Cognitive psychology, the Glossary

Table of Contents

1. 233 relations: Aaron Beck, Alan Baddeley, Alan M. Leslie, Albert Bandura, Albert Ellis, Alexander Luria, Allan Paivio, Allen Newell, Amos Tversky, Anne Treisman, Antonio Damasio, Applied psychology, Artificial intelligence, Attention, Auditory system, Autobiographical memory, Baddeley's model of working memory, Behaviorism, Behavioural sciences, Brain injury, Brian MacWhinney, Carl Jung, Carl Wernicke, Childhood memory, Choice, Classification, Clinical psychology, Cocktail party effect, Cognition, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Cognitive bias, Cognitive biology, Cognitive description, Cognitive development, Cognitive intervention, Cognitive module, Cognitive neuropsychology, Cognitive neuroscience, Cognitive poetics, Cognitive revolution, Cognitive robotics, Cognitive science, Cognitive skill, Cognitive style, Cognitive therapy, Cognitivism (psychology), Computational theory of mind, Concept learning, Confabulation, Connectionism, ... Expand index (183 more) »

2. 1967 introductions

Aaron Beck

Aaron Temkin Beck (July 18, 1921November 1, 2021) was an American psychiatrist who was a professor in the department of psychiatry at the University of Pennsylvania.

See Cognitive psychology and Aaron Beck

Alan Baddeley

Alan David Baddeley CBE FRS (born 23 March 1934) is a British psychologist.

See Cognitive psychology and Alan Baddeley

Alan M. Leslie

Alan M. Leslie is a Scottish psychologist and Professor of Psychology and Cognitive science at Rutgers University, where he directs the Cognitive Development Laboratory (CDL) and is co-director of the Rutgers University Center for Cognitive Science (RUCCS) along with Ernest Lepore.

See Cognitive psychology and Alan M. Leslie

Albert Bandura

Albert Bandura (December 4, 1925 – July 26, 2021) was a Canadian-American psychologist.

See Cognitive psychology and Albert Bandura

Albert Ellis

Albert Ellis (September 27, 1913 – July 24, 2007) was an American psychologist and psychotherapist who founded rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT).

See Cognitive psychology and Albert Ellis

Alexander Luria

Alexander Romanovich Luria (p; 16 July 1902 – 14 August 1977) was a Soviet neuropsychologist, often credited as a father of modern neuropsychology.

See Cognitive psychology and Alexander Luria

Allan Paivio

Allan Urho Paivio (March 29, 1925 – June 19, 2016) was a professor of psychology at the University of Western Ontario and former bodybuilder.

See Cognitive psychology and Allan Paivio

Allen Newell

Allen Newell (March 19, 1927 – July 19, 1992) was an American researcher in computer science and cognitive psychology at the RAND Corporation and at Carnegie Mellon University's School of Computer Science, Tepper School of Business, and Department of Psychology.

See Cognitive psychology and Allen Newell

Amos Tversky

Amos Nathan Tversky (עמוס טברסקי; March 16, 1937 – June 2, 1996) was an Israeli cognitive and mathematical psychologist and a key figure in the discovery of systematic human cognitive bias and handling of risk.

See Cognitive psychology and Amos Tversky

Anne Treisman

Anne Marie Treisman (née Taylor; 27 February 1935 – 9 February 2018) was an English psychologist who specialised in cognitive psychology.

See Cognitive psychology and Anne Treisman

Antonio Damasio

Antonio Damasio (António Damásio) is a Portuguese neuroscientist.

See Cognitive psychology and Antonio Damasio

Applied psychology

Applied psychology is the use of psychological methods and findings of scientific psychology to solve practical problems of human and animal behavior and experience.

See Cognitive psychology and Applied psychology

Artificial intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI), in its broadest sense, is intelligence exhibited by machines, particularly computer systems.

See Cognitive psychology and Artificial intelligence

Attention

Attention or focus, is the concentration of awareness on some phenomenon to the exclusion of other stimuli. Cognitive psychology and Attention are cognition.

See Cognitive psychology and Attention

Auditory system

The auditory system is the sensory system for the sense of hearing.

See Cognitive psychology and Auditory system

Autobiographical memory

Autobiographical memory (AM) is a memory system consisting of episodes recollected from an individual's life, based on a combination of episodic (personal experiences and specific objects, people and events experienced at particular time and place) and semantic (general knowledge and facts about the world) memory.

See Cognitive psychology and Autobiographical memory

Baddeley's model of working memory

Baddeley's model of working memory is a model of human memory proposed by Alan Baddeley and Graham Hitch in 1974, in an attempt to present a more accurate model of primary memory (often referred to as short-term memory).

See Cognitive psychology and Baddeley's model of working memory

Behaviorism

Behaviorism (also spelled behaviourism) is a systematic approach to understand the behavior of humans and other animals.

See Cognitive psychology and Behaviorism

Behavioural sciences

Behavioural sciences is a branch of science that explore the cognitive processes within organisms and the behavioural interactions that occur between organisms in the natural world.

See Cognitive psychology and Behavioural sciences

Brain injury

Brain injury (BI) is the destruction or degeneration of brain cells.

See Cognitive psychology and Brain injury

Brian MacWhinney

Brian James MacWhinney (born August 22, 1945) is a Professor of Psychology and Modern Languages at Carnegie Mellon University.

See Cognitive psychology and Brian MacWhinney

Carl Jung

Carl Gustav Jung (26 July 1875 – 6 June 1961) was a Swiss psychiatrist, psychotherapist and psychologist who founded the school of analytical psychology.

See Cognitive psychology and Carl Jung

Carl Wernicke

Carl (or Karl) Wernicke (15 May 1848 – 15 June 1905) was a German physician, anatomist, psychiatrist and neuropathologist.

See Cognitive psychology and Carl Wernicke

Childhood memory

Childhood memory refers to memories formed during childhood.

See Cognitive psychology and Childhood memory

Choice

A choice is the range of different things from which a being can choose.

See Cognitive psychology and Choice

Classification

Classification is usually understood to mean the allocation of objects to certain pre-existing classes or categories.

See Cognitive psychology and Classification

Clinical psychology

Clinical psychology is an integration of human science, behavioral science, theory, and clinical knowledge for the purpose of understanding, preventing, and relieving psychologically-based distress or dysfunction and to promote subjective well-being and personal development. Cognitive psychology and clinical psychology are behavioural sciences.

