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Diving medicine, the Glossary

Diving medicine, also called undersea and hyperbaric medicine (UHB), is the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of conditions caused by humans entering the undersea environment.^[1]

105 relations: Accident analysis, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, Air embolism, Albert A. Bühlmann, Albert R. Behnke, Alf O. Brubakk, Ambient pressure, American Medical Association, American Osteopathic Association, Antioxidant, Artery, Arthur J. Bachrach, Aura (symptom), Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery, Barotrauma, Breathing gas, Brian Andrew Hills, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Charitable organization, Charles Wesley Shilling, Christian J. Lambertsen, Circulatory system, Commercial diving, Conjunctiva, Convulsion, Decompression illness, Decompression practice, Decompression sickness, Decompression theory, Department of Employment and Labour, Derriford Hospital, Differential diagnosis, Dive computer, Diving chamber, Diving disorders, Diving equipment, Diving physics, Doctor of Medicine, Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine, Donation, Edward D. Thalmann, Fine motor skill, Fitness to dive, George F. Bond, Grant (money), Heliox, Helium, High-pressure nervous syndrome, Human physiology of underwater diving, Hydreliox, ... Expand index (55 more) »
Military medicine
Underwater diving medicine

Accident analysis

Accident analysis is a process carried out in order to determine the cause or causes of an accident (that can result in single or multiple outcomes) so as to prevent further accidents of a similar kind.

See Diving medicine and Accident analysis

Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education

The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) is the body responsible for accrediting all graduate medical training programs (i.e., internships, residencies, and fellowships, a.k.a. subspecialty programs) for physicians in the United States.

See Diving medicine and Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education

Air embolism

An air embolism, also known as a gas embolism, is a blood vessel blockage caused by one or more bubbles of air or other gas in the circulatory system. Diving medicine and air embolism are underwater diving medicine.

See Diving medicine and Air embolism

Albert A. Bühlmann

Albert Alois Bühlmann (16 May 1923 – 16 March 1994) was a Swiss physician who was principally responsible for a number of important contributions to decompression science at the Laboratory of Hyperbaric Physiology at the University Hospital in Zürich, Switzerland.

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Albert R. Behnke

Captain Albert Richard Behnke Jr. USN (ret.) (August 8, 1903 – January 16, 1992) was an American physician, who was principally responsible for developing the U.S. Naval Medical Research Institute.

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Alf O. Brubakk

Alf Ottar Brubakk (24 January 1941 – 5 April 2022) was a Norwegian researcher and professor at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Department of Circulation and Imaging (ISB) of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet) in Trondheim, Norway.

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Ambient pressure

The ambient pressure on an object is the pressure of the surrounding medium, such as a gas or liquid, in contact with the object.

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American Medical Association

The American Medical Association (AMA) is an American professional association and lobbying group of physicians and medical students.

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American Osteopathic Association

The American Osteopathic Association (AOA) is the representative member organization for the more than 176,000 osteopathic medical doctors (D.O.s) and osteopathic medical students in the United States.

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Antioxidant

Antioxidants are compounds that inhibit oxidation (usually occurring as autoxidation), a chemical reaction that can produce free radicals.

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Artery

An artery is a blood vessel in humans and most other animals that takes oxygenated blood away from the heart in the systemic circulation to one or more parts of the body.

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Arthur J. Bachrach

Arthur J. Bachrach (– December 19, 2011) was an American psychologist and administrator, who was Professor and Chairman of the Department of Psychology at Arizona State University, and Director of the Environmental Stress Program and Chair of Psychophysiology at the Naval Medical Research Institute at the Naval Medical Center in Bethesda.

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Aura (symptom)

An aura is a perceptual disturbance experienced by some with epilepsy or migraine.

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Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery

A Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (Medicinae Baccalaureus, Baccalaureus Chirurgiae; MBBS, also abbreviated as BM BS, MB ChB, MB BCh, or MB BChir) is a medical degree granted by medical schools or universities in countries that adhere to the United Kingdom's higher education tradition.

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Barotrauma

Barotrauma is physical damage to body tissues caused by a difference in pressure between a gas space inside, or in contact with, the body and the surrounding gas or liquid.

See Diving medicine and Barotrauma

Breathing gas

A breathing gas is a mixture of gaseous chemical elements and compounds used for respiration.

