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East German mark, the Glossary

The East German mark (Mark der DDR), commonly called the eastern mark (Ostmark) in West Germany and after reunification), in East Germany only Mark, was the currency of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany). Its ISO 4217 currency code was DDM. The currency was known officially as the Deutsche Mark from 1948 to 1964, Mark der Deutschen Notenbank from 1964 to 1967, and from 1968 to 1990 as the Mark der DDR (Mark of the GDR).^[1]

AM-Mark

The AM-Mark ("Allied Military Currency") was the currency issued in Allied-occupied Germany by AMGOT after the commencement of Operation Wild Dog in 1944. East German mark and aM-Mark are currencies of Germany and Modern obsolete currencies.

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Bank deutscher Länder

The Bank deutscher Länder (BdL) was a central bank established in 1948 to serve West Germany, issuing the Deutsche Mark. East German mark and bank deutscher Länder are 1948 establishments in Germany.

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Bizone

The Bizone or Bizonia was the combination of the American and the British occupation zones on 1 January 1947 during the occupation of Germany after World War II.

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Black market

A black market, underground economy, or shadow economy is a clandestine market or series of transactions that has some aspect of illegality or is not compliant with an institutional set of rules.

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Clara Zetkin

Clara Zetkin (née Eißner; 5 July 1857 – 20 June 1933) was a German Marxist theorist, communist activist, and advocate for women's rights.

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Coat of arms

A coat of arms is a heraldic visual design on an escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the last two being outer garments).

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Currency

A currency is a standardization of money in any form, in use or circulation as a medium of exchange, for example banknotes and coins.

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Deutsche Bundesbank

The Deutsche Bundesbank (colloquially Buba, sometimes alternatively abbreviated as BBk or DBB) is the German member of the Eurosystem and has been the monetary authority for Germany from 1957 to 1998, issuing the Deutsche Mark (DM).

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Deutsche Mark

The Deutsche Mark (English: German mark), abbreviated "DM" or "D-Mark", was the official currency of West Germany from 1948 until 1990 and later the unified Germany from 1990 until the adoption of the euro in 2002. East German mark and Deutsche Mark are 1948 establishments in Germany, currencies introduced in 1948, currencies of Germany, currencies with ISO 4217 code and Modern obsolete currencies.

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Deutsche Notenbank

The Deutsche Notenbank was a central bank established in 1948 to serve East Germany. East German mark and Deutsche Notenbank are 1948 establishments in Germany.

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Deutsche Welle

("German Wave"), commonly shortened to DW, is a German public, state-owned international broadcaster funded by the German federal tax budget.

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East Berlin

East Berlin (Ost-Berlin) was the partially recognised capital of East Germany (GDR) from 1949 to 1990. East German mark and East Berlin are 1990 disestablishments in East Germany.

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East Germany

East Germany (Ostdeutschland), officially known as the German Democratic Republic (GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik,, DDR), was a country in Central Europe from its formation on 7 October 1949 until its reunification with West Germany on 3 October 1990.

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Economy of East Germany

The economy of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany; GDR, DDR) was a command economy following the model of the Soviet Union based on the principles of Marxism-Leninism.

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Fernsehturm Berlin

The Fernsehturm (Television Tower) in central Berlin was constructed between 1965 and 1969 by the government of the German Democratic Republic, or East Germany, as both a functional broadcasting facility and a symbol of Communist power.

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Forum check

Forum checks (Forumscheck) were a form of hard currency in East Germany. East German mark and Forum check are currencies of Germany and economy of East Germany.

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Friedrich Engels

Friedrich Engels (. Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.; 28 November 1820 – 5 August 1895) was a German philosopher, political theorist, historian, journalist, and revolutionary socialist.

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German Economic Commission

The German Economic Commission (Deutsche Wirtschaftskommission; DWK) was the top administrative body in the Soviet Occupation Zone of Germany prior to the creation of the German Democratic Republic (Deutsche Demokratische Republik).

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German Peasants' War

The German Peasants' War, Great Peasants' War or Great Peasants' Revolt (Deutscher Bauernkrieg) was a widespread popular revolt in some German-speaking areas in Central Europe from 1524 to 1525.

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German reunification

German reunification (Deutsche Wiedervereinigung) was the process of re-establishing Germany as a single full sovereign state, which took place between 9 November 1989 and 15 March 1991.

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Germany

Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), is a country in Central Europe.

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Halberstadt

Halberstadt (Eastphalian: Halverstidde) is a town in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt, the capital of Harz district.

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Hard currency

In macroeconomics, hard currency, safe-haven currency, or strong currency is any globally traded currency that serves as a reliable and stable store of value.

