Anti-Judaism, the Glossary
Anti-Judaism is a term which is used to describe a range of historic and current ideologies which are totally or partially based on opposition to Judaism, on the denial or the abrogation of the Mosaic covenant, and the replacement of Jewish people by the adherents of another religion, political theology, or way of life which is held to have superseded theirs as the "light to the nations" or God's chosen people.[1]
Table of Contents
299 relations: Abraham, Abrogation of Old Covenant laws, Aelia Capitolina, Age of Enlightenment, Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, Albigensian Crusade, Alister McGrath, Almohad Caliphate, Amalric of Bena, Ambrose, Anastasius Sinaita, Ancient Egypt, Anti-capitalism, Anti-Catholicism, Anti-Christian sentiment, Anti-clericalism, Anti-Mormonism, Anti-Protestantism, Anti-Semite and Jew, Anti-Shi'ism, Anti-Sunnism, Anti-Zionism, Antioch, Antipater the Idumaean, Antireligion, Antisemitism, Antitheism, Antoninus Pius, Apologetics, Apostolic Brethren, Aquila of Sinope, Augustine of Hippo, Babylonia, Beguines and Beghards, Bernardine of Feltre, Biblical studies, Blood libel, Brill Publishers, Byzantine Empire, Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628, Caligula, Caliphate, Canon law, Castile (historical region), Catharism, Census of Quirinius, Chosen people, Christendom, Christian observances of Jewish holidays, Christian views on the Old Covenant, ... Expand index (249 more) »
Abraham
Abraham (originally Abram) is the common Hebrew patriarch of the Abrahamic religions, including Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
Abrogation of Old Covenant laws
In Christianity, the abrogation of Old Covenant laws is the belief that the entire Mosaic or Old Covenant as abrogated in that all of the Mosaic Laws are set aside for the Law of Christ.
See Anti-Judaism and Abrogation of Old Covenant laws
Aelia Capitolina
Aelia Capitolina (full name in Colonia Aelia Capitolina) was a Roman colony founded during Emperor Hadrian's visit to Judaea in 129/130 AD, centered around Jerusalem, which had been almost totally razed after the siege of 70 AD.
See Anti-Judaism and Aelia Capitolina
Age of Enlightenment
The Age of Enlightenment (also the Age of Reason and the Enlightenment) was the intellectual and philosophical movement that occurred in Europe in the 17th and the 18th centuries.
See Anti-Judaism and Age of Enlightenment
Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah
Abu Ali al-Mansur (13 August 985 – 13 February 1021), better known by his regnal name al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah (translit), was the sixth Fatimid caliph and 16th Ismaili imam (996–1021).
See Anti-Judaism and Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah
Albigensian Crusade
The Albigensian Crusade or Cathar Crusade (1209–1229) was a military and ideological campaign initiated by Pope Innocent III to eliminate Catharism in Languedoc, what is now southern France.
See Anti-Judaism and Albigensian Crusade
Alister McGrath
Alister Edgar McGrath (born 1953) is a Northern Irish theologian, Anglican priest, intellectual historian, scientist, Christian apologist, and public intellectual.
See Anti-Judaism and Alister McGrath
Almohad Caliphate
The Almohad Caliphate (خِلَافَةُ ٱلْمُوَحِّدِينَ or دَوْلَةُ ٱلْمُوَحِّدِينَ or ٱلدَّوْلَةُ ٱلْمُوَحِّدِيَّةُ from unity of God) or Almohad Empire was a North African Berber Muslim empire founded in the 12th century.
See Anti-Judaism and Almohad Caliphate
Amalric of Bena
Amalric of Bena (Amaury de Bène, Amaury de Chartres; Almaricus, Amalricus, Amauricus; died) was a French theologian, philosopher and sect leader, after whom the Amalricians are named.
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Ambrose
Ambrose of Milan (Aurelius Ambrosius; 4 April 397), venerated as Saint Ambrose, was a theologian and statesman who served as Bishop of Milan from 374 to 397.
Anastasius Sinaita
Anastasius Sinaita (Ἀναστάσιος ὁ Σιναΐτης; died after 700), also called Anastasius of Sinai or Anastasius the Sinaite, was a Greek writer, priest and abbot of Saint Catherine's Monastery on Mount Sinai.
See Anti-Judaism and Anastasius Sinaita
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeast Africa.
See Anti-Judaism and Ancient Egypt
Anti-capitalism
Anti-capitalism is a political ideology and movement encompassing a variety of attitudes and ideas that oppose capitalism.
See Anti-Judaism and Anti-capitalism
Anti-Catholicism
Anti-Catholicism, also known as Catholophobia is hostility towards Catholics and opposition to the Catholic Church, its clergy, and its adherents.
See Anti-Judaism and Anti-Catholicism
Anti-Christian sentiment
Anti-Christian sentiment, also referred to as Christophobia or Christianophobia, constitutes the fear of, hatred of, discrimination, and/or prejudice against Christians, the Christian religion, and/or its practices.
See Anti-Judaism and Anti-Christian sentiment
Anti-clericalism
Anti-clericalism is opposition to religious authority, typically in social or political matters.
See Anti-Judaism and Anti-clericalism
Anti-Mormonism
Anti-Mormonism is often used to describe people or literature that are critical of their adherents, institutions, or beliefs, or involve physical attacks against specific Mormons, or the Latter Day Saint movement as a whole.
See Anti-Judaism and Anti-Mormonism
Anti-Protestantism
Anti-Protestantism is bias, hatred or distrust against some or all branches of Protestantism and/or its followers, especially when amplified in legal, political, ethic or military measures.
See Anti-Judaism and Anti-Protestantism
Anti-Semite and Jew
Anti-Semite and Jew (Réflexions sur la question juive, "Reflections on the Jewish Question") is an essay about antisemitism written by Jean-Paul Sartre shortly after the Liberation of Paris from German occupation in 1944.
See Anti-Judaism and Anti-Semite and Jew
Anti-Shi'ism
Anti-Shi'ism or Shiaphobia is hatred of, prejudice against, discrimination against, persecution of, and violence against Shia Muslims because of their religious beliefs, traditions, and cultural heritage.
See Anti-Judaism and Anti-Shi'ism
Anti-Sunnism
Anti-Sunnism is hatred of, prejudice against, discrimination against, persecution of, and violence against Sunni Muslims.
See Anti-Judaism and Anti-Sunnism
Anti-Zionism
Anti-Zionism is opposition to Zionism.
See Anti-Judaism and Anti-Zionism
Antioch
Antioch on the Orontes (Antiókheia hē epì Oróntou)Ἀντιόχεια ἡ ἐπὶ Ὀρόντου; or Ἀντιόχεια ἡ ἐπὶ Δάφνῃ "Antioch on Daphne"; or Ἀντιόχεια ἡ Μεγάλη "Antioch the Great"; Antiochia ad Orontem; Անտիոք Antiokʽ; ܐܢܛܝܘܟܝܐ Anṭiokya; אנטיוכיה, Anṭiyokhya; أنطاكية, Anṭākiya; انطاکیه; Antakya.
Antipater the Idumaean
Antipater I the Idumaean (113 or 114 BCE – 43 BCE) was the founder of the Herodian Dynasty and father of Herod the Great. According to Josephus, he was the son of Antipas and had formerly held that name. A native of Idumaea, a region southeast of Judah in which the Edomites settled during the classical period, Antipater became a powerful official under the later Hasmonean kings and subsequently became a client of the Roman general Pompey the Great when Pompey conquered Judah in the name of Roman Republic.
See Anti-Judaism and Antipater the Idumaean
Antireligion
Antireligion is opposition to religion or traditional religious beliefs and practices.
