Disease ecology, the Glossary
Disease ecology is a sub-discipline of ecology concerned with the mechanisms, patterns, and effects of host-pathogen interactions, particularly those of infectious diseases.[1]
Table of Contents
48 relations: Anopheles, Biodiversity, Biodiversity loss, Biogeochemical cycle, Biological interaction, Climate, Climate change, Competition (biology), Conservation biology, Culex pipiens, Culex quinquefasciatus, Disease vector, Eagle, Ecoimmunology, Ecology, Ecosystem, Ecosystem service, Edge effects, El Niño–Southern Oscillation, Elk, Epidemic, Epidemiology, Falcon, Globalization, Habitat destruction, Habitat fragmentation, Hawk, Host–pathogen interaction, Immunology, Invasive species, Ixodes scapularis, Lyme disease, Lymphatic filariasis, Malaria, Microbiology, Natural reservoir, Nutrient cycle, Owl, Parasitism, Pathogen, Plasmodium, Predation, Reindeer, Threshold host density, Urbanization, Weather, West Nile virus, Zoonosis.
Anopheles
Anopheles is a genus of mosquito first described by J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes.
See Disease ecology and Anopheles
Biodiversity
Biodiversity (or biological diversity) is the variety and variability of life on Earth.
See Disease ecology and Biodiversity
Biodiversity loss
Biodiversity loss happens when plant or animal species disappear completely from Earth (extinction) or when there is a decrease or disappearance of species in a specific area.
See Disease ecology and Biodiversity loss
Biogeochemical cycle
A biogeochemical cycle, or more generally a cycle of matter, is the movement and transformation of chemical elements and compounds between living organisms, the atmosphere, and the Earth's crust.
See Disease ecology and Biogeochemical cycle
Biological interaction
In ecology, a biological interaction is the effect that a pair of organisms living together in a community have on each other.
See Disease ecology and Biological interaction
Climate
Climate is the long-term weather pattern in a region, typically averaged over 30 years.
See Disease ecology and Climate
Climate change
In common usage, climate change describes global warming—the ongoing increase in global average temperature—and its effects on Earth's climate system.
See Disease ecology and Climate change
Competition (biology)
Competition is an interaction between organisms or species in which both require a resource that is in limited supply (such as food, water, or territory).
See Disease ecology and Competition (biology)
Conservation biology
Conservation biology is the study of the conservation of nature and of Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction and the erosion of biotic interactions.
See Disease ecology and Conservation biology
Culex pipiens
Culex pipiens is a species of mosquito commonly referred to as the common house mosquito or northern house mosquito, as it is the most common mosquito to the northern regions of the US.
See Disease ecology and Culex pipiens
Culex quinquefasciatus
Culex quinquefasciatus (originally named Culex fatigans), commonly known as the southern house mosquito, is a medium-sized mosquito found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world.
See Disease ecology and Culex quinquefasciatus
Disease vector
In epidemiology, a disease vector is any living agent that carries and transmits an infectious pathogen such as a parasite or microbe, to another living organism. Disease ecology and disease vector are epidemiology.
See Disease ecology and Disease vector
Eagle
Eagle is the common name for the golden eagle, bald eagle, and other birds of prey in the family Accipitridae.
Ecoimmunology
Ecoimmunology or Ecological Immunology is the study of the causes and consequences of variation in immunity.
See Disease ecology and Ecoimmunology
Ecology
Ecology is the natural science of the relationships among living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment.
See Disease ecology and Ecology
Ecosystem
An ecosystem (or ecological system) is a system that environments and their organisms form through their interaction.
See Disease ecology and Ecosystem
Ecosystem service
Ecosystem services are the various benefits that humans derive from healthy ecosystems.
See Disease ecology and Ecosystem service
Edge effects
In ecology, edge effects are changes in population or community structures that occur at the boundary of two or more habitats.
See Disease ecology and Edge effects
El Niño–Southern Oscillation
El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a global climate phenomenon that emerges from variations in winds and sea surface temperatures over the tropical Pacific Ocean.
See Disease ecology and El Niño–Southern Oscillation
Elk
The elk (elk or elks; Cervus canadensis), or wapiti, is the second largest species within the deer family, Cervidae, and one of the largest terrestrial mammals in its native range of North America and Central and East Asia.
Epidemic
An epidemic (from Greek ἐπί epi "upon or above" and δῆμος demos "people") is the rapid spread of disease to a large number of hosts in a given population within a short period of time.
See Disease ecology and Epidemic
Epidemiology
Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where), patterns and determinants of health and disease conditions in a defined population.
