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Committed step, the Glossary

In enzymology, the committed step (also known as the first committed step) is an effectively irreversible enzymatic reaction that occurs at a branch point during the biosynthesis of some molecules.^[1]

35 relations: Acetyl-CoA, Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, Activation, Animal, Aspartate carbamoyltransferase, Biotin, Carboxylation, Citric acid cycle, Control coefficient (biochemistry), Enzyme, Enzyme catalysis, Enzyme inhibitor, Fatty acid synthesis, Fertilisation, Glucose 6-phosphate, Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, Glycolysis, Irreversible process, Lipid A, Malonyl-CoA, Metabolic control analysis, Metabolic pathway, Molecule, Negative feedback, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, Oxaloacetic acid, Pentose phosphate pathway, Peptidoglycan, Phosphofructokinase 1, Pyrimidine, Rate-limiting step (biochemistry), Reaction intermediate, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase, 6-Phosphogluconolactone, 8-amino-7-oxononanoate synthase.
Biosynthesis

Acetyl-CoA

Acetyl-CoA (acetyl coenzyme A) is a molecule that participates in many biochemical reactions in protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.

See Committed step and Acetyl-CoA

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) is a biotin-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to produce malonyl-CoA through its two catalytic activities, biotin carboxylase (BC) and carboxyltransferase (CT).

See Committed step and Acetyl-CoA carboxylase

Activation

In chemistry and biology, activation is the process whereby something is prepared or excited for a subsequent reaction.

See Committed step and Activation

Animal

Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the biological kingdom Animalia.

See Committed step and Animal

Aspartate carbamoyltransferase

Aspartate carbamoyltransferase (also known as aspartate transcarbamoylase or ATCase) catalyzes the first step in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway.

See Committed step and Aspartate carbamoyltransferase

Biotin

Biotin (also known as vitamin B7 or vitamin H) is one of the B vitamins.

See Committed step and Biotin

Carboxylation

Carboxylation is a chemical reaction in which a carboxylic acid is produced by treating a substrate with carbon dioxide.

See Committed step and Carboxylation

Citric acid cycle

The citric acid cycle—also known as the Krebs cycle, Szent–Györgyi–Krebs cycle or the TCA cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle)—is a series of biochemical reactions to release the energy stored in nutrients through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

See Committed step and Citric acid cycle

Control coefficient (biochemistry)

In chemistry, control coefficients are used to describe how much influence (i.e., control) a given reaction step has on the steady-state flux or species concentration level.

See Committed step and Control coefficient (biochemistry)

Enzyme

Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. Committed step and Enzyme are Biomolecules, catalysis and enzymes.

See Committed step and Enzyme

Enzyme catalysis

Enzyme catalysis is the increase in the rate of a process by a biological molecule, an "enzyme". Committed step and Enzyme catalysis are catalysis and enzymes.

See Committed step and Enzyme catalysis

Enzyme inhibitor

An enzyme inhibitor is a molecule that binds to an enzyme and blocks its activity.

See Committed step and Enzyme inhibitor

Fatty acid synthesis

In biochemistry, fatty acid synthesis is the creation of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and NADPH through the action of enzymes called fatty acid synthases. Committed step and fatty acid synthesis are biosynthesis.

See Committed step and Fatty acid synthesis

Fertilisation

Fertilisation or fertilization (see spelling differences), also known as generative fertilisation, syngamy and impregnation, is the fusion of gametes to give rise to a zygote and initiate its development into a new individual organism or offspring.

See Committed step and Fertilisation

Glucose 6-phosphate

Glucose 6-phosphate (G6P, sometimes called the Robison ester) is a glucose sugar phosphorylated at the hydroxy group on carbon 6.

See Committed step and Glucose 6-phosphate

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD or G6PDH) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction This enzyme participates in the pentose phosphate pathway (see image), a metabolic pathway that supplies reducing energy to cells (such as erythrocytes) by maintaining the level of the reduced form of the co-enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH).

See Committed step and Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

Glycolysis

Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate and, in most organisms, occurs in the liquid part of cells (the cytosol).

See Committed step and Glycolysis

Irreversible process

In science, a process that is not reversible is called irreversible.

See Committed step and Irreversible process

Lipid A

Lipid A is a lipid component of an endotoxin held responsible for the toxicity of gram-negative bacteria.

See Committed step and Lipid A

Malonyl-CoA

Malonyl-CoA is a coenzyme A derivative of malonic acid.

See Committed step and Malonyl-CoA

Metabolic control analysis (MCA) is a mathematical framework for describing metabolic, signaling, and genetic pathways.

See Committed step and Metabolic control analysis

In biochemistry, a metabolic pathway is a linked series of chemical reactions occurring within a cell.

See Committed step and Metabolic pathway

Molecule

A molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds; depending on context, the term may or may not include ions which satisfy this criterion.

See Committed step and Molecule

Negative feedback

Negative feedback (or balancing feedback) occurs when some function of the output of a system, process, or mechanism is fed back in a manner that tends to reduce the fluctuations in the output, whether caused by changes in the input or by other disturbances.

See Committed step and Negative feedback

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, abbreviated NADP or, in older notation, TPN (triphosphopyridine nucleotide), is a cofactor used in anabolic reactions, such as the Calvin cycle and lipid and nucleic acid syntheses, which require NADPH as a reducing agent ('hydrogen source').

See Committed step and Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

Oxaloacetic acid

Oxaloacetic acid (also known as oxalacetic acid or OAA) is a crystalline organic compound with the chemical formula HO2CC(O)CH2CO2H. Committed step and Oxaloacetic acid are Biomolecules.

See Committed step and Oxaloacetic acid

Pentose phosphate pathway

The pentose phosphate pathway (also called the phosphogluconate pathway and the hexose monophosphate shunt or HMP shunt) is a metabolic pathway parallel to glycolysis.

See Committed step and Pentose phosphate pathway

Peptidoglycan

Peptidoglycan or murein is a unique large macromolecule, a polysaccharide, consisting of sugars and amino acids that forms a mesh-like layer (sacculus) that surrounds the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane.

See Committed step and Peptidoglycan

Phosphofructokinase 1

Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) is one of the most important regulatory enzymes of glycolysis.

See Committed step and Phosphofructokinase 1

Pyrimidine

Pyrimidine is an aromatic, heterocyclic, organic compound similar to pyridine. Committed step and Pyrimidine are Biomolecules.

See Committed step and Pyrimidine

Rate-limiting step (biochemistry)

In biochemistry, a rate-limiting step is a step that controls the rate of a series of biochemical reactions.

See Committed step and Rate-limiting step (biochemistry)

In chemistry, a reaction intermediate, or intermediate, is a molecular entity arising within the sequence of a stepwise chemical reaction.

See Committed step and Reaction intermediate

UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase

In enzymology, an UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the first committed step in peptidoglycan biosynthesis of bacteria: Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are phosphoenolpyruvate and UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, whereas its two products are phosphate and UDP-N-acetyl-3-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-D-glucosamine.

See Committed step and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase

6-Phosphogluconolactone

6-Phosphogluconolactone is an intermediate in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP).

See Committed step and 6-Phosphogluconolactone

8-amino-7-oxononanoate synthase

In enzymology, a 8-amino-7-oxononanoate synthase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 6-carboxyhexanoyl-CoA and L-alanine, whereas its 3 products are 8-amino-7-oxononanoate, CoA, and CO2.

See Committed step and 8-amino-7-oxononanoate synthase

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Committed_step

Also known as First committed step.