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Derbent, the Glossary

Derbent (Дербе́нт; Кьвевар, Цал; Dərbənd; Дербенд), formerly romanized as Derbend, is a city in Dagestan, Russia, located on the Caspian Sea.^[1]

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162 relations: Abbas the Great, Achaemenid Empire, Administrative centre, Administrative divisions of Dagestan, Afridun I, Aghul people, Akhsitan I, Al-Andalus, Alans, Alexander the Great, Antisemitism in Europe, Arab–Khazar wars, Armenians, Azerbaijanis, Šahrestānīhā ī Ērānšahr, Baku, Battle of Torches, Bella Nisan, Benjamin of Tudela, Boris Gavrilov (writer), Brandy, Caspian Sea, Cathedral of St. George the Victorious of Derbent, Caucasian Albania, Caucasian Albania (Sasanian province), Caucasus, Caucasus Mountains, Caucasus Viceroyalty (1801–1917), Christianity, Church of the Holy All-Savior of Derbent, Church of the Intercession of the Holy Virgin of Derbent, City of federal subject significance, Columbia University Press, Commonwealth of Independent States, Companions of the Prophet, Crossed-dome temple of Derbent, Dagestan, Dagestan Oblast, Daniil Atnilov, Dargins, Darial Gorge, Derbent Khanate, Derbent Lighthouse, Derbent Synagogue, Derbentsky District, Dissolution of the Soviet Union, Early Muslim conquests, Eastern Europe, Emirate of Derbent, Encyclopædia Iranica, ... Expand index (112 more) »
Archaeological sites in Dagestan
Cities and towns in Dagestan
Persian-Caucasian architecture
Populated coastal places in Russia
Populated places on the Caspian Sea
Wine regions of Russia

Abbas the Great

Abbas I (translit; 27 January 1571 – 19 January 1629), commonly known as Abbas the Great (translit), was the fifth shah of Safavid Iran from 1588 to 1629.

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The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire, also known as the Persian Empire or First Persian Empire (𐎧𐏁𐏂), was an ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC.

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Administrative centre

An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune, is located.

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Administrative divisions of Dagestan

*Cities and towns under republic's jurisdiction.

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Afridun I

Afridun the Martyr was the eighteenth Shah of Shirvan.

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Aghul people

Aghuls (Aghul: агулар/agular, Агъулар) are a people in Dagestan, Russia.

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Akhsitan I

Akhsitan I (also spelled Akhsatan; Aḵestān) was the 20th Shirvanshah after 1160, and thought to have reigned until the years 1197–1203/04.

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Al-Andalus

Al-Andalus was the Muslim-ruled area of the Iberian Peninsula.

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Alans

The Alans (Latin: Alani) were an ancient and medieval Iranic nomadic pastoral people who migrated to what is today North Caucasus – while some continued on to Europe and later North-Africa.

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Alexander the Great

Alexander III of Macedon (Alexandros; 20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), most commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon.

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Antisemitism in Europe

Antisemitism—prejudice, hatred of, or discrimination against Jews—has experienced a long history of expression since the days of ancient civilizations, with most of it having originated in the Christian and pre-Christian civilizations of Europe.

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Arab–Khazar wars

The Arab–Khazar wars were a series of conflicts fought between the Khazar Khaganate and successive Arab caliphates in the Caucasus region from to 799 CE.

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Armenians

Armenians (hayer) are an ethnic group and nation native to the Armenian highlands of West Asia.

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Azerbaijanis

Azerbaijanis (Azərbaycanlılar, آذربایجانلیلار), Azeris (Azərilər, آذریلر), or Azerbaijani Turks (Azərbaycan Türkləri, آذربایجان تۆرکلری) are a Turkic ethnic group living mainly in the Azerbaijan region of northwestern Iran and the Republic of Azerbaijan.

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Šahrestānīhā ī Ērānšahr

Šahrestānīhā ī Ērānšahr (literally "The Provincial Capitals of Iran") is a surviving Middle Persian text on geography, which was completed in the late eighth or early ninth centuries AD.

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Baku

Baku (Bakı) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and in the Caucasus region.

