Digital elevation model, the Glossary

Table of Contents

1. 115 relations: Advanced driver-assistance system, Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer, Aerial photography, Aerial survey, Angular resolution, Archaeology, Aspect (geography), Asteroid, Avalanche, Bathymetric attributed grid, Bathymetry, Building, Canopy (biology), CGIAR, Contour line, COSMO-SkyMed, Depth sounding, Digital image correlation and tracking, Digital outcrop model, Discrete global grid, Doppler radar, DTED, Earth observation satellite, Elevation, Engineering, Environment Agency, Environmental flow, European Remote-Sensing Satellite, False color, Flight planning, Flight simulator, Focus variation, Forestry, Geographic information system, Geomorphology, Global Positioning System, Global relief model, GLONASS, Grade (slope), Gravimetry, Gravity, Grid (spatial index), GTOPO30, Heightmap, Hydrology, Infrastructure, Intelligent transportation system, Interferometric synthetic-aperture radar, Interferometry, Interpolation, ... Expand index (65 more) »

2. Digital elevation models

Advanced driver-assistance system

Advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) are technologies that assist drivers with the safe operation of a vehicle.

See Digital elevation model and Advanced driver-assistance system

Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer

The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) is a Japanese remote sensing instrument onboard the Terra satellite launched by NASA in 1999.

See Digital elevation model and Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer

Aerial photography

Aerial photography (or airborne imagery) is the taking of photographs from an aircraft or other airborne platforms.

See Digital elevation model and Aerial photography

Aerial survey

Aerial survey is a method of collecting geomatics or other imagery by using airplanes, helicopters, UAVs, balloons or other aerial methods.

See Digital elevation model and Aerial survey

Angular resolution

Angular resolution describes the ability of any image-forming device such as an optical or radio telescope, a microscope, a camera, or an eye, to distinguish small details of an object, thereby making it a major determinant of image resolution.

See Digital elevation model and Angular resolution

Archaeology

Archaeology or archeology is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture.

See Digital elevation model and Archaeology

Aspect (geography)

In physical geography and physical geology, aspect (also known as exposure) is the compass direction or azimuth that a terrain surface faces.

See Digital elevation model and Aspect (geography)

Asteroid

An asteroid is a minor planet—an object that is neither a true planet nor an identified comet— that orbits within the inner Solar System.

See Digital elevation model and Asteroid

Avalanche

An avalanche is a rapid flow of snow down a slope, such as a hill or mountain.

See Digital elevation model and Avalanche

Bathymetric attributed grid

Bathymetric Attributed Grid (BAG) is a file format designed to store and exchange bathymetric data.

See Digital elevation model and Bathymetric attributed grid

Bathymetry

Bathymetry is the study of underwater depth of ocean floors (seabed topography), lake floors, or river floors.

See Digital elevation model and Bathymetry

Building

A building or edifice is an enclosed structure with a roof and walls, usually standing permanently in one place, such as a house or factory.

See Digital elevation model and Building

Canopy (biology)

In biology, the canopy is the aboveground portion of a plant cropping or crop, formed by the collection of individual plant crowns.

See Digital elevation model and Canopy (biology)

CGIAR

CGIAR (formerly the Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research) is a global partnership that unites international organizations engaged in research about food security.

See Digital elevation model and CGIAR

Contour line

A contour line (also isoline, isopleth, isoquant or isarithm) of a function of two variables is a curve along which the function has a constant value, so that the curve joins points of equal value.

See Digital elevation model and Contour line

COSMO-SkyMed

COSMO-SkyMed (COnstellation of small Satellites for the Mediterranean basin Observation) is an Earth-observation satellite space-based radar system funded by the Italian Ministry of Research and Ministry of Defence and conducted by the Italian Space Agency (ASI), intended for both military and civilian use.

See Digital elevation model and COSMO-SkyMed

Depth sounding

Depth sounding, often simply called sounding, is measuring the depth of a body of water.

See Digital elevation model and Depth sounding

Digital image correlation and tracking

Digital image correlation and tracking is an optical method that employs tracking and image registration techniques for accurate 2D and 3D measurements of changes in images.

See Digital elevation model and Digital image correlation and tracking

Digital outcrop model

A digital outcrop model (DOM), also called a virtual outcrop model, is a digital 3D representation of the outcrop surface, mostly in a form of textured polygon mesh.

