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Coinage of Saxony, the Glossary

189 relations: Abbey, Advocatus, Albert III, Duke of Saxony, Albertine branch, Annaberg-Buchholz, Archbishopric of Magdeburg, Augustus II the Strong, Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels, Augustus, Elector of Saxony, Austria, Bad Langensalza, Balthasar, Landgrave of Thuringia, Bartgroschen, Battle axe, Battle of Mühlberg, Bautzen, Bishop of Dresden-Meissen, Bishopric of Naumburg-Zeitz, Bohemia, Bracteate, Burgundy, Capital punishment, Carolingian Empire, Carolingian pound, Central Europe, Christian I, Duke of Saxe-Merseburg, Coin base weight, Coin of account, Coinage of Saxony, Coining (mint), Colditz, Commemorative coin, Conrad, Margrave of Meissen, Countermark, Crest (heraldry), Cross fleury, Cross potent, Currency, Debasement, Denarius, Diocesan administrator, Dohna, Dreier (coin), Dresden, Dresden Castle, Duchy of Thuringia, Dynasty, Eckard I, Margrave of Meissen, Eilenburg, Elbe, ... Expand index (139 more) »
History of Saxony
Mining in the Ore Mountains

Abbey

An abbey is a type of monastery used by members of a religious order under the governance of an abbot or abbess.

During the Middle Ages, an (sometimes given as modern English: advocate; German:; French) was an office-holder who was legally delegated to perform some of the secular responsibilities of a major feudal lord, or for an institution such as an abbey.

See Coinage of Saxony and Advocatus

Albert III, Duke of Saxony

Albert III (Albrecht) (27 January 144312 September 1500) was a Duke of Saxony.

See Coinage of Saxony and Albert III, Duke of Saxony

Albertine branch

The Albertine branch is a German princely family of the House of Wettin.

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Annaberg-Buchholz

Annaberg-Buchholz is a town in Saxony, in eastern Germany.

See Coinage of Saxony and Annaberg-Buchholz

Archbishopric of Magdeburg

The Archbishopric of Magdeburg was a Latin Catholic archdiocese (969–1552) and Prince-Archbishopric (1180–1680) of the Holy Roman Empire centered on the city of Magdeburg on the Elbe River.

See Coinage of Saxony and Archbishopric of Magdeburg

Augustus II the Strong

Augustus II the Strong (12 May 1670 – 1 February 1733), was Elector of Saxony from 1694 as well as King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1697 to 1706 and from 1709 until his death in 1733.

See Coinage of Saxony and Augustus II the Strong

Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels

Augustus of Saxe-Weissenfels (13 August 1614 in Dresden – 4 June 1680 in Halle), was a Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels-Querfurt of the House of Wettin and administrator of the Archbishopric of Magdeburg.

See Coinage of Saxony and Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels

Augustus, Elector of Saxony

Augustus (31 July 152611 February 1586) was Elector of Saxony from 1553 to 1586.

See Coinage of Saxony and Augustus, Elector of Saxony

Austria

Austria, formally the Republic of Austria, is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps.

See Coinage of Saxony and Austria

Bad Langensalza

Bad Langensalza (until 1956: Langensalza) is a spa town of 17,500 inhabitants in the Unstrut-Hainich district, Thuringia, central Germany.

See Coinage of Saxony and Bad Langensalza

Balthasar, Landgrave of Thuringia

Landgrave Balthasar of Thuringia (21 December 1336 in Weißenfels – 18 May 1406 at the Wartburg in Eisenach) was Margrave of Meissen and Landgrave of Thuringia from the House of Wettin.

See Coinage of Saxony and Balthasar, Landgrave of Thuringia

Bartgroschen

The Bartgroschen ("beard groschen") was a Saxon coin minted in 1492 and 1493 and embossed with an image of the bearded Duke Frederick III, the Wise (1486–1525). Coinage of Saxony and Bartgroschen are coins of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Battle axe

A battle axe (also battle-axe, battle ax, or battle-ax) is an axe specifically designed for combat.

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Battle of Mühlberg

The Battle of Mühlberg took place near Mühlberg in the Electorate of Saxony in 1547, during the Schmalkaldic War.

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Bautzen

Bautzen or Budyšin, until 1868 Budissin in German, is a town in eastern Saxony, Germany, and the administrative centre of the district of Bautzen.

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Bishop of Dresden-Meissen

The Bishop of Dresden-Meissen is the ordinary of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Dresden-Meissen in the Archdiocese of Berlin.

See Coinage of Saxony and Bishop of Dresden-Meissen

Bishopric of Naumburg-Zeitz

The Prince-Bishopric of Naumburg-Zeitz (Bistum Naumburg-Zeitz; Citizensis, then Naumburgensis or Nuemburgensis) was a medieval diocese in the central German area between Leipzig in the east and Erfurt in the west.

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Bohemia

Bohemia (Čechy; Böhmen; Čěska; Czechy) is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech Republic.

See Coinage of Saxony and Bohemia

Bracteate

A bracteate (from the Latin bractea, a thin piece of metal) is a flat, thin, single-sided gold medal worn as jewelry that was produced in Northern Europe predominantly during the Migration Period of the Germanic Iron Age (including the Vendel era in Sweden).

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Burgundy

Burgundy (Bourgogne; Burgundian: bourguignon) is a historical territory and former administrative region and province of east-central France.

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Capital punishment

Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty and formerly called judicial homicide, is the state-sanctioned killing of a person as punishment for actual or supposed misconduct.

