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Elżbieta Zawacka, the Glossary

Elżbieta Zawacka (19 March 1909 – 10 January 2009), known also by her war-time nom de guerre Zo, was a Polish university professor, scouting instructor, SOE agent and a freedom fighter during World War II.^[1]

54 relations: Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Andragogy, Anti-communism, Arrest, Berlin, Brigadier general, Brigadier general (Poland), Commandant, Cross of Merit with Swords (Poland), Cross of the Home Army, Cross of Valour (Poland), Doctorate, Espionage, Freedom and Independence Association, German Empire, Gibraltar, Home Army, Internetowa encyklopedia PWN, Invasion of Poland, Kraków, Lech Kaczyński, London, Lviv, Maria Wittek, Mathematics, Ministry of Public Security (Poland), Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Occupation of Poland (1939–1945), Order of Polonia Restituta, Order of the White Eagle (Poland), Poland, Polish government-in-exile, Polish Land Forces, Polish Scientific Publishers PWN, Polish Scouting and Guiding Association, Pro Memoria Medal, Prussian Partition, Przysposobienie Wojskowe Kobiet, Pseudonym, Secondary school, Security Service (Poland), Silent Unseen, Solidarity (Polish trade union), Special Operations Executive, Torture, Toruń, Treason, Union of Armed Struggle, University of Gdańsk, Virtuti Militari, ... Expand index (4 more) »
Academic staff of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń
Cichociemni
Home Army officers
People detained by the Polish Ministry of Public Security
Polish female soldiers
Recipients of the Armia Krajowa Cross
Recipients of the Cross of Merit with Swords (Poland)

Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań

The Adam Mickiewicz University (Uniwersytet im.; Latin: Universitas Studiorum Mickiewicziana Posnaniensis) is a research university in Poznań, Poland.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań

Andragogy

Andragogy refers to methods and principles used in adult education.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Andragogy

Anti-communism

Anti-communism is political and ideological opposition to communist beliefs, groups, and individuals.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Anti-communism

Arrest

An arrest is the act of apprehending and taking a person into custody (legal protection or control), usually because the person has been suspected of or observed committing a crime.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Arrest

Berlin

Berlin is the capital and largest city of Germany, both by area and by population.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Berlin

Brigadier general

Brigadier general or brigade general is a military rank used in many countries.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Brigadier general

Brigadier general (Poland)

Brigadier general (Polish: generał brygady, abbreviated gen. bryg.) is the lowest grade for generals in the Polish Army (both in the land forces and in the Polish Air Force). Elżbieta Zawacka and Brigadier general (Poland) are Polish generals.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Brigadier general (Poland)

Commandant

Commandant is a title often given to the officer in charge of a military (or other uniformed service) training establishment or academy.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Commandant

Cross of Merit with Swords (Poland)

The Cross of Merit with Swords is a Polish military award established October 19, 1942, by the Polish Government in Exile.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Cross of Merit with Swords (Poland)

Cross of the Home Army

The Cross of the Home Army (Krzyż Armii Krajowej) is a Polish military decoration that was introduced by General Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski on 1 August 1966 to commemorate the efforts of the soldiers of the Polish Secret State between 1939 and 1945.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Cross of the Home Army

Cross of Valour (Poland)

The Cross of Valour (Krzyż Walecznych) is a Polish military decoration. Elżbieta Zawacka and Cross of Valour (Poland) are Recipients of the Cross of Valour (Poland).

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Cross of Valour (Poland)

Doctorate

A doctorate (from Latin doctor, meaning "teacher") or doctoral degree is a postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities and some other educational institutions, derived from the ancient formalism licentia docendi ("licence to teach").

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Doctorate

Espionage

Espionage, spying, or intelligence gathering is the act of obtaining secret or confidential information (intelligence).