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Battle of Torches

The Battle of Torches (Meşaleler Savaşı) was fought in 1583 during the Ottoman–Safavid War (1578–1590).

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Bella Nisan

Bella Alexandrovna Nisan (Белла Александровна Нисан) is a Russian ophthalmologist, founder of modern methods of vision disorder correction.

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Benjamin of Tudela

Benjamin of Tudela, also known as Benjamin ben Jonah, was a medieval Jewish traveler who visited Europe, Asia, and Africa in the twelfth century.

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Boris Gavrilov (writer)

Boris Gavrilovich Gavrilov (translit; בוריס גברילוב; born 10 October 1908 – 1990) was a Soviet writer, poet, dramatist and teacher of Mountain Jew origin.

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Brandy

Brandy is a liquor produced by distilling wine.

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Caspian Sea

The Caspian Sea is the world's largest inland body of water, often described as the world's largest lake and sometimes referred to as a full-fledged sea.

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Cathedral of St. George the Victorious of Derbent

The Cathedral of St.

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Caucasian Albania

Caucasian Albania is a modern exonym for a former state located in ancient times in the Caucasus, mostly in what is now Azerbaijan (where both of its capitals were located).

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Caucasian Albania (Sasanian province)

Caucasian Albania (Middle Persian: Arān, Ardān, Armenian: Ałuank) was a kingdom in the Caucasus, which was under the suzerainty of the Sasanian Empire from 252 to 636.

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Caucasus

The Caucasus or Caucasia, is a transcontinental region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia.

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Caucasus Mountains

The Caucasus Mountains is a mountain range at the intersection of Asia and Europe.

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Caucasus Viceroyalty (1801–1917)

The Caucasus Viceroyalty was the Russian Empire's administrative and political authority in the Caucasus region exercised through the offices of glavnoupravlyayushchiy ("high commissioner") (1801–1844, 1882–1902) and namestnik ("viceroy") (1844–1882, 1904–1917), situated in the modern areas of the Russian Federation, Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia.

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Christianity

Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.

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Church of the Holy All-Savior of Derbent

The Church of the Holy All-Savior (Surb Amenaprkich) (Церковь Святого Всеспасителя; Սուրբ Ամենափրկիչ եկեղեցի) is an Armenian Church of Derbent, a city in the Russian Republic of Dagestan.

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Church of the Intercession of the Holy Virgin of Derbent

The Church of the Intercession of the Holy Virgin (translit) is an Orthodox church in Derbent, a city in the Russian republic of Dagestan.

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City of federal subject significance

City of federal subject significance is an administrative division of a federal subject of Russia which is equal in status to a district but is organized around a large city; occasionally with surrounding rural territories.

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Columbia University Press

Columbia University Press is a university press based in New York City, and affiliated with Columbia University.

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Commonwealth of Independent States

The Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) is a regional intergovernmental organization in Eurasia.

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Companions of the Prophet

The Companions of the Prophet (lit) were the disciples and followers of Muhammad who saw or met him during his lifetime, while being a Muslim and were physically in his presence.

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Crossed-dome temple of Derbent

The crossed-dome temple on the territory of Naryn-Kala is an early medieval Christian temple located in the northwestern part of the Naryn-Kala citadel in Derbent, Dagestan.

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Dagestan

Dagestan (Дагестан), officially the Republic of Dagestan, is a republic of Russia situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe, along the Caspian Sea.

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Dagestan Oblast

The Dagestan Oblast was a province (oblast) of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire.

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Daniil Atnilov

Daniil Atnilov (translit; דניאל אטנילוב; born 1913 – 1968) was a Soviet poet of Mountain Jew origin.

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Dargins

Dargins or Dargwa (darganti) are a Northeast Caucasian native ethnic group originating in the North Caucasus, and who make up the second largest ethnic group in the North Caucasian republic of Dagestan.

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Darial Gorge

The Darial Gorge is a river gorge on the border between Russia and Georgia.

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Derbent Khanate

The Derbent Khanate (خانات دربند|Khānāt-e Darband) was a Caucasian khanate that was established in Afsharid Iran.

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Derbent Lighthouse

The Derbent Lighthouse is the southernmost lighthouse in Russia, located in the city of Derbent, a city in the Russian Republic of Dagestan.