See Cognitive psychology and Clinical psychology

Cocktail party effect

The cocktail party effect refers to a phenomenon wherein the brain focuses a person's attention on a particular stimulus, usually auditory.

See Cognitive psychology and Cocktail party effect

Cognition

Cognition is the "mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses".

See Cognitive psychology and Cognition

Cognitive behavioral therapy

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a form of psychotherapy that aims to reduce symptoms of various mental health conditions, primarily depression and anxiety disorders.

See Cognitive psychology and Cognitive behavioral therapy

Cognitive bias

A cognitive bias is a systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment. Cognitive psychology and cognitive bias are cognition.

See Cognitive psychology and Cognitive bias

Cognitive biology

Cognitive biology is an emerging science that regards natural cognition as a biological function. Cognitive psychology and Cognitive biology are cognition.

See Cognitive psychology and Cognitive biology

Cognitive description

Cognitive description is a term used in psychology to describe the cognitive workings of the human mind. Cognitive psychology and cognitive description are behavioural sciences.

See Cognitive psychology and Cognitive description

Cognitive development

Cognitive development is a field of study in neuroscience and psychology focusing on a child's development in terms of information processing, conceptual resources, perceptual skill, language learning, and other aspects of the developed adult brain and cognitive psychology.

See Cognitive psychology and Cognitive development

Cognitive intervention

A cognitive intervention is a form of psychological intervention, a technique and therapy practised in counselling.

See Cognitive psychology and Cognitive intervention

Cognitive module

A cognitive module in cognitive psychology is a specialized tool or sub-unit that can be used by other parts to resolve cognitive tasks.

See Cognitive psychology and Cognitive module

Cognitive neuropsychology

Cognitive neuropsychology is a branch of cognitive psychology that aims to understand how the structure and function of the brain relates to specific psychological processes. Cognitive psychology and cognitive neuropsychology are cognition.

See Cognitive psychology and Cognitive neuropsychology

Cognitive neuroscience

Cognitive neuroscience is the scientific field that is concerned with the study of the biological processes and aspects that underlie cognition, with a specific focus on the neural connections in the brain which are involved in mental processes.

See Cognitive psychology and Cognitive neuroscience

Cognitive poetics

Cognitive poetics is a school of literary criticism that applies the principles of cognitive science, particularly cognitive psychology, to the interpretation of literary texts.

See Cognitive psychology and Cognitive poetics

Cognitive revolution

The cognitive revolution was an intellectual movement that began in the 1950s as an interdisciplinary study of the mind and its processes, from which emerged a new field known as cognitive science.

See Cognitive psychology and Cognitive revolution

Cognitive robotics

Cognitive Robotics or Cognitive Technology is a subfield of robotics concerned with endowing a robot with intelligent behavior by providing it with a processing architecture that will allow it to learn and reason about how to behave in response to complex goals in a complex world.

See Cognitive psychology and Cognitive robotics

Cognitive science

Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary, scientific study of the mind and its processes.

See Cognitive psychology and Cognitive science

Cognitive skill

Cognitive skills, also called cognitive functions, cognitive abilities or cognitive capacities, are skills of the mind, as opposed to other types of skills such as motor skills. Cognitive psychology and cognitive skill are cognition.

See Cognitive psychology and Cognitive skill

Cognitive style

Cognitive style or thinking style is a concept used in cognitive psychology to describe the way individuals think, perceive and remember information. Cognitive psychology and cognitive style are cognition.

See Cognitive psychology and Cognitive style

Cognitive therapy

Cognitive therapy (CT) is a type of psychotherapy developed by American psychiatrist Aaron T. Beck.

See Cognitive psychology and Cognitive therapy

Cognitivism (psychology)

In psychology, cognitivism is a theoretical framework for understanding the mind that gained credence in the 1950s.

See Cognitive psychology and Cognitivism (psychology)

Computational theory of mind

In philosophy of mind, the computational theory of mind (CTM), also known as computationalism, is a family of views that hold that the human mind is an information processing system and that cognition and consciousness together are a form of computation.

See Cognitive psychology and Computational theory of mind

Concept learning

Concept learning, also known as category learning, concept attainment, and concept formation, is defined by Bruner, Goodnow, & Austin (1956) as "the search for and testing of attributes that can be used to distinguish exemplars from non exemplars of various categories".

See Cognitive psychology and Concept learning

Confabulation

In psychology, confabulation is a memory error consisting of the production of fabricated, distorted, or misinterpreted memories about oneself or the world.

See Cognitive psychology and Confabulation

Connectionism

Connectionism (coined by Edward Thorndike in the 1931) is the name of an approach to the study of human mental processes and cognition that utilizes mathematical models known as connectionist networks or artificial neural networks.

See Cognitive psychology and Connectionism

Consciousness

Consciousness, at its simplest, is awareness of internal and external existence.

See Cognitive psychology and Consciousness

Coping

Coping refers to conscious or unconscious strategies used to reduce unpleasant emotions.

See Cognitive psychology and Coping

Creativity

Creativity is the ability to form novel and valuable ideas or works using the imagination. Cognitive psychology and Creativity are cognition.

See Cognitive psychology and Creativity

Cryptomnesia

Cryptomnesia occurs when a forgotten memory returns without its being recognized as such by the subject, who believes it is something new and original.

See Cognitive psychology and Cryptomnesia

Cybernetics

Cybernetics is the transdisciplinary study of circular processes such as feedback systems where outputs are also inputs.

See Cognitive psychology and Cybernetics

Daniel Kahneman

Daniel Kahneman (דניאל כהנמן; March 5, 1934 – March 27, 2024) was an Israeli-American psychologist best-known for his work on the psychology of judgment and decision-making as well as behavioral economics, for which he was awarded the 2002 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences together with Vernon L.

See Cognitive psychology and Daniel Kahneman

Daniel Schacter

Daniel Lawrence Schacter (born June 17, 1952) is an American psychologist.

See Cognitive psychology and Daniel Schacter

David Ausubel

David Paul Ausubel (October 25, 1918 – July 9, 2008) was an American psychologist.

