Election, the Glossary
An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold public office.[1]
Table of Contents
220 relations: Accountability, Age of Enlightenment, Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, Anwar Sadat, Approval voting, Archetype, Aristocracy, Aristotle, Athens, Ba'athist Iraq, Ballot, Ballot access, Bengal, Board of directors, Bourgeoisie, Business, Campaign advertising, Charles D. B. King, China, Chola Empire, Citizens' assemblies of the Roman Republic, Civil rights movement, Cleisthenes, CNN, Coercion, Concession (politics), Condorcet method, Consent of the governed, Corporate law, Corporation, Democracy, Dictator, Dictatorship, Direct democracy, Dissolution of parliament, Election law, Election litter, Elections by country, Elections in Bangladesh, Elections in Egypt, Elections in Germany, Elections in India, Elections in Indonesia, Elections in Iran, Elections in Italy, Elections in Lebanon, Elections in North Korea, Elections in Russia, Elections in the Roman Republic, ... Expand index (170 more) »
Accountability
Accountability, in terms of ethics and governance, is equated with answerability, culpability, liability, and the expectation of account-giving.
See Election and Accountability
Age of Enlightenment
The Age of Enlightenment (also the Age of Reason and the Enlightenment) was the intellectual and philosophical movement that occurred in Europe in the 17th and the 18th centuries.
See Election and Age of Enlightenment
Ancient Greece
Ancient Greece (Hellás) was a northeastern Mediterranean civilization, existing from the Greek Dark Ages of the 12th–9th centuries BC to the end of classical antiquity, that comprised a loose collection of culturally and linguistically related city-states and other territories.
See Election and Ancient Greece
Ancient Rome
In modern historiography, ancient Rome is the Roman civilisation from the founding of the Italian city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD.
Anwar Sadat
Muhammad Anwar es-Sadat (25 December 1918 – 6 October 1981) was an Egyptian politician and military officer who served as the third president of Egypt, from 15 October 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalist army officers on 6 October 1981.
Approval voting
Approval voting is a single-winner electoral system in which voters mark all the candidates they support, instead of just choosing one.
See Election and Approval voting
Archetype
The concept of an archetype appears in areas relating to behavior, historical psychology, and literary analysis.
Aristocracy
Aristocracy is a form of government that places power in the hands of a small, privileged ruling class, the aristocrats.
Aristotle
Aristotle (Ἀριστοτέλης Aristotélēs; 384–322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath.
Athens
Athens is the capital and largest city of Greece.
Ba'athist Iraq
Ba'athist Iraq, officially the Iraqi Republic (1968–1992) and later the Republic of Iraq (1992–2003), was the Iraqi state between 1968 and 2003 under the rule of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party.
See Election and Ba'athist Iraq
Ballot
A ballot is a device used to cast votes in an election and may be found as a piece of paper or a small ball used in voting.
Ballot access
Ballot access are rules and procedures regulating the right to candidacy, the conditions under which a candidate, political party, or ballot measure is entitled to appear on voters' ballots in elections in the United States.
See Election and Ballot access
Bengal
Geographical distribution of the Bengali language Bengal (Bôṅgo) or endonym Bangla (Bāṅlā) is a historical geographical, ethnolinguistic and cultural term referring to a region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal.
Board of directors
A board of directors is an executive committee that supervises the activities of a business, a nonprofit organization, or a government agency.
See Election and Board of directors
Bourgeoisie
The bourgeoisie are a class of business owners and merchants which emerged in the Late Middle Ages, originally as a "middle class" between peasantry and aristocracy.
Business
Business is the practice of making one's living or making money by producing or buying and selling products (such as goods and services).
Campaign advertising
In politics, campaign advertising is propaganda through the media to influence a political debate and, ultimately, voting.
See Election and Campaign advertising
Charles D. B. King
Charles Dunbar Burgess King (12 March 1875 – 4 September 1961) was a Liberian politician who served as the 17th president of Liberia from 1920 to 1930.
See Election and Charles D. B. King
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia.