See Anti-Judaism and Antireligion
Antisemitism
Antisemitism (also spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism) is hostility to, prejudice towards, or discrimination against, Jews.
See Anti-Judaism and Antisemitism
Antitheism
Antitheism, also spelled anti-theism, is the philosophical position that theism should be opposed.
See Anti-Judaism and Antitheism
Antoninus Pius
Titus Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Pius (19 September AD 86 – 7 March 161) was Roman emperor from AD 138 to 161.
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Apologetics
Apologetics (from Greek label) is the religious discipline of defending religious doctrines through systematic argumentation and discourse.
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Apostolic Brethren
The Apostolic Brethren (sometimes referred to as Apostolici, Apostoli, or Apostolics) were a Christian sect founded in northern Italy in the latter half of the 13th century by Gerard Segarelli, a native of Alzano in the territory of Parma.
See Anti-Judaism and Apostolic Brethren
Aquila of Sinope
Aquila (Hebrew: עֲקִילַס ʿăqīlas, fl. 130 AD) of Sinope (modern-day Sinop, Turkey; Aquila Ponticus) was a translator of the Hebrew Bible into Greek, a proselyte, and disciple of Rabbi Akiva.
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Augustine of Hippo
Augustine of Hippo (Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis; 13 November 354 – 28 August 430), also known as Saint Augustine, was a theologian and philosopher of Berber origin and the bishop of Hippo Regius in Numidia, Roman North Africa.
See Anti-Judaism and Augustine of Hippo
Babylonia
Babylonia (𒆳𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠) was an ancient Akkadian-speaking state and cultural area based in the city of Babylon in central-southern Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq and parts of Syria and Iran).
See Anti-Judaism and Babylonia
Beguines and Beghards
The Beguines and the Beghards were Christian lay religious orders that were active in Western Europe, particularly in the Low Countries, in the 13th–16th centuries.
See Anti-Judaism and Beguines and Beghards
Bernardine of Feltre
Bernardine of Feltre (sometimes Bernardinus of Feltre) was a Friar Minor and missionary, b. at Feltre, Italy, in 1439 and d. at Pavia, 28 September 1494.
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Biblical studies
Biblical studies is the academic application of a set of diverse disciplines to the study of the Bible (the Old Testament and New Testament).
See Anti-Judaism and Biblical studies
Blood libel
Blood libel or ritual murder libel (also blood accusation) is an antisemitic canardTurvey, Brent E. Criminal Profiling: An Introduction to Behavioral Evidence Analysis, Academic Press, 2008, p. 3.
See Anti-Judaism and Blood libel
Brill Publishers
Brill Academic Publishers, also known as E. J. Brill, Koninklijke Brill, Brill, is a Dutch international academic publisher of books and journals.
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Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centered in Constantinople during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.
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Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628
The Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628 was the final and most devastating of the series of wars fought between the Byzantine Empire and the Persian Sasanian Empire.
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Caligula
Gaius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (31 August 12 – 24 January 41), better known by his nickname Caligula, was Roman emperor from AD 37 until his assassination in AD 41.
Caliphate
A caliphate or khilāfah (خِلَافَةْ) is a monarchical form of government (initially elective, later absolute) that originated in the 7th century Arabia, whose political identity is based on a claim of succession to the Islamic State of Muhammad and the identification of a monarch called caliph (خَلِيفَةْ) as his heir and successor.
See Anti-Judaism and Caliphate
Canon law
Canon law (from κανών, kanon, a 'straight measuring rod, ruler') is a set of ordinances and regulations made by ecclesiastical authority (church leadership) for the government of a Christian organization or church and its members.
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Castile (historical region)
Castile or Castille is a territory of imprecise limits located in Spain.
See Anti-Judaism and Castile (historical region)
Catharism
Catharism (from the katharoí, "the pure ones") was a Christian quasi-dualist or pseudo-Gnostic movement which thrived in Southern Europe, particularly in northern Italy and southern France, between the 12th and 14th centuries.
See Anti-Judaism and Catharism
Census of Quirinius
The Census of Quirinius was a census of the Roman province of Judaea taken in 6 CE, upon its formation, by the governor of Roman Syria, Publius Sulpicius Quirinius.
See Anti-Judaism and Census of Quirinius
Chosen people
Throughout history, various groups of people have considered themselves to be the chosen people of a deity, for a particular purpose.
See Anti-Judaism and Chosen people
Christendom
Christendom refers to Christian states, Christian-majority countries or countries in which Christianity is dominant or prevails.
See Anti-Judaism and Christendom
Christian observances of Jewish holidays
Some Christian groups incorporate Jewish holidays into their religious practice, typically altering and reinterpreting their observation to suit a supersessionist theology.
See Anti-Judaism and Christian observances of Jewish holidays
Christian views on the Old Covenant
The Mosaic covenant or Law of Moses which Christians generally call the "Old Covenant" (in contrast to the New Covenant) played an important role in the origins of Christianity and has occasioned serious dispute and controversy since the beginnings of Christianity: note for example Jesus' teaching of the Law during his Sermon on the Mount and the circumcision controversy in early Christianity.
See Anti-Judaism and Christian views on the Old Covenant
Christian Zionism
Christian Zionism is a political and religious ideology that, in a Christian context, espouses the return of the Jewish people to the Holy Land.
See Anti-Judaism and Christian Zionism
Christian–Jewish reconciliation
Christian−Jewish reconciliation refers to the efforts that are being made to improve understanding and acceptance between Christians and Jews.
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Christianity
Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.
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Christianity and Islam
Christianity and Islam are the two largest religions in the world, with 2.8 billion and 1.9 billion adherents, respectively.
See Anti-Judaism and Christianity and Islam
Christianity and Judaism
Christianity began as a movement within Second Temple Judaism, but the two religions gradually diverged over the first few centuries of the Christian era.
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Christianity and other religions
Christianity and other religions documents Christianity's relationship with other world religions, and the differences and similarities.
See Anti-Judaism and Christianity and other religions
Christianity and violence
Christians have had diverse attitudes towards violence and nonviolence over time.
See Anti-Judaism and Christianity and violence
Christianity as the Roman state religion
In the year before the Council of Constantinople in 381, the Trinitarian version of Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire when Emperor Theodosius I issued the Edict of Thessalonica in 380, which recognized the catholic orthodoxy of Nicene Christians as the Roman Empire's state religion.
See Anti-Judaism and Christianity as the Roman state religion
Christianity in the 13th century
Bibliothèque Nationale de France --> The Eastern Roman (Byzantine) imperial church headed by Constantinople continued to assert its universal authority.
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Christianity in the 1st century
Christianity in the 1st century covers the formative history of Christianity from the start of the ministry of Jesus (–29 AD) to the death of the last of the Twelve Apostles and is thus also known as the Apostolic Age.
See Anti-Judaism and Christianity in the 1st century
Christianity in the 5th century
In the 5th century in Christianity, there were many developments which led to further fracturing of the State church of the Roman Empire.
See Anti-Judaism and Christianity in the 5th century
Christianity in the 8th century
Christianity in the 8th century was much affected by the rise of Islam in the Middle East.
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Christianity in the ante-Nicene period
Christianity in the ante-Nicene period was the time in Christian history up to the First Council of Nicaea.
See Anti-Judaism and Christianity in the ante-Nicene period
Church Fathers
The Church Fathers, Early Church Fathers, Christian Fathers, or Fathers of the Church were ancient and influential Christian theologians and writers who established the intellectual and doctrinal foundations of Christianity.
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Circumcision
Circumcision is a procedure that removes the foreskin from the human penis.