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Derbent Synagogue

The Derbent Synagogue, also known as Kele-Numaz (translit; translit) was the only synagogue in the city of Derbent in the Russian Republic of Dagestan.

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Derbentsky District

Derbentsky District (Дербе́нтский райо́н; Дербент район; Dərbənd rayonu) is an administrativeLaw #16 and municipalLaw #6 district (raion), one of the forty-one in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia.

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Dissolution of the Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was formally dissolved as a sovereign state and subject of international law on 26 December 1991 by Declaration № 142-Н of the Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union.

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Early Muslim conquests

The early Muslim conquests or early Islamic conquests (translit), also known as the Arab conquests, were initiated in the 7th century by Muhammad, the founder of Islam.

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Eastern Europe

Eastern Europe is a subregion of the European continent.

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Emirate of Derbent

Emirate of Derbent was a medieval state that arose on the Caspian trade route with its center in the city of Derbent.

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Encyclopædia Iranica

Encyclopædia Iranica is a project whose goal is to create a comprehensive and authoritative English-language encyclopedia about the history, culture, and civilization of Iranian peoples from prehistory to modern times.

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Eurasian Steppe

The Eurasian Steppe, also called the Great Steppe or The Steppes, is the vast steppe ecoregion of Eurasia in the temperate grasslands, savannas and shrublands biome.

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Ganja, Azerbaijan

Ganja (Gəncə) is Azerbaijan's third largest city, with a population of around 335,600.

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Gates of Alexander

The Gates of Alexander, also known as the Caspian Gates, are one of several mountain passes in eastern Anatolia, the Caucasus, and Persia separating the Greco-Roman world from the Persian world.

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Great Wall of Gorgan

The Great Wall of Gorgan is a Sasanian-era defense system located near modern Gorgan in the Golestān Province of northeastern Iran, at the southeastern corner of the Caspian Sea.

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Hadera

Hadera (חֲדֵרָה) is a city located in the Haifa District of Israel, in the northern Sharon region, approximately 45 kilometers (28 miles) from the major cities of Tel Aviv and Haifa.

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Harun al-Rashid

Abu Ja'far Harun ibn Muhammad al-Mahdi (Abū Ja'far Hārūn ibn Muḥammad al-Mahdī), or simply Harun ibn al-Mahdi (or 766 – 24 March 809), famously known as Harun al-Rashid (Hārūn ar-Rashīd), was the fifth Abbasid caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate, reigning from September 786 until his death in March 809.

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History of Iran

The history of Iran (or Persia, as it was commonly known in the Western world) is intertwined with that of Greater Iran, a sociocultural region spanning the area between Anatolia in the west and the Indus River and Syr Darya in the east, and between the Caucasus and Eurasian Steppe in the north and the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman in the south.

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Hrach Bartikyan

Hrach Mikayeli Bartikyan (Հրաչ Միքայելի Բարթիկյան; Грaч Миха́йлович Бартикян, also transliterated as Hratch Bart'ikyan; July 7, 1927–August 17, 2011) was an Armenian historian and specialist in Byzantine and medieval Armenian studies.

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Ibrahim I of Shirvan

Ibrahim I (ابراهیم) was the 33rd Shirvanshah (ruler of Shirvan, r. 1382–1418).

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Igor Yusufov

Igor Khanukovich Yusufov (Игорь Ханукович Юсуфов; born 12 June 1956) is a former energy Minister from 2001 to 2004.

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Iran

Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI), also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Turkey to the northwest and Iraq to the west, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Caspian Sea, and Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south.

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Iranian peoples

The Iranian peoples or Iranic peoples are a diverse grouping of peoples who are identified by their usage of the Iranian languages (branch of the Indo-European languages) and other cultural similarities.

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Iranian Plateau

The Iranian Plateau or Persian Plateau is a geological feature spanning parts of the Caucasus, Central Asia, South Asia, and West Asia. It makes up part of the Eurasian Plate, and is wedged between the Arabian Plate and the Indian Plate. The plateau is situated between the Zagros Mountains to the west, the Caspian Sea and the Köpet Dag to the north, the Armenian Highlands and the Caucasus Mountains to the northwest, the Strait of Hormuz and the Persian Gulf to the south, and the Indian subcontinent to the east.