See Digital elevation model and Digital outcrop model

Discrete global grid

A discrete global grid (DGG) is a mosaic that covers the entire Earth's surface.

See Digital elevation model and Discrete global grid

Doppler radar

A Doppler radar is a specialized radar that uses the Doppler effect to produce velocity data about objects at a distance.

See Digital elevation model and Doppler radar

DTED

DTED (or Digital Terrain Elevation Data) is a standard of digital datasets which consists of a matrix of terrain elevation values, i.e., a Digital Elevation Model. Digital elevation model and DTED are digital elevation models.

See Digital elevation model and DTED

Earth observation satellite

An Earth observation satellite or Earth remote sensing satellite is a satellite used or designed for Earth observation (EO) from orbit, including spy satellites and similar ones intended for non-military uses such as environmental monitoring, meteorology, cartography and others.

See Digital elevation model and Earth observation satellite

Elevation

The elevation of a geographic ''location'' is its height above or below a fixed reference point, most commonly a reference geoid, a mathematical model of the Earth's sea level as an equipotential gravitational surface (see Geodetic datum § Vertical datum).

See Digital elevation model and Elevation

Engineering

Engineering is the practice of using natural science, mathematics, and the engineering design process to solve technical problems, increase efficiency and productivity, and improve systems.

See Digital elevation model and Engineering

Environment Agency

The Environment Agency (EA) is a non-departmental public body, established in 1996 and sponsored by the United Kingdom government's Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, with responsibilities relating to the protection and enhancement of the environment in England (and until 2013 also Wales).

See Digital elevation model and Environment Agency

Environmental flow

Environmental flows describe the quantity, timing, and quality of water flows required to sustain freshwater and estuarine ecosystems and the human livelihoods and well being that depend on these ecosystems.

See Digital elevation model and Environmental flow

European Remote-Sensing Satellite

European Remote Sensing satellite (ERS) was the European Space Agency's first Earth-observing satellite programme using a polar orbit.

See Digital elevation model and European Remote-Sensing Satellite

False color

False colors and pseudo colors respectively refers to a group of color rendering methods used to display images in colors which were recorded in the visible or non-visible parts of the electromagnetic spectrum.

See Digital elevation model and False color

Flight planning

Flight planning is the process of producing a flight plan to describe a proposed aircraft flight.

See Digital elevation model and Flight planning

Flight simulator

A flight simulator is a device that artificially re-creates aircraft flight and the environment in which it flies, for pilot training, design, or other purposes.

See Digital elevation model and Flight simulator

Focus variation

Focus variation is a method used to sharpen images and to measure surface irregularities by means of optics with limited depth of field.

See Digital elevation model and Focus variation

Forestry

Forestry is the science and craft of creating, managing, planting, using, conserving and repairing forests and woodlands for associated resources for human and environmental benefits.

See Digital elevation model and Forestry

Geographic information system

A geographic information system (GIS) consists of integrated computer hardware and software that store, manage, analyze, edit, output, and visualize geographic data.

See Digital elevation model and Geographic information system

Geomorphology

Geomorphology (from Ancient Greek:,, 'earth';,, 'form'; and,, 'study') is the scientific study of the origin and evolution of topographic and bathymetric features generated by physical, chemical or biological processes operating at or near Earth's surface.

See Digital elevation model and Geomorphology

Global Positioning System

The Global Positioning System (GPS), originally Navstar GPS, is a satellite-based radio navigation system owned by the United States government and operated by the United States Space Force.

See Digital elevation model and Global Positioning System

Global relief model

A global relief model, sometimes also denoted as global topography model or composite model, combines digital elevation model (DEM) data over land with digital bathymetry model (DBM) data over water-covered areas (oceans, lakes) to describe Earth's relief. Digital elevation model and global relief model are digital elevation models.

See Digital elevation model and Global relief model

GLONASS

GLONASS (label,; t) is a Russian satellite navigation system operating as part of a radionavigation-satellite service.

See Digital elevation model and GLONASS

Grade (slope)

The grade (US) or gradient (UK) (also called stepth, slope, incline, mainfall, pitch or rise) of a physical feature, landform or constructed line refers to the tangent of the angle of that surface to the horizontal.