See Disease ecology and Epidemiology
Falcon
Falcons are birds of prey in the genus Falco, which includes about 40 species. Some small species of falcons with long, narrow wings are called hobbies, and some that hover while hunting are called kestrels. Falcons are widely distributed on all continents of the world except Antarctica, though closely related raptors did occur there in the Eocene.
See Disease ecology and Falcon
Globalization
Globalization, or globalisation (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences), is the process of interaction and integration among people, companies, and governments worldwide.
See Disease ecology and Globalization
Habitat destruction
Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and habitat reduction) occurs when a natural habitat is no longer able to support its native species.
See Disease ecology and Habitat destruction
Habitat fragmentation
Habitat fragmentation describes the emergence of discontinuities (fragmentation) in an organism's preferred environment (habitat), causing population fragmentation and ecosystem decay.
See Disease ecology and Habitat fragmentation
Hawk
Hawks are birds of prey of the family Accipitridae.
Host–pathogen interaction
The host–pathogen interaction is defined as how microbes or viruses sustain themselves within host organisms on a molecular, cellular, organismal or population level.
See Disease ecology and Host–pathogen interaction
Immunology
Immunology is a branch of biology and medicine that covers the study of immune systems in all organisms.
See Disease ecology and Immunology
Invasive species
An invasive species is an introduced species that harms its new environment.
See Disease ecology and Invasive species
Ixodes scapularis
Ixodes scapularis is commonly known as the deer tick or black-legged tick (although some people reserve the latter term for Ixodes pacificus, which is found on the west coast of the US), and in some parts of the US as the bear tick.
See Disease ecology and Ixodes scapularis
Lyme disease
Lyme disease, also known as Lyme borreliosis, is a tick-borne disease caused by species of Borrelia bacteria, transmitted by blood-feeding ticks in the genus Ixodes.
See Disease ecology and Lyme disease
Lymphatic filariasis
Lymphatic filariasis is a human disease caused by parasitic worms known as filarial worms.
See Disease ecology and Lymphatic filariasis
Malaria
Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects vertebrates.
See Disease ecology and Malaria
Microbiology
Microbiology is the scientific study of microorganisms, those being of unicellular (single-celled), multicellular (consisting of complex cells), or acellular (lacking cells).
See Disease ecology and Microbiology
Natural reservoir
In infectious disease ecology and epidemiology, a natural reservoir, also known as a disease reservoir or a reservoir of infection, is the population of organisms or the specific environment in which an infectious pathogen naturally lives and reproduces, or upon which the pathogen primarily depends for its survival. Disease ecology and natural reservoir are epidemiology.
See Disease ecology and Natural reservoir
Nutrient cycle
A nutrient cycle (or ecological recycling) is the movement and exchange of inorganic and organic matter back into the production of matter.
See Disease ecology and Nutrient cycle
Owl
Owls are birds from the order Strigiformes, which includes over 200 species of mostly solitary and nocturnal birds of prey typified by an upright stance, a large, broad head, binocular vision, binaural hearing, sharp talons, and feathers adapted for silent flight.
Parasitism
Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life.
See Disease ecology and Parasitism
Pathogen
In biology, a pathogen (πάθος, "suffering", "passion" and -γενής, "producer of"), in the oldest and broadest sense, is any organism or agent that can produce disease.
See Disease ecology and Pathogen
Plasmodium
Plasmodium is a genus of unicellular eukaryotes that are obligate parasites of vertebrates and insects.
See Disease ecology and Plasmodium
Predation
Predation is a biological interaction where one organism, the predator, kills and eats another organism, its prey.
See Disease ecology and Predation
Reindeer
The reindeer or caribou (Rangifer tarandus) is a species of deer with circumpolar distribution, native to Arctic, subarctic, tundra, boreal, and mountainous regions of Northern Europe, Siberia, and North America.
See Disease ecology and Reindeer
Threshold host density
Threshold host density (NT), in the context of wildlife disease ecology, refers to the concentration of a population of a particular organism as it relates to disease. Disease ecology and Threshold host density are epidemiology.
See Disease ecology and Threshold host density
Urbanization
Urbanization (or urbanisation in British English) is the population shift from rural to urban areas, the corresponding decrease in the proportion of people living in rural areas, and the ways in which societies adapt to this change.
See Disease ecology and Urbanization
Weather
Weather is the state of the atmosphere, describing for example the degree to which it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy.
See Disease ecology and Weather
West Nile virus
West Nile virus (WNV) is a single-stranded RNA virus that causes West Nile fever.
See Disease ecology and West Nile virus
Zoonosis
A zoonosis (plural zoonoses) or zoonotic disease is an infectious disease of humans caused by a pathogen (an infectious agent, such as a bacterium, virus, parasite, or prion) that can jump from a non-human (usually a vertebrate) to a human and vice versa.
See Disease ecology and Zoonosis