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Chenopodium berlandieri, the Glossary

Index Chenopodium berlandieri

Chenopodium berlandieri, also known by the common names pitseed goosefoot, lamb's quarters (or lambsquarters), and huauzontle (Nahuatl) is an annual herbaceous plant in the family Amaranthaceae.[1]

Table of Contents

  1. 134 relations: Alfred Moquin-Tandon, Amaranth, Amaranthaceae, Andes, Anemophily, Annual plant, Annual vs. perennial plant evolution, Anthelmintic, Anthropology, Antioxidant, Antoine-Simon Le Page du Pratz, Arthritis, Asteraceae, Bioavailability, Biological activity, Bone Cave, Tennessee, Botany, Brassicaceae, Bread, Broccoli, Bulgur, Canada, Central America, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium nuttalliae, Chlorophyll, Circumference, Colorado, Competition, Cover crop, Cucurbita pepo, Cultivar, Cylinder, Dehiscence (botany), Dietary Reference Intake, Domestication, Dysphania ambrosioides, Eastern Agricultural Complex, Essential amino acid, Europe, Evolutionary pressure, Fertilizer, Flavonoid, Flour, Food preservation, Food security, Frost, Fruit (plant structure), Gastroesophageal reflux disease, Gene flow, ... Expand index (84 more) »

  2. Chenopodium
  3. Crops originating from Pre-Columbian North America
  4. Crops originating from indigenous Americans
  5. Mesoamerican cuisine
  6. Pre-Columbian Great Plains cuisine
  7. Pseudocereals
  8. Stem vegetables

Alfred Moquin-Tandon

Christian Horace Benedict Alfred Moquin-Tandon (7 May 1804 – 15 April 1863) was a French naturalist and doctor.

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Amaranth

Amaranthus is a cosmopolitan group of more than 50 species which make up the genus of annual or short-lived perennial plants collectively known as amaranths. Chenopodium berlandieri and amaranth are leaf vegetables and pseudocereals.

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Amaranthaceae

Amaranthaceae is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus Amaranthus.

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Andes

The Andes, Andes Mountains or Andean Mountain Range are the longest continental mountain range in the world, forming a continuous highland along the western edge of South America.

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Anemophily

Anemophily or wind pollination is a form of pollination whereby pollen is distributed by wind.

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Annual plant

An annual plant is a plant that completes its life cycle, from germination to the production of seeds, within one growing season, and then dies.

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Annual vs. perennial plant evolution

'''Annuality''' (living and reproducing in a single year) and '''perenniality''' (living more than two years) represent major life history strategies within plant lineages.

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Anthelmintic

Anthelmintics or antihelminthics are a group of antiparasitic drugs that expel parasitic worms (helminths) and other internal parasites from the body by either stunning or killing them and without causing significant damage to the host.

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Anthropology

Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology, cultures, societies, and linguistics, in both the present and past, including archaic humans.

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Antioxidant

Antioxidants are compounds that inhibit oxidation (usually occurring as autoxidation), a chemical reaction that can produce free radicals.

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Antoine-Simon Le Page du Pratz

Antoine-Simon Le Page du Pratz (1695?–1775), Discovering Lewis & Clark was a French ethnographer, historian, and naturalist who is best known for his Histoire de la Louisiane.

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Arthritis

Arthritis is a term often used to mean any disorder that affects joints.

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Asteraceae

Asteraceae is a large family of flowering plants that consists of over 32,000 known species in over 1,900 genera within the order Asterales.

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Bioavailability

In pharmacology, bioavailability is a subcategory of absorption and is the fraction (%) of an administered drug that reaches the systemic circulation.

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Biological activity

In pharmacology, biological activity or pharmacological activity describes the beneficial or adverse effects of a drug on living matter.

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Bone Cave, Tennessee

Bone Cave (also Big Bone Cave or Bonecave) is an unincorporated community in Van Buren County, Tennessee, United States.