Chola Empire
The Chola Empire, which is often referred to as the Imperial Cholas, was a medieval Indian, thalassocratic empire that was established by the Chola dynasty that rose to prominence during the middle of the ninth century and united southern India under their rule.
Citizens' assemblies of the Roman Republic
The legislative assemblies of the Roman Republic were political institutions in the ancient Roman Republic.
See Election and Citizens' assemblies of the Roman Republic
Civil rights movement
The civil rights movement was a social movement and campaign from 1954 to 1968 in the United States to abolish legalized racial segregation, discrimination, and disenfranchisement in the country.
See Election and Civil rights movement
Cleisthenes
Cleisthenes (Κλεισθένης), or Clisthenes, was an ancient Athenian lawgiver credited with reforming the constitution of ancient Athens and setting it on a democratic footing in 508 BC.
CNN
Cable News Network (CNN) is a multinational news channel and website operating from Midtown Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. Founded in 1980 by American media proprietor Ted Turner and Reese Schonfeld as a 24-hour cable news channel, and presently owned by the Manhattan-based media conglomerate Warner Bros. Discovery (WBD), CNN was the first television channel to provide 24-hour news coverage and the first all-news television channel in the United States.
See Election and CNN
Coercion
Coercion involves compelling a party to act in an involuntary manner by the use of threats, including threats to use force against that party.
Concession (politics)
In politics, a concession is the act of a losing candidate publicly yielding to a winning candidate after an election after the overall result of the vote has become clear. Election and concession (politics) are elections.
See Election and Concession (politics)
Condorcet method
A Condorcet method is an election method that elects the candidate who wins a majority of the vote in every head-to-head election against each of the other candidates, whenever there is such a candidate.
See Election and Condorcet method
Consent of the governed
In political philosophy, the phrase consent of the governed refers to the idea that a government's legitimacy and moral right to use state power is justified and lawful only when consented to by the people or society over which that political power is exercised.
See Election and Consent of the governed
Corporate law
Corporate law (also known as company law or enterprise law) is the body of law governing the rights, relations, and conduct of persons, companies, organizations and businesses.
See Election and Corporate law
Corporation
A corporation is an organization—usually a group of people or a company—authorized by the state to act as a single entity (a legal entity recognized by private and public law as "born out of statute"; a legal person in a legal context) and recognized as such in law for certain purposes.
Democracy
Democracy (from dēmokratía, dēmos 'people' and kratos 'rule') is a system of government in which state power is vested in the people or the general population of a state. Election and Democracy are elections.
Dictator
A dictator is a political leader who possesses absolute power.
Dictatorship
A dictatorship is an autocratic form of government which is characterized by a leader, or a group of leaders, who hold governmental powers with few to no limitations.
Direct democracy
Direct democracy or pure democracy is a form of democracy in which the electorate decides on policy initiatives without elected representatives as proxies.
See Election and Direct democracy
Dissolution of parliament
The dissolution of a legislative assembly (or parliament) is the simultaneous termination of service of all of its members, in anticipation that a successive legislative assembly will reconvene later with possibly different members.
See Election and Dissolution of parliament
Election law
Election law is a branch of public law that relates to the democratic processes, election of representatives and office holders, and referendums, through the regulation of the electoral system, voting rights, ballot access, election management bodies, election campaign, the division of the territory into electoral zones, the procedures for the registration of voters and candidacies, its financing and propaganda, voting, counting of votes, scrutiny, electoral disputes, electoral observation and all contentious matters derived from them. Election and election law are elections.
Election litter
Election litter is the unlawful erection of political advertising on private residences or property owned by the local government.
See Election and Election litter
Elections by country
For each de jure and de facto sovereign state and dependent territory an article on elections in that entity has been included and information on the way the head of state, head of government, and the legislature is selected.
See Election and Elections by country
Elections in Bangladesh
Bangladesh elects on national level a legislature with one house or chamber.
See Election and Elections in Bangladesh
Elections in Egypt
Elections in Egypt are held for the president and a bicameral legislature.