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Carolingian Empire

The Carolingian Empire (800–887) was a Frankish-dominated empire in Western and Central Europe during the Early Middle Ages.

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Carolingian pound

The Carolingian pound (pondus Caroli, Karlspfund), also called Charlemagne's pound or the Charlemagne pound, was a unit of weight that emerged during the reign of Charlemagne.

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Central Europe

Central Europe is a geographical region of Europe between Eastern, Southern, Western and Northern Europe.

See Coinage of Saxony and Central Europe

Christian I, Duke of Saxe-Merseburg

Christian I of Saxe-Merseburg (Dresden, 27 October 1615 – Merseburg, 18 October 1691), was the first duke of Saxe-Merseburg and a member of the House of Wettin.

See Coinage of Saxony and Christian I, Duke of Saxe-Merseburg

Coin base weight

A coin base weight (Münzgrundgewicht) is a mathematical reference for the minting of coins that was used in the monetary systems of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Coin of account

A coin of account is a unit of money that does not exist as an actual coin (that is, a metal disk) but is used in figuring prices or other amounts of money.

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Coinage of Saxony

The history of Saxon coinage or Meissen-Saxon coinage comprises three major periods: the high medieval regional pfennig period (bracteate period), the late medieval pfennig period and the thaler period, which ended with the introduction of the mark in 1871/72. Coinage of Saxony and coinage of Saxony are coins of the Holy Roman Empire, history of Saxony and mining in the Ore Mountains.

See Coinage of Saxony and Coinage of Saxony

Coining (mint)

Minting, coining or coinage is the process of manufacturing coins using a kind of stamping, the process used in both hammered coinage and milled coinage.

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Colditz

Colditz is a small town in the district of Leipzig, in Saxony, Germany.

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Commemorative coin

A commemorative coin is a coin issued to commemorate some particular event or issue with a distinct design with reference to the occasion on which they were issued.

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Conrad, Margrave of Meissen

Conrad I (– 5 February 1157), called the Great (Konrad der Große), a member of the House of Wettin, was Margrave of Meissen from 1123 and Margrave of Lusatia from 1136 until his retirement in 1156.

See Coinage of Saxony and Conrad, Margrave of Meissen

Countermark

A countermarked, punchmarked or counterstamped coin is a coin that has had some additional mark or symbol punched into it at some point after it was originally produced while in circulation.

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Crest (heraldry)

A crest is a component of a heraldic display, consisting of the device borne on top of the helm.

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Cross fleury

A cross fleury (or flory) is a cross adorned at the ends with flowers in heraldry.

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Cross potent

A cross potent (plural: crosses potent), also known as a crutch cross, is a form of heraldic cross with crossbars at the four ends.

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Currency

A currency is a standardization of money in any form, in use or circulation as a medium of exchange, for example banknotes and coins.

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Debasement

A debasement of coinage is the practice of lowering the intrinsic value of coins, especially when used in connection with commodity money, such as gold or silver coins, while continuing to circulate it at face value.

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Denarius

The denarius (dēnāriī) was the standard Roman silver coin from its introduction in the Second Punic War to the reign of Gordian III (AD 238–244), when it was gradually replaced by the antoninianus.

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Diocesan administrator

A Diocesan administrator (also known as archdiocesan administrator, archiepiscopal administrator and eparchial administrator for the case, respectively, of an archdiocese, archeparchy, and eparchy) is a provisional ordinary of a Catholic particular church.

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Dohna

Dohna is a town in the Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge district, Saxony, Germany.

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Dreier (coin)

The Dreipfenniggröschlein, commonly called the Dreier or Dreyer, was a coin initially minted in the Electorate of Saxony from the 16th century. Coinage of Saxony and Dreier (coin) are coins of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Dresden

Dresden (Upper Saxon: Dräsdn; Drježdźany) is the capital city of the German state of Saxony and it is the second most populous city after Leipzig.

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Dresden Castle

Dresden Castle or Royal Palace (Dresdner Residenzschloss or Dresdner Schloss) is one of the oldest buildings in Dresden, Germany.

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Duchy of Thuringia

The Duchy of Thuringia was an eastern frontier march of the Merovingian kingdom of Austrasia, established about 631 by King Dagobert I after his troops had been defeated by the forces of the Slavic confederation of Samo at the Battle of Wogastisburg.

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Dynasty

A dynasty is a sequence of rulers from the same family,Oxford English Dictionary, "dynasty, n." Oxford University Press (Oxford), 1897.

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Eckard I, Margrave of Meissen

Eckard I (Ekkehard; – 30 April 1002) was Margrave of Meissen from 985 until his death.

See Coinage of Saxony and Eckard I, Margrave of Meissen

Eilenburg

Eilenburg (Jiłow) is a town in Germany.

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Elbe

The Elbe (Labe; Ilv or Elv; Upper and Łobjo) is one of the major rivers of Central Europe.

See Coinage of Saxony and Elbe

Electorate of Saxony

The Electorate of Saxony, also known as Electoral Saxony (Kurfürstentum Sachsen or), was a territory of the Holy Roman Empire from 1356–1806. Coinage of Saxony and Electorate of Saxony are history of Saxony.

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Ernest, Elector of Saxony

Ernest (24 March 144126 August 1486), known as Ernst in German, was Elector of Saxony from 1464 to 1486.

