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Checkpoint inhibitor, the Glossary

Checkpoint inhibitor therapy is a form of cancer immunotherapy.^[1]

56 relations: Adoptive cell transfer, AstraZeneca, Atezolizumab, Autoimmunity, Avelumab, Basal-cell carcinoma, Bladder cancer, Breast cancer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cancer immunotherapy, Cancer treatment, CAR T cell, CBLB (gene), Cemiplimab, Cervical cancer, Checkpoint inhibitor induced colitis, Cholangiocarcinoma, CISH (protein), Colorectal cancer, Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4, Dostarlimab, Durvalumab, Endometrial cancer, Esophageal cancer, Food and Drug Administration, Head and neck cancer, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, Hypophysitis, Hypothyroidism, Immune checkpoint, Immune system, Immunotherapy, Ipilimumab, James P. Allison, Melanoma, Merck & Co., Merkel-cell carcinoma, Mesothelioma, Myasthenia gravis, Nivolumab, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Non-small-cell lung cancer, PD-L1, Pembrolizumab, Programmed cell death protein 1, Renal cell carcinoma, Small-cell carcinoma, Spartalizumab, Squamous-cell carcinoma, ... Expand index (6 more) »
Cancer immunotherapy

Adoptive cell transfer

Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) is the transfer of cells into a patient.

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AstraZeneca

AstraZeneca plc (AZ) is a British-Swedish multinational pharmaceutical and biotechnology company with its headquarters at the Cambridge Biomedical Campus in Cambridge, England.

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Atezolizumab, sold under the brand name Tecentriq among others, is a monoclonal antibody medication used to treat urothelial carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), small cell lung cancer (SCLC), hepatocellular carcinoma and alveolar soft part sarcoma, but discontinued for use in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).

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Autoimmunity

In immunology, autoimmunity is the system of immune responses of an organism against its own healthy cells, tissues and other normal body constituents.

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Avelumab

Avelumab, sold under the brand name Bavencio, is a fully human monoclonal antibody medication for the treatment of Merkel cell carcinoma, urothelial carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma.

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Basal-cell carcinoma

Basal-cell carcinoma (BCC), also known as basal-cell cancer, basalioma or rodent ulcer, is the most common type of skin cancer.

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Bladder cancer

Bladder cancer is any of several types of cancer arising from the tissues of the urinary bladder.

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Breast cancer

Breast cancer is a cancer that develops from breast tissue.

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Bristol Myers Squibb

The Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, doing business as Bristol Myers Squibb (BMS), is an American multinational pharmaceutical company.

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Cancer immunotherapy

Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncotherapy) is the stimulation of the immune system to treat cancer, improving the immune system's natural ability to fight the disease.

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Cancer treatment

Cancer treatments are a wide range of treatments available for the many different types of cancer, with each cancer type needing its own specific treatment.

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CAR T cell

In biology, chimeric antigen receptors (CARs)—also known as chimeric immunoreceptors, chimeric T cell receptors or artificial T cell receptors—are receptor proteins that have been engineered to give T cells the new ability to target a specific antigen. Checkpoint inhibitor and CAR T cell are cancer immunotherapy and immune system.

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CBLB (gene)

CBL-B is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that in humans is encoded by the CBLB gene.

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Cemiplimab

Cemiplimab, sold under the brand name Libtayo, is a monoclonal antibody medication for the treatment of squamous cell skin cancer.

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Cervical cancer

Cervical cancer is a cancer arising from the cervix or in the any layer of the wall of the cervix.

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Checkpoint inhibitor induced colitis

Checkpoint inhibitor induced colitis is an inflammatory condition affecting the colon (colitis), which is caused by cancer immunotherapy (checkpoint inhibitor therapy). Checkpoint inhibitor and Checkpoint inhibitor induced colitis are cancer immunotherapy.

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Cholangiocarcinoma

Cholangiocarcinoma, also known as bile duct cancer, is a type of cancer that forms in the bile ducts.

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CISH (protein)

Cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CISH gene.

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Colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC), also known as bowel cancer, colon cancer, or rectal cancer, is the development of cancer from the colon or rectum (parts of the large intestine).

