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Chiasm (anatomy), the Glossary

In anatomy a chiasm is the spot where two structures cross, forming an X-shape.^[1]

49 relations: Agnatha, Amniote, Anatomical terms of location, Anatomy, Axon, Bird, Camera obscura, Central nervous system, Cephalopod, Cephalopod eye, Chi (letter), Chiasmal syndrome, Chiasmatic groove, Contralateral brain, Cranial nerves, Decussation, Flexor digitorum longus muscle, Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle, Ganglion, Hagfish, Homology (biology), Insect, Insect morphology, Invertebrate, Lamprey, Loligo, Mammal, Midbrain, Motor nerve, Muscle, Nerve, Neural circuit, Neuroanatomy, Nucleus (neuroanatomy), Octopus, Oculomotor nerve, Optic chiasm, Optic radiation, Optic tract, Retina, Sagittal plane, Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Squid, Superior colliculus, Superior oblique muscle, Tendon, Thalamus, Trochlear nerve, Vertebrate.
Nerves
Optic nerve
Peripheral nervous system
Soft tissue

Agnatha

Agnatha is an infraphylum of jawless fish in the phylum Chordata, subphylum Vertebrata, consisting of both living (cyclostomes) and extinct (conodonts, anaspids, and ostracoderms) species.

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Amniote

Amniotes are tetrapod vertebrate animals belonging to the clade Amniota, a large group that comprises the vast majority of living terrestrial and semiaquatic vertebrates.

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Anatomical terms of location

Standard anatomical terms of location are used to unambiguously describe the anatomy of animals, including humans.

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Anatomy

Anatomy is the branch of morphology concerned with the study of the internal structure of organisms and their parts.

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An axon (from Greek ἄξων áxōn, axis) or nerve fiber (or nerve fibre: see spelling differences) is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, in vertebrates, that typically conducts electrical impulses known as action potentials away from the nerve cell body.

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Bird

Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves, characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton.

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Camera obscura

A camera obscura is a darkened room with a small hole or lens at one side through which an image is projected onto a wall or table opposite the hole.

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Central nervous system

The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting primarily of the brain and spinal cord. Chiasm (anatomy) and central nervous system are neuroanatomy.

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Cephalopod

A cephalopod is any member of the molluscan class Cephalopoda (Greek plural κεφαλόποδες,; "head-feet") such as a squid, octopus, cuttlefish, or nautilus.

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Cephalopod eye

Cephalopods, as active marine predators, possess sensory organs specialized for use in aquatic conditions.

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Chi (letter)

Chi (uppercase Χ, lowercase χ; χῖ) is the twenty-second letter of the Greek alphabet.

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Chiasmal syndrome

Chiasmal syndrome is the set of signs and symptoms that are associated with lesions of the optic chiasm, manifesting as various impairments of the affected's visual field according to the location of the lesion along the optic nerve.

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Chiasmatic groove

The chiasmatic groove (chiasmatic sulcus, optic groove, prechiasmatic sulcus) is a transverse groove upon the superior aspect of the body of sphenoid bone within the middle cranial fossa. It is bounded anteriorly by the sphenoidal limbus (a variably prominent ridge also representing the posterior boundary of the sphenoidal jugum), and posteriorly by the tuberculum sellae.

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Contralateral brain

The contralateral organization of the forebrain (Latin: contra‚ against; latus‚ side; lateral‚ sided) is the property that the hemispheres of the cerebrum and the thalamus represent mainly the contralateral side of the body.

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Cranial nerves

Cranial nerves are the nerves that emerge directly from the brain (including the brainstem), of which there are conventionally considered twelve pairs.

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Decussation

Decussation is used in biological contexts to describe a crossing (due to the shape of the Roman numeral for ten, an uppercase 'X' (decussis)). In Latin anatomical terms, the form decussatio is used, e.g. decussatio pyramidum.

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Flexor digitorum longus muscle

The flexor digitorum longus muscle is situated on the tibial side of the leg.

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Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle

Flexor digitorum superficialis (flexor digitorum sublimis) is an extrinsic flexor muscle of the fingers at the proximal interphalangeal joints.

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Ganglion

A ganglion (ganglia) is a group of neuron cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system.

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Hagfish

Hagfish, of the class Myxini (also known as Hyperotreti) and order Myxiniformes, are eel-shaped jawless fish (occasionally called slime eels).

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Homology (biology)

In biology, homology is similarity due to shared ancestry between a pair of structures or genes in different taxa.

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Insect

Insects (from Latin insectum) are hexapod invertebrates of the class Insecta.