See Cognitive psychology and David Ausubel

David Rumelhart

David Everett Rumelhart (June 12, 1942 – March 13, 2011) was an American psychologist who made many contributions to the formal analysis of human cognition, working primarily within the frameworks of mathematical psychology, symbolic artificial intelligence, and parallel distributed processing.

See Cognitive psychology and David Rumelhart

Déjà vu

Déjà vu ("already seen") is the phenomenon of feeling as though one has lived through the present situation before.

See Cognitive psychology and Déjà vu

Decay theory

The Decay theory is a theory that proposes that memory fades due to the mere passage of time.

See Cognitive psychology and Decay theory

Decision-making

In psychology, decision-making (also spelled decision making and decisionmaking) is regarded as the cognitive process resulting in the selection of a belief or a course of action among several possible alternative options.

See Cognitive psychology and Decision-making

Declarative knowledge

Declarative knowledge is an awareness of facts that can be expressed using declarative sentences.

See Cognitive psychology and Declarative knowledge

Dedre Gentner

Dedre Dariel Gentner (born 1944) is an American cognitive and developmental psychologist.

See Cognitive psychology and Dedre Gentner

Deductive reasoning

Deductive reasoning is the process of drawing valid inferences.

See Cognitive psychology and Deductive reasoning

Dialectic

Dialectic (διαλεκτική, dialektikḗ; Dialektik), also known as the dialectical method, refers originally to dialogue between people holding different points of view about a subject but wishing to arrive at the truth through reasoned argumentation.

See Cognitive psychology and Dialectic

Discursive psychology

Discursive psychology (DP) is a form of discourse analysis that focuses on psychological themes in talk, text, and images.

See Cognitive psychology and Discursive psychology

Donald Broadbent

Donald Eric (D. E.) Broadbent CBE, FRS (Birmingham, 6 May 1926 – 10 April 1993) was an influential experimental psychologist from the United Kingdom.

See Cognitive psychology and Donald Broadbent

Dual process theory

In psychology, a dual process theory provides an account of how thought can arise in two different ways, or as a result of two different processes. Cognitive psychology and dual process theory are cognition.

See Cognitive psychology and Dual process theory

Dual-coding theory

Dual-coding theory is a theory of cognition that suggests that the mind processes information along two different channels; verbal and nonverbal.

See Cognitive psychology and Dual-coding theory

Ecological psychology

Ecological psychology is the scientific study of perception-action from a direct realist approach.

See Cognitive psychology and Ecological psychology

Economics

Economics is a social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.

See Cognitive psychology and Economics

Edward B. Titchener

Edward Bradford Titchener (11 January 1867 – 3 August 1927) was an English psychologist who studied under Wilhelm Wundt for several years.

See Cognitive psychology and Edward B. Titchener

Eiffel Tower

The Eiffel Tower (Tour Eiffel) is a wrought-iron lattice tower on the Champ de Mars in Paris, France.

See Cognitive psychology and Eiffel Tower

Eleanor Rosch

Eleanor Rosch (once known as Eleanor Rosch Heider;"Natural Categories", Cognitive Psychology, Vol. 4, No. 3, (May 1973), p. 328. born 9 July 1938) is an American psychologist.

See Cognitive psychology and Eleanor Rosch

Eleanor Saffran

Eleanor M. Saffran (May 16, 1938 – November 23, 2002), an American neuroscientist, was a researcher in the field of Cognitive Neuropsychology.

See Cognitive psychology and Eleanor Saffran

Elizabeth Bates

Elizabeth Ann Bates (July 26, 1947 – December 13, 2003) was a professor of cognitive science at the University of California, San Diego.

See Cognitive psychology and Elizabeth Bates

Elizabeth Loftus

Elizabeth F. Loftus (born 1944) is an American psychologist who is best known in relation to the misinformation effect, false memory and criticism of recovered memory therapies.

See Cognitive psychology and Elizabeth Loftus

Ellen Markman

Ellen Markman is IBM Provostial Professor of Psychology at Stanford University.

See Cognitive psychology and Ellen Markman

Emotion and memory

Emotion can have a powerful effect on humans and animals.

See Cognitive psychology and Emotion and memory

Empiricism

In philosophy, empiricism is an epistemological view which holds that true knowledge or justification comes only or primarily from sensory experience and empirical evidence.

See Cognitive psychology and Empiricism

Endel Tulving

Endel Tulving (May 26, 1927 – September 11, 2023) was an Estonian-born Canadian experimental psychologist and cognitive neuroscientist.

See Cognitive psychology and Endel Tulving

Episodic memory

Episodic memory is the memory of everyday events (such as times, location geography, associated emotions, and other contextual information) that can be explicitly stated or conjured.

See Cognitive psychology and Episodic memory

Eric Lenneberg

Eric Heinz Lenneberg (19 September 1921 – 31 May 1975) was a linguist and neurologist who pioneered ideas on language acquisition and cognitive psychology, particularly in terms of the concept of innateness.

See Cognitive psychology and Eric Lenneberg

Eugene Galanter

Eugene Galanter (1924–2016) was one of the modern founders of cognitive psychology.

See Cognitive psychology and Eugene Galanter

Evolutionary psychology

Evolutionary psychology is a theoretical approach in psychology that examines cognition and behavior from a modern evolutionary perspective.

See Cognitive psychology and Evolutionary psychology

Expressive aphasia

Expressive aphasia (also known as Broca's aphasia) is a type of aphasia characterized by partial loss of the ability to produce language (spoken, manual, or written), although comprehension generally remains intact.

See Cognitive psychology and Expressive aphasia

Eyewitness memory

Eyewitness memory is a person's episodic memory for a crime or other witnessed dramatic event.

See Cognitive psychology and Eyewitness memory

False memory

In psychology, a false memory is a phenomenon where someone recalls something that did not actually happen or recalls it differently from the way it actually happened.

See Cognitive psychology and False memory

Fergus I. M. Craik

Fergus Ian Muirden Craik FRS (born 17 April 1935, Edinburgh, Scotland) is a cognitive psychologist known for his research on levels of processing in memory.

See Cognitive psychology and Fergus I. M. Craik

Flashbulb memory

A flashbulb memory is a vivid, long-lasting memory about a surprising or shocking event that has happened in the past.

See Cognitive psychology and Flashbulb memory

Form perception

Form perception is the recognition of visual elements of objects, specifically those to do with shapes, patterns and previously identified important characteristics.