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Intershop

Intershop was a chain of government-owned and operated retail stores in the German Democratic Republic (GDR, East Germany) in which only hard currencies (and later Forum checks) could be used to purchase high-quality goods, usually from or associated with Western countries. East German mark and Intershop are economy of East Germany.

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ISO 4217

ISO 4217 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines alpha codes and numeric codes for the representation of currencies and provides information about the relationships between individual currencies and their minor units.

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Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (28 August 1749 – 22 March 1832) was a German polymath and writer, who is widely regarded as the greatest and most influential writer in the German language.

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Karl Marx

Karl Marx (5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a German-born philosopher, political theorist, economist, historian, sociologist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist.

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KfW

The KfW, which together with its subsidiaries DEG, KfW IPEX-Bank and FuB forms the KfW Bankengruppe ("banking group"), is a German state-owned investment and development bank, based in Frankfurt.

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Malachite

Malachite is a copper carbonate hydroxide mineral, with the formula Cu2CO3(OH)2.

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Marxism

Marxism is a political philosophy and method of socioeconomic analysis.

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National People's Army

The National People's Army (Nationale Volksarmee,; NVA) were the armed forces of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) from 1956 to 1990.

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Nickel silver

Nickel silver, maillechort, German silver, argentan, new silver, nickel brass, albata, or alpacca is a copper alloy with nickel, and often zinc.

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Palace of the Republic, Berlin

The Palace of the Republic (Palast der Republik) was a building in Berlin that hosted the Volkskammer, the parliament of East Germany, from 1976 to 1990.

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Pfennig

The pfennig (. 'pfennigs' or 'pfennige'; symbol pf or ₰) or penny is a former German coin or note, which was the official currency from the 9th century until the introduction of the euro in 2002. While a valuable coin during the Middle Ages, it lost its value through the years and was the minor coin of the Mark currencies in the German Reich, West Germany and East Germany, and the reunified Germany until the introduction of the euro. East German mark and pfennig are currencies of Germany.

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Reformation

The Reformation, also known as the Protestant Reformation and the European Reformation, was a major theological movement in Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the papacy and the authority of the Catholic Church.

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Reichsmark

The Reichsmark (sign: ℛ︁ℳ︁; abbreviation: RM) was the currency of Germany from 1924 until the fall of Nazi Germany in 1945, and in the American, British and French occupied zones of Germany, until 20 June 1948. East German mark and Reichsmark are currencies of Germany and Modern obsolete currencies.

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Rentenmark

The Rentenmark (RM) was a currency issued on 15 November 1923 to stop the hyperinflation of 1922 and 1923 in Weimar Germany, after the previously used "paper" Mark had become almost worthless. East German mark and Rentenmark are currencies of Germany and Modern obsolete currencies.

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Rheinsberg Nuclear Power Plant

Rheinsberg Nuclear Power Station (Kernkraftwerk Rheinsberg, KKR) was the second nuclear reactor in East Germany after the Rossendorf Research Reactor, and the first nuclear power reactor in East Germany.

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Schwedt

Schwedt (or Schwedt/Oder) is a town in Brandenburg, in northeastern Germany.

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Soviet Military Administration in Germany

The Soviet Military Administration in Germany (Советская военная администрация в Германии, СВАГ; Sovyetskaya Voyennaya Administratsiya v Germanii, SVAG; Sowjetische Militäradministration in Deutschland, SMAD) was the Soviet military government, headquartered in Berlin-Karlshorst, that directly ruled the Soviet occupation zone of Germany from the German surrender in May 1945 until after the establishment of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) in October 1949.

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Soviet occupation zone in Germany

The Soviet occupation zone in Germany (or label) was an area of Germany that was occupied by the Soviet Union as a communist area, established as a result of the Potsdam Agreement on 1 August 1945.

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Staatsbank der DDR

Headquarters of the East German Central Bank The State Bank of the GDR (Staatsbank der DDR) was the central bank of East Germany. East German mark and Staatsbank der DDR are 1990 disestablishments in East Germany and economy of East Germany.

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State Council of East Germany

The State Council of the German Democratic Republic (German: Staatsrat der DDR) was the collective head of state of the German Democratic Republic, most commonly referred to as East Germany, from 1960 to 1990. East German mark and state Council of East Germany are 1990 disestablishments in East Germany.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_German_mark

Also known as Deutsche Mark East, East German banknotes, ISO 4217:DDM, List of commemorative coins of the GDR, Mark der DDR, Mindestumtausch, Zwangsumtausch.

East German mark, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Currencies introduced in 1948

Economy of East Germany

References