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Circumcision controversy in early Christianity
The circumcision controversy in early Christianity played an important role in Christian theology.
See Anti-Judaism and Circumcision controversy in early Christianity
Confession of Peter
In Christianity, the Confession of Peter (translated from the Matthean Vulgate Latin section title: Confessio Petri) refers to an episode in the New Testament in which the Apostle Peter proclaims Jesus to be the Christ (Jewish Messiah).
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Constantine the Great
Constantine I (27 February 22 May 337), also known as Constantine the Great, was a Roman emperor from AD 306 to 337 and the first Roman emperor to convert to Christianity.
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Corpus Juris Civilis
The Corpus Juris (or Iuris) Civilis ("Body of Civil Law") is the modern name for a collection of fundamental works in jurisprudence, enacted from 529 to 534 by order of Byzantine Emperor Justinian I. It is also sometimes referred to metonymically after one of its parts, the Code of Justinian.
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Cosmas Indicopleustes
Cosmas Indicopleustes (lit; also known as Cosmas the Monk) was a merchant and later hermit from Alexandria in Egypt.
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Council of Jerusalem
The Council of Jerusalem or Apostolic Council is a council described in chapter 15 of the Acts of the Apostles, held in Jerusalem around.
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Criticism of Christianity
Criticism of Christianity has a long history which stretches back to the initial formation of the religion in the Roman Empire.
See Anti-Judaism and Criticism of Christianity
Criticism of Islam
Criticism of Islam, including of Islamic beliefs, practices, and doctrines, can take many forms, including academic critiques, political criticism, religious criticism, and personal opinions.
See Anti-Judaism and Criticism of Islam
Criticism of Israel
Criticism of Israel is a subject of journalistic and scholarly commentary and research within the scope of international relations theory, expressed in terms of political science.
See Anti-Judaism and Criticism of Israel
Criticism of Judaism
Early criticism of Judaism and its texts, laws, and practices originated in inter-faith polemics between Christianity and Judaism.
See Anti-Judaism and Criticism of Judaism
Criticism of religion
Criticism of religion involves criticism of the validity, concept, or ideas of religion.
See Anti-Judaism and Criticism of religion
Cyprian
Cyprian (Thascius Caecilius Cyprianus; ca. 210 to 14 September 258 ADThe Liturgy of the Hours according to the Roman Rite: Vol. IV. New York: Catholic Book Publishing Company, 1975. p. 1406.) was a bishop of Carthage and an early Christian writer of Berber descent, many of whose Latin works are extant.
Cyril of Alexandria
Cyril of Alexandria (Κύριλλος Ἀλεξανδρείας; Ⲡⲁⲡⲁ Ⲕⲩⲣⲓⲗⲗⲟⲩ ⲁ̅or ⲡⲓ̀ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ Ⲕⲓⲣⲓⲗⲗⲟⲥ; 376–444) was the Patriarch of Alexandria from 412 to 444.
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Cyril of Jerusalem
Cyril of Jerusalem (Κύριλλος Α΄ Ἱεροσολύμων, Kýrillos A Ierosolýmon; Cyrillus Hierosolymitanus; 386) was a theologian of the Early Church.
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David Nirenberg
David Nirenberg is a medievalist and intellectual historian.
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David of Dinant
David of Dinant (1160 – c. 1217) was a pantheistic philosopher.
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Decius
Gaius Messius Quintus Trajanus Decius (201June 251), known as Trajan Decius or simply Decius, was Roman emperor from 249 to 251.
Development of the Old Testament canon
The Old Testament is the first section of the two-part Christian biblical canon; the second section is the New Testament.
See Anti-Judaism and Development of the Old Testament canon
Diodorus of Tarsus
Diodore of Tarsus (Greek Διόδωρος ὁ Ταρσεύς; died c. 390) was a Christian bishop, a monastic reformer, and a theologian.
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Dominican Order
The Order of Preachers (Ordo Prædicatorum; abbreviated OP), commonly known as the Dominican Order, is a Catholic mendicant order of pontifical right that was founded in France by a Castilian-French priest named Dominic de Guzmán.
See Anti-Judaism and Dominican Order
Domitian
Domitian (Domitianus; 24 October 51 – 18 September 96) was Roman emperor from 81 to 96.
Douglas R. A. Hare
Douglas R. A. Hare was a naturalized American professor and writer.
See Anti-Judaism and Douglas R. A. Hare
Early Christianity
Early Christianity, otherwise called the Early Church or Paleo-Christianity, describes the historical era of the Christian religion up to the First Council of Nicaea in 325.
See Anti-Judaism and Early Christianity
Early Muslim conquests
The early Muslim conquests or early Islamic conquests (translit), also known as the Arab conquests, were initiated in the 7th century by Muhammad, the founder of Islam.
See Anti-Judaism and Early Muslim conquests
Ebionites
Ebionites (Ebiōnaîoi, derived from Hebrew,, meaning 'the poor' or 'poor ones') as a term refers to a Jewish Christian sect that existed during the early centuries of the Common Era, whose name may have been taken from the first group of people mentioned in the Beatitudes of Jesus as blessed and meriting entry in the coming Kingdom of God on Earth.
See Anti-Judaism and Ebionites
Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
The ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople (translit) is the archbishop of Constantinople and primus inter pares (first among equals) among the heads of the several autocephalous churches that compose the Eastern Orthodox Church.
See Anti-Judaism and Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
Edict of Milan
The Edict of Milan (Edictum Mediolanense; Διάταγμα τῶν Μεδιολάνων, Diatagma tōn Mediolanōn) was the February 313 AD agreement to treat Christians benevolently within the Roman Empire.
See Anti-Judaism and Edict of Milan
Edict of Thessalonica
The Edict of Thessalonica (also known as Cunctos populos), issued on 27 February AD 380 by Theodosius I, made Nicene Christianity the state church of the Roman Empire.
See Anti-Judaism and Edict of Thessalonica
Encyclopaedia of Islam
The Encyclopaedia of Islam (EI) is a reference work that facilitates the academic study of Islam.
See Anti-Judaism and Encyclopaedia of Islam
Epiphanius of Salamis
Epiphanius of Salamis (Ἐπιφάνιος; c. 310–320 – 403) was the bishop of Salamis, Cyprus, at the end of the 4th century.
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Epistle to Diognetus
The Epistle to Diognetus (Πρὸς Διόγνητον Ἐπιστολή) is an example of Christian apologetics, writings defending Christianity against the charges of its critics.
See Anti-Judaism and Epistle to Diognetus
Ethnicity
An ethnicity or ethnic group is a group of people who identify with each other on the basis of perceived shared attributes that distinguish them from other groups.
See Anti-Judaism and Ethnicity
Eusebius
Eusebius of Caesarea (Εὐσέβιος τῆς Καισαρείας; 260/265 – 30 May 339), also known as Eusebius Pamphilus (from the Εὐσέβιος τοῦ Παμφίλου), was a Greek Syro-Palestinian historian of Christianity, exegete, and Christian polemicist.
Excommunication
Excommunication is an institutional act of religious censure used to deprive, suspend, or limit membership in a religious community or to restrict certain rights within it, in particular those of being in communion with other members of the congregation, and of receiving the sacraments.
See Anti-Judaism and Excommunication
Fatimid Caliphate
The Fatimid Caliphate or Fatimid Empire (al-Khilāfa al-Fāṭimiyya) was a caliphate extant from the tenth to the twelfth centuries CE under the rule of the Fatimids, an Isma'ili Shia dynasty.
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Fiscus Judaicus
The fiscus Iudaicus or Judaicus (Latin for "Jewish tax") was a tax imposed on Jews in the Roman Empire after the destruction of Jerusalem and its Temple in AD 70.