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Islam

Islam (al-Islām) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder.

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Islamic calendar

The Hijri calendar (translit), or Arabic calendar also known in English as the Muslim calendar and Islamic calendar, is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 lunar months in a year of 354 or 355 days.

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Islamic State

The Islamic State (IS), also known as the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and by its Arabic acronym Daesh, is a transnational Salafi jihadist group and an unrecognised quasi-state.

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Ismail I

Ismail I (translit; 14 July 1487 – 23 May 1524) was the founder and first shah of Safavid Iran, ruling from 1501 until his death in 1524.

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Israel Tsvaygenbaum

Israel Tsvaygenbaum (Исраил Иосифович Цвайгенбаум; ישראל צווייגנבאום; born February 1, 1961), is a Russian-American artist of Jewish descent.

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Jews

The Jews (יְהוּדִים) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites of the ancient Near East, and whose traditional religion is Judaism.

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Judeo-Tat Theatre

The Judeo-Tat Theatre in Derbent, Dagestan, Russia specializes in staging plays with themes related to the lives of Mountain Jews, which are created mainly by Mountain Jews.

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Juma Mosque of Derbent

The Juma Mosque of Derbent constructed by Iranians before the separation of the city of Derbent from Iran as result of Treaty of Gulistan after the Russo-Persian War (Дербентская Джума-мечеть) is the oldest mosque in Russia and the CIS. Derbent and Juma Mosque of Derbent are world Heritage Sites in Russia.

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Kavad I

Kavad I (𐭪𐭥𐭠𐭲; 473 – 13 September 531) was the Sasanian King of Kings of Iran from 488 to 531, with a two or three-year interruption.

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Köppen climate classification

The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems.

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Khazars

The Khazars were a nomadic Turkic people that, in the late 6th-century CE, established a major commercial empire covering the southeastern section of modern European Russia, southern Ukraine, Crimea, and Kazakhstan.

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Khosrow I

Khosrow I (also spelled Khosrau, Khusro or Chosroes; 𐭧𐭥𐭮𐭫𐭥𐭣𐭩; New Persian: خسرو), traditionally known by his epithet of Anushirvan (انوشيروان "the Immortal Soul"), was the Sasanian King of Kings of Iran from 531 to 579.

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Kipchaks

The Kipchaks or Qipchaqs, also known as Kipchak Turks or Polovtsians, were Turkic nomads and then a confederation that existed in the Middle Ages inhabiting parts of the Eurasian Steppe.

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Kronstadt

Kronstadt (Kronshtadt) is a Russian port city in Kronshtadtsky District of the federal city of Saint Petersburg, located on Kotlin Island, west of Saint Petersburg, near the head of the Gulf of Finland. Derbent and Kronstadt are Populated coastal places in Russia and world Heritage Sites in Russia.

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Kyrkhlyar

The Kyrkhlyar (forty) is an old and revered cemetery in the city of Derbent, a city in the Russian Republic of Dagestan.

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Lezgins

Lezgins (Лезгияр lezgijar) are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group native predominantly to southern Dagestan, a republic of Russia, and northeastern Azerbaijan, and speak the Lezgin language.

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List of oldest continuously inhabited cities

This is a list of present-day cities by the time period over which they have been continuously inhabited as a city.

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Madrasa

Madrasa (also,; Arabic: مدرسة, pl. مدارس), sometimes transliterated as madrasah or madrassa, is the Arabic word for any type of educational institution, secular or religious (of any religion), whether for elementary education or higher learning.

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Manuvakh Dadashev

Manuvakh Dadashev (translit; מנוחוב דדשב; 1913–1943) was a Soviet poet of Mountain Jew origin.

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Marzban

Marzbān, or Marzpān (Middle Persian transliteration: mrzwpn, derived from marz "border, boundary" and the suffix -pān "guardian"; Modern Persian: مرزبان Marzbān) were a class of margraves, warden of the marches, and by extension military commanders, in charge of border provinces of the Parthian Empire (247 BC–224 AD) and mostly Sasanian Empire (224–651 AD) of Iran.