See Election and Elections in Egypt
Elections in Germany
Elections in Germany include elections to the Bundestag (Germany's federal parliament), the Landtags of the various states, and local elections.
See Election and Elections in Germany
Elections in India
India has a parliamentary system as defined by its constitution, with power distributed between the union government and the states.
See Election and Elections in India
Elections in Indonesia
Elections in Indonesia have taken place since 1955 to elect a legislature.
See Election and Elections in Indonesia
Elections in Iran
Iran elects on a national level a head of government (the president), a legislature (the Majlis), and an "Assembly of Experts" (which elects the Supreme Leader).
See Election and Elections in Iran
Elections in Italy
National-level elections in Italy are called periodically to form a parliament consisting of two houses: the Chamber of Deputies (Camera dei Deputati) with 400 members; and the Senate of the Republic (Senato della Repubblica) with 200 elected members, plus a few appointed senators for life.
See Election and Elections in Italy
Elections in Lebanon
Elections in Lebanon are allotted to occur every four years.
See Election and Elections in Lebanon
Elections in North Korea
Elections in North Korea are held every four-to-five years for the Supreme People's Assembly (SPA), the country's national legislature, and every four years for Local People's Assemblies.
See Election and Elections in North Korea
Elections in Russia
On the federal level, Russia elects a president as head of state and a parliament, one of the two chambers of the Federal Assembly.
See Election and Elections in Russia
Elections in the Roman Republic
Elections in the Roman Republic were an essential part of its governance, with participation only being afforded to Roman citizens.
See Election and Elections in the Roman Republic
Elections in the United Kingdom
There are five types of elections in the United Kingdom: elections to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom (commonly called 'general elections' when all seats are contested), elections to devolved parliaments and assemblies, local elections, mayoral elections, and police and crime commissioner elections.
See Election and Elections in the United Kingdom
Elections in the United States
In the politics of the United States, elections are held for government officials at the federal, state, and local levels.
See Election and Elections in the United States
Elections to the European Parliament
Elections to the European Parliament take place every five years by universal adult suffrage; with more than 400 million people eligible to vote, they are the second largest democratic elections in the world after India's.
See Election and Elections to the European Parliament
Electoral fraud
Electoral fraud, sometimes referred to as election manipulation, voter fraud, or vote rigging, involves illegal interference with the process of an election, either by increasing the vote share of a favored candidate, depressing the vote share of rival candidates, or both.
See Election and Electoral fraud
Electoral integrity
Electoral integrity refers to the fairness of the entire voting process and how well the process protects against election subversion, voter suppression, and other threats to free and fair elections. Election and Electoral integrity are elections.
See Election and Electoral integrity
Electoral reform
Electoral reform is a change in electoral systems which alters how public desires are expressed in election results. Election and electoral reform are elections.
See Election and Electoral reform
Electoral system
An electoral system or voting system is a set of rules that determine how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined. Election and electoral system are comparative politics and elections.
See Election and Electoral system
Electronic voting
Electronic voting is voting that uses electronic means to either aid or take care of casting and counting ballots including voting time. Election and electronic voting are elections.
See Election and Electronic voting
Empire of Japan
The Empire of Japan, also referred to as the Japanese Empire, Imperial Japan, or simply Japan, was the Japanese nation-state that existed from the Meiji Restoration in 1868 until the enactment of the reformed Constitution of Japan in 1947.
See Election and Empire of Japan
Enemy of the people
The terms enemy of the people and enemy of the nation are designations for the political opponents and for the social-class opponents of the power group within a larger social unit, who, thus identified, can be subjected to political repression.
See Election and Enemy of the people
Ephor
The ephors were a board of five magistrates in ancient Sparta.
Estonia
Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe.
Executive (government)
The executive, also referred to as the juditian or executive power, is that part of government which executes the law; in other words, directly makes decisions and holds power.
See Election and Executive (government)
Fenno's paradox
Fenno's paradox is the idea that people generally disapprove of the United States Congress as a whole but often support the congressmen from their own congressional districts.