See Cognitive psychology and Form perception

Frederic Bartlett

Sir Frederic Charles Bartlett FRS (20 October 1886 – 30 September 1969) was a British psychologist and the first professor of experimental psychology at the University of Cambridge.

See Cognitive psychology and Frederic Bartlett

Fuzzy-trace theory

Fuzzy-trace theory (FTT) is a theory of cognition originally proposed by Valerie F. Reyna and Charles Brainerd to explain cognitive phenomena, particularly in memory and reasoning.

See Cognitive psychology and Fuzzy-trace theory

Generative grammar

Generative grammar is a research tradition in linguistics that aims to explain the cognitive basis of language by formulating and testing explicit models of humans' subconscious grammatical knowledge.

See Cognitive psychology and Generative grammar

Genetic epistemology

Genetic epistemology or 'developmental theory of knowledge' is a study of the origins (genesis) of knowledge (epistemology) established by Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget.

See Cognitive psychology and Genetic epistemology

George Armitage Miller

George Armitage Miller (February 3, 1920 – July 22, 2012) was an American psychologist who was one of the founders of cognitive psychology, and more broadly, of cognitive science.

See Cognitive psychology and George Armitage Miller

George Berkeley

George Berkeley (12 March 168514 January 1753) – known as Bishop Berkeley (Bishop of Cloyne of the Anglican Church of Ireland) – was an Anglo-Irish philosopher whose primary achievement was the advancement of a theory he called "immaterialism" (later referred to as "subjective idealism" by others).

See Cognitive psychology and George Berkeley

George Mandler

George Mandler (June 11, 1924 – May 6, 2016) was an Austrian-born American psychologist, who became a distinguished professor of psychology at the University of California, San Diego.

See Cognitive psychology and George Mandler

George Sperling

George Sperling (born 1934) is an American cognitive psychologist, researcher, and educator.

See Cognitive psychology and George Sperling

Giacomo Rizzolatti

Giacomo Rizzolatti (born 28 April 1937) is an Italian neurophysiologist who works at the University of Parma.

See Cognitive psychology and Giacomo Rizzolatti

Glasser's choice theory

The term "choice theory" is the work of “William Glasser”, MD, author of the book so named, and is the culmination of some 50 years of theory and practice in psychology and counselling.

See Cognitive psychology and Glasser's choice theory

Gordon H. Bower

Gordon Howard Bower (December 30, 1932 – June 17, 2020) was a cognitive psychologist studying human memory, language comprehension, emotion, and behavior modification.

See Cognitive psychology and Gordon H. Bower

Gordon Moskowitz

Gordon Blaine Moskowitz (born October 6, 1963) is a social psychologist working in the field of social cognition.

See Cognitive psychology and Gordon Moskowitz

Grammar

In linguistics, a grammar is the set of rules for how a natural language is structured, as demonstrated by its speakers or writers.

See Cognitive psychology and Grammar

Hallucination

A hallucination is a perception in the absence of an external stimulus that has the compelling sense of reality.

See Cognitive psychology and Hallucination

Henry L. Roediger III

Henry L. "Roddy" Roediger III (born July 24, 1947) is an American psychology researcher in the area of human learning and memory.

See Cognitive psychology and Henry L. Roediger III

Herbert A. Simon

Herbert Alexander Simon (June 15, 1916 – February 9, 2001) was an American political scientist whose work also influenced the fields of computer science, economics, and cognitive psychology.

See Cognitive psychology and Herbert A. Simon

Hermann Ebbinghaus

Hermann Ebbinghaus (24 January 1850 – 26 February 1909) was a German psychologist who pioneered the experimental study of memory.

See Cognitive psychology and Hermann Ebbinghaus

Hierarchy

A hierarchy (from Greek:, from, 'president of sacred rites') is an arrangement of items (objects, names, values, categories, etc.) that are represented as being "above", "below", or "at the same level as" one another.

See Cognitive psychology and Hierarchy

Illusory truth effect

The illusory truth effect (also known as the illusion of truth effect, validity effect, truth effect, or the reiteration effect) is the tendency to believe false information to be correct after repeated exposure. Cognitive psychology and illusory truth effect are cognition.

See Cognitive psychology and Illusory truth effect

Imagination inflation

Imagination inflation is a type of memory distortion that occurs when imagining an event that never happened increases confidence in the memory of the event.

See Cognitive psychology and Imagination inflation

Immanuel Kant

Immanuel Kant (born Emanuel Kant; 22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher and one of the central Enlightenment thinkers.

See Cognitive psychology and Immanuel Kant

Information processing (psychology)

In cognitive psychology, information processing is an approach to the goal of understanding human thinking that treats cognition as essentially computational in nature, with the mind being the software and the brain being the hardware.

See Cognitive psychology and Information processing (psychology)

Information theory

Information theory is the mathematical study of the quantification, storage, and communication of information.

See Cognitive psychology and Information theory

Interference theory

The interference theory is a theory regarding human memory.

See Cognitive psychology and Interference theory

Intertrial priming

In cognitive psychology, intertrial priming is an accumulation of the priming effect over multiple trials, where "priming" is the effect of the exposure to one stimulus on subsequently presented stimuli.

See Cognitive psychology and Intertrial priming

James McClelland (psychologist)

James Lloyd "Jay" McClelland, FBA (born December 1, 1948) is the Lucie Stern Professor at Stanford University, where he was formerly the chair of the Psychology Department.

See Cognitive psychology and James McClelland (psychologist)

Jean Mandler

Jean Matter Mandler (born November 1929) is Distinguished Research Professor of Cognitive Science at the University of California, San Diego and visiting professor at University College London.

See Cognitive psychology and Jean Mandler

Jean Piaget

Jean William Fritz Piaget (9 August 1896 – 16 September 1980) was a Swiss psychologist known for his work on child development.

See Cognitive psychology and Jean Piaget

Jerome Bruner

Jerome Seymour Bruner (October 1, 1915 – June 5, 2016) was an American psychologist who made significant contributions to human cognitive psychology and cognitive learning theory in educational psychology.

See Cognitive psychology and Jerome Bruner

John Locke

John Locke (29 August 1632 – 28 October 1704) was an English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as the "father of liberalism".

See Cognitive psychology and John Locke

John Robert Anderson (psychologist)

John Robert Anderson (born August 27, 1947) is a Canadian-born American psychologist.