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Fuero
Fuero, Fur, Foro or Foru is a Spanish legal term and concept.
Gavin I. Langmuir
Gavin I. Langmuir (April 2, 1924 – July 10, 2005) was a Canadian medievalist historian.
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Gennadius of Massilia
Gennadius of Massilia (died c. 496), also known as Gennadius Scholasticus or Gennadius Massiliensis, was a 5th-century Christian priest, monk, and historian.
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Gilyonim
Gilyonim, or avon gilyon, are terms used by the Mishnah and Talmud to refer to certain heretical works.
God
In monotheistic belief systems, God is usually viewed as the supreme being, creator, and principal object of faith.
Golden calf
According to the Torah and the Quran, the golden calf (ʿēḡel hazzāhāḇ) was a cult image made by the Israelites when Moses went up to Mount Sinai.
See Anti-Judaism and Golden calf
Gospel
Gospel (εὐαγγέλιον; evangelium) originally meant the Christian message ("the gospel"), but in the 2nd century it came to be used also for the books in which the message was reported.
Greco-Roman world
The Greco-Roman civilization (also Greco-Roman culture or Greco-Latin culture; spelled Graeco-Roman in the Commonwealth), as understood by modern scholars and writers, includes the geographical regions and countries that culturally—and so historically—were directly and intimately influenced by the language, culture, government and religion of the Greeks and Romans.
See Anti-Judaism and Greco-Roman world
Greek language
Greek (Elliniká,; Hellēnikḗ) is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus, Italy (in Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean.
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Gregory of Nyssa
Gregory of Nyssa, also known as Gregory Nyssen (Γρηγόριος Νύσσης or Γρηγόριος Νυσσηνός; c. 335 – c. 394), was Bishop of Nyssa in Cappadocia from 372 to 376 and from 378 until his death in 394.
See Anti-Judaism and Gregory of Nyssa
Groups claiming affiliation with Israelites
Several groups of people have claimed lineal descent from the Israelites (or Hebrews), an ancient Semitic-speaking people who inhabited Canaan during the Iron Age.
See Anti-Judaism and Groups claiming affiliation with Israelites
Hadith terminology
Hadith terminology (muṣṭalaḥu l-ḥadīth) is the body of terminology in Islam which specifies the acceptability of the sayings (hadith) attributed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad by other early Islamic figures of significance such as the companions and followers/successors.
See Anti-Judaism and Hadith terminology
Hadrian
Hadrian (Publius Aelius Hadrianus; 24 January 76 – 10 July 138) was Roman emperor from 117 to 138.
Halakha
Halakha (translit), also transliterated as halacha, halakhah, and halocho, is the collective body of Jewish religious laws that are derived from the Written and Oral Torah.
Hava Lazarus-Yafeh
Hava Lazarus–Yafeh (1930–1998) was a German-born Israeli Orientalist, scholar, editor, and educator.
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Hebrew Bible
The Hebrew Bible or Tanakh (. Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary. Hebrew), also known in Hebrew as Miqra (Hebrew), is the canonical collection of Hebrew scriptures, comprising the Torah, the Nevi'im, and the Ketuvim.
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Hilary of Poitiers
Hilary of Poitiers (Hilarius Pictaviensis) was Bishop of Poitiers and a Doctor of the Church.
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History of ancient Israel and Judah
The history of ancient Israel and Judah spans from the early appearance of the Israelites in Canaan's hill country during the late second millennium BCE, to the establishment and subsequent downfall of the two Israelite kingdoms in the mid-first millennium BCE.
See Anti-Judaism and History of ancient Israel and Judah
History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance
The history of Christian thought has included concepts of both inclusivity and exclusivity from its beginnings, that have been understood and applied differently in different ages, and have led to practices of both persecution and toleration.
See Anti-Judaism and History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance
History of Christianity
The history of Christianity follows the Christian religion as it developed from its earliest beliefs and practices in the first-century, spread geographically in the Roman Empire and beyond, and became a global religion in the twenty-first century.
See Anti-Judaism and History of Christianity
History of Islam
The history of Islam concerns the political, social, economic, military, and cultural developments of the Islamic civilization.
See Anti-Judaism and History of Islam
History of Israel
The history of Israel covers an area of the Southern Levant also known as Canaan, Palestine or the Holy Land, which is the geographical location of the modern states of Israel and Palestine.
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History of religion
The history of religion refers to the written record of human religious feelings, thoughts, and ideas.
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History of Zionism
As an organized nationalist movement, Zionism is generally considered to have been founded by Theodor Herzl in 1897.
See Anti-Judaism and History of Zionism
Holy of Holies
The Holy of Holies (Qōḏeš haqQŏḏāšīm or Kodesh HaKodashim; also הַדְּבִיר hadDəḇīr, 'the Sanctuary') is a term in the Hebrew Bible that refers to the inner sanctuary of the Tabernacle, where the Shekhinah (God's presence) appeared.
See Anti-Judaism and Holy of Holies
Homily
A homily (from Greek ὁμιλία, homilía) is a commentary that follows a reading of scripture, giving the "public explanation of a sacred doctrine" or text.
Hosius of Corduba
Hosius of Corduba (c. 256–359), also known as Osius or Ossius, was a bishop of Corduba (now Córdoba, Spain) and an important and prominent advocate for Homoousion Christianity in the Arian controversy that divided the early Christianity.
See Anti-Judaism and Hosius of Corduba
Hussites
Catholic crusaders in the 15th century The Lands of the Bohemian Crown during the Hussite Wars. The movement began in Prague and quickly spread south and then through the rest of the Kingdom of Bohemia. Eventually, it expanded into the remaining domains of the Bohemian Crown as well. The Hussites (Czech: Husité or Kališníci, "Chalice People"; Latin: Hussitae) were a Czech proto-Protestant Christian movement that followed the teachings of reformer Jan Hus (fl.
Hyperbole
Hyperbole (adj. hyperbolic) is the use of exaggeration as a rhetorical device or figure of speech.
See Anti-Judaism and Hyperbole
Hyrcanus II
John Hyrcanus II (Yohanan Hurqanos; died 30 BCE), a member of the Hasmonean dynasty, was for a long time the Jewish High Priest in the 1st century BCE.
See Anti-Judaism and Hyrcanus II
Ibn Hazm
Ibn Hazm (November 994 – 15 August 1064) was an Andalusian Muslim polymath, historian, traditionist, jurist, philosopher, and theologian, born in the Córdoban Caliphate, present-day Spain.
Imams of Yemen
The Imams of Yemen, later also titled the Kings of Yemen, were religiously consecrated leaders (imams) belonging to the Zaidi branch of Shia Islam.
See Anti-Judaism and Imams of Yemen
Infidel
An infidel (literally "unfaithful") is a person who is accused of disbelief in the central tenets of one's own religion, such as members of another religion, or irreligious people.
Inquisition
The Inquisition was a judicial procedure and a group of institutions within the Catholic Church whose aim was to combat heresy, apostasy, blasphemy, witchcraft, and customs considered deviant.
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Isidore of Seville
Isidore of Seville (Isidorus Hispalensis; 4 April 636) was a Hispano-Roman scholar, theologian, and archbishop of Seville.
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Islam and other religions
Over the centuries of Islamic history, Muslim rulers, Islamic scholars, and ordinary Muslims have held many different attitudes towards other religions.
See Anti-Judaism and Islam and other religions
Islam and violence
The use of politically and religiously-motivated violence dates back to the early history of Islam.