See Diving medicine and Breathing gas

Brian Andrew Hills

Brian Andrew Hills, born 19 March 1934 in Cardiff, Wales, died 13 January 2006 in Brisbane, Queensland, was a physiologist who worked on decompression theory.

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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure consisting of chest compressions often combined with artificial ventilation, or mouth to mouth in an effort to manually preserve intact brain function until further measures are taken to restore spontaneous blood circulation and breathing in a person who is in cardiac arrest.

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Charitable organization

A charitable organization or charity is an organization whose primary objectives are philanthropy and social well-being (e.g. educational, religious or other activities serving the public interest or common good).

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Charles Wesley Shilling

Captain Charles Wesley Shilling (September 21, 1901 – December 23, 1994) was an American physician who was known as a leader in the field of undersea and hyperbaric medicine, research, and education.

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Christian J. Lambertsen

Christian James Lambertsen (May 15, 1917 – February 11, 2011) was an American environmental medicine and diving medicine specialist who was principally responsible for developing the United States Navy frogmen's rebreathers in the early 1940s for underwater warfare.

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Circulatory system

The circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the entire body of a human or other vertebrate.

See Diving medicine and Circulatory system

Commercial diving

Commercial diving may be considered an application of professional diving where the diver engages in underwater work for industrial, construction, engineering, maintenance or other commercial purposes which are similar to work done out of the water, and where the diving is usually secondary to the work.

See Diving medicine and Commercial diving

Conjunctiva

In the anatomy of the eye, the conjunctiva (conjunctivae) is a thin mucous membrane that lines the inside of the eyelids and covers the sclera (the white of the eye).

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Convulsion

A convulsion is a medical condition where the body muscles contract and relax rapidly and repeatedly, resulting in uncontrolled shaking.

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Decompression illness

Decompression Illness (DCI) comprises two different conditions caused by rapid decompression of the body.

See Diving medicine and Decompression illness

Decompression practice

To prevent or minimize decompression sickness, divers must properly plan and monitor decompression.

See Diving medicine and Decompression practice

Decompression sickness

Decompression sickness (DCS; also called divers' disease, the bends, aerobullosis, and caisson disease) is a medical condition caused by dissolved gases emerging from solution as bubbles inside the body tissues during decompression.

See Diving medicine and Decompression sickness

Decompression theory

Decompression theory is the study and modelling of the transfer of the inert gas component of breathing gases from the gas in the lungs to the tissues and back during exposure to variations in ambient pressure.

See Diving medicine and Decompression theory

Department of Employment and Labour

The Department of Employment and Labour is the department of the South African government responsible for matters related to employment, including industrial relations, job creation, unemployment insurance and occupational health and safety.

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Derriford Hospital

Derriford Hospital is a large teaching hospital in Plymouth, England.

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Differential diagnosis

In healthcare, a differential diagnosis (DDx) is a method of analysis that distinguishes a particular disease or condition from others that present with similar clinical features.

See Diving medicine and Differential diagnosis

Dive computer

A dive computer, personal decompression computer or decompression meter is a device used by an underwater diver to measure the elapsed time and depth during a dive and use this data to calculate and display an ascent profile which, according to the programmed decompression algorithm, will give a low risk of decompression sickness.

See Diving medicine and Dive computer

Diving chamber

A diving chamber is a vessel for human occupation, which may have an entrance that can be sealed to hold an internal pressure significantly higher than ambient pressure, a pressurised gas system to control the internal pressure, and a supply of breathing gas for the occupants. Diving medicine and diving chamber are underwater diving medicine.

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Diving disorders

Diving disorders, or diving related medical conditions, are conditions associated with underwater diving, and include both conditions unique to underwater diving, and those that also occur during other activities. Diving medicine and diving disorders are underwater diving medicine.

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Diving equipment

Diving equipment, or underwater diving equipment, is equipment used by underwater divers to make diving activities possible, easier, safer and/or more comfortable.

See Diving medicine and Diving equipment

Diving physics

Diving physics, or the physics of underwater diving is the basic aspects of physics which describe the effects of the underwater environment on the underwater diver and their equipment, and the effects of blending, compressing, and storing breathing gas mixtures, and supplying them for use at ambient pressure.

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Doctor of Medicine

Doctor of Medicine (abbreviated M.D., from the Latin Medicinae Doctor) is a medical degree, the meaning of which varies between different jurisdictions.

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Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine

Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO or D.O., or in Australia DO USA) is a medical degree conferred by the 38 osteopathic medical schools in the United States.

