthenia, was a medieval state in Eastern Europe which existed from 1199 to 1349.
See Chełm and Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia
Knoxville, Tennessee
Knoxville is a city in and the county seat of Knox County, Tennessee, United States.
See Chełm and Knoxville, Tennessee
Kościuszko Uprising
The Kościuszko Uprising, also known as the Polish Uprising of 1794, Second Polish War, Polish Campaign of 1794, and the Polish Revolution of 1794, was an uprising against the Russian and Prussian influence on Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, led by Tadeusz Kościuszko in Poland-Lithuania and the Prussian partition in 1794.
See Chełm and Kościuszko Uprising
Koinonia
Koinonia is a transliterated form of the Greek word κοινωνία, which refers to concepts such as fellowship, joint participation, partnership, the share which one has in anything, a gift jointly contributed, a collection, a contribution.
Kovel
Kovel (Kowel; קאוולע / קאוולי) is a city in Volyn Oblast, northwestern Ukraine.
See Chełm and Kovel
Krasnystaw
Krasnystaw is a town in southeastern Poland with 18,630 inhabitants (31 December 2019). Chełm and Krasnystaw are cities and towns in Lublin Voivodeship, Holocaust locations in Poland, Lublin Governorate and Lublin Voivodeship (1919–1939).
Labor camp
A labor camp (or labour camp, see spelling differences) or work camp is a detention facility where inmates are forced to engage in penal labor as a form of punishment.
Latin Church
The Latin Church (Ecclesia Latina) is the largest autonomous (sui iuris) particular church within the Catholic Church, whose members constitute the vast majority of the 1.3 billion Catholics.
Lesser Poland Province, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
Lesser Poland Province (Prowincja małopolska, Polonia Minor) was an administrative division of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland from 1569 until 1795 and the biggest province of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
See Chełm and Lesser Poland Province, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
List of counties of Poland
The following is an alphabetical list of all 380 county-level entities in Poland.
See Chełm and List of counties of Poland
List of sovereign states
The following is a list providing an overview of sovereign states around the world with information on their status and recognition of their sovereignty.
See Chełm and List of sovereign states
Lublin
Lublin is the ninth-largest city in Poland and the second-largest city of historical Lesser Poland. Chełm and Lublin are cities and towns in Lublin Voivodeship, city counties of Poland, Holocaust locations in Poland, Lublin Governorate and Lublin Voivodeship (1919–1939).
See Chełm and Lublin
Lublin Voivodeship
Lublin Voivodeship (województwo lubelskie) is a voivodeship (province) of Poland, located in the southeastern part of the country, with its capital in Lublin.
See Chełm and Lublin Voivodeship
Lublin Voivodeship (1919–1939)
Lublin Voivodeship (Województwo Lubelskie) was a unit of administrative division of the Second Polish Republic between the two world wars, in the years 1919–1939.
See Chełm and Lublin Voivodeship (1919–1939)
Magdalena Gaj
Magdalena Gaj born on 25 March 1974, is a Polish state official.
Magdeburg rights
Magdeburg rights (Magdeburger Recht, Prawo magdeburskie, Magdeburgo teisė; also called Magdeburg Law) were a set of town privileges first developed by Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (936–973) and based on the Flemish Law, which regulated the degree of internal autonomy within cities and villages granted by the local ruler.
See Chełm and Magdeburg rights
Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia
The massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia (lit; translit) were carried out in German-occupied Poland by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) with the support of parts of the local Ukrainian population against the Polish minority in Volhynia, Eastern Galicia, parts of Polesia and the Lublin region from 1943 to 1945. Chełm and massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia are massacres of Poles in Volhynia.
See Chełm and Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia
Midrash
Midrash (. Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary. מִדְרָשׁ; מִדְרָשִׁים or midrashot) is expansive Jewish Biblical exegesis using a rabbinic mode of interpretation prominent in the Talmud.
Morlaix
Morlaix (Montroulez) is a commune in the Finistère department of Brittany in northwestern France.
Municipal charter
A city charter or town charter (generically, municipal charter) is a legal document (charter) establishing a municipality such as a city or town.
See Chełm and Municipal charter
Mykhailo Hrushevsky
Mykhailo Serhiiovych Hrushevsky (translit; – 24 November 1934) was a Ukrainian academician, politician, historian and statesman who was one of the most important figures of the Ukrainian national revival of the early 20th century.
See Chełm and Mykhailo Hrushevsky
Napoleonic Wars
The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of conflicts fought between the First French Empire under Napoleon Bonaparte (1804–1815) and a fluctuating array of European coalitions.
Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prizes (Nobelpriset; Nobelprisen) are five separate prizes awarded to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind, as established by the 1895 will of Swedish chemist, engineer, and industrialist Alfred Nobel, in the year before he died.
Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)
The occupation of Poland by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union during World War II (1939–1945) began with the Invasion of Poland in September 1939, and it was formally concluded with the defeat of Germany by the Allies in May 1945.
See Chełm and Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)
Operation Barbarossa
Operation Barbarossa (Unternehmen Barbarossa) was the invasion of the Soviet Union by Nazi Germany and many of its Axis allies, starting on Sunday, 22 June 1941, during World War II.
See Chełm and Operation Barbarossa
Operation Reinhard
Operation Reinhard or Operation Reinhardt (Aktion Reinhard or Aktion Reinhardt; also Einsatz Reinhard or Einsatz Reinhardt) was the codename of the secret German plan in World War II to exterminate Polish Jews in the General Government district of German-occupied Poland.
See Chełm and Operation Reinhard
Polish Military Organisation
The Polish Military Organisation, PMO (Polska Organizacja Wojskowa, POW) was a secret military organization that was formed during World War I (1914–1918).
See Chełm and Polish Military Organisation
Polish Orthodox Church
The Polish Autocephalous Orthodox Church (Polski Autokefaliczny Kościół Prawosławny), commonly known as the Polish Orthodox Church, or Orthodox Church of Poland, is one of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches in full communion.
See Chełm and Polish Orthodox Church
Polish people
Polish people, or Poles, are a West Slavic ethnic group and nation who share a common history, culture, the Polish language and are identified with the country of Poland in Central Europe.
Pope Pius XI
Pope Pius XI (Pio XI), born Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti (31 May 1857 – 10 February 1939), was the Bishop of Rome and supreme pontiff of the Catholic Church from 6 February 1922 to 10 February 1939.
Prosvita
Prosvita (просвіта, 'enlightenment') is an enlightenment society aimed to preserve and develop Ukrainian culture, education and science, that was created in the nineteenth century in Austria-Hungary's Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria.
Protestantism
Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that emphasizes justification of sinners through faith alone, the teaching that salvation comes by unmerited divine grace, the priesthood of all believers, and the Bible as the sole infallible source of authority for Christian faith and practice.
Proto-Slavic language
Proto-Slavic (abbreviated PSl., PS.; also called Common Slavic or Common Slavonic) is the unattested, reconstructed proto-language of all Slavic languages.
See Chełm and Proto-Slavic language
Rail transport
Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a means of transport using wheeled vehicles running in tracks, which usually consist of two parallel steel rails.
Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union.
Renata Reisfeld
Renata Reisfeld (Hebrew: רנטה ריספלד, née Sobel) is an Israeli Professor of Chemistry and D.H.C. Enrique Berman Professor of Solar Energy at Institute of Chemistry of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel, author of 532 scientific papers cited more than 30,000 times.
Renewal of the Republic of Poland
The Renewal of the Republic of Poland (OdNowa RP) is a conservative political association in Poland.
See Chełm and Renewal of the Republic of Poland
Roman Catholic Diocese of Chełm
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Chełm(-Lublin) was a Latin Catholic bishopric in southeastern Poland, from 1257 (until 1358 as Łuków) until its suppression in 1805, which was restored as Latin titular see in 2009.
See Chełm and Roman Catholic Diocese of Chełm
Roman Shukhevych
Roman-Taras Yosypovych Shukhevych (Рома́н-Тарас Йо́сипович Шухе́вич, also known by his pseudonym, Tur and Taras Chuprynka; 30 June 1907 – 5 March 1950) was a Ukrainian nationalistAnton Shekhovtsov (2011).
See Chełm and Roman Shukhevych
Rose Schneiderman
Rose Schneiderman (April 6, 1882 – August 11, 1972) was a Polish-born American labor organizer and feminist, and one of the most prominent female labor union leaders.
See Chełm and Rose Schneiderman
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was a vast empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its proclamation in November 1721 until its dissolution in March 1917.
Russian Orthodox Church
The Russian Orthodox Church (ROC; Russkaya pravoslavnaya tserkov', abbreviated as РПЦ), alternatively legally known as the Moscow Patriarchate (Moskovskiy patriarkhat), is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Christian church.
See Chełm and Russian Orthodox Church
Russian Partition
The Russian Partition (zabór rosyjski), sometimes called Russian Poland, constituted the former territories of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that were annexed by the Russian Empire in the course of late-18th-century Partitions of Poland.
See Chełm and Russian Partition
Russian Revolution of 1905
The Russian Revolution of 1905, also known as the First Russian Revolution, began on 22 January 1905.