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Matthew of Edessa

Matthew of Edessa (late 11th century – 1144) was an Armenian historian in the 12th century from the city of Edessa.

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Middle East

The Middle East (term originally coined in English Translations of this term in some of the region's major languages include: translit; translit; translit; script; translit; اوْرتاشرق; Orta Doğu.) is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq.

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Middle Persian

Middle Persian, also known by its endonym Pārsīk or Pārsīg (Pahlavi script: 𐭯𐭠𐭫𐭮𐭩𐭪, Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫀𐫡𐫘𐫏𐫐, Avestan script: 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬯𐬍𐬐) in its later form, is a Western Middle Iranian language which became the literary language of the Sasanian Empire.

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Mikhail Borisovich Gavrilov

Mikhail Gavrilov (translit; מיכאיל גברילוב; born 29 December 1926 – 18 July 2014) was a Soviet writer and poet of Mountain Jew descent.

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Mishi Bakhshiev

Mishi Bakhshiev (translit; מישה בקשייב.; born October 10, 1910 – 1972) was a Soviet writer and poet of Mountain Jew origin.

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Mongol Empire

The Mongol Empire of the 13th and 14th centuries was the largest contiguous empire in history.

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Mongols

The Mongols are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia, China (majority in Inner Mongolia), as well as Buryatia and Kalmykia of Russia.

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Mountain Jews

Mountain Jews or Caucasus Jews, also known as Juhuro, Juvuro, Juhuri, Juwuri, Juhurim, Kavkazi Jews or Gorsky Jews (יְהוּדֵי־קַוְקָז or; translit, Dağ Yəhudiləri), are Jews of the eastern and northern Caucasus, mainly Azerbaijan, and various republics in the Russian Federation: Chechnya, Ingushetia, Dagestan, Karachay-Cherkessia, and Kabardino-Balkaria.

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Movses Kaghankatvatsi

Movses Kaghankatvatsi (Մովսէս Կաղանկատուացի 'Moses of Kaghankatuk'), or Movses Daskhurantsi (Մովսէս Դասխուրանցի 'Moses of Daskhuran), is the reputed author (or the alias of several authors) of a tenth-century Classical Armenian historical work on Caucasian Albania and the eastern provinces of Armenia, known as The History of the Country of Albania (Պատմութիւն Աղուանից Աշխարհի).

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Mushail Mushailov

Mushail Mushailov (Мушаил Ханухович Мушаилов, מושאיל מושאילוב; born July 10, 1941 — January 4, 2007) was a Soviet/Russian artist and teacher of Mountain Jewish descent.

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Muslim conquest of Persia

The Muslim conquest of Persia, also called the Muslim conquest of Iran, the Arab conquest of Persia, or the Arab conquest of Iran, was a major military campaign undertaken by the Rashidun Caliphate between 632 and 654.

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Muslim world

The terms Muslim world and Islamic world commonly refer to the Islamic community, which is also known as the Ummah.

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Muslims

Muslims (God) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition.

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Nader Shah

Nader Shah Afshar (نادر شاه افشار; 6 August 1698 – 20 June 1747) was the founder of the Afsharid dynasty of Iran and one of the most powerful rulers in Iranian history, ruling as shah of Iran (Persia) from 1736 to 1747, when he was assassinated during a rebellion.

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Naryn-Kala

Naryn-Kala (Нарын-кала) is an ancient pre-Arab citadel, part of the Derbent fortress, connected to the Caspian Sea by double walls designed to block the so-called Caspian gates to the Persian state. Derbent and Naryn-Kala are Persian-Caucasian architecture and world Heritage Sites in Russia.

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North Caucasian languages

The North Caucasian languages, sometimes called simply Caucasic, is a proposed language family consisting of a pair of well established language families spoken in the Caucasus, predominantly in the north, consisting of the Northwest Caucasian family (also called Pontic, Abkhaz–Adyghe, Circassian, or West Caucasian) and the Northeast Caucasian family (also called Nakh–Dagestanian, Caspian or East Caucasian).

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North Caucasus

The North Caucasus, or Ciscaucasia, is a region in Europe governed by Russia.