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Donation

A donation is a gift for charity, humanitarian aid, or to benefit a cause.

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Edward D. Thalmann

Capt. Edward Deforest Thalmann, USN (ret.) (April 3, 1945 – July 24, 2004) was an American hyperbaric medicine specialist who was principally responsible for developing the current United States Navy dive tables for mixed-gas diving, which are based on his eponymous Thalmann Algorithm (VVAL18).

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Fine motor skill

Fine motor skill (or dexterity) is the coordination of small muscles in movement with the eyes, hands and fingers.

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Fitness to dive

Fitness to dive, specifically the medical fitness to dive, is the medical and physical suitability of a diver to function safely in the underwater environment using underwater diving equipment and procedures.

See Diving medicine and Fitness to dive

George F. Bond

Captain George Foote Bond (November 14, 1915 – January 3, 1983) was a United States Navy physician who was known as a leader in the field of undersea and hyperbaric medicine and the "Father of Saturation Diving".

See Diving medicine and George F. Bond

Grant (money)

A grant is a financial award given by a government entity, foundation, corporation, or other organization to an individual or organization for a specific purpose.

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Heliox

Heliox is a breathing gas mixture of helium (He) and oxygen (O2).

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Helium

Helium (from lit) is a chemical element; it has symbol He and atomic number 2.

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High-pressure nervous syndrome

High-pressure nervous syndrome (HPNS – also known as high-pressure neurological syndrome) is a neurological and physiological diving disorder which can result when a diver descends below about using a breathing gas containing helium.

See Diving medicine and High-pressure nervous syndrome

Human physiology of underwater diving

Human physiology of underwater diving is the physiological influences of the underwater environment on the human diver, and adaptations to operating underwater, both during breath-hold dives and while breathing at ambient pressure from a suitable breathing gas supply.

See Diving medicine and Human physiology of underwater diving

Hydreliox

Hydreliox is an exotic breathing gas mixture of hydrogen, helium, and oxygen.

See Diving medicine and Hydreliox

Hyperbaric medicine

Hyperbaric medicine is a medical treatment in which an increase in barometric pressure over ambient pressure is employed increasing the partial pressures of all gases present in the compressed air. Diving medicine and Hyperbaric medicine are underwater diving medicine.

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Hypoxia (medicine)

Hypoxia is a condition in which the body or a region of the body is deprived of adequate oxygen supply at the tissue level. Diving medicine and Hypoxia (medicine) are underwater diving medicine.

See Diving medicine and Hypoxia (medicine)

International Marine Contractors Association

International Marine Contractors Association (IMCA) is a leading international trade association for the marine contracting industry.

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Investigation of diving accidents

Investigation of diving accidents includes investigations into the causes of reportable incidents in professional diving and recreational diving accidents, usually when there is a fatality or litigation for gross negligence.

See Diving medicine and Investigation of diving accidents

John Rawlins (Royal Navy officer)

Surgeon Vice Admiral Sir John Stuart Pepys Rawlins, (12 May 1922 – 27 July 2011) was a Royal Navy officer and pioneer in the field of diving medicine.

See Diving medicine and John Rawlins (Royal Navy officer)

John Scott Haldane

John Scott Haldane (2 May 1860 – 14/15 March 1936) was a British physician physiologist and philosopher famous for intrepid self-experimentation which led to many important discoveries about the human body and the nature of gases.

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Joseph B. MacInnis

Joseph Beverly MacInnis (born 2 March 1937) is a Canadian physician, author, and diver.

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Leonard Hill (physiologist)

Sir Leonard Erskine Hill FRS (2 June 1866, in Bruce Castle, Tottenham – 30 March 1952, in Corton, Suffolk) was a British physiologist.

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List of diving hazards and precautions

Divers face specific physical and health risks when they go underwater with scuba or other diving equipment, or use high pressure breathing gas.

See Diving medicine and List of diving hazards and precautions

Lung

The lungs are the central organs of the respiratory system in humans and some other animals, including tetrapods, some snails and a small number of fish.

See Diving medicine and Lung

Medical device

A medical device is any device intended to be used for medical purposes.

See Diving medicine and Medical device

Medical specialty

A medical specialty is a branch of medical practice that is focused on a defined group of patients, diseases, skills, or philosophy. Diving medicine and medical specialty are medical specialties.