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Fineness

The fineness of a precious metal object (coin, bar, jewelry, etc.) represents the weight of fine metal therein, in proportion to the total weight which includes alloying base metals and any impurities.

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Frederick Augustus I of Saxony

Frederick Augustus I (Friedrich August I.; Fryderyk August I; Frédéric-Auguste Ier; 23 December 1750 – 5 May 1827) was a member of the House of Wettin who reigned as the last Elector of Saxony from 1763 to 1806 (as Frederick Augustus III) and as the first King of Saxony from 1806 to 1827.

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Frederick II, Elector of Saxony

Frederick II, The Gentle (Friedrich, der Sanftmütige; Frederick the Gentle; 22 August 1412 – 7 September 1464) was Elector of Saxony (1428–1464) and was Landgrave of Thuringia (1440–1445).

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Frederick II, Margrave of Meissen

Frederick II (30 November 1310 – 18 November 1349) was the margrave of Meissen from 1323 until his death.

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Frederick III, Elector of Saxony

Frederick III (17 January 1463 – 5 May 1525), also known as Frederick the Wise (German: Friedrich der Weise), was Prince-elector of Saxony from 1486 to 1525, who is mostly remembered for the protection given to his subject Martin Luther, the seminal figure of the Protestant Reformation.

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Frederick the Great

Frederick II (Friedrich II.; 24 January 171217 August 1786) was the monarch of Prussia from 1740 until 1786.

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Freiberg

Freiberg is a university and former mining town in Saxony, Germany.

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George, Duke of Saxony

George the Bearded (Meissen, 27 August 1471 – Dresden, 17 April 1539) was Duke of Saxony from 1500 to 1539 known for his opposition to the Reformation.

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Gera

Gera is a city in the German state of Thuringia.

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German Empire

The German Empire, also referred to as Imperial Germany, the Second Reich or simply Germany, was the period of the German Reich from the unification of Germany in 1871 until the November Revolution in 1918, when the German Reich changed its form of government from a monarchy to a republic.

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German mark (1871)

The German mark (Goldmark; sign: ℳ&#xfe01) was the currency of the German Empire, which spanned from 1871 to 1918.

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Gotha

Gotha is the fifth-largest city in Thuringia, Germany, west of Erfurt and east of Eisenach with a population of 44,000.

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Groschen

Groschen (from grossus "thick", via Old Czech groš) is the (sometimes colloquial) name for various coins, especially a silver coin used in parts of Europe such as France, some of the Italian states, England, various states of the Holy Roman Empire, among others. Coinage of Saxony and Groschen are coins of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Guldengroschen

The Guldengroschen or Guldiner was a large silver coin originally minted in Tirol in 1486, but which was introduced into the Duchy of Saxony in 1500.

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Hamburg

Hamburg (Hamborg), officially the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg,.

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Heller (coin)

The Heller, abbreviation hlr, was a coin, originally valued at half a pfennig, that was issued in Switzerland and states of the Holy Roman Empire, surviving in some European countries until the 20th century. Coinage of Saxony and Heller (coin) are coins of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Henry III, Margrave of Meissen

Henry III, called Henry the Illustrious (Heinrich der Erlauchte) (c. 1215 – 15 February 1288) from the House of Wettin was Margrave of Meissen and last Margrave of Lusatia (as Henry IV) from 1221 until his death; from 1242 also Landgrave of Thuringia.

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Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor

Henry IV (Heinrich IV; 11 November 1050 – 7 August 1106) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 to 1105, King of Germany from 1054 to 1105, King of Italy and Burgundy from 1056 to 1105, and Duke of Bavaria from 1052 to 1054.

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High Middle Ages

The High Middle Ages, or High Medieval Period, was the period of European history that lasted from AD 1000 to 1300.

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Holy Roman Emperor

The Holy Roman Emperor, originally and officially the Emperor of the Romans (Imperator Romanorum, Kaiser der Römer) during the Middle Ages, and also known as the Roman-German Emperor since the early modern period (Imperator Germanorum, Roman-German emperor), was the ruler and head of state of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire, also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512, was a polity in Central and Western Europe, usually headed by the Holy Roman Emperor.

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House of Wettin

The House of Wettin was a dynasty of German kings, prince-electors, dukes, and counts that once ruled territories in the present-day German states of Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia.

See Coinage of Saxony and House of Wettin

Imperial circle

During the early modern period, the Holy Roman Empire was divided into imperial circles (Circuli imperii, Reichskreise; singular: Circulus imperii, Reichskreis), administrative groupings whose primary purposes were the organization of common defensive structure and the collection of imperial taxes.

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Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)

The Imperial Diet (or Comitium Imperiale; Reichstag) was the deliberative body of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Imperial vicar

An imperial vicar (Reichsvikar) was a prince charged with administering all or part of the Holy Roman Empire on behalf of the emperor.

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Ingot

An ingot is a piece of relatively pure material, usually metal, that is cast into a shape suitable for further processing.

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John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony

John Frederick I (30 June 1503 in Torgau – 3 March 1554 in Weimar), called the Magnanimous, was the Elector of Saxony (1532–1547) and head of the Schmalkaldic League.

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John George II, Elector of Saxony

Johann George II (31 May 1613 - 22 August 1680) was the Elector of Saxony from 1656 to 1680.

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John, Elector of Saxony

John (30 June 146816 August 1532), known as John the Steadfast or John the Constant (Johann, der Beständige), was Elector of Saxony from 1525 until 1532 from the House of Wettin.