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Insect morphology

Insect morphology is the study and description of the physical form of insects.

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Invertebrate

Invertebrates is an umbrella term describing animals that neither develop nor retain a vertebral column (commonly known as a spine or backbone), which evolved from the notochord.

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Lamprey

Lampreys (sometimes inaccurately called lamprey eels) are a group of jawless fish comprising the order Petromyzontiformes.

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Loligo

Loligo is a genus of squid and one of the most representative and widely distributed groups of myopsid squid.

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Mammal

A mammal is a vertebrate animal of the class Mammalia.

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Midbrain

The midbrain or mesencephalon is the rostral-most portion of the brainstem connecting the diencephalon and cerebrum with the pons. It consists of the cerebral peduncles, tegmentum, and tectum.

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Motor nerve

A motor nerve, or efferent nerve, is a nerve that contains exclusively efferent nerve fibers and transmits motor signals from the central nervous system (CNS) to the muscles of the body.

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Muscle

Muscle is a soft tissue, one of the four basic types of animal tissue.

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Nerve

A nerve is an enclosed, cable-like bundle of nerve fibers (called axons) in the peripheral nervous system. Chiasm (anatomy) and nerve are nerves, neuroanatomy, peripheral nervous system and soft tissue.

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Neural circuit

A neural circuit is a population of neurons interconnected by synapses to carry out a specific function when activated.

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Neuroanatomy

Neuroanatomy is the study of the structure and organization of the nervous system.

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Nucleus (neuroanatomy)

In neuroanatomy, a nucleus (nuclei) is a cluster of neurons in the central nervous system, located deep within the cerebral hemispheres and brainstem. Chiasm (anatomy) and nucleus (neuroanatomy) are neuroanatomy.

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Octopus

An octopus (octopuses or octopodes) is a soft-bodied, eight-limbed mollusc of the order Octopoda. The order consists of some 300 species and is grouped within the class Cephalopoda with squids, cuttlefish, and nautiloids.

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Oculomotor nerve

The oculomotor nerve, also known as the third cranial nerve, cranial nerve III, or simply CN III, is a cranial nerve that enters the orbit through the superior orbital fissure and innervates extraocular muscles that enable most movements of the eye and that raise the eyelid.

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Optic chiasm

In neuroanatomy, the optic chiasm, or optic chiasma, is the part of the brain where the optic nerves cross. Chiasm (anatomy) and optic chiasm are optic nerve.

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Optic radiation

In neuroanatomy, the optic radiation (also known as the geniculocalcarine tract, the geniculostriate pathway, and posterior thalamic radiation) are axons from the neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus to the primary visual cortex.

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Optic tract

In neuroanatomy, the optic tract is a part of the visual system in the brain.

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Retina

The retina (or retinas) is the innermost, light-sensitive layer of tissue of the eye of most vertebrates and some molluscs.

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Sagittal plane

The sagittal plane (also known as the longitudinal plane) is an anatomical plane that divides the body into right and left sections.

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Santiago Ramón y Cajal

Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1 May 1852 – 17 October 1934) was a Spanish neuroscientist, pathologist, and histologist specializing in neuroanatomy and the central nervous system.

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Squid

A squid (squid) is a mollusc with an elongated soft body, large eyes, eight arms, and two tentacles in the orders Myopsida, Oegopsida, and Bathyteuthida.

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Superior colliculus

In neuroanatomy, the superior colliculus is a structure lying on the roof of the mammalian midbrain.

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Superior oblique muscle

The superior oblique muscle or obliquus oculi superior is a fusiform muscle originating in the upper, medial side of the orbit (i.e. from beside the nose) which abducts, depresses and internally rotates the eye.

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Tendon

A tendon or sinew is a tough band of dense fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone. Chiasm (anatomy) and tendon are soft tissue.

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Thalamus

The thalamus (thalami; from Greek θάλαμος, "chamber") is a large mass of gray matter on the lateral walls of the third ventricle forming the dorsal part of the diencephalon (a division of the forebrain).

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Trochlear nerve

The trochlear nerve, (lit. pulley-like nerve) also known as the fourth cranial nerve, cranial nerve IV, or CN IV, is a cranial nerve that innervates a single muscle - the superior oblique muscle of the eye (which operates through the pulley-like trochlea).

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Vertebrate

Vertebrates are deuterostomal animals with bony or cartilaginous axial endoskeleton — known as the vertebral column, spine or backbone — around and along the spinal cord, including all fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiasm_(anatomy)

Chiasm (anatomy), the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Nerves

Optic nerve

Peripheral nervous system

Soft tissue

References