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Circus offensive, the Glossary

Index Circus offensive

Circus was the codename given to operations by the Royal Air Force (RAF) during the Second World War where bombers, with a mass escort of fighters, were sent over continental Europe to bring Luftwaffe fighters into combat.[1]

Table of Contents

  1. 44 relations: Air Ministry, Air officer commanding, Anti-aircraft warfare, Battle of Britain, Béthune, Bomber, Brewster F2A Buffalo, Bristol Blenheim, Charles Portal, 1st Viscount Portal of Hungerford, Chief of the Air Staff (United Kingdom), Douglas Bader, Eastern Front (World War II), Eric Lock, Fighter-bomber, Handley Page Hampden, Hawker Hurricane, Hugh Dowding, Jagdgeschwader 2, Jagdgeschwader 26, Keith Park, Lille, Luftwaffe, Malayan campaign, Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II, No. 11 Group RAF, No. 2 Group RAF, No. 5 Group RAF, Office of Public Sector Information, Operation Barbarossa, Operation Ramrod 16, Pacific War, Paddy Finucane, RAF Bomber Command, Royal Air Force, Royal Air Force daylight raids, 1940–1944, Ruhr, Sholto Douglas, 1st Baron Douglas of Kirtleside, Short Stirling, South East England, Soviet Union, Strait of Dover, Target of opportunity, Trafford Leigh-Mallory, World War II.

  2. World War II aerial operations and battles of the Western European Theatre

Air Ministry

The Air Ministry was a department of the Government of the United Kingdom with the responsibility of managing the affairs of the Royal Air Force, that existed from 1918 to 1964.

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Air officer commanding

Air Officer Commanding (AOC) is a title given in the air forces of Commonwealth (and some other) nations to an air officer who holds a command appointment which typically comprises a large, organized collection of air force assets.

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Anti-aircraft warfare

Anti-aircraft warfare is the counter to aerial warfare and it includes "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action" (NATO's definition).

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Battle of Britain

The Battle of Britain (Luftschlacht um England, "air battle for England") was a military campaign of the Second World War, in which the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the Fleet Air Arm (FAA) of the Royal Navy defended the United Kingdom (UK) against large-scale attacks by Nazi Germany's air force, the Luftwaffe. Circus offensive and battle of Britain are aerial operations and battles of World War II involving the United Kingdom and World War II aerial operations and battles of the Western European Theatre.

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Béthune

Béthune (archaic and Bethwyn historically in English) is a town in northern France, sub-prefecture of the Pas-de-Calais department.

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Bomber

A bomber is a military combat aircraft that utilizes air-to-ground weaponry to drop bombs, launch torpedoes, or deploy air-launched cruise missiles.

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Brewster F2A Buffalo

The Brewster F2A Buffalo is an American fighter aircraft which saw service early in World War II.

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Bristol Blenheim

The Bristol Blenheim is a British light bomber designed and built by the Bristol Aeroplane Company, which was used extensively in the first two years of the Second World War, with examples still being used as trainers until the end of the war.

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Charles Portal, 1st Viscount Portal of Hungerford

Marshal of the Royal Air Force Charles Frederick Algernon Portal, 1st Viscount Portal of Hungerford, (21 May 1893 – 22 April 1971) was a senior Royal Air Force officer.

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Chief of the Air Staff (United Kingdom)

The Chief of the Air Staff (CAS) is the professional head of the Royal Air Force and a member of both the Chiefs of Staff Committee and the Air Force Board.

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Douglas Bader

Group Captain Sir Douglas Robert Steuart Bader, (21 February 1910 – 5 September 1982) was a Royal Air Force flying ace during the Second World War.

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Eastern Front (World War II)

The Eastern Front, also known as the Great Patriotic War in the Soviet Union and its successor states, and the German–Soviet War in contemporary German and Ukrainian historiographies, was a theatre of World War II fought between the European Axis powers and Allies, including the Soviet Union (USSR) and Poland.

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Eric Lock

Eric Stanley Lock, (19 April 1919 – 3 August 1941) was a British Royal Air Force (RAF) fighter pilot and flying ace of the Second World War.

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Fighter-bomber

A fighter-bomber is a fighter aircraft that has been modified, or used primarily, as a light bomber or attack aircraft.

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Handley Page Hampden

The Handley Page HP.52 Hampden is a British twin-engine medium bomber that was operated by the Royal Air Force (RAF).

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Hawker Hurricane

The Hawker Hurricane is a British single-seat fighter aircraft of the 1930s–40s which was designed and predominantly built by Hawker Aircraft Ltd.