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Ossetians

The Ossetians (or; Ossetic), also known as Ossetes, Ossets, and Alans, are an Eastern Iranian ethnic group who are indigenous to Ossetia, a region situated across the northern and southern sides of the Caucasus Mountains.

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Ottoman Turks

The Ottoman Turks (Osmanlı Türkleri) were a Turkic ethnic group.

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Parthian Empire

The Parthian Empire, also known as the Arsacid Empire, was a major Iranian political and cultural power centered in ancient Iran from 247 BC to 224 AD.

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Patma-Banasirakan Handes

Patma-Banasirakan Handes (Պատմա-Բանասիրական Հանդես (ՊԲՀ, PBH); Историко-филологический журнал, Istoriko-Filologicheskii Zhurnal) is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the Armenian National Academy of Sciences.

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Persian expedition of 1796

The Persian expedition of Catherine the Great in 1796, like the Persian expedition of Peter the Great (1722–1723), was one of the Russo-Persian Wars of the 18th century which did not entail any lasting consequences for either belligerent.

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Persian language

Persian, also known by its endonym Farsi (Fārsī|), is a Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages.

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Persianization

Persianization or Persification (پارسی‌سازی), is a sociological process of cultural change in which a non-Persian society becomes "Persianate", meaning it either directly adopts or becomes strongly influenced by the Persian language, culture, literature, art, music, and identity as well as other socio-cultural factors.

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Perso-Turkic war of 627–629

The Perso-Turkic war of 627–629 was the third and final conflict between the Sasanian Empire and the Western Turkic Khaganate.

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Peter the Great

Peter I (–), was Tsar of all Russia from 1682, and the first Emperor of all Russia, known as Peter the Great, from 1721 until his death in 1725.

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Qajar dynasty

The Qajar dynasty (translit; 1789–1925) was an Iranian dynasty founded by Mohammad Khan of the Qoyunlu clan of the Turkoman Qajar tribe.

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Qajar Iran

The Sublime State of Iran, commonly referred to as Qajar Iran, Qajar Persia, the Qajar Empire, Sublime State of Persia, and also the Guarded Domains of Iran, was the Iranian state under the rule of the Qajar dynasty, which was of Turkic origin,Cyrus Ghani.

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Roman–Persian Wars

The Roman–Persian Wars, also known as the Roman–Iranian Wars, were a series of conflicts between states of the Greco-Roman world and two successive Iranian empires: the Parthian and the Sasanian.

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Romanization of Russian

The romanization of the Russian language (the transliteration of Russian text from the Cyrillic script into the Latin script), aside from its primary use for including Russian names and words in text written in a Latin alphabet, is also essential for computer users to input Russian text who either do not have a keyboard or word processor set up for inputting Cyrillic, or else are not capable of typing rapidly using a native Russian keyboard layout (JCUKEN).

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Rostov-on-Don

Rostov-on-Don is a port city and the administrative centre of Rostov Oblast and the Southern Federal District of Russia.

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Russia

Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia.

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Russian Empire

The Russian Empire was a vast empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its proclamation in November 1721 until its dissolution in March 1917.

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Russian language

Russian is an East Slavic language, spoken primarily in Russia.

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Russians

Russians (russkiye) are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Eastern Europe.

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Russo-Persian War (1722–1723)

The Russo-Persian War of 1722–1723, known in Russian historiography as the Persian campaign of Peter the Great, was a war between the Russian Empire and Safavid Iran, triggered by the tsar's attempt to expand Russian influence in the Caspian and Caucasus regions and to prevent its rival, the Ottoman Empire, from territorial gains in the region at the expense of declining Safavid Iran.

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Russo-Persian War (1804–1813)

The Russo-Persian War of 1804–1813 was one of the many wars between the Persian Empire and Imperial Russia, and, like many of their other conflicts, began as a territorial dispute.

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Rutul people

Rutulians, Rutuls (Mykhabyr), also known as the Rutul people are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group native to Dagestan and adjacent parts of Azerbaijan.

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Safavid dynasty

The Safavid dynasty (Dudmâne Safavi) was one of Iran's most significant ruling dynasties reigning from 1501 to 1736.