See Digital elevation model and Grade (slope)

Gravimetry

Gravimetry is the measurement of the strength of a gravitational field.

See Digital elevation model and Gravimetry

Gravity

In physics, gravity is a fundamental interaction which causes mutual attraction between all things that have mass.

See Digital elevation model and Gravity

Grid (spatial index)

In the context of a spatial index, a grid or mesh is a regular tessellation of a manifold or 2-D surface that divides it into a series of contiguous cells, which can then be assigned unique identifiers and used for spatial indexing purposes.

See Digital elevation model and Grid (spatial index)

GTOPO30

GTOPO30 is a digital elevation model for the world, developed by United States Geological Survey (USGS). Digital elevation model and GTOPO30 are digital elevation models.

See Digital elevation model and GTOPO30

Heightmap

In computer graphics, a heightmap or heightfield is a raster image used mainly as Discrete Global Grid in secondary elevation modeling.

See Digital elevation model and Heightmap

Hydrology

Hydrology is the scientific study of the movement, distribution, and management of water on Earth and other planets, including the water cycle, water resources, and drainage basin sustainability.

See Digital elevation model and Hydrology

Infrastructure

Infrastructure is the set of facilities and systems that serve a country, city, or other area, and encompasses the services and facilities necessary for its economy, households and firms to function.

See Digital elevation model and Infrastructure

Intelligent transportation system

An intelligent transportation system (ITS) is an advanced application that aims to provide innovative services relating to different modes of transport and traffic management and enable users to be better informed and make safer, more coordinated, and 'smarter' use of transport networks.

See Digital elevation model and Intelligent transportation system

Interferometric synthetic-aperture radar

Interferometric synthetic aperture radar, abbreviated InSAR (or deprecated IfSAR), is a radar technique used in geodesy and remote sensing.

See Digital elevation model and Interferometric synthetic-aperture radar

Interferometry

Interferometry is a technique which uses the interference of superimposed waves to extract information.

See Digital elevation model and Interferometry

Interpolation

In the mathematical field of numerical analysis, interpolation is a type of estimation, a method of constructing (finding) new data points based on the range of a discrete set of known data points.

See Digital elevation model and Interpolation

Kilometre

The kilometre (SI symbol: km; or), spelt kilometer in American English and Philippine English, is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), equal to one thousand metres (kilo- being the SI prefix for). It is the preferred measurement unit to express distances between geographical places on land in most of the world; notable exceptions are the United States and the United Kingdom where the statute mile is used.

See Digital elevation model and Kilometre

Land-use planning

Land use planning or Land-use regulation is the process of regulating the use of land by a central authority.

See Digital elevation model and Land-use planning

Landscape planning

Landscape planning is a branch of landscape architecture.

See Digital elevation model and Landscape planning

Landslide

Landslides, also known as landslips, or rockslides, are several forms of mass wasting that may include a wide range of ground movements, such as rockfalls, mudflows, shallow or deep-seated slope failures and debris flows.

See Digital elevation model and Landslide

Lidar

Lidar (also LIDAR, LiDAR or LADAR, an acronym of "light detection and ranging" or "laser imaging, detection, and ranging") is a method for determining ranges by targeting an object or a surface with a laser and measuring the time for the reflected light to return to the receiver.

See Digital elevation model and Lidar

Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter

The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) is a NASA robotic spacecraft currently orbiting the Moon in an eccentric polar mapping orbit.

See Digital elevation model and Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter

Mars

Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun.

See Digital elevation model and Mars

Mars Global Surveyor

Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) was an American robotic space probe developed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and launched November 1996.

See Digital elevation model and Mars Global Surveyor

Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter

MOLA topographic images of the two hemispheres of Mars. This image appeared on the cover of ''Science'' magazine in May 1999. The Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) was one of five instruments on the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) spacecraft, which operated in Mars orbit from September 1997 to November 2006.

See Digital elevation model and Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter

MDA (company)

MDA Ltd. is a Canadian space technology company headquartered in Brampton, Ontario, Canada, that provides geointelligence, robotics and space operations, and satellite systems.

See Digital elevation model and MDA (company)

Metre

The metre (or meter in US spelling; symbol: m) is the base unit of length in the International System of Units (SI).