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Botany

Botany, also called plant science (or plant sciences), plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology.

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Brassicaceae

Brassicaceae or (the older) Cruciferae is a medium-sized and economically important family of flowering plants commonly known as the mustards, the crucifers, or the cabbage family.

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Bread

Bread is a staple food prepared from a dough of flour (usually wheat) and water, usually by baking.

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Broccoli

Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) is an edible green plant in the cabbage family (family Brassicaceae, genus Brassica) whose large flowering head, stalk and small associated leaves are eaten as a vegetable.

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Bulgur

Bulgur (bulgur;; groats), or burghul (burġul), is a cracked wheat foodstuff found in South Asian cuisine and West Asian cuisine.

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Canada

Canada is a country in North America.

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Central America

Central America is a subregion of North America.

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Chenopodium album

Chenopodium album is a fast-growing annual plant in the flowering plant family Amaranthaceae. Chenopodium berlandieri and Chenopodium album are Chenopodium, leaf vegetables and plants used in Native American cuisine.

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Chenopodium nuttalliae

Chenopodium nuttalliae is a species of edible plant native to Mexico. Chenopodium berlandieri and Chenopodium nuttalliae are Chenopodium and stem vegetables.

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Chlorophyll

Chlorophyll is any of several related green pigments found in cyanobacteria and in the chloroplasts of algae and plants.

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Circumference

In geometry, the circumference (from Latin circumferens, meaning "carrying around") is the perimeter of a circle or ellipse.

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Colorado

Colorado (other variants) is a landlocked state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States.

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Competition

Competition is a rivalry where two or more parties strive for a common goal which cannot be shared: where one's gain is the other's loss (an example of which is a zero-sum game).

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Cover crop

In agriculture, cover crops are plants that are planted to cover the soil rather than for the purpose of being harvested.

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Cucurbita pepo

Cucurbita pepo is a cultivated plant of the genus Cucurbita. Chenopodium berlandieri and Cucurbita pepo are crops originating from Pre-Columbian North America.

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Cultivar

A cultivar is a kind of cultivated plant that people have selected for desired traits and which retains those traits when propagated.

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Cylinder

A cylinder has traditionally been a three-dimensional solid, one of the most basic of curvilinear geometric shapes.

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Dehiscence (botany)

Dehiscence is the splitting of a mature plant structure along a built-in line of weakness to release its contents.

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Dietary Reference Intake

The Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) is a system of nutrition recommendations from the National Academy of Medicine (NAM) of the National Academies (United States).

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Domestication

Domestication is a multi-generational mutualistic relationship in which an animal species, such as humans or leafcutter ants, takes over control and care of another species, such as sheep or fungi, to obtain from them a steady supply of resources, such as meat, milk, or labor.

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Dysphania ambrosioides

Dysphania ambrosioides, formerly Chenopodium ambrosioides, known as epazote, Jesuit's tea, Mexican tea or wormseed, is an annual or short-lived perennial herb native to the Americas. Chenopodium berlandieri and Dysphania ambrosioides are leaf vegetables and Mesoamerican cuisine.

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Eastern Agricultural Complex

The Eastern Agricultural Complex in the woodlands of eastern North America was one of about 10 independent centers of plant domestication in the pre-historic world. Chenopodium berlandieri and eastern Agricultural Complex are crops originating from Pre-Columbian North America and plants used in Native American cuisine.

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Essential amino acid

An essential amino acid, or indispensable amino acid, is an amino acid that cannot be synthesized from scratch by the organism fast enough to supply its demand, and must therefore come from the diet.

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Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

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Evolutionary pressure

Evolutionary pressure, selective pressure or selection pressure is exerted by factors that reduce or increase reproductive success in a portion of a population, driving natural selection.

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Fertilizer

A fertilizer (American English) or fertiliser (British English) is any material of natural or synthetic origin that is applied to soil or to plant tissues to supply plant nutrients.