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Safavid Iran

Safavid Iran, Safavid Persia or the Safavid Empire,, officially known as the Guarded Domains of Iran, was one of the largest and long-standing Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty.

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Sarir

Sarir or Serir was a medieval Christian state lasting from the 6th or 7th century to the 12th century in the mountainous regions of modern-day Dagestan in southern Russia.

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Sasanian Empire

The Sasanian Empire or Sassanid Empire, and officially known as Eranshahr ("Land/Empire of the Iranians"), was the last Iranian empire before the early Muslim conquests of the 7th to 8th centuries.

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Semi-arid climate

A semi-arid climate, semi-desert climate, or steppe climate is a dry climate sub-type.

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Sergey Izgiyayev

Sergey Davidovich Izgiyayev (Сергей Давидович Изгияев; סרגיי איזגיאייב; born 24 November 1922 – 27 July 1972) was a member of the Union of Soviet Writers, the author of nine books of poetry and five plays, the translator and creator of lyrics for more than thirty songs (nine of which were produced by Moscow's firm Melodiya on Gramophone records).

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Sevil Novruzova

Sevil Novruzova (born c. 1977) is a lawyer and activist from Dagestan, Russia.

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Shahriyar of Derbent

Shahriyar was an Iranian aristocrat, who served as the commander of Kutha, an ancient city close to the Sasanian capital of Ctesiphon.

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Shapur I

Shapur I (also spelled Shabuhr I; Šābuhr) was the second Sasanian King of Kings of Iran.

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Shia Islam

Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam.

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Shirvanshahs

The Shirvanshahs (Arabic/شروانشاه) were the rulers of Shirvan (in present-day Azerbaijan) from 861 to 1538.

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Silk Road

The Silk Road was a network of Eurasian trade routes active from the second century BCE until the mid-15th century.

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Sister city

A sister city or a twin town relationship is a form of legal or social agreement between two geographically and politically distinct localities for the purpose of promoting cultural and commercial ties.

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Suleyman Kerimov

Suleyman Abusaidovich Kerimov (p; Керимрин Абусаидан хва Сулейман; born 12 March 1966) is a Russia-based billionaire, oligarch, and politician of Lezgian origin.

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Sunni Islam

Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims, and simultaneously the largest religious denomination in the world.

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Syunik (historical province)

Syunik (translit) was a region of historical Armenia and the ninth province of the Kingdom of Armenia from 189 BC until 428 AD.

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Tabasaran people

Tabasarans are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group native predominantly to southern part of the North Caucasian republic of Dagestan.

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Tamara Musakhanov

Tamara Nahamievna Musakhanov (Тамара Нахамиевна Мусаханова; תמרה מסכנוב; born January 31, 1924 — February 27, 2014) was a Soviet sculptor, and ceramist of Mountain Jewish origin.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (NYT) is an American daily newspaper based in New York City.

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Timur

Timur, also known as Tamerlane (8 April 133617–18 February 1405), was a Turco-Mongol conqueror who founded the Timurid Empire in and around modern-day Afghanistan, Iran, and Central Asia, becoming the first ruler of the Timurid dynasty. An undefeated commander, he is widely regarded as one of the greatest military leaders and tacticians in history, as well as one of the most brutal and deadly.

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Timurid Empire

The Timurid Empire was a late medieval, culturally Persianate Turco-Mongol empire that dominated Greater Iran in the early 15th century, comprising modern-day Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, much of Central Asia, the South Caucasus, and parts of contemporary Pakistan, North India and Turkey.

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Tong Yabghu Qaghan

Tong Yabghu Qaghan (r. 618–628 or 630) (also known as T'ung Yabghu, Tong Yabghu Khagan, and Tong Yabğu, Traditional Chinese 統葉護可汗, Simplified Chinese: 统叶护可汗, pinyin Tǒng Yèhù Kěhán, Wade-Giles: T'ung Yeh-hu K'o-han; Golden, P.B. An Introduction to the History of the Turkic Peoples.

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Treaty of Constantinople (1590)

its client states in 1590 AD. Aftermath of the Treaty of Constantinople. The Treaty of Constantinople, also known as the Peace of Istanbul or the Treaty of Ferhad Pasha (Ferhat Paşa Antlaşması), was a treaty between the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid Empire ending the Ottoman–Safavid War of 1578–1590.