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Espionage

Freedom and Independence Association

Freedom and Independence Association (Zrzeszenie Wolność i Niezawisłość, or WiN) was a Polish underground anticommunist organisation founded on September 2, 1945, and active until 1952.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Freedom and Independence Association

German Empire

The German Empire, also referred to as Imperial Germany, the Second Reich or simply Germany, was the period of the German Reich from the unification of Germany in 1871 until the November Revolution in 1918, when the German Reich changed its form of government from a monarchy to a republic.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and German Empire

Gibraltar

Gibraltar is a British Overseas Territory and city located at the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula, on the Bay of Gibraltar, near the exit of the Mediterranean Sea into the Atlantic Ocean (Strait of Gibraltar).

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Gibraltar

Home Army

The Home Army (Armia Krajowa,; abbreviated AK) was the dominant resistance movement in German-occupied Poland during World War II.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Home Army

Internetowa encyklopedia PWN

Internetowa encyklopedia PWN (Polish for Internet PWN Encyclopedia) is a free online Polish-language encyclopedia published by Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Internetowa encyklopedia PWN

Invasion of Poland

The Invasion of Poland, also known as the September Campaign, Polish Campaign, War of Poland of 1939, and Polish Defensive War of 1939 (1 September – 6 October 1939), was a joint attack on the Republic of Poland by Nazi Germany, the Slovak Republic, and the Soviet Union, which marked the beginning of World War II.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Invasion of Poland

Kraków

(), also spelled as Cracow or Krakow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Kraków

Lech Kaczyński

Lech Aleksander Kaczyński (18 June 194910 April 2010) was a Polish politician who served as the city mayor of Warsaw from 2002 until 2005, and as President of Poland from 2005 until his death in 2010. Elżbieta Zawacka and Lech Kaczyński are Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Poland).

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Lech Kaczyński

London

London is the capital and largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and London

Lviv

Lviv (Львів; see below for other names) is the largest city in western Ukraine, as well as the sixth-largest city in Ukraine, with a population of It serves as the administrative centre of Lviv Oblast and Lviv Raion, and is one of the main cultural centres of Ukraine.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Lviv

Maria Wittek

Maria Wittek (noms de guerre "Mira", "Pani Maria"; 16 August 1899 in Trębki, near Gostynin – 19 April 1997 in Warsaw, Poland) served in the Polish Army and associated organizations from age 18 and, following retirement, in 1991 became the first Polish woman to be promoted to brigadier-general. Elżbieta Zawacka and Maria Wittek are Polish female soldiers, Polish generals, Polish soldiers, Polish women in World War II resistance, Recipients of the Cross of Valour (Poland), Recipients of the Silver Cross of the Virtuti Militari, Warsaw Uprising insurgents and women in European warfare.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Maria Wittek

Mathematics

Mathematics is a field of study that discovers and organizes abstract objects, methods, theories and theorems that are developed and proved for the needs of empirical sciences and mathematics itself.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Mathematics

Ministry of Public Security (Poland)

The Ministry of Public Security (Ministerstwo Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego), was the secret police, intelligence and counter-espionage agency operating in the Polish People's Republic.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Ministry of Public Security (Poland)

Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń

Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń or NCU (Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, UMK) is located in Toruń, Poland.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń

Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)

The occupation of Poland by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union during World War II (1939–1945) began with the Invasion of Poland in September 1939, and it was formally concluded with the defeat of Germany by the Allies in May 1945.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)

Order of Polonia Restituta

The Order of Polonia Restituta (Order Odrodzenia Polski, Order of Restored Poland) is a Polish state order established 4 February 1921.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Order of Polonia Restituta

Order of the White Eagle (Poland)

The Order of the White Eagle (Order Orła Białego) is the highest order of merit of the Republic of Poland and one of the oldest distinctions in the world still in use.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Order of the White Eagle (Poland)

Poland

Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Poland

Polish government-in-exile

The Polish government-in-exile, officially known as the Government of the Republic of Poland in exile (Rząd Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej na uchodźstwie), was the government in exile of Poland formed in the aftermath of the Invasion of Poland of September 1939, and the subsequent occupation of Poland by Germany, the Soviet Union, and the Slovak Republic, which brought to an end the Second Polish Republic.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Polish government-in-exile