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Jura regalia

Jura regalia is a medieval legal term that denoted rights that belonged exclusively to the king, either as essential to his sovereignty (jura majora, jura essentialia), such as royal authority, or as accidental (jura minora, jura accidentalia), such as hunting, fishing and mining rights.

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Kingdom of Bohemia

The Kingdom of Bohemia (České království), sometimes referenced in English literature as the Czech Kingdom, was a medieval and early modern monarchy in Central Europe.

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Kingdom of Saxony

The Kingdom of Saxony (Königreich Sachsen) was a German monarchy that existed in Central Europe between 1806 to 1918.

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Kipper und Wipper

Kipper und Wipper (Kipper- und Wipperzeit, literally "Tipper and See-saw time") was a financial crisis during the start of the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648).

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Landgrave

Landgrave (Landgraf, landgraaf, lantgreve, landgrave; comes magnus, comes patriae, comes provinciae, comes terrae, comes principalis, lantgravius) was a rank of nobility used in the Holy Roman Empire, and its former territories.

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Late Middle Ages

The late Middle Ages or late medieval period was the period of European history lasting from AD 1300 to 1500.

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Leipzig

Leipzig (Upper Saxon: Leibz'sch) is the most populous city in the German state of Saxony.

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Leipzig standard

The Leipzig standard, sometimes called the Leipzig Mint standard, (German: Leipziger Fuß) was a standard of coinage or Münzfuß originally established by the Electorate of Brandenburg in 1687 for silver coins and known as the 12-Taler standard to replace the Zinna standard.

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Liechtenstein

Liechtenstein, officially the Principality of Liechtenstein (Fürstentum Liechtenstein), is a doubly landlocked German-speaking microstate in the Central European Alps, between Austria in the east and north and Switzerland in the west and south.

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Life estate

In common law and statutory law, a life estate (or life tenancy) is the ownership of immovable property for the duration of a person's life.

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List of counts palatine of the Rhine

This article lists counts palatine of Lotharingia, counts palatine of the Rhine, and electors of the Palatinate (Kurfürst von der Pfalz), the titles of three counts palatine who ruled some part of the Rhine region in the Kingdom of Germany and the Holy Roman Empire between 915 to 1803.

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List of margraves of Meissen

This article lists the margraves of Meissen, a march and territorial state on the eastern border of the Holy Roman Empire.

See Coinage of Saxony and List of margraves of Meissen

List of the burgraves of Meissen

This is a list of the burgraves of Meissen.

See Coinage of Saxony and List of the burgraves of Meissen

Lost-wax casting

Lost-wax castingalso called investment casting, precision casting, or cire perdue (borrowed from French)is the process by which a duplicate sculpture (often a metal, such as silver, gold, brass, or bronze) is cast from an original sculpture.

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Lower Saxon Circle

The Lower Saxon Circle (Niedersächsischer Reichskreis) was an Imperial Circle of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Magdeburg

Magdeburg is the capital of the German state Saxony-Anhalt.

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Margaret of Austria, Electress of Saxony

Margaret of Austria (c. 1416 – 12 February 1486), a member of the House of Habsburg, was Electress consort of Saxony from 1431 until 1464 by her marriage with the Wettin elector Frederick II.

See Coinage of Saxony and Margaret of Austria, Electress of Saxony

Margravate of Meissen

The Margravate or Margraviate of Meissen (Markgrafschaft Meißen) was a medieval principality in the area of the modern German state of Saxony.

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Margrave

Margrave was originally the medieval title for the military commander assigned to maintain the defence of one of the border provinces of the Holy Roman Empire or a kingdom.

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Margraviate of Brandenburg

The Margraviate of Brandenburg (Markgrafschaft Brandenburg) was a major principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1157 to 1806 that played a pivotal role in the history of Germany and Central Europe.

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Mark (unit)

The Mark (from Middle High German: Marc, march, brand) is originally a medieval weight or mass unit, which supplanted the pound weight as a precious metals and coinage weight in parts of Europe in the 11th century.

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Martin Luther

Martin Luther (10 November 1483– 18 February 1546) was a German priest, theologian, author, hymnwriter, professor, and Augustinian friar.

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Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg

Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg), also referred to as MLU, is a public research university in the cities of Halle and Wittenberg.

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Maurice, Duke of Saxe-Zeitz

Maurice of Saxe-Zeitz (28 March 1619 – 4 December 1681) was a duke of Saxe-Zeitz and member of the House of Wettin.

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Maurice, Elector of Saxony

Maurice (21 March 1521 – 9 July 1553) was Duke (1541–47) and later Elector (1547–53) of Saxony.

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Münzmeister

In medieval and early modern Germany, the Münzmeister ("mint master", the Latin term is monetarius) was the head or manager of a mint, a moneyer with responsibility for the minting of coins, or specie.

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Medal

A medal or medallion is a small portable artistic object, a thin disc, normally of metal, carrying a design, usually on both sides.

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Medalist

A medalist (or medallist) is an artist who designs medals, plaquettes, badges, metal medallions, coins and similar small works in relief in metal.

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Meissen

Meissen (Meißen), is a town of approximately 30,000 about northwest of Dresden on both banks of the Elbe river in the Free State of Saxony, in eastern Germany.

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Meissen groschen

The Meissen groschen (Meißner Groschen) or broad groschen (Breite Groschen) was a Meissen-Saxon silver coin of the 14th and 15th centuries and the regional currency of the Margraviate of Meissen in the Late Middle Ages. Coinage of Saxony and Meissen groschen are coins of the Holy Roman Empire and history of Saxony.