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Flavonoid

Flavonoids (or bioflavonoids; from the Latin word flavus, meaning yellow, their color in nature) are a class of polyphenolic secondary metabolites found in plants, and thus commonly consumed in the diets of humans.

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Flour

Flour is a powder made by grinding raw grains, roots, beans, nuts, or seeds.

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Food preservation

Food preservation includes processes that make food more resistant to microorganism growth and slow the oxidation of fats.

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Food security

Food security is the state of having reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable, nutritious food.

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Frost

Frost is a thin layer of ice on a solid surface, which forms from water vapor that deposits onto a freezing surface.

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Fruit (plant structure)

Fruits are the mature ovary or ovaries of one or more flowers.

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is a chronic upper gastrointestinal disease in which stomach content persistently and regularly flows up into the esophagus, resulting in symptoms and/or complications.

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Gene flow

In population genetics, gene flow (also known as migration and allele flow) is the transfer of genetic material from one population to another.

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Genetic distance

Genetic distance is a measure of the genetic divergence between species or between populations within a species, whether the distance measures time from common ancestor or degree of differentiation.

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Gluten

Gluten is a structural protein naturally found in certain cereal grains.

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Glyphosate-based herbicides

Glyphosate-based herbicides are usually made of a glyphosate salt that is combined with other ingredients that are needed to stabilize the herbicide formula and allow penetration into plants.

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Gout

Gout is a form of inflammatory arthritis characterized by recurrent attacks of pain in a red, tender, hot, and swollen joint, caused by the deposition of needle-like crystals of uric acid known as monosodium urate crystals.

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Gristmill

A gristmill (also: grist mill, corn mill, flour mill, feed mill or feedmill) grinds cereal grain into flour and middlings.

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Grits

Grits are a type of porridge made from coarsely ground dried maize or hominy, the latter being maize that has been treated with an alkali in a process called nixtamalization, with the pericarp (ovary wall) removed.

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Harvest

Harvesting is the process of collecting plants, animals, or fish (as well as fungi) as food, especially the process of gathering mature crops, and "the harvest" also refers to the collected crops.

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Hawaii

Hawaii (Hawaii) is an island state of the United States, in the Pacific Ocean about southwest of the U.S. mainland.

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Helianthus

Helianthus is a genus comprising about 70 species of annual and perennial flowering plants in the daisy family Asteraceae commonly known as sunflowers. Chenopodium berlandieri and Helianthus are crops originating from indigenous Americans.

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Herbaceous plant

Herbaceous plants are vascular plants that have no persistent woody stems above ground.

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Herbicide

Herbicides, also commonly known as weed killers, are substances used to control undesired plants, also known as weeds.

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Hermaphrodite

A hermaphrodite is a sexually reproducing organism that produces both male and female gametes.

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Hoarding (animal behavior)

Hoarding or caching in animal behavior is the storage of food in locations hidden from the sight of both conspecifics (animals of the same or closely related species) and members of other species.

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Hordeum pusillum

Hordeum pusillum, also known as little barley, is an annual grass native to most of the United States and southwestern Canada. Chenopodium berlandieri and Hordeum pusillum are crops originating from Pre-Columbian North America and plants used in Native American cuisine.

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Hybrid (biology)

In biology, a hybrid is the offspring resulting from combining the qualities of two organisms of different varieties, subspecies, species or genera through sexual reproduction.

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Hypocotyl

The hypocotyl (short for "hypocotyledonous stem", meaning "below seed leaf") is the stem of a germinating seedling, found below the cotyledons (seed leaves) and above the radicle (root).

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Indigenous peoples of the Eastern Woodlands

The Eastern Woodlands is a cultural area of the indigenous people of North America.

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Inorganic compound

An inorganic compound is typically a chemical compound that lacks carbon–hydrogen bonds⁠that is, a compound that is not an organic compound.