See Anti-Judaism and Islam and violence
Islamic Golden Age
The Islamic Golden Age was a period of scientific, economic and cultural flourishing in the history of Islam, traditionally dated from the 8th century to the 13th century.
See Anti-Judaism and Islamic Golden Age
Islamic–Jewish relations
Islamic–Jewish relations comprise the human and diplomatic relations between Jewish people and Muslims in the Arabian Peninsula, Northern Africa, the Middle East, and their surrounding regions.
See Anti-Judaism and Islamic–Jewish relations
Islamophobia
Islamophobia is the irrational fear of, hostility towards, or prejudice against the religion of Islam or Muslims in general.
See Anti-Judaism and Islamophobia
Israelites
The Israelites were a group of Semitic-speaking tribes in the ancient Near East who, during the Iron Age, inhabited a part of Canaan.
See Anti-Judaism and Israelites
James, brother of Jesus
James the Just, or a variation of James, brother of the Lord (Iacobus from יעקב, and Ἰάκωβος,, can also be Anglicized as "Jacob"), was a brother of Jesus, according to the New Testament.
See Anti-Judaism and James, brother of Jesus
Jan Žižka
Jan Žižka z Trocnova a Kalicha (John Zizka of Trocnov and the Chalice; 1360 – 11 October 1424) was a Czech general who was a contemporary and follower of Jan Hus and was a Radical Hussite and led the Taborites.
See Anti-Judaism and Jan Žižka
Jean-Paul Sartre
Jean-Paul Charles Aymard Sartre (21 June 1905 – 15 April 1980) was a French philosopher, playwright, novelist, screenwriter, political activist, biographer, and literary critic, considered a leading figure in 20th-century French philosophy and Marxism.
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Jeanne Favret-Saada
Jeanne Favret-Saada, born in 1934 in Tunisia, is a French ethnologist.
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Jerome
Jerome (Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus; Εὐσέβιος Σωφρόνιος Ἱερώνυμος; – 30 September 420), also known as Jerome of Stridon, was an early Christian priest, confessor, theologian, translator, and historian; he is commonly known as Saint Jerome.
Jerusalem
Jerusalem is a city in the Southern Levant, on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea.
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Jerusalem in Christianity
Jerusalem's role in first-century Christianity, during the ministry of Jesus and the Apostolic Age, as recorded in the New Testament, gives it great importance, both culturally and religiously, in Christianity.
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Jerusalem in Judaism
Since the 10th century BCE, Jerusalem has been the holiest city, focus and spiritual center of the Jews.
See Anti-Judaism and Jerusalem in Judaism
Jesus
Jesus (AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ, Jesus of Nazareth, and many other names and titles, was a first-century Jewish preacher and religious leader.
Jewish Christianity
Jewish Christians were the followers of a Jewish religious sect that emerged in Judea during the late Second Temple period (first century AD).
See Anti-Judaism and Jewish Christianity
Jewish deicide
Jewish deicide is the theological position, widely regarded as antisemitic, that the Jews as a people are collectively responsible for the killing of Jesus, even through the successive generations following his death.
See Anti-Judaism and Jewish deicide
Jewish history
Jewish history is the history of the Jews, their nation, religion, and culture, as it developed and interacted with other peoples, religions, and cultures.
See Anti-Judaism and Jewish history
Jewish philosophy
Jewish philosophy includes all philosophy carried out by Jews, or in relation to the religion of Judaism.
See Anti-Judaism and Jewish philosophy
Jewish religious movements
Jewish religious movements, sometimes called "denominations", include diverse groups within Judaism which have developed among Jews from ancient times.
See Anti-Judaism and Jewish religious movements
Jewish revolt against Constantius Gallus
The Jewish revolt against Constantius Gallus, also known as the Gallus Revolt, erupted during the Roman civil war of 350–353, upon destabilization across the Roman Empire.
See Anti-Judaism and Jewish revolt against Constantius Gallus
Jewish revolt against Heraclius
The Jewish revolt against Heraclius was part of the Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628 and is considered the last serious Jewish attempt to regain autonomy in Palaestina Prima prior to modern times.
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Jewish schisms
Schisms among the Jews are cultural as well as religious.
See Anti-Judaism and Jewish schisms
Jewish views on religious pluralism
Religious pluralism is a set of religious world views that hold that one's religion is not the sole and exclusive source of truth, and thus recognizes that some level of truth and value exists in other religions.
See Anti-Judaism and Jewish views on religious pluralism
Jewish–Roman wars
The Jewish–Roman wars were a series of large-scale revolts by the Jews of Judaea and the Eastern Mediterranean against the Roman Empire between 66 and 135 CE.
See Anti-Judaism and Jewish–Roman wars
Jews
The Jews (יְהוּדִים) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites of the ancient Near East, and whose traditional religion is Judaism.
John Chrysostom
John Chrysostom (Ἰωάννης ὁ Χρυσόστομος; 14 September 407 AD) was an important Early Church Father who served as Archbishop of Constantinople.
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John of Capistrano
John of Capistrano, OFM (San Giovanni da Capestrano, Kapisztrán János, Jan Kapistran, Ivan Kapistran; 24 June 1386 – 23 October 1456) was a Franciscan friar and Catholic priest from the Italian town of Capestrano, Abruzzo.
See Anti-Judaism and John of Capistrano
Judaea (Roman province)
Judaea (Iudaea; translit) was a Roman province from 6 to 132 AD, which incorporated the Levantine regions of Idumea, Philistia, Judea, Samaria and Galilee, extending over parts of the former regions of the Hasmonean and Herodian kingdoms of Judea.
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Judaism
Judaism (יַהֲדוּת|translit.
Judaism and violence
Judaism's doctrines and texts have sometimes been associated with violence or anti-violence.
See Anti-Judaism and Judaism and violence
Judaizers
The Judaizers were a faction of the Jewish Christians, both of Jewish and non-Jewish origins, who regarded the Levitical laws of the Old Testament as still binding on all Christians.
See Anti-Judaism and Judaizers
Julio-Claudian dynasty
The Julio-Claudian dynasty comprised the first five Roman emperors: Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, and Nero.
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Justin Martyr
Justin, known posthumously as Justin Martyr (Ioustinos ho martys), also known as Justin the Philosopher, was an early Christian apologist and philosopher.
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Justinian I
Justinian I (Iūstīniānus,; Ioustinianós,; 48214 November 565), also known as Justinian the Great, was the Eastern Roman emperor from 527 to 565.
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Karl Marx
Karl Marx (5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a German-born philosopher, political theorist, economist, historian, sociologist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist.
See Anti-Judaism and Karl Marx
Lactantius
Lucius Caecilius Firmianus, signo Lactantius (c. 250 – c. 325), was an early Christian author who became an advisor to Roman emperor Constantine I, guiding his Christian religious policy in its initial stages of emergence, and a tutor to his son Crispus.
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Land of Israel
The Land of Israel is the traditional Jewish name for an area of the Southern Levant.
See Anti-Judaism and Land of Israel
Léon Poliakov
Léon Poliakov (Лев Поляков; 25 November 1910, Saint Petersburg – 8 December 1997, Orsay) was a French historian who wrote extensively on the Holocaust and antisemitism and wrote The Aryan Myth.
See Anti-Judaism and Léon Poliakov
Licinius
Valerius Licinianus Licinius (Greek: Λικίνιος; c. 265 – 325) was Roman emperor from 308 to 324.
Liturgy
Liturgy is the customary public ritual of worship performed by a religious group.
Luciano Canfora
Luciano Canfora (born 5 June 1942) is an Italian classicist and historian.
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Luciferianism
Luciferianism is a belief system that venerates the essential characteristics that are affixed to Lucifer, the name of various mythological and religious figures associated with the planet Venus.