See Digital elevation model and Metre

Minute and second of arc

A minute of arc, arcminute (arcmin), arc minute, or minute arc, denoted by the symbol, is a unit of angular measurement equal to of one degree.

See Digital elevation model and Minute and second of arc

Mountain

A mountain is an elevated portion of the Earth's crust, generally with steep sides that show significant exposed bedrock.

See Digital elevation model and Mountain

NASA WorldWind

NASA WorldWind is an open-source (released under the NOSA license and the Apache 2.0 license) virtual globe.

See Digital elevation model and NASA WorldWind

National lidar dataset

A national lidar dataset refers to a high-resolution lidar dataset comprising most—and ideally all—of a nation's terrain.

See Digital elevation model and National lidar dataset

Natural satellite

A natural satellite is, in the most common usage, an astronomical body that orbits a planet, dwarf planet, or small Solar System body (or sometimes another natural satellite).

See Digital elevation model and Natural satellite

Photogrammetry

Photogrammetry is the science and technology of obtaining reliable information about physical objects and the environment through the process of recording, measuring and interpreting photographic images and patterns of electromagnetic radiant imagery and other phenomena.

See Digital elevation model and Photogrammetry

Physical geodesy

Physical geodesy is the study of the physical properties of Earth's gravity and its potential field (the geopotential), with a view to their application in geodesy.

See Digital elevation model and Physical geodesy

Physical geography

Physical geography (also known as physiography) is one of the three main branches of geography.

See Digital elevation model and Physical geography

Pixel

In digital imaging, a pixel (abbreviated px), pel, or picture element is the smallest addressable element in a raster image, or the smallest addressable element in a dot matrix display device.

See Digital elevation model and Pixel

Planet

A planet is a large, rounded astronomical body that is generally required to be in orbit around a star, stellar remnant, or brown dwarf, and is not one itself.

See Digital elevation model and Planet

Planetary science

Planetary science (or more rarely, planetology) is the scientific study of planets (including Earth), celestial bodies (such as moons, asteroids, comets) and planetary systems (in particular those of the Solar System) and the processes of their formation.

See Digital elevation model and Planetary science

Precision agriculture

Precision agriculture (PA) is a farming management strategy based on observing, measuring and responding to temporal and spatial variability to improve agricultural production sustainability.

See Digital elevation model and Precision agriculture

Radar

Radar is a system that uses radio waves to determine the distance (ranging), direction (azimuth and elevation angles), and radial velocity of objects relative to the site.

See Digital elevation model and Radar

Radarsat-1

RADARSAT-1 was Canada's first commercial Earth observation satellite.

See Digital elevation model and Radarsat-1

Radarsat-2

RADARSAT-2 is a Canadian Space Agency (CSA) Earth observation satellite.

See Digital elevation model and Radarsat-2

Raised-relief map

A raised-relief map, terrain model or embossed map is a three-dimensional representation, usually of terrain, materialized as a physical artifact.

See Digital elevation model and Raised-relief map

Range imaging

Range imaging is the name for a collection of techniques that are used to produce a 2D image showing the distance to points in a scene from a specific point, normally associated with some type of sensor device.

See Digital elevation model and Range imaging

Raster graphics

smiley face in the top left corner is a raster image. When enlarged, individual pixels appear as squares. Enlarging further, each pixel can be analyzed, with their colors constructed through combination of the values for red, green and blue. In computer graphics and digital photography, a raster graphic represents a two-dimensional picture as a rectangular matrix or grid of pixels, viewable via a computer display, paper, or other display medium.

See Digital elevation model and Raster graphics

Real-time kinematic positioning

Real-time kinematic positioning (RTK) is the application of surveying to correct for common errors in current satellite navigation (GNSS) systems.

See Digital elevation model and Real-time kinematic positioning

Relief mapping (computer graphics)

In computer graphics, relief mapping is a texture mapping technique first introduced in 2000 used to render the surface details of three-dimensional objects accurately and efficiently.

See Digital elevation model and Relief mapping (computer graphics)

Remote sensing

Remote sensing is the acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object, in contrast to in situ or on-site observation.

See Digital elevation model and Remote sensing

Satellite imagery

Satellite images (also Earth observation imagery, spaceborne photography, or simply satellite photo) are images of Earth collected by imaging satellites operated by governments and businesses around the world.