See Cognitive psychology and John Robert Anderson (psychologist)

Jungian cognitive functions

Psychological functions, as described by Carl Jung in his book Psychological Types, are particular mental processes within a person's psyche that are present regardless of common circumstances.

See Cognitive psychology and Jungian cognitive functions

K. Anders Ericsson

K.

See Cognitive psychology and K. Anders Ericsson

Karl H. Pribram

Karl H. Pribram (February 25, 1919 – January 19, 2015) was a professor at Georgetown University, in the United States, an emeritus professor of psychology and psychiatry at Stanford University and distinguished professor at Radford University.

See Cognitive psychology and Karl H. Pribram

Knowledge organization

Knowledge organization (KO), organization of knowledge, organization of information, or information organization is an intellectual discipline concerned with activities such as document description, indexing, and classification that serve to provide systems of representation and order for knowledge and information objects.

See Cognitive psychology and Knowledge organization

Knowledge representation and reasoning

Knowledge representation and reasoning (KRR, KR&R, KR²) is the field of artificial intelligence (AI) dedicated to representing information about the world in a form that a computer system can use to solve complex tasks such as diagnosing a medical condition or having a dialog in a natural language.

See Cognitive psychology and Knowledge representation and reasoning

Language

Language is a structured system of communication that consists of grammar and vocabulary.

See Cognitive psychology and Language

Language acquisition

Language acquisition is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language.

See Cognitive psychology and Language acquisition

Language development

Language development in humans is a process which starts early in life.

See Cognitive psychology and Language development

Language processing in the brain

In psycholinguistics, language processing refers to the way humans use words to communicate ideas and feelings, and how such communications are processed and understood.

See Cognitive psychology and Language processing in the brain

Larry Squire

Larry Ryan Squire (born May 4, 1941) is an American psychiatrist and neuroscientist.

See Cognitive psychology and Larry Squire

Learning disability

Learning disability, learning disorder, or learning difficulty (British English) is a condition in the brain that causes difficulties comprehending or processing information and can be caused by several different factors.

See Cognitive psychology and Learning disability

Lev Vygotsky

Lev Semyonovich Vygotsky (Лев Семёнович Выготский,; Леў Сямёнавіч Выгоцкі; – June 11, 1934) was a Russian and Soviet psychologist, best known for his work on psychological development in children and creating the framework known as cultural-historical activity theory.

See Cognitive psychology and Lev Vygotsky

Linguistics

Linguistics is the scientific study of language.

See Cognitive psychology and Linguistics

List of cognitive biases

Cognitive biases are systematic patterns of deviation from norm and/or rationality in judgment.

See Cognitive psychology and List of cognitive biases

Logic

Logic is the study of correct reasoning.

See Cognitive psychology and Logic

Long-term memory

Long-term memory (LTM) is the stage of the Atkinson–Shiffrin memory model in which informative knowledge is held indefinitely.

See Cognitive psychology and Long-term memory

Media psychology is the branch and specialty field in psychology that focuses on the interaction of human behavior with media and technology.

See Cognitive psychology and Media psychology

Memory

Memory is the faculty of the mind by which data or information is encoded, stored, and retrieved when needed.

See Cognitive psychology and Memory

Memory and aging

Age-related memory loss, sometimes described as "normal aging" (also spelled "ageing" in British English), is qualitatively different from memory loss associated with types of dementia such as Alzheimer's disease, and is believed to have a different brain mechanism.

See Cognitive psychology and Memory and aging

Mental image

In the philosophy of mind, neuroscience, and cognitive science, a mental image is an experience that, on most occasions, significantly resembles the experience of "perceiving" some object, event, or scene but occurs when the relevant object, event, or scene is not actually present to the senses.

See Cognitive psychology and Mental image

Meta-analysis is the statistical combination of the results of multiple studies addressing a similar research question.

See Cognitive psychology and Meta-analysis

Metacognition is an awareness of one's thought processes and an understanding of the patterns behind them.

See Cognitive psychology and Metacognition

Michael Gazzaniga

Michael S. Gazzaniga (born December 12, 1939) is a professor of psychology at the University of California, Santa Barbara in the USA, where he heads the new SAGE Center for the Study of the Mind.

See Cognitive psychology and Michael Gazzaniga

Michael Posner (psychologist)

Michael I. Posner (born September 12, 1936) is an American psychologist who is a researcher in the field of attention, and the editor of numerous cognitive and neuroscience compilations.

See Cognitive psychology and Michael Posner (psychologist)

Mind–body dualism

In the philosophy of mind, mind–body dualism denotes either the view that mental phenomena are non-physical,Hart, W. D. 1996.

See Cognitive psychology and Mind–body dualism

Models of abnormality

Models of abnormality are general hypotheses as to the nature of psychological abnormalities.

See Cognitive psychology and Models of abnormality

Mood (psychology)

In psychology, a mood is an affective state.

See Cognitive psychology and Mood (psychology)

Motor skill

A motor skill is a function that involves specific movements of the body's muscles to perform a certain task.

See Cognitive psychology and Motor skill

Nancy Kanwisher

Nancy Gail Kanwisher FBA (born 1958) is the Walter A Rosenblith Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience in the Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a researcher at the McGovern Institute for Brain Research.

See Cognitive psychology and Nancy Kanwisher

Naturalistic decision-making

The naturalistic decision making (NDM) framework emerged as a means of studying how people make decisions and perform cognitively complex functions in demanding, real-world situations.

See Cognitive psychology and Naturalistic decision-making

Neurocognition

Neurocognitive functions are cognitive functions closely linked to the function of particular areas, neural pathways, or cortical networks in the brain, ultimately served by the substrate of the brain's neurological matrix (i.e. at the cellular and molecular level). Cognitive psychology and Neurocognition are cognition.

See Cognitive psychology and Neurocognition

Neuroimaging

Neuroimaging is the use of quantitative (computational) techniques to study the structure and function of the central nervous system, developed as an objective way of scientifically studying the healthy human brain in a non-invasive manner.

See Cognitive psychology and Neuroimaging

Neurolinguistics

Neurolinguistics is the study of neural mechanisms in the human brain that control the comprehension, production, and acquisition of language.

See Cognitive psychology and Neurolinguistics

Neuropsychology

Neuropsychology is a branch of psychology concerned with how a person's cognition and behavior are related to the brain and the rest of the nervous system.