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Intestinal parasite infection

An intestinal parasite infection is a condition in which a parasite infects the gastro-intestinal tract of humans and other animals.

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Introgression

Introgression, also known as introgressive hybridization, in genetics is the transfer of genetic material from one species into the gene pool of another by the repeated backcrossing of an interspecific hybrid with one of its parent species.

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Iva annua

Iva annua, the annual marsh elder or sumpweed, is a North American herbaceous annual plant in the family Asteraceae that was historically cultivated by Native Americans for its edible seed. Chenopodium berlandieri and Iva annua are crops originating from Pre-Columbian North America, Flora of the Great Plains (North America), Flora of the United States, pre-Columbian Great Plains cuisine and pseudocereals.

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Jean-Louis Berlandier

Jean-Louis Berlandier (1803 – 1851) was a French-Mexican naturalist, physician, and anthropologist.

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Kaempferol

Kaempferol (3,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone) is a natural flavonol, a type of flavonoid, found in a variety of plants and plant-derived foods including kale, beans, tea, spinach, and broccoli.

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Kentucky

Kentucky, officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a landlocked state in the Southeastern region of the United States.

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Kidney stone disease

Kidney stone disease, also known as renal calculus disease, nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis, is a crystallopathy where a solid piece of material (renal calculus) develops in the urinary tract.

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Knotweed

Knotweed is a common name for plants in several genera in the family Polygonaceae.

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Leaf

A leaf (leaves) is a principal appendage of the stem of a vascular plant, usually borne laterally aboveground and specialized for photosynthesis.

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Leaf vegetable

Leaf vegetables, also called leafy greens, pot herbs, vegetable greens, or simply greens, are plant leaves eaten as a vegetable, sometimes accompanied by tender petioles and shoots. Chenopodium berlandieri and leaf vegetable are leaf vegetables.

See Chenopodium berlandieri and Leaf vegetable

Linoleic acid

Linoleic acid (LA) is an organic compound with the formula.

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Linolenic acid

Linolenic acid is a type of naturally-occurring fatty acid.

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Maize

Maize (Zea mays), also known as corn in North American English, is a tall stout grass that produces cereal grain. Chenopodium berlandieri and Maize are crops originating from Pre-Columbian North America.

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Mexico

Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America.

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Michoacán

Michoacán, formally Michoacán de Ocampo (Purépecha: P'uɽempo), officially the Estado Libre y Soberano de Michoacán de Ocampo (Free and Sovereign State of Michoacán de Ocampo), is one of the 31 states which, together with Mexico City, comprise the Federal Entities of Mexico.

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Micrometre

The micrometre (Commonwealth English) as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: μm) or micrometer (American English), also commonly known by the non-SI term micron, is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI) equalling (SI standard prefix "micro-".

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Micronutrient

Micronutrients are essential dietary elements required by organisms in varying quantities to regulate physiological functions of cells and organs.

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Nahuatl

Nahuatl, Aztec, or Mexicano is a language or, by some definitions, a group of languages of the Uto-Aztecan language family.

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Natchez people

The Natchez are a Native American people who originally lived in the Natchez Bluffs area in the Lower Mississippi Valley, near the present-day city of Natchez, Mississippi, in the United States.

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Native Americans in the United States

Native Americans, sometimes called American Indians, First Americans, or Indigenous Americans, are the Indigenous peoples native to portions of the land that the United States is located on.

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Neontology

Neontology is a part of biology that, in contrast to paleontology, deals with living (or, more generally, recent) organisms.

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North America

North America is a continent in the Northern and Western Hemispheres.

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Nutrient

A nutrient is a substance used by an organism to survive, grow and reproduce.

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Ohio River

The Ohio River is a river in the United States.

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Oleic acid

Oleic acid is a fatty acid that occurs naturally in various animal and vegetable fats and oils.

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Ovary (botany)

In the flowering plants, an ovary is a part of the female reproductive organ of the flower or gynoecium.