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Hugh Dowding

Air Chief Marshal Hugh Caswall Tremenheere Dowding, 1st Baron Dowding, (24 April 1882 – 15 February 1970) was a senior officer in the Royal Air Force.

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Jagdgeschwader 2

Jagdgeschwader 2 (JG 2) "Richthofen" was a German fighter wing during World War II.

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Jagdgeschwader 26

Jagdgeschwader 26 (JG 26) Schlageter was a German fighter-wing of World War II.

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Keith Park

Air Chief Marshal Sir Keith Rodney Park, (15 June 1892 – 6 February 1975) was a New Zealand-born officer of the Royal Air Force (RAF).

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Lille

Lille (Rijsel; Lile; Rysel) is a city in the northern part of France, within French Flanders.

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Luftwaffe

The Luftwaffe was the aerial-warfare branch of the Wehrmacht before and during World War II.

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Malayan campaign

The Malayan campaign, referred to by Japanese sources as the, was a military campaign fought by Allied and Axis forces in Malaya, from 8 December 1941 – 15 February 1942 during the Second World War.

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Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II

The Mediterranean and Middle East Theatre was a major theatre of operations during the Second World War.

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No. 11 Group RAF

No.

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No. 2 Group RAF

No.

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No. 5 Group RAF

No.

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Office of Public Sector Information

The Office of Public Sector Information (OPSI) is the body responsible for the operation of His Majesty's Stationery Office (HMSO) and of other public information services of the United Kingdom.

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Operation Barbarossa

Operation Barbarossa (Unternehmen Barbarossa) was the invasion of the Soviet Union by Nazi Germany and many of its Axis allies, starting on Sunday, 22 June 1941, during World War II.

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Operation Ramrod 16

Ramrod 16 was an attempt by the Royal Air Force (RAF) to bomb the Koninklijke Hoogovens (Royal Blast Furnaces) steelworks at IJmuiden in the Netherlands during the Second World War. Circus offensive and Operation Ramrod 16 are aerial operations and battles of World War II involving the United Kingdom and World War II aerial operations and battles of the Western European Theatre.

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Pacific War

The Pacific War, sometimes called the Asia–Pacific War or the Pacific Theater, was the theater of World War II that was fought in eastern Asia, the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean, and Oceania.

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Paddy Finucane

Wing Commander Brendan Eamonn Fergus Finucane, (16 October 1920 – 15 July 1942), known as Paddy Finucane amongst his colleagues, was an Irish Second World War Royal Air Force (RAF) fighter pilot and flying ace—defined as an aviator credited with five or more enemy aircraft destroyed in aerial combat.

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RAF Bomber Command

RAF Bomber Command controlled the Royal Air Force's bomber forces from 1936 to 1968.

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Royal Air Force

The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the air and space force of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies.

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Royal Air Force daylight raids, 1940–1944

A strategic bombing campaign was waged by RAF Bomber Command against Nazi Germany and other Axis powers in Europe during the Second World War. Circus offensive and Royal Air Force daylight raids, 1940–1944 are aerial operations and battles of World War II involving the United Kingdom.

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Ruhr

The Ruhr (Ruhrgebiet, also Ruhrpott), also referred to as the Ruhr area, sometimes Ruhr district, Ruhr region, or Ruhr valley, is a polycentric urban area in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Sholto Douglas, 1st Baron Douglas of Kirtleside

Marshal of the Royal Air Force William Sholto Douglas, 1st Baron Douglas of Kirtleside, (23 December 1893 – 29 October 1969) was a senior commander in the Royal Air Force.

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Short Stirling

The Short Stirling was a British four-engined heavy bomber of the Second World War.

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South East England

South East England is one of the nine official regions of England in the United Kingdom at the first level of ITL for statistical purposes.

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Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.

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Strait of Dover

The Strait of Dover or Dover Strait (Pas de Calais - Strait of Calais) is the strait at the narrowest part of the English Channel, marking the boundary between the Channel and the North Sea, and separating Great Britain from continental Europe.

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Target of opportunity

A target of opportunity is a target "visible to a surface or air sensor or observer, which is within range of available weapons and against which fire has not been scheduled or requested." A target of opportunity comes in two forms; "unplanned" and "unanticipated".

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Trafford Leigh-Mallory

Air Chief Marshal Sir Trafford Leigh-Mallory, (11 July 1892 – 14 November 1944) was a senior commander in the Royal Air Force.

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World War II

World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.

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See also

World War II aerial operations and battles of the Western European Theatre

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circus_offensive

Also known as Operation Circus.