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Manetho
Manetho (Μανέθων Manéthōn, gen.: Μανέθωνος) is believed to have been an Egyptian priest from Sebennytos (translit) who lived in the Ptolemaic Kingdom in the early third century BC, during the Hellenistic period.
Marcion of Sinope
Marcion of Sinope (Μαρκίων Σινώπης) was a theologian in early Christianity. Marcion preached that God had sent Jesus Christ, who was distinct from the "vengeful" God (Demiurge) who had created the world. He considered himself a follower of Paul the Apostle, whom he believed to have been the only true apostle of Jesus Christ; his doctrine is called Marcionism.
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Marcionism
Marcionism was an early Christian dualistic belief system that originated with the teachings of Marcion of Sinope in Rome around 144 AD.
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Marcus Minucius Felix
Marcus Minucius Felix (died c. 250 AD in Rome) was one of the earliest of the Latin apologists for Christianity.
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Martin Luther
Martin Luther (10 November 1483– 18 February 1546) was a German priest, theologian, author, hymnwriter, professor, and Augustinian friar.
See Anti-Judaism and Martin Luther
Meme
A meme is an idea, behavior, or style that spreads by means of imitation from person to person within a culture and often carries symbolic meaning representing a particular phenomenon or theme.
Merovingian dynasty
The Merovingian dynasty was the ruling family of the Franks from around the middle of the 5th century until 751.
See Anti-Judaism and Merovingian dynasty
Messiah
In Abrahamic religions, a messiah or messias is a saviour or liberator of a group of people.
Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that examines the basic structure of reality.
See Anti-Judaism and Metaphysics
Ministry of Jesus
The ministry of Jesus, in the canonical gospels, begins with his baptism near the River Jordan by John the Baptist, and ends in Jerusalem in Judea, following the Last Supper with his disciples.
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Missionary
A missionary is a member of a religious group who is sent into an area in order to promote its faith or provide services to people, such as education, literacy, social justice, health care, and economic development.
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Mithraism
Mithraism, also known as the Mithraic mysteries or the Cult of Mithras, was a Roman mystery religion centered on the god Mithras.
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Mohr Siebeck
Mohr Siebeck Verlag is a long-established academic publisher focused on the humanities and social sciences and based in Tübingen, Germany.
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Mosaic covenant
Abrahamic religions believe in the Mosaic covenant (named after Moses), also known as the Sinaitic covenant (after the biblical Mount Sinai), which refers to a covenant between the Israelite tribes and their God, including their proselytes, not limited to the ten commandments, nor the event when they were given, but including the entirety of laws that their patriarch Moses delivered from God in the five books of Torah.
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Mount of piety
A mount of piety is an institutional pawnbroker run as a charity in Europe from Renaissance times until today.
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Muslim supporters of Israel
Muslim supporters of Israel refers to both Muslims and cultural Muslims who support the right to self-determination of the Jewish people and the likewise existence of a Jewish homeland in the Southern Levant, traditionally known as the Land of Israel and corresponding to the modern polity known as the State of Israel.
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Nasi (Hebrew title)
Nasi (nāśī) is a title meaning "prince" in Biblical Hebrew, "Prince " in Mishnaic Hebrew.
See Anti-Judaism and Nasi (Hebrew title)
Nerva
Nerva (born Marcus Cocceius Nerva; 8 November 30 – 27 January 98) was a Roman emperor from 96 to 98.
New Covenant
The New Covenant (diathḗkē kainḗ) is a biblical interpretation which was originally derived from a phrase which is contained in the Book of Jeremiah (Jeremiah 31:31–34), in the Hebrew Bible (or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible).
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New Testament
The New Testament (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon.
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Nicene Christianity
Nicene Christianity includes those Christian denominations that adhere to the teaching of the Nicene Creed, which was formulated at the First Council of Nicaea in AD 325 and amended at the First Council of Constantinople in AD 381.
See Anti-Judaism and Nicene Christianity
Old Testament
The Old Testament (OT) is the first division of the Christian biblical canon, which is based primarily upon the 24 books of the Hebrew Bible, or Tanakh, a collection of ancient religious Hebrew and occasionally Aramaic writings by the Israelites.
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On the Jewish Question
"On the Jewish Question" is a response by Karl Marx to then-current debates over the Jewish question.
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On the Jews and Their Lies
On the Jews and Their Lies (Von den Jüden und iren Lügen; in modern spelling Von den Juden und ihren Lügen.) is a 65,000-word anti-Judaic and antisemitic treatise written in 1543 by the German Reformation leader Martin Luther (1483–1546).
See Anti-Judaism and On the Jews and Their Lies
Origen
Origen of Alexandria (185 – 253), also known as Origen Adamantius, was an early Christian scholar, ascetic, and theologian who was born and spent the first half of his career in Alexandria.
Orléans heresy
The Orléans heresy in 1022 was an early instance of heresy in Europe.
See Anti-Judaism and Orléans heresy
Orosius
Paulus Orosius (born 375/385 – 420 AD), less often Paul Orosius in English, was a Roman priest, historian and theologian, and a student of Augustine of Hippo.
Paganism
Paganism (from classical Latin pāgānus "rural", "rustic", later "civilian") is a term first used in the fourth century by early Christians for people in the Roman Empire who practiced polytheism, or ethnic religions other than Judaism.
Pasagians
The Pasagians, also spelled Passagians or Pasagini, were a religious sect which appeared in Lombardy in the late 12th or early 13th century and possibly appeared much earlier in the East.
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Patronage in ancient Rome
Patronage (clientela) was the distinctive relationship in ancient Roman society between the patronus ('patron') and their cliens ('client').
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Paul Johnson (writer)
Paul Bede Johnson (2 November 1928 – 12 January 2023) was an English journalist, popular historian, speechwriter and author.
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Paul the Apostle
Paul (Koinē Greek: Παῦλος, romanized: Paûlos), also named Saul of Tarsus (Aramaic: ܫܐܘܠ, romanized: Šāʾūl), commonly known as Paul the Apostle and Saint Paul, was a Christian apostle (AD) who spread the teachings of Jesus in the first-century world.
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Paul the Apostle and Jewish Christianity
Since the 1970s, scholars have sought to place Paul the Apostle within his historical context in Second Temple Judaism.
See Anti-Judaism and Paul the Apostle and Jewish Christianity
Paula Fredriksen
Paula Fredriksen (born January 6, 1951, Kingston, Rhode Island) is an American historian and scholar of early Christianity.
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Persecution of Christians
The persecution of Christians can be historically traced from the first century of the Christian era to the present day.
See Anti-Judaism and Persecution of Christians
Persecution of Christians in the New Testament
The persecution of Christians in the New Testament is an important part of the Early Christian narrative which depicts the early Church as being persecuted for their heterodox beliefs by a Jewish establishment in what was then the Roman province of Judea.
See Anti-Judaism and Persecution of Christians in the New Testament
Persecution of Eastern Orthodox Christians
The persecution of Eastern Orthodox Christians is the religious persecution which has been faced by the clergy and the adherents of the Eastern Orthodox Church.
See Anti-Judaism and Persecution of Eastern Orthodox Christians
Persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses
The beliefs and practices of Jehovah's Witnesses have engendered controversy throughout their history.
See Anti-Judaism and Persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses
Persecution of Jews
The persecution of Jews has been a major event in Jewish history prompting shifting waves of refugees and the formation of diaspora communities.
See Anti-Judaism and Persecution of Jews
Persecution of minority Muslim groups
A number of minority groups within Islam have faced persecution by other Muslims for allegedly being incompatible with Sunni Islam.