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Ovule

In seed plants, the ovule is the structure that gives rise to and contains the female reproductive cells.

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Oxalic acid

Oxalic acid is an organic acid with the systematic name ethanedioic acid and chemical formula, also written as or or.

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Paleofeces

Paleofeces (or palaeofaeces in British English) are ancient human feces, often found as part of archaeological excavations or surveys.

See Chenopodium berlandieri and Paleofeces

Pancake

A pancake (or hotcake, griddlecake, or flapjack) is a flat cake, often thin and round, prepared from a starch-based batter that may contain eggs, milk and butter, and then cooked on a hot surface such as a griddle or frying pan.

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Panicle

A panicle is a much-branched inflorescence.

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PH

In chemistry, pH, also referred to as acidity or basicity, historically denotes "potential of hydrogen" (or "power of hydrogen").

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Phalaris caroliniana

Phalaris caroliniana is a species of grass known as Carolina canarygrass and maygrass. Chenopodium berlandieri and Phalaris caroliniana are crops originating from Pre-Columbian North America.

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Phytochemical

Phytochemicals are chemical compounds produced by plants, generally to help them resist fungi, bacteria and plant virus infections, and also consumption by insects and other animals.

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Poaceae

Poaceae, also called Gramineae, is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as grasses.

See Chenopodium berlandieri and Poaceae

Polygonum erectum

Polygonum erectum, commonly called erect knotweed, is a North American species of herbaceous plant in the buckwheat family (Polygonaceae). Chenopodium berlandieri and Polygonum erectum are crops originating from Pre-Columbian North America, Flora of Canada, Flora of the United States, plants used in Native American cuisine and pseudocereals.

See Chenopodium berlandieri and Polygonum erectum

Prehistory

Prehistory, also called pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the first known use of stone tools by hominins million years ago and the beginning of recorded history with the invention of writing systems.

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Preservative

A preservative is a substance or a chemical that is added to products such as food products, beverages, pharmaceutical drugs, paints, biological samples, cosmetics, wood, and many other products to prevent decomposition by microbial growth or by undesirable chemical changes.

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Progenitor

In genealogy, the progenitor (rarer: primogenitor; Stammvater or Ahnherr) is the – sometimes legendary – founder of a family, line of descent, clan or tribe, noble house, or ethnic group.

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Pseudocereal

A pseudocereal or pseudograin is one of any non-grasses that are used in much the same way as cereals (true cereals are grasses). Chenopodium berlandieri and pseudocereal are pseudocereals.

See Chenopodium berlandieri and Pseudocereal

Quercetin

Quercetin is a plant flavonol from the flavonoid group of polyphenols.

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Quinoa

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa;, from Quechua kinwa or kinuwa) is a flowering plant in the amaranth family. Chenopodium berlandieri and quinoa are Chenopodium, crops originating from Pre-Columbian North America, leaf vegetables and pseudocereals.

See Chenopodium berlandieri and Quinoa

Radicle

In botany, the radicle is the first part of a seedling (a growing plant embryo) to emerge from the seed during the process of germination.

See Chenopodium berlandieri and Radicle

Reactive oxygen species

In chemistry and biology, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive chemicals formed from diatomic oxygen, water, and hydrogen peroxide.

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Rheumatism

Rheumatism or rheumatic disorders are conditions causing chronic, often intermittent pain affecting the joints or connective tissue.

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Rock shelter

A rock shelter (also rockhouse, crepuscular cave, bluff shelter, or abri) is a shallow cave-like opening at the base of a bluff or cliff.

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Salts Cave Archeological Site

Salts Cave Archeological Site, near Munfordville, Kentucky, is a cave and archeological site which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

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San Juan Mountains

The San Juan Mountains is a high and rugged mountain range in the Rocky Mountains in southwestern Colorado and northwestern New Mexico.