See Cognitive psychology and Neuropsychology

Neuroscience

Neuroscience is the scientific study of the nervous system (the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system), its functions and disorders.

See Cognitive psychology and Neuroscience

Noam Chomsky

Avram Noam Chomsky (born December 7, 1928) is an American professor and public intellectual known for his work in linguistics, political activism, and social criticism.

See Cognitive psychology and Noam Chomsky

Numerical cognition

Numerical cognition is a subdiscipline of cognitive science that studies the cognitive, developmental and neural bases of numbers and mathematics. Cognitive psychology and Numerical cognition are cognition.

See Cognitive psychology and Numerical cognition

Object recognition (cognitive science)

Visual object recognition refers to the ability to identify the objects in view based on visual input.

See Cognitive psychology and Object recognition (cognitive science)

Orienting response

The orienting response (OR), also called orienting reflex, is an organism's immediate response to a change in its environment, when that change is not sudden enough to elicit the startle reflex.

See Cognitive psychology and Orienting response

Otto Selz

Otto Selz (14 February 1881 – 27 August 1943) was a German psychologist from Munich, Bavaria, who formulated the first non-associationist theory of thinking, in 1913.

See Cognitive psychology and Otto Selz

Pattern recognition

Pattern recognition is the task of assigning a class to an observation based on patterns extracted from data.

See Cognitive psychology and Pattern recognition

Paul Bloom

Paul Bloom may refer to.

See Cognitive psychology and Paul Bloom

Paul Broca

Pierre Paul Broca (also,,; 28 June 1824 – 9 July 1880) was a French physician, anatomist and anthropologist.

See Cognitive psychology and Paul Broca

Perception

Perception is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the presented information or environment.

See Cognitive psychology and Perception

Perceptual control theory

Perceptual control theory (PCT) is a model of behavior based on the properties of negative feedback control loops.

See Cognitive psychology and Perceptual control theory

Personal information management

Personal information management (PIM) is the study and implementation of the activities that people perform in order to acquire or create, store, organize, maintain, retrieve, and use informational items such as documents (paper-based and digital), web pages, and email messages for everyday use to complete tasks (work-related or not) and fulfill a person's various roles (as parent, employee, friend, member of community, etc.); it is information management with intrapersonal scope.

See Cognitive psychology and Personal information management

Philip Johnson-Laird

Philip Nicholas Johnson-Laird, FRS, FBA (born 12 October 1936) is a philosopher of language and reasoning and a developer of the mental model theory of reasoning.

See Cognitive psychology and Philip Johnson-Laird

Phoneme

In linguistics and specifically phonology, a phoneme is any set of similar phones (speech sounds) that is perceptually regarded by the speakers of a language as a single distinct unit, a single basic sound, which helps distinguish one word from another.

See Cognitive psychology and Phoneme

Phonetics

Phonetics is a branch of linguistics that studies how humans produce and perceive sounds or, in the case of sign languages, the equivalent aspects of sign.

See Cognitive psychology and Phonetics

Phonology

Phonology is the branch of linguistics that studies how languages systematically organize their phones or, for sign languages, their constituent parts of signs.

See Cognitive psychology and Phonology

Piaget's theory of cognitive development

Piaget's theory of cognitive development, or his genetic epistemology, is a comprehensive theory about the nature and development of human intelligence.

See Cognitive psychology and Piaget's theory of cognitive development

Plato

Plato (Greek: Πλάτων), born Aristocles (Ἀριστοκλῆς; – 348 BC), was an ancient Greek philosopher of the Classical period who is considered a foundational thinker in Western philosophy and an innovator of the written dialogue and dialectic forms.

See Cognitive psychology and Plato

Problem solving

Problem solving is the process of achieving a goal by overcoming obstacles, a frequent part of most activities. Cognitive psychology and Problem solving are cognition.

See Cognitive psychology and Problem solving

Procedural knowledge

Procedural knowledge (also known as know-how, knowing-how, and sometimes referred to as practical knowledge, imperative knowledge, or performative knowledge) is the knowledge exercised in the performance of some task.

See Cognitive psychology and Procedural knowledge

Procedural memory

Procedural memory is a type of implicit memory (unconscious, long-term memory) which aids the performance of particular types of tasks without conscious awareness of these previous experiences.

See Cognitive psychology and Procedural memory

Propositional formula

In propositional logic, a propositional formula is a type of syntactic formula which is well formed.

See Cognitive psychology and Propositional formula

Proprioception

Proprioception is the sense of self-movement, force, and body position.

See Cognitive psychology and Proprioception

Psychoactive drug

A psychoactive drug, mind-altering drug, or consciousness-altering drug is a chemical substance that changes brain function and results in alterations in perception, mood, consciousness, cognition, or behavior.

See Cognitive psychology and Psychoactive drug

Psychodynamics

Psychodynamics, also known as psychodynamic psychology, in its broadest sense, is an approach to psychology that emphasizes systematic study of the psychological forces underlying human behavior, feelings, and emotions and how they might relate to early experience.

See Cognitive psychology and Psychodynamics

Psychological adaptation

A psychological adaptation is a functional, cognitive or behavioral trait that benefits an organism in its environment.

See Cognitive psychology and Psychological adaptation

Psychological nativism

In the field of psychology, nativism is the view that certain skills or abilities are "native" or hard-wired into the brain at birth.

See Cognitive psychology and Psychological nativism

Psychological Types

Psychological Types is a book by Carl Jung that was originally published in German by Rascher Verlag in 1921, and translated into English in 1923, becoming volume 6 of The Collected Works of C. G. Jung.

See Cognitive psychology and Psychological Types

Psychology of reasoning

The psychology of reasoning (also known as the cognitive science of reasoning) is the study of how people reason, often broadly defined as the process of drawing conclusions to inform how people solve problems and make decisions. Cognitive psychology and psychology of reasoning are cognition.

See Cognitive psychology and Psychology of reasoning

Psychophysics

Psychophysics quantitatively investigates the relationship between physical stimuli and the sensations and perceptions they produce.

See Cognitive psychology and Psychophysics

Reason

Reason is the capacity of applying logic consciously by drawing conclusions from new or existing information, with the aim of seeking the truth.