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Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4, (CTLA-4) also known as CD152 (cluster of differentiation 152), is a protein receptor that functions as an immune checkpoint and downregulates immune responses.

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Dostarlimab

Dostarlimab, sold under the brand name Jemperli, is a monoclonal antibody used as an anti-cancer medication for the treatment of endometrial cancer.

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Durvalumab

Durvalumab, sold under the brand name Imfinzi, is an FDA-approved immunotherapy for cancer, developed by Medimmune/AstraZeneca.

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Endometrial cancer

Endometrial cancer is a cancer that arises from the endometrium (the lining of the uterus or womb).

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Esophageal cancer

Esophageal cancer is cancer arising from the esophagus—the food pipe that runs between the throat and the stomach.

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Food and Drug Administration

The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA or US FDA) is a federal agency of the Department of Health and Human Services.

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Head and neck cancer

Head and neck cancer is a general term encompassing multiple cancers that can develop in the head and neck region.

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Hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer in adults and is currently the most common cause of death in people with cirrhosis.

See Checkpoint inhibitor and Hepatocellular carcinoma

Hodgkin lymphoma

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a type of lymphoma in which cancer originates from a specific type of white blood cell called lymphocytes, where multinucleated Reed–Sternberg cells (RS cells) are present in the patient's lymph nodes.

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Hypophysitis

Hypophysitis refers to an inflammation of the pituitary gland.

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Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism (also called underactive thyroid, low thyroid or hypothyreosis) is a disorder of the endocrine system in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones.

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Immune checkpoint

Immune checkpoints are regulators of the immune system. Checkpoint inhibitor and immune checkpoint are immune system.

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Immune system

The immune system is a network of biological systems that protects an organism from diseases.

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Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy or biological therapy is the treatment of disease by activating or suppressing the immune system.

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Ipilimumab

Ipilimumab, sold under the brand name Yervoy, is a monoclonal antibody medication that works to activate the immune system by targeting CTLA-4, a protein receptor that downregulates the immune system.

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James P. Allison

James Patrick Allison (born August 7, 1948) is an American immunologist and Nobel laureate who holds the position of professor and chair of immunology and executive director of immunotherapy platform at the MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, Texas.

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Melanoma

Melanoma is the most dangerous type of skin cancer; it develops from the melanin-producing cells known as melanocytes.

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Merck & Co.

Merck & Co., Inc. is an American multinational pharmaceutical company headquartered in Rahway, New Jersey, and is named for Merck Group, founded in Germany in 1668, of which it was once the American arm.

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Merkel-cell carcinoma

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive skin cancer occurring in about three people per million members of the population.

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Mesothelioma

Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that develops from the thin layer of tissue that covers many of the internal organs (known as the mesothelium).

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Myasthenia gravis

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a long-term neuromuscular junction disease that leads to varying degrees of skeletal muscle weakness.

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Nivolumab

Nivolumab, sold under the brand name Opdivo, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat a number of types of cancer.

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Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin) is awarded yearly by the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute for outstanding discoveries in physiology or medicine.

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Non-small-cell lung cancer

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), or non-small-cell lung carcinoma, is any type of epithelial lung cancer other than small-cell lung cancer (SCLC).

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PD-L1

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) also known as cluster of differentiation 274 (CD274) or B7 homolog 1 (B7-H1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD274 gene.

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Pembrolizumab

Pembrolizumab, sold under the brand name Keytruda, is a humanized antibody used in cancer immunotherapy that treats melanoma, lung cancer, head and neck cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma, stomach cancer, cervical cancer, and certain types of breast cancer. Checkpoint inhibitor and Pembrolizumab are cancer immunotherapy.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checkpoint_inhibitor

Also known as Checkpoint blockade, Checkpoint inhibition, Checkpoint inhibitor therapy, Checkpoint therapy.

, Stomach cancer, Tang Prize, Tasuku Honjo, Thyroiditis, Transitional cell carcinoma, Tremelimumab.

Checkpoint inhibitor, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Cancer immunotherapy

References