See Anti-Judaism and Persecution of minority Muslim groups
Persecution of Muslims
The persecution of Muslims has been recorded throughout the history of Islam, beginning with its founding by Muhammad in the 7th century.
See Anti-Judaism and Persecution of Muslims
Peter Martyr Vermigli
Peter Martyr Vermigli (8 September 149912 November 1562) was an Italian-born Reformed theologian.
See Anti-Judaism and Peter Martyr Vermigli
Pharisees
The Pharisees (lit) were a Jewish social movement and a school of thought in the Levant during the time of Second Temple Judaism.
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Philosemitism
Philosemitism, also called Judeophilia, is "defense, love, or admiration of Jews and Judaism".
See Anti-Judaism and Philosemitism
Pogrom
A pogrom is a violent riot incited with the aim of massacring or expelling an ethnic or religious group, particularly Jews.
Political theology
Political theology is a term which has been used in discussion of the ways in which theological concepts or ways of thinking relate to politics.
See Anti-Judaism and Political theology
Polycarp
Polycarp (Πολύκαρπος, Polýkarpos; Polycarpus; AD 69 155) was a Christian bishop of Smyrna.
Pontifex maximus
The pontifex maximus (Latin for "supreme pontiff") was the chief high priest of the College of Pontiffs (Collegium Pontificum) in ancient Rome.
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Pope Gregory XI
Pope Gregory XI (Gregorius XI, born Pierre Roger de Beaufort; c. 1329 – 27 March 1378) was head of the Catholic Church from 30 December 1370 to his death, in March 1378.
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Pope Innocent III
Pope Innocent III (Innocentius III; 22 February 1161 – 16 July 1216), born Lotario dei Conti di Segni (anglicized as Lothar of Segni), was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 8 January 1198 until his death on 16 July 1216.
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Pope Sylvester I
Pope Sylvester I (also Silvester, 285 – 31 December 335) was the bishop of Rome from 31 January 314 until his death on 31 December 335.
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Priest
A priest is a religious leader authorized to perform the sacred rituals of a religion, especially as a mediatory agent between humans and one or more deities.
Proselyte
The biblical term "proselyte" is an anglicization of the Koine Greek term προσήλυτος (proselytos), as used in the Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) for "stranger", i.e. a "newcomer to Israel"; a "sojourner in the land", and in the Greek New Testament for a first-century convert to Judaism, generally from Ancient Greek religion.
See Anti-Judaism and Proselyte
Prudentius
Aurelius Prudentius Clemens was a Roman Christian poet, born in the Roman province of Tarraconensis (now Northern Spain) in 348.
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Quran
The Quran, also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation directly from God (Allah).
Rabbi Tarfon
Rabbi Tarfon or Tarphon (רבי טרפון, from the Greek Τρύφων Tryphon literally "one who lives in luxury" Trifon), a Kohen, was a member of the third generation of the Mishnah sages, who lived in the period between the destruction of the Second Temple (70 CE) and the fall of Betar (135 CE).
See Anti-Judaism and Rabbi Tarfon
Race (human categorization)
Race is a categorization of humans based on shared physical or social qualities into groups generally viewed as distinct within a given society.
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Racial antisemitism
Racial antisemitism is prejudice against Jews based on a belief or assertion that Jews constitute a distinct race that has inherent traits or characteristics that appear in some way abhorrent or inherently inferior or otherwise different from the traits or characteristics of the rest of a society.
See Anti-Judaism and Racial antisemitism
Racism
Racism is discrimination and prejudice against people based on their race or ethnicity.
Radulf the Cistercian
Radulphe (also spelled Radulph, Rodolphe, etc.) was a French monk who, without permission from his superiors, left his monastery in France and travelled to the Rhine Valley during the Second Crusade (1145–1149) where he preached "that the Jews should be slain as the enemies of the Christian religion." At Cologne Simon "the Pious" was murdered and mutilated; at Speyer a woman was tortured on the rack to persuade her to Christianity.
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Reccared I
Reccared I (or Recared; Flavius Reccaredus; Flavio Recaredo; 559 – December 601; reigned 586–601) was Visigothic King of Hispania and Septimania.
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Recceswinth
Recceswinth (died 1 September 672) was the Visigothic King of Hispania and Septimania in 649–672.
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Reformed Christianity
Reformed Christianity, also called Calvinism, is a major branch of Protestantism that began during the sixteenth-century Protestant Reformation, a schism in the Western Church.
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Religion
Religion is a range of social-cultural systems, including designated behaviors and practices, morals, beliefs, worldviews, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics, or organizations, that generally relate humanity to supernatural, transcendental, and spiritual elements—although there is no scholarly consensus over what precisely constitutes a religion.
Religious antisemitism
Religious antisemitism is aversion to or discrimination against Jews as a whole based on religious doctrines of supersession, which expect or demand the disappearance of Judaism and the conversion of Jews to other faiths.
See Anti-Judaism and Religious antisemitism
Ritual
A ritual is a sequence of activities involving gestures, words, actions, or revered objects.
Roderic
Roderic (also spelled Ruderic, Roderik, Roderich, or Roderick; Spanish and Rodrigo, لذريق; died 711) was the Visigothic king in Hispania between 710 and 711.
Roland Bainton
Roland Herbert Bainton (March 30, 1894 – February 13, 1984) was a British-born American Protestant church historian.
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Role of Christianity in civilization
Christianity has been intricately intertwined with the history and formation of Western society.
See Anti-Judaism and Role of Christianity in civilization
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.
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Roman imperial cult
The Roman imperial cult (cultus imperatorius) identified emperors and some members of their families with the divinely sanctioned authority (auctoritas) of the Roman State.
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Sabazios
Sabazios (translit, Savázios; alternatively, Sabadios) is a deity originating in Asia Minor.
Salvation
Salvation (from Latin: salvatio, from salva, 'safe, saved') is the state of being saved or protected from harm or a dire situation.
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Second Coming
The Second Coming (sometimes called the Second Advent or the Parousia) is the Christian belief that Jesus Christ will return to Earth after his ascension to Heaven (which is said to have occurred about two thousand years ago).
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Second Temple
The Second Temple was the reconstructed Temple in Jerusalem, in use between and its destruction in 70 CE.
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Sectarian violence among Christians
Sectarian violence among Christians is a recurring phenomenon, in which Christians engage in a form of communal violence known as sectarian violence.
See Anti-Judaism and Sectarian violence among Christians
Sectarian violence among Muslims
Sectarian violence among Muslims is the ongoing conflict between Muslims of different sects, most commonly Shias and Sunnis, although the fighting extends to smaller, more specific branches within these sects, as well as Sufism.
See Anti-Judaism and Sectarian violence among Muslims
Sejanus
Lucius Aelius Sejanus (c. 20 BC – 18 October AD 31), commonly known as Sejanus, was a Roman soldier, friend, and confidant of the Roman Emperor Tiberius.
Septuagint
The Septuagint, sometimes referred to as the Greek Old Testament or The Translation of the Seventy (Hē metáphrasis tôn Hebdomḗkonta), and often abbreviated as LXX, is the earliest extant Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible from the original Hebrew.
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Seven Laws of Noah
In Judaism, the Seven Laws of Noah (שבע מצוות בני נח, Sheva Mitzvot B'nei Noach), otherwise referred to as the Noahide Laws or the Noachian Laws (from the Hebrew pronunciation of "Noah"), are a set of universal moral laws which, according to the Talmud, were given by God as a covenant with Noah and with the "sons of Noah"—that is, all of humanity.