See Cognitive psychology and Reason

Receptive aphasia

Wernicke's aphasia, also known as receptive aphasia, sensory aphasia, fluent aphasia, or posterior aphasia, is a type of aphasia in which individuals have difficulty understanding written and spoken language.

See Cognitive psychology and Receptive aphasia

René Descartes

René Descartes (or;; 31 March 1596 – 11 February 1650) was a French philosopher, scientist, and mathematician, widely considered a seminal figure in the emergence of modern philosophy and science.

See Cognitive psychology and René Descartes

Richard Shiffrin

Richard Shiffrin (born March 13, 1942) is an American psychologist, professor of cognitive science in the Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences at Indiana University, Bloomington.

See Cognitive psychology and Richard Shiffrin

Robert A. Bjork

Robert Allen Bjork (born 1939) is Distinguished Professor of Psychology at the University of California, Los Angeles.

See Cognitive psychology and Robert A. Bjork

Robert Sternberg

Robert J. Sternberg (born December 8, 1949) is an American psychologist and psychometrician.

See Cognitive psychology and Robert Sternberg

Roger Shepard

Roger Newland Shepard (January 30, 1929 – May 30, 2022) was an American cognitive scientist and author of the "universal law of generalization" (1987).

See Cognitive psychology and Roger Shepard

Rubicon model

In psychological theories of motivation, the Rubicon model, more completely the Rubicon model of action phases, makes a distinction between motivational and volitional processes.

See Cognitive psychology and Rubicon model

Saul Sternberg

Saul Sternberg is a professor emeritus of psychology and former Paul C. Williams Term Professor (1993–1998) at the University of Pennsylvania.

See Cognitive psychology and Saul Sternberg

Scholarpedia

Scholarpedia is an English-language wiki-based online encyclopedia with features commonly associated with open-access online academic journals, which aims to have quality content in science and medicine.

See Cognitive psychology and Scholarpedia

Semantic memory

Semantic memory refers to general world knowledge that humans have accumulated throughout their lives.

See Cognitive psychology and Semantic memory

Sense of smell

The sense of smell, or olfaction, is the special sense through which smells (or odors) are perceived.

See Cognitive psychology and Sense of smell

Serial-position effect

Serial-position effect is the tendency of a person to recall the first and last items in a series best, and the middle items worst.

See Cognitive psychology and Serial-position effect

Seymour Papert

Seymour Aubrey Papert (29 February 1928 – 31 July 2016) was a South African-born American mathematician, computer scientist, and educator, who spent most of his career teaching and researching at MIT.

See Cognitive psychology and Seymour Papert

Short-term memory

Short-term memory (or "primary" or "active memory") is the capacity for holding a small amount of information in an active, readily available state for a short interval.

See Cognitive psychology and Short-term memory

Similarity (psychology)

Similarity refers to the psychological degree of identity of two mental representations. Cognitive psychology and Similarity (psychology) are cognition.

See Cognitive psychology and Similarity (psychology)

Situated cognition

Situated cognition is a theory that posits that knowing is inseparable from doing by arguing that all knowledge is situated in activity bound to social, cultural and physical contexts.

See Cognitive psychology and Situated cognition

Social cognition is a topic within psychology that focuses on how people process, store, and apply information about other people and social situations. Cognitive psychology and social cognition are cognition.

See Cognitive psychology and Social cognition

Social information processing theory, also known as SIP, is a psychological and sociological theory originally developed by Salancik and Pfeffer in 1978.

See Cognitive psychology and Social information processing (theory)

Socioeconomic status

Socioeconomic status (SES) is an economic and sociological combined total measure of a person's work experience and of an individual's or family's access to economic resources and social position in relation to others.

See Cognitive psychology and Socioeconomic status

Somatosensory system

The somatosensory system is a subset of the sensory nervous system responsible for the perception of touch.

See Cognitive psychology and Somatosensory system

Source-monitoring error

A source-monitoring error is a type of memory error where the source of a memory is incorrectly attributed to some specific recollected experience.

See Cognitive psychology and Source-monitoring error

Spaced repetition

Spaced repetition is an evidence-based learning technique that is usually performed with flashcards.

See Cognitive psychology and Spaced repetition

Steven Pinker

Steven Arthur Pinker (born September 18, 1954) is a Canadian-American cognitive psychologist, psycholinguist, popular science author, and public intellectual.

See Cognitive psychology and Steven Pinker

Stimulus–response model

The stimulus–response model is a conceptual framework in psychology that describes how individuals respond to external stimuli.

See Cognitive psychology and Stimulus–response model

Structuralism (psychology)

Structuralism in psychology (also structural psychology) is a theory of consciousness developed by Edward Bradford Titchener.

See Cognitive psychology and Structuralism (psychology)

Subconscious

In psychology, the subconscious is the part of the mind that is not currently of focal awareness.

See Cognitive psychology and Subconscious

Susan Carey

Susan E. Carey (born 1942) is an American psychologist who is a professor of psychology at Harvard University.

See Cognitive psychology and Susan Carey

Taste

The gustatory system or sense of taste is the sensory system that is partially responsible for the perception of taste (flavor).

See Cognitive psychology and Taste

The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two

"The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two: Some Limits on Our Capacity for Processing Information" is one of the most highly cited papers in psychology.

See Cognitive psychology and The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two

Theory of mind

In psychology, theory of mind refers to the capacity to understand other people by ascribing mental states to them.

See Cognitive psychology and Theory of mind

Thought

In their most common sense, the terms thought and thinking refer to cognitive processes that can happen independently of sensory stimulation.

See Cognitive psychology and Thought

Time perception

The study of time perception or chronoception is a field within psychology, cognitive linguistics and neuroscience that refers to the subjective experience, or sense, of time, which is measured by someone's own perception of the duration of the indefinite and unfolding of events. Cognitive psychology and time perception are cognition.

See Cognitive psychology and Time perception

Ulric Neisser

Ulric Richard Gustav Neisser (December 8, 1928 – February 17, 2012) was a German-American psychologist, Cornell University professor, and member of the US National Academy of Sciences. He has been referred to as the "father of cognitive psychology".

See Cognitive psychology and Ulric Neisser

Verbal reasoning

Verbal reasoning is understanding and reasoning using concepts framed in words.

See Cognitive psychology and Verbal reasoning

Visual processing

Visual processing is a term that is used to refer to the brain's ability to use and interpret visual information from the world.