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Saponin

Saponins (Latin "sapon", soap + "-in", one of), also selectively referred to as triterpene glycosides, are bitter-tasting usually toxic plant-derived organic chemicals that have a foamy quality when agitated in water.

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Sedentism

In cultural anthropology, sedentism (sometimes called sedentariness; compare sedentarism) is the practice of living in one place for a long time.

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Seed

In botany, a seed is a plant embryo and food reserve enclosed in a protective outer covering called a seed coat (testa).

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Shoot (botany)

In botany, a plant shoot consists of any plant stem together with its appendages like leaves, lateral buds, flowering stems, and flower buds.

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Soil

Soil, also commonly referred to as earth or dirt, is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support the life of plants and soil organisms.

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South America

South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere.

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Species distribution

Species distribution, or species dispersion, is the manner in which a biological taxon is spatially arranged.

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Spinach

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is a leafy green flowering plant native to central and Western Asia. Chenopodium berlandieri and Spinach are leaf vegetables.

See Chenopodium berlandieri and Spinach

Stamen

The stamen (stamina or stamens) is the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.

See Chenopodium berlandieri and Stamen

Subsistence economy

A subsistence economy is an economy directed to basic subsistence, the provision of food, clothing, shelter rather than to the market.

See Chenopodium berlandieri and Subsistence economy

Subspecies

In biological classification, subspecies (subspecies) is a rank below species, used for populations that live in different areas and vary in size, shape, or other physical characteristics (morphology), but that can successfully interbreed.

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Tennessee

Tennessee, officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked state in the Southeastern region of the United States.

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Triazine

Triazines are a class of nitrogen-containing heterocycles.

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Type (biology)

In biology, a type is a particular specimen (or in some cases a group of specimens) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally associated.

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U.S. state

In the United States, a state is a constituent political entity, of which there are 50.

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Variety (botany)

In botanical nomenclature, variety (abbreviated var.; in varietas) is a taxonomic rank below that of species and subspecies, but above that of form.

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Weed

A weed is a plant considered undesirable in a particular situation, growing where it conflicts with human preferences, needs, or goals.

See Chenopodium berlandieri and Weed

Winnowing

Winnowing is a process by which chaff is separated from grain.

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See also

Chenopodium

Crops originating from Pre-Columbian North America

Crops originating from indigenous Americans

Mesoamerican cuisine

Pre-Columbian Great Plains cuisine

Pseudocereals

Stem vegetables

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chenopodium_berlandieri

Also known as Pitseed Goosefoot, Southern Huauzontle.

, Genetic distance, Gluten, Glyphosate-based herbicides, Gout, Gristmill, Grits, Harvest, Hawaii, Helianthus, Herbaceous plant, Herbicide, Hermaphrodite, Hoarding (animal behavior), Hordeum pusillum, Hybrid (biology), Hypocotyl, Indigenous peoples of the Eastern Woodlands, Inorganic compound, Intestinal parasite infection, Introgression, Iva annua, Jean-Louis Berlandier, Kaempferol, Kentucky, Kidney stone disease, Knotweed, Leaf, Leaf vegetable, Linoleic acid, Linolenic acid, Maize, Mexico, Michoacán, Micrometre, Micronutrient, Nahuatl, Natchez people, Native Americans in the United States, Neontology, North America, Nutrient, Ohio River, Oleic acid, Ovary (botany), Ovule, Oxalic acid, Paleofeces, Pancake, Panicle, PH, Phalaris caroliniana, Phytochemical, Poaceae, Polygonum erectum, Prehistory, Preservative, Progenitor, Pseudocereal, Quercetin, Quinoa, Radicle, Reactive oxygen species, Rheumatism, Rock shelter, Salts Cave Archeological Site, San Juan Mountains, Saponin, Sedentism, Seed, Shoot (botany), Soil, South America, Species distribution, Spinach, Stamen, Subsistence economy, Subspecies, Tennessee, Triazine, Type (biology), U.S. state, Variety (botany), Weed, Winnowing.