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Meissen gulden

The Meissen gulden (German: Meißnische Gulden, Meißner Gulden or Gulden Meißnisch), abbreviation Mfl., was a Rhenish Gold Gulden that was established in Saxony in 1490 at a value of 21 groschen and which, from 1542 to 1838 became a coin of account (a notional accounting gulden) of the same value. Coinage of Saxony and Meissen gulden are coins of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Ministerialis

The ministeriales (singular: ministerialis) were a class of people raised up from serfdom and placed in positions of power and responsibility in the High Middle Ages in the Holy Roman Empire.

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Mint (facility)

A mint is an industrial facility which manufactures coins that can be used as currency.

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Minting rights

From the Middle Ages to the Early modern period (or even later), to have minting rights was to have "the power to mint coins and to control currency within one's own dominion.".

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Mintmaster mark

Mintmaster marks (German: Münzmeisterzeichen, abbreviation Mmz.) are often the initials of the mintmaster of a mint or small symbols (cross, star, coat of arms, heraldic device, etc.) for example at the size of the letters on a coin inscription to denote the coins made under his direction.

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Monetary system

A monetary system is a system by which a government provides money in a country's economy.

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Munich

Munich (München) is the capital and most populous city of the Free State of Bavaria, Germany.

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Naumburg

Naumburg is a town in (and the administrative capital of) the district Burgenlandkreis, in the state of Saxony-Anhalt, Central Germany.

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Netherlands

The Netherlands, informally Holland, is a country located in Northwestern Europe with overseas territories in the Caribbean.

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Neugroschen

The Neugroschen ("new groschen", abbreviation Ngr.) was a Saxon Scheidemünze coin minted from 1841 to 1873 which had the inscription Neugroschen.

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Numismatics

Numismatics is the study or collection of currency, including coins, tokens, paper money, medals and related objects.

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Order of the Dannebrog

The Order of the Dannebrog (Dannebrogordenen) is a Danish order of chivalry instituted in 1671 by Christian V.

See Coinage of Saxony and Order of the Dannebrog

Order of the Elephant

The Order of the Elephant (Elefantordenen) is a Danish order of chivalry and is Denmark's highest-ranked honour.

See Coinage of Saxony and Order of the Elephant

Ore Mountains

The Ore Mountains (Erzgebirge, Krušné hory) lie along the Czech–German border, separating the historical regions of Bohemia in the Czech Republic and Saxony in Germany.

See Coinage of Saxony and Ore Mountains

Otto Adelheid Pfennig

The Otto Adelheid Pfennig (OAP) was a German coin type bearing the names of Emperor Otto III of the Holy Roman Empire and his grandmother Adelaide of Burgundy (Athalhet), which was minted soon after 983 as a regional ''pfennig'' in the Harz region. Coinage of Saxony and Otto Adelheid Pfennig are coins of the Holy Roman Empire.

See Coinage of Saxony and Otto Adelheid Pfennig

Otto the Great

Otto I (23 November 912 – 7 May 973), traditionally known as Otto the Great (Otto der Große Ottone il Grande), or Otto of Saxony (Otto von Sachsen Ottone di Sassonia), was East Frankish king from 936 and Holy Roman Emperor from 962 until his death in 973.

See Coinage of Saxony and Otto the Great

Partition (politics)

In politics, a partition is a change of political borders cutting through at least one territory considered a homeland by some community.

See Coinage of Saxony and Partition (politics)

Pegau

Pegau is a town in the Leipzig district in Saxony, Germany, situated in a fertile plain, on the White Elster, 18 m. S.W. from Leipzig by the railway to Zeitz.

See Coinage of Saxony and Pegau

Pegau Abbey

The Abbey of St.

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Pfennig

The pfennig (. 'pfennigs' or 'pfennige'; symbol pf or ₰) or penny is a former German coin or note, which was the official currency from the 9th century until the introduction of the euro in 2002. While a valuable coin during the Middle Ages, it lost its value through the years and was the minor coin of the Mark currencies in the German Reich, West Germany and East Germany, and the reunified Germany until the introduction of the euro.

See Coinage of Saxony and Pfennig

Planchet

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See Coinage of Saxony and Planchet

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

Poland–Lithuania, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and also referred to as the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth or the First Polish Republic, was a bi-confederal state, sometimes called a federation, of Poland and Lithuania ruled by a common monarch in real union, who was both King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania.

See Coinage of Saxony and Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

Portable art

Portable art (sometimes called mobiliary art) refers to the small examples of Prehistoric art that could be carried from place to place, which is especially characteristic of the Art of the Upper Palaeolithic and Mesolithic eras.

See Coinage of Saxony and Portable art

Prague groschen

The Prague groschen (pražský groš, grossi pragenses, Prager Groschen, grosz praski) was a groschen-type silver coin that was issued by Wenceslaus II of Bohemia since 1300 in the Kingdom of Bohemia and became very common throughout Medieval Central Europe.

See Coinage of Saxony and Prague groschen

Prince-elector

The prince-electors (Kurfürst pl. Kurfürsten, Kurfiřt, Princeps Elector) were the members of the electoral college that elected the ruler of the Holy Roman Empire.

See Coinage of Saxony and Prince-elector

Progenitor

In genealogy, the progenitor (rarer: primogenitor; Stammvater or Ahnherr) is the – sometimes legendary – founder of a family, line of descent, clan or tribe, noble house, or ethnic group.