See Cognitive psychology and Visual processing

Visual system

The visual system is the physiological basis of visual perception (the ability to detect and process light).

See Cognitive psychology and Visual system

Visual thinking

Visual thinking, also called visual or spatial learning or picture thinking, is the phenomenon of thinking through visual processing. Cognitive psychology and visual thinking are cognition.

See Cognitive psychology and Visual thinking

Vittorio Gallese

Vittorio Gallese is professor of Psychobiology at the University of Parma, Italy, and was professor in Experimental Aesthetics at the University of London, UK (2016–2018).

See Cognitive psychology and Vittorio Gallese

Vittorio Guidano

Vittorio Filippo Guidano (4 August 1944, Rome, Italy – 31 August 1999, Buenos Aires, Argentina) was an Italian neuropsychiatrist, creator of the cognitive procedural systemic model and contributor to constructivist post-rationalist cognitive therapy.

See Cognitive psychology and Vittorio Guidano

Von Restorff effect

The Von Restorff effect, also known as the "isolation effect", predicts that when multiple homogeneous stimuli are presented, the stimulus that differs from the rest is more likely to be remembered.

See Cognitive psychology and Von Restorff effect

Water-level task

The water-level task is an experiment in developmental and cognitive psychology developed by Jean Piaget.

See Cognitive psychology and Water-level task

Willem Levelt

Willem Johannes Maria (Pim) Levelt (born 17 May 1938 in Amsterdam) is a Dutch psycholinguist.

See Cognitive psychology and Willem Levelt

William Kaye Estes

William Kaye Estes (June 17, 1919 – August 17, 2011) was an American psychologist.

See Cognitive psychology and William Kaye Estes

Working memory

Working memory is a cognitive system with a limited capacity that can hold information temporarily.

See Cognitive psychology and Working memory

World War II

World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.

See Cognitive psychology and World War II

See also

1967 introductions

• Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules
• Cefalexin
• Cognitive psychology
• Guilford's Alternate Uses
• Hiding hand principle
• Honda Z50M
• Honda Z50R
• ISO 639
• Jeet Kune Do
• Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il badges
• Kvass barrel
• Octavia (effects pedal)
• Panton Chair
• Plazma (biscuit)
• Power pop
• Rosenbrock system matrix
• Spectacle (critical theory)
• Stylophone
• Super Bowl commercials
• The Pass (psychoanalysis)
• Trolley problem
• Wang 4000
• Wicked problem

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_psychology

Also known as Applications of cognitive psychology, Cognitive Approach in Psychology, Cognitive psychologist, Controversies in cognitive psychology, Criticism of cognitive psychology, History of cognitive psychology.

, Consciousness, Coping, Creativity, Cryptomnesia, Cybernetics, Daniel Kahneman, Daniel Schacter, David Ausubel, David Rumelhart, Déjà vu, Decay theory, Decision-making, Declarative knowledge, Dedre Gentner, Deductive reasoning, Dialectic, Discursive psychology, Donald Broadbent, Dual process theory, Dual-coding theory, Ecological psychology, Economics, Edward B. Titchener, Eiffel Tower, Eleanor Rosch, Eleanor Saffran, Elizabeth Bates, Elizabeth Loftus, Ellen Markman, Emotion and memory, Empiricism, Endel Tulving, Episodic memory, Eric Lenneberg, Eugene Galanter, Evolutionary psychology, Expressive aphasia, Eyewitness memory, False memory, Fergus I. M. Craik, Flashbulb memory, Form perception, Frederic Bartlett, Fuzzy-trace theory, Generative grammar, Genetic epistemology, George Armitage Miller, George Berkeley, George Mandler, George Sperling, Giacomo Rizzolatti, Glasser's choice theory, Gordon H. Bower, Gordon Moskowitz, Grammar, Hallucination, Henry L. Roediger III, Herbert A. Simon, Hermann Ebbinghaus, Hierarchy, Illusory truth effect, Imagination inflation, Immanuel Kant, Information processing (psychology), Information theory, Interference theory, Intertrial priming, James McClelland (psychologist), Jean Mandler, Jean Piaget, Jerome Bruner, John Locke, John Robert Anderson (psychologist), Jungian cognitive functions, K. Anders Ericsson, Karl H. Pribram, Knowledge organization, Knowledge representation and reasoning, Language, Language acquisition, Language development, Language processing in the brain, Larry Squire, Learning disability, Lev Vygotsky, Linguistics, List of cognitive biases, Logic, Long-term memory, Media psychology, Memory, Memory and aging, Mental image, Meta-analysis, Metacognition, Michael Gazzaniga, Michael Posner (psychologist), Mind–body dualism, Models of abnormality, Mood (psychology), Motor skill, Nancy Kanwisher, Naturalistic decision-making, Neurocognition, Neuroimaging, Neurolinguistics, Neuropsychology, Neuroscience, Noam Chomsky, Numerical cognition, Object recognition (cognitive science), Orienting response, Otto Selz, Pattern recognition, Paul Bloom, Paul Broca, Perception, Perceptual control theory, Personal information management, Philip Johnson-Laird, Phoneme, Phonetics, Phonology, Piaget's theory of cognitive development, Plato, Problem solving, Procedural knowledge, Procedural memory, Propositional formula, Proprioception, Psychoactive drug, Psychodynamics, Psychological adaptation, Psychological nativism, Psychological Types, Psychology of reasoning, Psychophysics, Reason, Receptive aphasia, René Descartes, Richard Shiffrin, Robert A. Bjork, Robert Sternberg, Roger Shepard, Rubicon model, Saul Sternberg, Scholarpedia, Semantic memory, Sense of smell, Serial-position effect, Seymour Papert, Short-term memory, Similarity (psychology), Situated cognition, Social cognition, Social information processing (theory), Socioeconomic status, Somatosensory system, Source-monitoring error, Spaced repetition, Steven Pinker, Stimulus–response model, Structuralism (psychology), Subconscious, Susan Carey, Taste, The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two, Theory of mind, Thought, Time perception, Ulric Neisser, Verbal reasoning, Visual processing, Visual system, Visual thinking, Vittorio Gallese, Vittorio Guidano, Von Restorff effect, Water-level task, Willem Levelt, William Kaye Estes, Working memory, World War II.