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Treaty of Ganja

The Treaty of Ganja was concluded between the Russian Empire and Safavids on 10 March 1735 during the Persian Siege of Ganja (1734) near the city of Ganja in present-day Azerbaijan.

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Treaty of Gulistan

The Treaty of Gulistan (also spelled Golestan: translit; translit) was a peace treaty concluded between the Russian Empire and Qajar Iran on 24 October 1813 in the village of Gulistan (now in the Goranboy District of Azerbaijan) as a result of the first full-scale Russo-Persian War (1804 to 1813).

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Umayyad Caliphate

The Umayyad Caliphate or Umayyad Empire (al-Khilāfa al-Umawiyya) was the second caliphate established after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty.

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UNESCO

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; pronounced) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture.

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Valerian Zubov

Count Valerian Aleksandrovich Zubov (1771–1804) was a Russian general who led the Persian Expedition of 1796.

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Vassal

A vassal or liege subject is a person regarded as having a mutual obligation to a lord or monarch, in the context of the feudal system in medieval Europe.

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Western Turkic Khaganate

The Western Turkic Khaganate or Onoq Khaganate (Ten arrow people) was a Turkic khaganate in Eurasia, formed as a result of the wars in the beginning of the 7th century (593–603 CE) after the split of the First Turkic Khaganate (founded in the 6th century on the Mongolian Plateau by the Ashina clan), into a western and an eastern Khaganate.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derbent

Also known as Albanopolis (Caucasus), Bab Al-abwab, Caspian Gates of Derbent, Citadel, Ancient City and Fortress Buildings of Derbent, Derbend, Derbent Urban Okrug, Theaters of Derbent.

, Eurasian Steppe, Ganja, Azerbaijan, Gates of Alexander, Great Wall of Gorgan, Hadera, Harun al-Rashid, History of Iran, Hrach Bartikyan, Ibrahim I of Shirvan, Igor Yusufov, Iran, Iranian peoples, Iranian Plateau, Islam, Islamic calendar, Islamic State, Ismail I, Israel Tsvaygenbaum, Jews, Judeo-Tat Theatre, Juma Mosque of Derbent, Kavad I, Köppen climate classification, Khazars, Khosrow I, Kipchaks, Kronstadt, Kyrkhlyar, Lezgins, List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, Madrasa, Manuvakh Dadashev, Marzban, Matthew of Edessa, Middle East, Middle Persian, Mikhail Borisovich Gavrilov, Mishi Bakhshiev, Mongol Empire, Mongols, Mountain Jews, Movses Kaghankatvatsi, Mushail Mushailov, Muslim conquest of Persia, Muslim world, Muslims, Nader Shah, Naryn-Kala, North Caucasian languages, North Caucasus, Ossetians, Ottoman Turks, Parthian Empire, Patma-Banasirakan Handes, Persian expedition of 1796, Persian language, Persianization, Perso-Turkic war of 627–629, Peter the Great, Qajar dynasty, Qajar Iran, Roman–Persian Wars, Romanization of Russian, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, Russian Empire, Russian language, Russians, Russo-Persian War (1722–1723), Russo-Persian War (1804–1813), Rutul people, Safavid dynasty, Safavid Iran, Sarir, Sasanian Empire, Semi-arid climate, Sergey Izgiyayev, Sevil Novruzova, Shahriyar of Derbent, Shapur I, Shia Islam, Shirvanshahs, Silk Road, Sister city, Suleyman Kerimov, Sunni Islam, Syunik (historical province), Tabasaran people, Tamara Musakhanov, The New York Times, Timur, Timurid Empire, Tong Yabghu Qaghan, Treaty of Constantinople (1590), Treaty of Ganja, Treaty of Gulistan, Umayyad Caliphate, UNESCO, Valerian Zubov, Vassal, Western Turkic Khaganate, World Heritage Site, Yagutil Mishiev, Yakima, Washington, Yazdegerd II, Yuno Semyonov, Yury Krymov, Zoya Semenduyeva, 2021 Russian census, 2024 Dagestan attacks, 7th century, 8th century BC.

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