See Diving medicine and Medical specialty

Motor skill

A motor skill is a function that involves specific movements of the body's muscles to perform a certain task.

See Diving medicine and Motor skill

Narcotic

The term narcotic (from ancient Greek ναρκῶ narkō, "I make numb") originally referred medically to any psychoactive compound with numbing or paralyzing properties.

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Necrosis

Necrosis is a form of cell injury which results in the premature death of cells in living tissue by autolysis.

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Nervous system

In biology, the nervous system is the highly complex part of an animal that coordinates its actions and sensory information by transmitting signals to and from different parts of its body.

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Neurology

Neurology (from νεῦρον (neûron), "string, nerve" and the suffix -logia, "study of") is the branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of all categories of conditions and disease involving the nervous system, which comprises the brain, the spinal cord and the peripheral nerves. Diving medicine and Neurology are medical specialties.

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Nitrogen

Nitrogen is a chemical element; it has symbol N and atomic number 7.

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Nitrogen narcosis

Narcosis while diving (also known as nitrogen narcosis, inert gas narcosis, raptures of the deep, Martini effect) is a reversible alteration in consciousness that occurs while diving at depth.

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Nitrox

Nitrox refers to any gas mixture composed (excepting trace gases) of nitrogen and oxygen.

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Otorhinolaryngology

Otorhinolaryngology (abbreviated ORL and also known as otolaryngology, otolaryngology–head and neck surgery (ORL–H&N or OHNS), or ear, nose, and throat (ENT)) is a surgical subspecialty within medicine that deals with the surgical and medical management of conditions of the head and neck. Diving medicine and Otorhinolaryngology are medical specialties.

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Oxygen

Oxygen is a chemical element; it has symbol O and atomic number 8.

See Diving medicine and Oxygen

Oxygen therapy

Oxygen therapy, also referred to as supplemental oxygen, is the use of oxygen as medical treatment. Diving medicine and oxygen therapy are underwater diving medicine.

See Diving medicine and Oxygen therapy

Oxygen toxicity

Oxygen toxicity is a condition resulting from the harmful effects of breathing molecular oxygen at increased partial pressures. Diving medicine and oxygen toxicity are underwater diving medicine.

See Diving medicine and Oxygen toxicity

Paralysis

Paralysis (paralyses; also known as plegia) is a loss of motor function in one or more muscles.

See Diving medicine and Paralysis

Partial pressure

In a mixture of gases, each constituent gas has a partial pressure which is the notional pressure of that constituent gas as if it alone occupied the entire volume of the original mixture at the same temperature.

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Pathology

Pathology is the study of disease and injury. Diving medicine and Pathology are medical specialties.

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Paul Bert

Paul Bert (17 October 1833 – 11 November 1886) was a French zoologist, physiologist and politician.

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Peter B. Bennett

Peter B. Bennett (12 June 1931 – 9 August 2022) was the founder and a president and CEO of the Divers Alert Network (DAN), a non-profit organization devoted to assisting scuba divers in need.

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Physiology

Physiology is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system.

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Plymouth

Plymouth is a port city and unitary authority in Devon, South West England.

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Precautionary principle

The precautionary principle (or precautionary approach) is a broad epistemological, philosophical and legal approach to innovations with potential for causing harm when extensive scientific knowledge on the matter is lacking.

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Psychology

Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior.

See Diving medicine and Psychology

Rebreather

A rebreather is a breathing apparatus that absorbs the carbon dioxide of a user's exhaled breath to permit the rebreathing (recycling) of the substantially unused oxygen content, and unused inert content when present, of each breath.

See Diving medicine and Rebreather

Recreational diving

Recreational diving or sport diving is diving for the purpose of leisure and enjoyment, usually when using scuba equipment.

See Diving medicine and Recreational diving

Registered nurse

A registered nurse (RN) is a nurse who has graduated or successfully passed a nursing program from a recognized nursing school and met the requirements outlined by a country, state, province or similar government-authorized licensing body to obtain a nursing license.

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Richard D. Vann

Richard Deimel Vann is an American academic and diver.

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Robert D. Workman

Robert DuBois Workman (June 7, 1885 – June 20, 1977) was the U.S. Navy chief of chaplains during most of World War II from 1937 to 1945 and oversaw an increase of chaplains from less than 90 to more than 2800.

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Robert William Hamilton Jr.