Polish Land Forces

The Land Forces are the land forces of the Polish Armed Forces.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Polish Land Forces

Polish Scientific Publishers PWN

Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN (Polish Scientific Publishers PWN; until 1991 Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe - National Scientific Publishers PWN, PWN) is a Polish book publisher, founded in 1951, when it split from the Wydawnictwa Szkolne i Pedagogiczne.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Polish Scientific Publishers PWN

Polish Scouting and Guiding Association

The Polish Scouting and Guiding Association (Związek Harcerstwa Polskiego, ZHP) is the coeducational Polish Scouting organization recognized by the World Organization of the Scout Movement and the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Polish Scouting and Guiding Association

Pro Memoria Medal

The Pro Memoria Medal is a Polish civil state decoration awarded by the head of the Office for War Veterans and Victims of Oppression.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Pro Memoria Medal

Prussian Partition

The Prussian Partition (Zabór pruski), or Prussian Poland, is the former territories of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth acquired during the Partitions of Poland, in the late 18th century by the Kingdom of Prussia.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Prussian Partition

Przysposobienie Wojskowe Kobiet

Przysposobienie Wojskowe Kobiet (Female Military Training) was a Polish organization for women, which existed in the interbellum period as well as during World War II. Elżbieta Zawacka and Przysposobienie Wojskowe Kobiet are Polish female soldiers, Polish soldiers and Polish women in World War II resistance.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Przysposobienie Wojskowe Kobiet

Pseudonym

A pseudonym or alias is a fictitious name that a person assumes for a particular purpose, which differs from their original or true name (orthonym).

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Pseudonym

Secondary school

A secondary school or high school is an institution that provides secondary education.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Secondary school

Security Service (Poland)

The Security Service (Służba Bezpieczeństwa), in full Security Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and commonly known as SB, was a secret police force established in the Polish People's Republic in 1956 as a successor to the Ministry of Public Security (UB).

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Security Service (Poland)

Silent Unseen

The Silent Unseen (Polish: Cichociemni) were elite special-operations paratroopers of the Polish Army in exile, created in Great Britain during World War II to operate in occupied Poland (Cichociemni Spadochroniarze Armii Krajowej). Elżbieta Zawacka and Silent Unseen are Cichociemni.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Silent Unseen

Solidarity (Polish trade union)

Solidarity („Solidarność”), full name Independent Self-Governing Trade Union "Solidarity" (Niezależny Samorządny Związek Zawodowy „Solidarność”, abbreviated NSZZ „Solidarność”), is a Polish trade union founded in August 1980 at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdańsk, Poland.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Solidarity (Polish trade union)

Special Operations Executive

Special Operations Executive (SOE) was a British organisation formed in 1940 to conduct espionage, sabotage and reconnaissance in German-occupied Europe and to aid local resistance movements during World War II.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Special Operations Executive

Torture

Torture is the deliberate infliction of severe pain or suffering on a person for reasons including punishment, extracting a confession, interrogation for information, intimidating third parties, or entertainment.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Torture

Toruń

Toruń is a city on the Vistula River in north-central Poland and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Toruń

Treason

Treason is the crime of attacking a state authority to which one owes allegiance.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Treason

Union of Armed Struggle

The Union of Armed Struggle (Związek Walki Zbrojnej; ZWZ), also translated as the Union for Armed Struggle, Association of Armed Struggle, and Association for Armed Struggle, was an underground army formed in Poland following its invasion in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union that opened World War II.

See Elżbieta Zawacka and Union of Armed Struggle

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elżbieta_Zawacka

Also known as Elzbieta Zawacka.

, Warsaw, Warsaw Uprising, WIEM Encyklopedia, World War II.

Elżbieta Zawacka, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Academic staff of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń

Cichociemni

Home Army officers

People detained by the Polish Ministry of Public Security

Polish female soldiers

Recipients of the Armia Krajowa Cross

Recipients of the Cross of Merit with Swords (Poland)

References