See Coinage of Saxony and Progenitor

Puschwitz

Puschwitz (German) or Bóšicy (Upper Sorbian) is a municipality in the district of Bautzen, in Saxony, Germany.

See Coinage of Saxony and Puschwitz

Quatrefoil

A quatrefoil (anciently caterfoil) is a decorative element consisting of a symmetrical shape which forms the overall outline of four partially overlapping circles of the same diameter.

See Coinage of Saxony and Quatrefoil

Regional pfennig

The regional pfennig was a type of pfennig, a low denomination coin used in the Holy Roman Empire that began to appear in the 10th century after the period of the supra-regional pfennigs (mid-8th to mid-10th centuries) following the coin reform of the Emperor Charlemagne of Francia. Coinage of Saxony and regional pfennig are coins of the Holy Roman Empire.

See Coinage of Saxony and Regional pfennig

Reichsmünzfuß

The Reichsmünzfuß ("Imperial Minting Standard") was a coinage standard or Münzfuß officially adopted for general use in the Holy Roman Empire.

See Coinage of Saxony and Reichsmünzfuß

Reichsmünzordnung

The Reichsmünzordnung ("imperial minting ordinance") was an attempt to unify the numerous disparate coins in use in the various states of the Holy Roman Empire in the 16th century. Coinage of Saxony and Reichsmünzordnung are coins of the Holy Roman Empire.

See Coinage of Saxony and Reichsmünzordnung

Reichsthaler

The Reichsthaler (modern spelling Reichstaler), or more specifically the Reichsthaler specie, was a standard thaler silver coin introduced by the Holy Roman Empire in 1566 for use in all German states, minted in various versions for the next 300 years, and containing 25–26 grams fine silver. Coinage of Saxony and Reichsthaler are coins of the Holy Roman Empire.

See Coinage of Saxony and Reichsthaler

Rhenish gulden

The Rhenish gulden or Rhenish guilder (Rheinischer Gulden; florenus Rheni) was a gold, standard currency coin of the Rhineland in the 14th and 15th centuries. Coinage of Saxony and Rhenish gulden are coins of the Holy Roman Empire.

See Coinage of Saxony and Rhenish gulden

Romanesque art

Romanesque art is the art of Europe from approximately 1000 AD to the rise of the Gothic style in the 12th century, or later depending on region.

See Coinage of Saxony and Romanesque art

Roter Seufzer

The Roter Seufzer ("red sigh"), also called the Seufzer and Leipziger Seufzer, was the popular name of the inferior six-pfennig coin minted in huge quantities in 1701 and 1702 by the Prince-Elector of Saxony and King of Poland, Augustus the Strong (1694–1733). Coinage of Saxony and Roter Seufzer are coins of the Holy Roman Empire and history of Saxony.

See Coinage of Saxony and Roter Seufzer

Sachsenpfennig

The Sachsenpfennig ("Saxon pfennig"), sometimes called the Wendenpfennig or the Hochrandpfennig ("high rim pfennig"), was a well-known coin of the pfennig type minted in the eastern part of the Stem Duchy of Saxony during the 10th and 11th centuries. Coinage of Saxony and Sachsenpfennig are coins of the Holy Roman Empire and history of Saxony.

See Coinage of Saxony and Sachsenpfennig

Sachsenspiegel

The Sachsenspiegel (Sassen Speyghel; modern Sassenspegel; all literally "Saxon Mirror") is one of the most important law books and custumals compiled during the Holy Roman Empire.

See Coinage of Saxony and Sachsenspiegel

Sangerhausen

Sangerhausen is a town in Saxony-Anhalt, central Germany, capital of the district of Mansfeld-Südharz.

See Coinage of Saxony and Sangerhausen

Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach

Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach was a duchy within the Holy Roman Empire.

See Coinage of Saxony and Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach

Saxe-Merseburg

The Duchy of Saxe-Merseburg was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire, with Merseburg as its capital.

See Coinage of Saxony and Saxe-Merseburg

Saxe-Weimar

Saxe-Weimar (Sachsen-Weimar) was one of the Saxon duchies held by the Ernestine branch of the Wettin dynasty in present-day Thuringia.

See Coinage of Saxony and Saxe-Weimar

Saxe-Weissenfels

Saxe-Weissenfels (Sachsen-Weißenfels) was a Duchy of the Holy Roman Empire from 1656 until 1746 with its residence at Weißenfels.

See Coinage of Saxony and Saxe-Weissenfels

Saxe-Zeitz

The Duchy of Saxe-Zeitz (Herzogtum Sachsen-Zeitz) was a territory of the Holy Roman Empire established in 1656–57 as a secundogeniture of the Electoral Saxon house of House of Wettin.

See Coinage of Saxony and Saxe-Zeitz

Saxony

Saxony, officially the Free State of Saxony, is a landlocked state of Germany, bordering the states of Brandenburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia, Bavaria, as well as the countries of Poland and the Czech Republic.

See Coinage of Saxony and Saxony

Schüsselpfennig

A Schüsselpfennig ("dish pfennig"), also Gehulchter Pfennig ("hollow pfennig") is so called due to the stamping technique which results in a concave, one-sided type of Pfennig coin. Coinage of Saxony and Schüsselpfennig are coins of the Holy Roman Empire.