See Chełm and Russian Revolution of 1905
Ruthenian Voivodeship
The Ruthenian Voivodeship (Palatinatus russiae; Województwo ruskie; Ruske voievodstvo) was a voivodeship of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland from 1434 until the First Partition of Poland in 1772, with its center in the city of Lwów (now Lviv).
See Chełm and Ruthenian Voivodeship
Sachsenhausen concentration camp
Sachsenhausen or Sachsenhausen-Oranienburg was a German Nazi concentration camp in Oranienburg, Germany, used from 1936 until April 1945, shortly before the defeat of Nazi Germany in May later that year.
See Chełm and Sachsenhausen concentration camp
Schutzstaffel
The Schutzstaffel (SS; also stylised as ᛋᛋ with Armanen runes) was a major paramilitary organisation under Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party in Nazi Germany, and later throughout German-occupied Europe during World War II.
Second Polish Republic
The Second Polish Republic, at the time officially known as the Republic of Poland, was a country in Central and Eastern Europe that existed between 7 October 1918 and 6 October 1939.
See Chełm and Second Polish Republic
Sejm
The Sejm, officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (Sejm Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej), is the lower house of the bicameral parliament of Poland.
See Chełm and Sejm
Sindelfingen
Sindelfingen (Swabian: Sendlfenga) is a city in Baden-Württemberg in south Germany.
Sister Cities International
Sister Cities International (SCI) is a non-governmental organization (NGO) with the goal of facilitating partnerships between communities within the United States and other countries by establishing sister cities. Sister cities are agreements of mutual support formally recognized by the civic leaders of those cities.
See Chełm and Sister Cities International
Sister city
A sister city or a twin town relationship is a form of legal or social agreement between two geographically and politically distinct localities for the purpose of promoting cultural and commercial ties.
Skierniewice
Skierniewice is a city in central Poland with 47,031 inhabitants (2021), situated in the Łódź Voivodeship. Chełm and Skierniewice are city counties of Poland and Populated riverside places in Poland.
Sloboda Ukraine
Sloboda Ukraine (Slobidska Ukraina; Slobodskaya Ukraina), also known locally as Slobozhanshchyna (Слобожанщина,; Slobozhanshchina), is a historical region in northeastern Ukraine and southwestern Russia.
Sobibor extermination camp
Sobibor (Sobibór) was an extermination camp built and operated by Nazi Germany as part of Operation Reinhard.
See Chełm and Sobibor extermination camp
Solomon ben Moses Chelm
Solomon ben Moses Chelm (– 14 July 1781) was a Polish rabbi, best known for his multi-volume work Merkevet ha-mishneh.
See Chełm and Solomon ben Moses Chelm
Solomon Simon
Solomon Simon (1895NY Times Article - November 10, 1970 - Obituary Section—November 8, 1970) was a Jewish author and educator.
Szmul Zygielbojm
Szmul Mordko Zygielbojm (שמואל זיגלבוים.; &ndash) was a Polish socialist politician, Bund trade-union activist, and member of the National Council of the Polish government-in-exile.
See Chełm and Szmul Zygielbojm
Talmud
The Talmud (תַּלְמוּד|Talmūḏ|teaching) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law (halakha) and Jewish theology.
See Chełm and Talmud
Tennessee
Tennessee, officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked state in the Southeastern region of the United States.
The Fools of Chelm and Their History
The Fools of Chelm and Their History is a humorous book by Isaac Bashevis Singer about a fictional town of Chelm (not the real Polish town of Chełm) inhabited by naive Wise Men of Chelm.
See Chełm and The Fools of Chelm and Their History
The Holocaust
The Holocaust was the genocide of European Jews during World War II.
Third Partition of Poland
The Third Partition of Poland (1795) was the last in a series of the Partitions of Poland–Lithuania and the land of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth among Prussia, the Habsburg monarchy, and the Russian Empire which effectively ended Polish–Lithuanian national sovereignty until 1918.
See Chełm and Third Partition of Poland
Titular see
A titular see in various churches is an episcopal see of a former diocese that no longer functions, sometimes called a "dead diocese".
Treblinka extermination camp
Treblinka was the second-deadliest extermination camp to be built and operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland during World War II.
See Chełm and Treblinka extermination camp
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe.
Ukrainian Insurgent Army
The Ukrainian Insurgent Army (translit, abbreviated UPA) was a Ukrainian nationalist paramilitary and partisan formation founded by the Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists on 14 October 1942. Chełm and Ukrainian Insurgent Army are massacres of Poles in Volhynia.
See Chełm and Ukrainian Insurgent Army
Ukrainian nationalism
Ukrainian nationalism is the promotion of the unity of Ukrainians as a people and the promotion of the identity of Ukraine as a nation state.