See Digital elevation model and Satellite imagery

Satellite navigation

A satellite navigation or satnav system is a system that uses satellites to provide autonomous geopositioning.

See Digital elevation model and Satellite navigation

Scripps Institution of Oceanography

The Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) is the center for oceanography and Earth science based at the University of California, San Diego.

See Digital elevation model and Scripps Institution of Oceanography

Shuttle Radar Topography Mission

The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) is an international research effort that obtained digital elevation models on a near-global scale from 56°S to 60°N, to generate the most complete high-resolution digital topographic database of Earth prior to the release of the ASTER GDEM in 2009. Digital elevation model and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission are digital elevation models.

See Digital elevation model and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission

Spatial Data Transfer Standard

Spatial Data Transfer Standard, or SDTS, is a standard used to describe earth-referenced spatial data.

See Digital elevation model and Spatial Data Transfer Standard

Spatial gradient

A spatial gradient is a gradient whose components are spatial derivatives, i.e., rate of change of a given scalar physical quantity with respect to the position coordinates in physical space.

See Digital elevation model and Spatial gradient

SPOT (satellite)

SPOT (Satellite Pour l’Observation de la Terre, lit. "Satellite for observation of Earth") is a commercial high-resolution optical Earth imaging satellite system operating from space.

See Digital elevation model and SPOT (satellite)

Spot Image

Spot Image, a public limited company created in 1982 by the French Space Agency, Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), the IGN, and Space Manufacturers (Matra, Alcatel, SSC, etc.) is a subsidiary of Airbus Defence and Space (99%).

See Digital elevation model and Spot Image

Stereoscopy

Stereoscopy (also called stereoscopics, or stereo imaging) is a technique for creating or enhancing the illusion of depth in an image by means of stereopsis for binocular vision.

See Digital elevation model and Stereoscopy

Structure from motion

Structure from motion (SfM) is a photogrammetric range imaging technique for estimating three-dimensional structures from two-dimensional image sequences that may be coupled with local motion signals.

See Digital elevation model and Structure from motion

Surface weather analysis

Surface weather analysis is a special type of weather map that provides a view of weather elements over a geographical area at a specified time based on information from ground-based weather stations.

See Digital elevation model and Surface weather analysis

Surveying

Surveying or land surveying is the technique, profession, art, and science of determining the terrestrial two-dimensional or three-dimensional positions of points and the distances and angles between them.

See Digital elevation model and Surveying

TanDEM-X

TanDEM-X (TerraSAR-X add-on for Digital Elevation Measurement) is the name of TerraSAR-X's twin satellite, a German Earth observation satellite using SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) - a modern radar imaging technology.

See Digital elevation model and TanDEM-X

Technical University of Munich

The Technical University of Munich (TUM or TU Munich; Technische Universität München) is a public research university in Munich, Bavaria, Germany.

See Digital elevation model and Technical University of Munich

TERCOM

Terrain contour matching, or TERCOM, is a navigation system used primarily by cruise missiles.

See Digital elevation model and TERCOM

Terra (satellite)

Terra (EOS AM-1) is a multi-national scientific research satellite operated by NASA in a Sun-synchronous orbit around the Earth.

See Digital elevation model and Terra (satellite)

Terrain

Terrain or relief (also topographical relief) involves the vertical and horizontal dimensions of land surface.

See Digital elevation model and Terrain

Terrain cartography

Terrain cartography or relief mapping is the depiction of the shape of the surface of the Earth on a map, using one or more of several techniques that have been developed.

See Digital elevation model and Terrain cartography

TerraSAR-X

TerraSAR-X, is an imaging radar Earth observation satellite, a joint venture being carried out under a public-private-partnership between the German Aerospace Center (DLR) and EADS Astrium.

See Digital elevation model and TerraSAR-X

Theodolite

A theodolite is a precision optical instrument for measuring angles between designated visible points in the horizontal and vertical planes.

See Digital elevation model and Theodolite

Topographic map

In modern mapping, a topographic map or topographic sheet is a type of map characterized by large-scale detail and quantitative representation of relief features, usually using contour lines (connecting points of equal elevation), but historically using a variety of methods.

See Digital elevation model and Topographic map

Total station

A total station or total station theodolite is an electronic/optical instrument used for surveying and building construction.