See Coinage of Saxony and Schüsselpfennig

Scherf

A Scherf (also Schärff or scharfer Pfennig - "sharp pfennig") was a low-value silver coin used in Erfurt and other cities of the Holy Roman Empire from the Middle Ages to the 18th century. Coinage of Saxony and Scherf are coins of the Holy Roman Empire.

See Coinage of Saxony and Scherf

Schildgroschen (Hesse)

The Hessian Schildgroschen (Hessische Schildgroschen) was a coin of the groschen type, based on the Meissen-Saxon Schildgroschen, one of the late medieval, ''Groschen'' period coins that was very similar to the Meissen ''Schildgroschen''. Coinage of Saxony and Schildgroschen (Hesse) are coins of the Holy Roman Empire.

See Coinage of Saxony and Schildgroschen (Hesse)

Schneeberg, Saxony

Schneeberg is a town in Saxony’s district of Erzgebirgskreis.

See Coinage of Saxony and Schneeberg, Saxony

Schock (coin)

The schock was an historical coin of account in the Kingdom of Saxony as well as in Bohemia and Silesia. Coinage of Saxony and schock (coin) are coins of the Holy Roman Empire and history of Saxony.

See Coinage of Saxony and Schock (coin)

Schreckenberg

The Schreckenberg is a mountain near Frohnau in the county of Erzgebirgskreis in the central Ore Mountains of Germany.

See Coinage of Saxony and Schreckenberg

Schweizerische Numismatische Rundschau

The Schweizerische Numismatische Rundschau (translation: Swiss Numismatic Review) is one of the two peer-reviewed multilingual journals of the Swiss Numismatic Society.

See Coinage of Saxony and Schweizerische Numismatische Rundschau

Seven Years' War

The Seven Years' War (1756–1763) was a global conflict involving most of the European great powers, fought primarily in Europe and the Americas.

See Coinage of Saxony and Seven Years' War

Speciesthaler

The Speciesthaler, also Speciestaler or Speziestaler, was a type of silver specie coin that was widespread from the 17th to the 19th century and was based on the ''9-Thaler'' standard of the original Reichsthaler. Coinage of Saxony and Speciesthaler are coins of the Holy Roman Empire.

See Coinage of Saxony and Speciesthaler

State coin

During the ''Kipper'' and ''Wipper'' period and until the late 18th century, state coins (Landmünzen in the German part of the Holy Roman Empire were those that were not minted according to the relevant imperial standard (Reichsfuß), but using a lesser alloy and thus were only fit for circulation in the territory of their mint masters. Coinage of Saxony and state coin are coins of the Holy Roman Empire.

See Coinage of Saxony and State coin

Stolpen

Stolpen (Stołpin) is a town in the district of Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge, in Saxony, Germany.

See Coinage of Saxony and Stolpen

Strehla

Strehla (Strjela) is a small town in the district of Meißen, Saxony, Germany.

See Coinage of Saxony and Strehla

Thaler

A thaler or taler (Taler, previously spelled Thaler) is one of the large silver coins minted in the states and territories of the Holy Roman Empire and the Habsburg monarchy during the Early Modern period. Coinage of Saxony and thaler are coins of the Holy Roman Empire.

See Coinage of Saxony and Thaler

Theodoric I, Margrave of Meissen

Theodoric I (11 March 1162 – 18 February 1221), called the Oppressed (Dietrich der Bedrängte), was the Margrave of Meissen from 1198 until his death.

See Coinage of Saxony and Theodoric I, Margrave of Meissen

Thirty Years' War

The Thirty Years' War, from 1618 to 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history.

See Coinage of Saxony and Thirty Years' War

Thuringia

Thuringia, officially the Free State of Thuringia, is a state of central Germany, covering, the sixth smallest of the sixteen German states.

See Coinage of Saxony and Thuringia

Trade

Trade involves the transfer of goods and services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money.

See Coinage of Saxony and Trade

Treaty of Leipzig

The Treaty of Leipzig or Partition of Leipzig (German Leipziger Teilung) was signed on 11 November 1485 between Elector Ernest of Saxony and his younger brother Albert III, the sons of Elector Frederick II of Saxony from the House of Wettin.

See Coinage of Saxony and Treaty of Leipzig

Treaty of Zinna

The Zinna Coin Treaty of 1667 for the standardisation of coinage was signed at Zinna Abbey, approx.

See Coinage of Saxony and Treaty of Zinna

Tyrol

Tyrol (historically the Tyrole; Tirol; Tirolo) is a historical region in the Alps of Northern Italy and western Austria.

See Coinage of Saxony and Tyrol

Upper Lusatia

Upper Lusatia (Górna Łužyca; Łużyce Górne or Milsko; Horní Lužice) is a historical region in Germany and Poland.

See Coinage of Saxony and Upper Lusatia

Upper Saxon Circle

The Upper Saxon Circle (Obersächsischer Reichskreis) was an Imperial Circle of the Holy Roman Empire, created in 1512.

See Coinage of Saxony and Upper Saxon Circle

Vereinsthaler

The Vereinsthaler (union thaler) was a standard silver coin used in most German states and the Austrian Empire in the years before German unification.

See Coinage of Saxony and Vereinsthaler

Vienna

Vienna (Wien; Austro-Bavarian) is the capital, most populous city, and one of nine federal states of Austria.

