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Cyanoketone, the Glossary

Cyanoketone, also known as 2α-cyano-4,4',17α-trimethylandrost-5-en-17β-ol-3-one (CTM), is a synthetic androstane steroid and a steroidogenesis inhibitor which is used in scientific research.^[1]

Adrenal steroid

Adrenal steroids are steroids that are derived from the adrenal glands.

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An androgen (from Greek andr-, the stem of the word meaning "man") is any natural or synthetic steroid hormone that regulates the development and maintenance of male characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors.

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Androstane

Androstane is a C19 steroidal hydrocarbon with a gonane core. Cyanoketone and Androstane are Androstanes.

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Androstenediol

Androstenediol, or 5-androstenediol (abbreviated as A5 or Δ5-diol), also known as androst-5-ene-3β,17β-diol, is an endogenous weak androgen and estrogen steroid hormone and intermediate in the biosynthesis of testosterone from dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). Cyanoketone and Androstenediol are Androstanes.

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Androstenedione

Androstenedione, or 4-androstenedione (abbreviated as A4 or Δ4-dione), also known as androst-4-ene-3,17-dione, is an endogenous weak androgen steroid hormone and intermediate in the biosynthesis of estrone and of testosterone from dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). Cyanoketone and Androstenedione are Androstanes.

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Azastene

Azastene (INN, USAN) (developmental code name WIN-17625) is a steroidogenesis inhibitor described as a contraceptive, luteolytic, and abortifacient which was never marketed. Cyanoketone and Azastene are 3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitors, Androstanes and steroid stubs.

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Binding selectivity

In chemistry, binding selectivity is defined with respect to the binding of ligands to a substrate forming a complex.

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Biosynthesis

Biosynthesis, i.e., chemical synthesis occuring in biological contexts, is a term most often referring to multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed processes where chemical substances absorbed as nutrients (or previously converted through biosynthesis) serve as enzyme substrates, with conversion by the living organism either into simpler or more complex products.

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Biotransformation

Biotransformation is the biochemical modification of one chemical compound or a mixture of chemical compounds.

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Chemical structure

A chemical structure of a molecule is a spatial arrangement of its atoms and their chemical bonds.

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Corticosteroid

Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex of vertebrates, as well as the synthetic analogues of these hormones.

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Enzyme

Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions.

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Enzyme inhibitor

An enzyme inhibitor is a molecule that binds to an enzyme and blocks its activity.

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Estrogen

Estrogen (oestrogen; see spelling differences) is a category of sex hormone responsible for the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics.

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Organic compound

Some chemical authorities define an organic compound as a chemical compound that contains a carbon–hydrogen or carbon–carbon bond; others consider an organic compound to be any chemical compound that contains carbon.

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Potency (pharmacology)

In pharmacology, potency or biological potency is a measure of a drug's biological activity expressed in terms of the dose required to produce a pharmacological effect of given intensity.

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Pregnenolone

Pregnenolone (P5), or pregn-5-en-3β-ol-20-one, is an endogenous steroid and precursor/metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of most of the steroid hormones, including the progestogens, androgens, estrogens, glucocorticoids, and mineralocorticoids. Cyanoketone and Pregnenolone are Ketones.

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Progesterone

Progesterone (P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other species.

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Scientific method

The scientific method is an empirical method for acquiring knowledge that has characterized the development of science since at least the 17th century.

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Sex hormone

Sex hormones, also known as sex steroids, gonadocorticoids and gonadal steroids, are steroid hormones that interact with vertebrate steroid hormone receptors.

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Steroid

A steroid is an organic compound with four fused rings (designated A, B, C, and D) arranged in a specific molecular configuration.

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Steroidogenesis inhibitor

A steroidogenesis inhibitor, also known as a steroid biosynthesis inhibitor, is a type of drug which inhibits one or more of the enzymes that are involved in the process of steroidogenesis, the biosynthesis of endogenous steroids and steroid hormones.

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Testosterone

Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone and androgen in males. Cyanoketone and Testosterone are Androstanes.

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Toxicity

Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism.

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17α-Hydroxypregnenolone

17α-Hydroxypregnenolone is a pregnane (C21) steroid that is obtained by hydroxylation of pregnenolone at the C17α position.

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17α-Hydroxyprogesterone

17α-Hydroxyprogesterone (17α-OHP), also known as 17-OH progesterone (17-OHP), or hydroxyprogesterone (OHP), is an endogenous progestogen steroid hormone related to progesterone.

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3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5-4 isomerase (3β-HSD) is an enzyme that catalyzes the biosynthesis of the steroid progesterone from pregnenolone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone from 17α-hydroxypregnenolone, and androstenedione from dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in the adrenal gland.

See Cyanoketone and 3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyanoketone

Also known as Cyanotrimethylandrostenolone.