Robert William Hamilton Jr. (1930 – 16 September 2011), known as Bill, was an American physiologist known for his work in hyperbaric physiology.

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Saturation diving

Saturation diving is diving for periods long enough to bring all tissues into equilibrium with the partial pressures of the inert components of the breathing gas used.

See Diving medicine and Saturation diving

Scuba diving

Scuba diving is a mode of underwater diving whereby divers use breathing equipment that is completely independent of a surface breathing gas supply, and therefore has a limited but variable endurance.

See Diving medicine and Scuba diving

Seizure

A seizure is a period of symptoms due to abnormally excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.

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Signs and symptoms

Signs and symptoms are the observed or detectable signs, and experienced symptoms of an illness, injury, or condition.

See Diving medicine and Signs and symptoms

Simon Mitchell

Simon Mitchell (born 1958) is a New Zealand physician specialising in occupational medicine, hyperbaric medicine and anesthesiology.

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Skin

Skin is the layer of usually soft, flexible outer tissue covering the body of a vertebrate animal, with three main functions: protection, regulation, and sensation.

See Diving medicine and Skin

Subspecialty

A subspecialty (US English) or subspeciality (international English) is a narrow field of professional knowledge/skills within a specialty of trade, and is most commonly used to describe the increasingly more diverse medical specialties. Diving medicine and subspecialty are medical specialties.

See Diving medicine and Subspecialty

Surface-supplied diving

Surface-supplied diving is a mode of underwater diving using equipment supplied with breathing gas through a diver's umbilical from the surface, either from the shore or from a diving support vessel, sometimes indirectly via a diving bell.

See Diving medicine and Surface-supplied diving

Susceptible individual

In epidemiology a susceptible individual (sometimes known simply as a susceptible) is a member of a population who is at risk of becoming infected by a disease.

See Diving medicine and Susceptible individual

Technical diving

Technical diving (also referred to as tec diving or tech diving) is scuba diving that exceeds the agency-specified limits of recreational diving for non-professional purposes.

See Diving medicine and Technical diving

Tissue (biology)

In biology, tissue is an assembly of similar cells and their extracellular matrix from the same embryonic origin that together carry out a specific function.

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Toxicity

Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism.

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Tremor

A tremor is an involuntary, somewhat rhythmic, muscle contraction and relaxation involving oscillations or twitching movements of one or more body parts.

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Underwater diving

Underwater diving, as a human activity, is the practice of descending below the water's surface to interact with the environment.

See Diving medicine and Underwater diving

Vocational rehabilitation

Vocational rehabilitation, also abbreviated VR or voc rehab, is a process which enables persons with functional, psychological, developmental, cognitive, and emotional disabilities, impairments or health disabilities to overcome barriers to accessing, maintaining, or returning to employment or other useful occupations.

See Diving medicine and Vocational rehabilitation

William Paul Fife

Colonel William Paul Fife USAF (Ret) (November 23, 1917 – October 13, 2008) was a United States Air Force officer that first proved the feasibility for U.S. Air Force Security Service airborne Communications Intelligence (COMINT) collection and Fife is considered the "Father of Airborne Intercept".

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diving_medicine

Also known as Diver medical technician, Diving Medical Examiner, Diving Medical Practitioner, Diving Medical Technician.

, Hyperbaric medicine, Hypoxia (medicine), International Marine Contractors Association, Investigation of diving accidents, John Rawlins (Royal Navy officer), John Scott Haldane, Joseph B. MacInnis, Leonard Hill (physiologist), List of diving hazards and precautions, Lung, Medical device, Medical specialty, Motor skill, Narcotic, Necrosis, Nervous system, Neurology, Nitrogen, Nitrogen narcosis, Nitrox, Otorhinolaryngology, Oxygen, Oxygen therapy, Oxygen toxicity, Paralysis, Partial pressure, Pathology, Paul Bert, Peter B. Bennett, Physiology, Plymouth, Precautionary principle, Psychology, Rebreather, Recreational diving, Registered nurse, Richard D. Vann, Robert D. Workman, Robert William Hamilton Jr., Saturation diving, Scuba diving, Seizure, Signs and symptoms, Simon Mitchell, Skin, Subspecialty, Surface-supplied diving, Susceptible individual, Technical diving, Tissue (biology), Toxicity, Tremor, Underwater diving, Vocational rehabilitation, William Paul Fife.

Diving medicine, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Military medicine

Underwater diving medicine

References