See Digital elevation model and Total station

Train simulator

A train simulator (also railroad simulator or railway simulator) is a computer based simulation of rail transport operations.

See Digital elevation model and Train simulator

Triangulated irregular network

In computer graphics, a triangulated irregular network (TIN) is a representation of a continuous surface consisting entirely of triangular facets (a triangle mesh), used mainly as Discrete Global Grid in primary elevation modeling.

See Digital elevation model and Triangulated irregular network

U.S. territorial sovereignty

In the United States, a territory is any extent of region under the sovereign jurisdiction of the federal government of the United States, including all waters (around islands or continental tracts).

See Digital elevation model and U.S. territorial sovereignty

United States Geological Survey

The United States Geological Survey (USGS), founded as the Geological Survey, is an agency of the United States government whose work spans the disciplines of biology, geography, geology, and hydrology.

See Digital elevation model and United States Geological Survey

Unmanned aerial vehicle

An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), commonly known as a drone, is an aircraft without any human pilot, crew, or passengers on board.

See Digital elevation model and Unmanned aerial vehicle

Urban planning

Urban planning, also known as town planning, city planning, regional planning, or rural planning in specific contexts, is a technical and political process that is focused on the development and design of land use and the built environment, including air, water, and the infrastructure passing into and out of urban areas, such as transportation, communications, and distribution networks, and their accessibility.

See Digital elevation model and Urban planning

USGS DEM

The USGS DEM standard is a geospatial file format developed by the United States Geological Survey for storing a raster-based digital elevation model. Digital elevation model and USGS DEM are digital elevation models.

See Digital elevation model and USGS DEM

Vertical exaggeration

Vertical exaggeration (VE) is a scale that is used in raised-relief maps, plans and technical drawings (cross section perspectives), in order to emphasize vertical features, which might be too small to identify relative to the horizontal scale.

See Digital elevation model and Vertical exaggeration

Visualization (graphics)

Visualization (or visualisation (see spelling differences)), also known as Graphics Visualization, is any technique for creating images, diagrams, or animations to communicate a message.

See Digital elevation model and Visualization (graphics)

VNIR

The visible and near-infrared (VNIR) portion of the electromagnetic spectrum has wavelengths between approximately 400 and 1100 nanometers (nm).

See Digital elevation model and VNIR

3D computer graphics

3D computer graphics, sometimes called CGI, 3-D-CGI or three-dimensional computer graphics, are graphics that use a three-dimensional representation of geometric data (often Cartesian) that is stored in the computer for the purposes of performing calculations and rendering digital images, usually 2D images but sometimes 3D images.

See Digital elevation model and 3D computer graphics

See also

Digital elevation models

• DTED
• Digital elevation model
• GTOPO30
• Global relief model
• National Elevation Dataset
• Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica
• Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
• USGS DEM

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_elevation_model

Also known as Digital Elevation Modeling, Digital Surface Model, Digital Terrain Model, Digital Terrain Models, Digital elevation map, Digital elevation modelling, Digital elevation models, Digital terrain modeling, Digital terrain modelling, Terrain parameters.

, Kilometre, Land-use planning, Landscape planning, Landslide, Lidar, Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, Mars, Mars Global Surveyor, Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter, MDA (company), Metre, Minute and second of arc, Mountain, NASA WorldWind, National lidar dataset, Natural satellite, Photogrammetry, Physical geodesy, Physical geography, Pixel, Planet, Planetary science, Precision agriculture, Radar, Radarsat-1, Radarsat-2, Raised-relief map, Range imaging, Raster graphics, Real-time kinematic positioning, Relief mapping (computer graphics), Remote sensing, Satellite imagery, Satellite navigation, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission, Spatial Data Transfer Standard, Spatial gradient, SPOT (satellite), Spot Image, Stereoscopy, Structure from motion, Surface weather analysis, Surveying, TanDEM-X, Technical University of Munich, TERCOM, Terra (satellite), Terrain, Terrain cartography, TerraSAR-X, Theodolite, Topographic map, Total station, Train simulator, Triangulated irregular network, U.S. territorial sovereignty, United States Geological Survey, Unmanned aerial vehicle, Urban planning, USGS DEM, Vertical exaggeration, Visualization (graphics), VNIR, 3D computer graphics.