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Shabbat
Shabbat (or; Šabbāṯ) or the Sabbath, also called Shabbos by Ashkenazim, is Judaism's day of rest on the seventh day of the week—i.e., Saturday.
Shia Islam
Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam.
See Anti-Judaism and Shia Islam
Shofar (journal)
Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies is a triannual peer-reviewed academic journal published by Purdue University Press on behalf of the university's Jewish Studies Program.
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Siege of Alexandria (47 BC)
The siege of Alexandria was a series of skirmishes and battles occurring between the forces of Julius Caesar, Cleopatra VII, Arsinoe IV, and Ptolemy XIII, between 48 and 47 BC.
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Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)
The Siege of Jerusalem of 70 CE was the decisive event of the First Jewish–Roman War (66–73 CE), in which the Roman army led by future emperor Titus besieged Jerusalem, the center of Jewish rebel resistance in the Roman province of Judaea.
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Sigismund of Burgundy
Sigismund (Sigismundus; died 524 AD) was King of the Burgundians from 516 until his death.
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Simlai
Rabbi Simlai (רבי שמלאי) was a talmudic rabbi who lived in Israel in the 3rd century (second generation of amoraim).
Spanish Inquisition
The Tribunal of the Holy Office of the Inquisition (Tribunal del Santo Oficio de la Inquisición), commonly known as the Spanish Inquisition (Inquisición española), was established in 1478 by the Catholic Monarchs, King Ferdinand II of Aragon and Queen Isabella I of Castile.
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Spread of Christianity
Christianity began as a Second Temple Judaic sect in the 1st century in the Roman province of Judea, from where it spread throughout and beyond the Roman Empire.
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Spread of Islam
The spread of Islam spans almost 1,400 years.
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State religion
A state religion (also called official religion) is a religion or creed officially endorsed by a sovereign state.
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Sulpicius Severus
Sulpicius Severus (c. 363 – c. 425) was a Christian writer and native of Aquitania in modern-day France.
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Supersessionism
Supersessionism, also called replacement theology, is the Christian doctrine that the Christian Church has superseded the Jewish people, assuming their role as God's covenanted people, thus asserting that the New Covenant through Jesus Christ has superseded or replaced the Mosaic covenant.
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Synagogue
A synagogue, also called a shul or a temple, is a place of worship for Jews and Samaritans.
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Syria Palaestina
Syria Palaestina (Syría hē Palaistínē) was a Roman province in the Palestine region between the early 2nd and late 4th centuries AD.
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Tahrif
(تحريف) is a term used by most Muslims to refer to believed alterations made to the previous revelations of God—specifically those that make up the Tawrat, the Zabur or Psalms, and the Injil.
Talmud
The Talmud (תַּלְמוּד|Talmūḏ|teaching) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law (halakha) and Jewish theology.
Targum
A targum (תרגום 'interpretation, translation, version') was an originally spoken translation of the Hebrew Bible (also called the Tanakh) that a professional translator (מְתוּרגְמָן mǝturgǝmān) would give in the common language of the listeners when that was not Biblical Hebrew.
Tariq ibn Ziyad
Ṭāriq ibn Ziyād (طارق بن زياد), also known simply as Tarik in English, was an Umayyad commander who initiated the Muslim conquest of Visigothic Hispania (present-day Spain and Portugal) in 711–718 AD.
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Tertullian
Tertullian (Quintus Septimius Florens Tertullianus; 155 – 220 AD) was a prolific early Christian author from Carthage in the Roman province of Africa.
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The Holocaust
The Holocaust was the genocide of European Jews during World War II.
See Anti-Judaism and The Holocaust
Theodore of Mopsuestia
Theodore of Mopsuestia (Greek: Θεοδώρος, c. 350 – 428) was a Christian theologian, and Bishop of Mopsuestia (as Theodore II) from 392 to 428 AD.
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Theodoret
Theodoret of Cyrus or Cyrrhus (Θεοδώρητος Κύρρου; AD 393 – 458/466) was an influential theologian of the School of Antioch, biblical commentator, and Christian bishop of Cyrrhus (423–457).
See Anti-Judaism and Theodoret
Theology
Theology is the study of religious belief from a religious perspective, with a focus on the nature of divinity.
Tisha B'Av
Tisha B'Av (תִּשְׁעָה בְּאָב) is an annual fast day in Judaism, on which a number of disasters in Jewish history occurred, primarily the destruction of both Solomon's Temple by the Neo-Babylonian Empire and the Second Temple by the Roman Empire in Jerusalem.
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Titus Flavius Clemens (consul)
Titus Flavius Titi filius Titi nepos Clemens (Titus Flavius T. f. T. n. Clemens) was a Roman politician and cousin of the emperor Domitian, with whom he served as consul from January to April in AD 95.
See Anti-Judaism and Titus Flavius Clemens (consul)
Torah
The Torah (תּוֹרָה, "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law") is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, namely the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy.
Trento
Trento (or; Ladin and Trent; Trient; Tria), also known in English as Trent, is a city on the Adige River in Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol in Italy.
Tyrol (federal state)
Tyrol (Tirol; Tirolo) is an Austrian federal state.
See Anti-Judaism and Tyrol (federal state)
University of California Press
The University of California Press, otherwise known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing.
See Anti-Judaism and University of California Press
Usury
Usury is the practice of making loans that are seen as unfairly enriching the lender.
Venantius Fortunatus
Venantius Honorius Clementianus Fortunatus (530 600/609 AD; Venance Fortunat), known as Saint Venantius Fortunatus, was a Latin poet and hymnographer in the Merovingian Court, and a bishop of the Early Church who has been venerated since the Middle Ages.
See Anti-Judaism and Venantius Fortunatus
Visigothic Code
The Visigothic Code (Forum Iudicum, Liber Iudiciorum, or Book of the Judgements; Fuero Juzgo), also called Lex Visigothorum (English: Law of the Visigoths), is a set of laws first promulgated by king Chindasuinth (642–653 AD) of the Visigothic Kingdom in his second year of rule (642–643) that survives only in fragments.
See Anti-Judaism and Visigothic Code
Visigoths
The Visigoths (Visigothi, Wisigothi, Vesi, Visi, Wesi, Wisi) were a Germanic people united under the rule of a king and living within the Roman Empire during late antiquity.
See Anti-Judaism and Visigoths
Waldensians
The Waldensians, also known as Waldenses, Vallenses, Valdesi, or Vaudois, are adherents of a church tradition that began as an ascetic movement within Western Christianity before the Reformation.
See Anti-Judaism and Waldensians
Well poisoning
Well poisoning is the act of malicious manipulation of potable water resources in order to cause illness or death, or to deny an opponent access to fresh water resources.
See Anti-Judaism and Well poisoning
Western culture
Western culture, also known as Western civilization, European civilization, Occidental culture, or Western society, includes the diverse heritages of social norms, ethical values, traditional customs, belief systems, political systems, artifacts and technologies of the Western world.
See Anti-Judaism and Western culture
William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company
William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company is a religious publishing house based in Grand Rapids, Michigan.
See Anti-Judaism and William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company
Wipf and Stock
Wipf and Stock is a publisher in Eugene, Oregon, publishing works in theology, biblical studies, history and philosophy.
See Anti-Judaism and Wipf and Stock
613 commandments
According to Jewish tradition, the Torah contains 613 commandments (mitsvót).
See Anti-Judaism and 613 commandments
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-Judaism
Also known as Adversus Ioudaios, Animosity against Judaism, Animosity towards Judaism, Anti-Judaic, Anti-Judaistic, Antijudaism, Christian anti-Judaism, Early Christian anti-Judaism, Islamic anti-Judaism.
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