See Coinage of Saxony and Vienna

Wechselthaler

The Wechselthaler, also spelt Wechseltaler or Wechsel-Thaler ("exchange thaler"), was minted in 1670 and 1671 in the Electorate of Saxony under Elector John George II (1656–1680) to the Wechselthaler or Burgundian thaler standard (861/1000 fineness). Coinage of Saxony and Wechselthaler are coins of the Holy Roman Empire.

See Coinage of Saxony and Wechselthaler

Weida, Thuringia

Weida is a town in the district of Greiz, in Thuringia, Germany, situated 12 km south of Gera on the river Weida.

See Coinage of Saxony and Weida, Thuringia

Weimar

Weimar is a city in the German state of Thuringia, in Central Germany between Erfurt to the west and Jena to the east, southwest of Leipzig, north of Nuremberg and west of Dresden.

See Coinage of Saxony and Weimar

William I, Margrave of Meissen

William I, the one-eyed, (19 December 1343, Dresden – 9 February 1407, Schloss Grimma) was Margrave of Meissen.

See Coinage of Saxony and William I, Margrave of Meissen

William III, Landgrave of Thuringia

William III (30 April 1425 – 17 September 1482), called the Brave (in German Wilhelm der Tapfere), was landgrave of Thuringia (from 1445) and claimant duke of Luxemburg (from 1457).

See Coinage of Saxony and William III, Landgrave of Thuringia

Wittenberg

Wittenberg, officially Lutherstadt Wittenberg, is the fourth-largest town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.

See Coinage of Saxony and Wittenberg

Wurzen

Wurzen is a town in the Leipzig district, in Saxony, Germany.

See Coinage of Saxony and Wurzen

Zinna

Zinna is a village and a former municipality in the district Nordsachsen, in Saxony, Germany.

See Coinage of Saxony and Zinna

Zollverein

The Zollverein, or German Customs Union, was a coalition of German states formed to manage tariffs and economic policies within their territories.

See Coinage of Saxony and Zollverein

Zwickau

Zwickau (Polish: Ćwików; Czech: Cvikov) is, with around 87,500 inhabitants (2020), the fourth-largest city of Saxony, Germany, after Leipzig, Dresden and Chemnitz and it is the seat of the Zwickau District.

See Coinage of Saxony and Zwickau

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coinage_of_Saxony

Also known as Engelsgroschen, Fürstengroschen, Großgroschen, Helmgroschen, Horngroschen, Judenkopfgroschen, Margarethengroschen, Pfahlschildgroschen, Saxon coin history, Saxon coinage, Saxon coinage history, Schildgroschen, Schreckenberger, Schwertgroschen, Spitzgroschen, Zinsgroschen.

, Electorate of Saxony, Ernest, Elector of Saxony, Fineness, Frederick Augustus I of Saxony, Frederick II, Elector of Saxony, Frederick II, Margrave of Meissen, Frederick III, Elector of Saxony, Frederick the Great, Freiberg, George, Duke of Saxony, Gera, German Empire, German mark (1871), Gotha, Groschen, Guldengroschen, Hamburg, Heller (coin), Henry III, Margrave of Meissen, Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, High Middle Ages, Holy Roman Emperor, Holy Roman Empire, House of Wettin, Imperial circle, Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire), Imperial vicar, Ingot, John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony, John George II, Elector of Saxony, John, Elector of Saxony, Jura regalia, Kingdom of Bohemia, Kingdom of Saxony, Kipper und Wipper, Landgrave, Late Middle Ages, Leipzig, Leipzig standard, Liechtenstein, Life estate, List of counts palatine of the Rhine, List of margraves of Meissen, List of the burgraves of Meissen, Lost-wax casting, Lower Saxon Circle, Magdeburg, Margaret of Austria, Electress of Saxony, Margravate of Meissen, Margrave, Margraviate of Brandenburg, Mark (unit), Martin Luther, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Maurice, Duke of Saxe-Zeitz, Maurice, Elector of Saxony, Münzmeister, Medal, Medalist, Meissen, Meissen groschen, Meissen gulden, Ministerialis, Mint (facility), Minting rights, Mintmaster mark, Monetary system, Munich, Naumburg, Netherlands, Neugroschen, Numismatics, Order of the Dannebrog, Order of the Elephant, Ore Mountains, Otto Adelheid Pfennig, Otto the Great, Partition (politics), Pegau, Pegau Abbey, Pfennig, Planchet, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Portable art, Prague groschen, Prince-elector, Progenitor, Puschwitz, Quatrefoil, Regional pfennig, Reichsmünzfuß, Reichsmünzordnung, Reichsthaler, Rhenish gulden, Romanesque art, Roter Seufzer, Sachsenpfennig, Sachsenspiegel, Sangerhausen, Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach, Saxe-Merseburg, Saxe-Weimar, Saxe-Weissenfels, Saxe-Zeitz, Saxony, Schüsselpfennig, Scherf, Schildgroschen (Hesse), Schneeberg, Saxony, Schock (coin), Schreckenberg, Schweizerische Numismatische Rundschau, Seven Years' War, Speciesthaler, State coin, Stolpen, Strehla, Thaler, Theodoric I, Margrave of Meissen, Thirty Years' War, Thuringia, Trade, Treaty of Leipzig, Treaty of Zinna, Tyrol, Upper Lusatia, Upper Saxon Circle, Vereinsthaler, Vienna, Wechselthaler, Weida, Thuringia, Weimar, William I, Margrave of Meissen, William III, Landgrave of Thuringia, Wittenberg, Wurzen, Zinna, Zollverein, Zwickau.

Coinage of Saxony, the Glossary

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