See Chełm and Ukrainian nationalism
Utena
Utena (Utenen) is a city in north-east Lithuania.
See Chełm and Utena
Valerian Zubov
Count Valerian Aleksandrovich Zubov (1771–1804) was a Russian general who led the Persian Expedition of 1796.
Vehicle registration plates of Poland
Vehicle registration plates of Poland indicate the region of registration of the vehicle given the number plate.
See Chełm and Vehicle registration plates of Poland
Vladimir the Great
Vladimir I Sviatoslavich or Volodymyr I Sviatoslavych (Volodiměr Svętoslavič; Christian name: Basil; 15 July 1015), given the epithet "the Great", was Prince of Novgorod from 970 and Grand Prince of Kiev from 978 until his death in 1015. The Eastern Orthodox Church canonised him as Saint Vladimir.
See Chełm and Vladimir the Great
Voivodeships of Poland
A voivodeship (województwo; plural: województwa) is the highest-level administrative division of Poland, corresponding to a province in many other countries.
See Chełm and Voivodeships of Poland
Volodymyr Viatrovych
Volodymyr Mykhailovych Viatrovych (Володи́мир Михайлович В'ятро́вич; born 7 July 1977) is a Ukrainian historian, civic activist and politician.
See Chełm and Volodymyr Viatrovych
Włodawa
Włodawa (Vlodave; Volodava; Уладава, taraškievica: Uładava) is a town in eastern Poland on the Bug River, close to the borders with Belarus and Ukraine. Chełm and Włodawa are cities and towns in Lublin Voivodeship, Holocaust locations in Poland, Kholm Governorate, Lublin Voivodeship (1919–1939) and Populated riverside places in Poland.
World War I
World War I (alternatively the First World War or the Great War) (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918) was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers.
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.
Y. Y. Trunk
Yehiel Yeshaya Trunk, better known by his pen name Y. Y. Trunk, was a Jewish literary critic and author.
Yad Vashem
Yad Vashem (יָד וַשֵׁם) is Israel's official memorial to the victims of the Holocaust.
Yiddish
Yiddish (ייִדיש, יידיש or אידיש, yidish or idish,,; ייִדיש-טײַטש, historically also Yidish-Taytsh) is a West Germanic language historically spoken by Ashkenazi Jews.
Zamość
Zamość (Zamoshtsh; Zamoscia) is a historical city in southeastern Poland. Chełm and Zamość are cities and towns in Lublin Voivodeship, city counties of Poland, Holocaust locations in Poland, Kholm Governorate, Lublin Governorate and Lublin Voivodeship (1919–1939).
See Chełm and Zamość
1921 Polish census
The Polish census of 1921 or First General Census in Poland (Pierwszy Powszechny Spis Ludności) was the first census in the Second Polish Republic, performed on September 30, 1921 by the Main Bureau of Statistics (Główny Urząd Statystyczny).
See Chełm and 1921 Polish census
3 May Constitution Day
3 May Constitution Day (also 3rd May National Holiday; Święto Konstytucji 3 Maja) is a Polish national and public holiday that takes place on 3 May.
See Chełm and 3 May Constitution Day
See also
Cities with powiat rights
Massacres of Poles in Volhynia
- Adamy massacre
- Battle of Oździutycze
- Budy Ossowskie massacre
- Było sobie miasteczko...
- Chełm
- Chrynów massacre
- Defense of Huta Stepańska and Wyrka
- Defense of Przebraże
- Dominopol massacre
- Ewa Siemaszko
- Gaj massacre
- Gurów massacre
- Głęboczyca massacre
- Henryk Cybulski
- Historiography of the massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia
- Hurby massacre
- Józef Turowski
- Janowa Dolina massacre
- Kisielin massacre
- Kresowa księga sprawiedliwych
- Krzysztof Markiewicz
- Kurdybań Warkowicki
- Kuty (Kąty) defence
- List of estimates of the number of victims of massacres committed by the UPA against Poles and of Polish retaliatory actions
- Ludwik Malinowski (resistance fighter)
- Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia
- Ostrówki massacre
- Parośla I massacre
- Pańska Dolina
- Stepan Bandera
- Ukrainian Insurgent Army
- Volhynia (film)
- Volhynian Bloody Sunday
- Wiązownica massacre
- Wiśniowiec massacres
- Wola Ostrowiecka massacre
- Władysław Siemaszko
- Zagaje massacre
- Zygmunt Rumel
- Żeniówka massacre
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chełm
Also known as Bishopric of Chelm, Chelm, Chelm and Belz, Chelmas, Cholm, Flag of Chełm, History of Chełm, Khelem, Khelm, Xelem.
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