See Election and Fenno's paradox
First-past-the-post voting
First-preference plurality (FPP)—often shortened simply to plurality—is a single-winner system of positional voting where voters mark one candidate as their favorite, and the candidate with the largest number of points (a '''''plurality''''' of points) is elected.
See Election and First-past-the-post voting
Foreign electoral intervention
Foreign electoral interventions are attempts by governments, covertly or overtly, to influence elections in another country.
See Election and Foreign electoral intervention
Freedom of speech
Freedom of speech is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or a community to articulate their opinions and ideas without fear of retaliation, censorship, or legal sanction.
See Election and Freedom of speech
Freedom of the press
Freedom of the press or freedom of the media is the fundamental principle that communication and expression through various media, including printed and electronic media, especially published materials, should be considered a right to be exercised freely.
See Election and Freedom of the press
Full slate
Any political party or faction that seeks to form a majority in a parliament or on a board of directors or other responsible body typically must run a full slate if only to demonstrate that they have the capacity to attract the talent to fill every position with some person, even if that person is not ideal for the job. Election and full slate are elections.
Gamal Abdel Nasser
Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein (15 January 1918 – 28 September 1970) was an Egyptian military officer and politician who served as the second president of Egypt from 1954 until his death in 1970.
See Election and Gamal Abdel Nasser
Garrat Elections
The Garrat Elections were a carnival of mock elections in Wandsworth, Surrey (now part of London), England in the 18th century.
See Election and Garrat Elections
Gerontocracy
A gerontocracy is a form of rule in which an entity is ruled by leaders who are significantly older than most of the adult population.
Gerrymandering
In representative electoral systems, gerrymandering (originally) is the political manipulation of electoral district boundaries with the intent to create undue advantage for a party, group, or socioeconomic class within the constituency.
See Election and Gerrymandering
Gopala I
Gopala (গোপাল) (ruled –770s CE) was the founder of the Pala dynasty, which was based in the Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent.
Group decision-making
Group decision-making (also known as collaborative decision-making or collective decision-making) is a situation faced when individuals collectively make a choice from the alternatives before them.
See Election and Group decision-making
History of Athens
Athens is one of the oldest named cities in the world, having been continuously inhabited for perhaps 5,000 years.
See Election and History of Athens
Holy Roman Emperor
The Holy Roman Emperor, originally and officially the Emperor of the Romans (Imperator Romanorum, Kaiser der Römer) during the Middle Ages, and also known as the Roman-German Emperor since the early modern period (Imperator Germanorum, Roman-German emperor), was the ruler and head of state of the Holy Roman Empire.
See Election and Holy Roman Emperor
Hosni Mubarak
Muhammad Hosni El Sayed Mubarak (4 May 1928 – 25 February 2020) was an Egyptian politician and military officer who served as the fourth president of Egypt from 1981 to 2011.
See Election and Hosni Mubarak
Imperial election
The election of a Holy Roman Emperor was generally a two-stage process whereby the King of the Romans was elected by a small body of the greatest princes of the realm, the prince-electors.
See Election and Imperial election
Incumbent
The incumbent is the current holder of an office or position.
Instant-runoff voting
Instant-runoff voting (IRV), also known as ranked-choice voting or the alternative vote (AV), combines ranked voting (in which voters rank candidates rather than choosing only a single preferred candidate) together with a system for choosing winners from these rankings by repeatedly eliminating the candidate with the fewest first-place votes and reassigning their votes until only one candidate is left.
See Election and Instant-runoff voting
Institutional Revolutionary Party
The Institutional Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario Institucional,, PRI) is a political party in Mexico that was founded in 1929 and held uninterrupted power in the country for 71 years, from 1929 to 2000, first as the National Revolutionary Party (Partido Nacional Revolucionario, PNR), then as the Party of the Mexican Revolution (Partido de la Revolución Mexicana, PRM) and finally as the PRI beginning in 1946.
See Election and Institutional Revolutionary Party
International Studies Quarterly
International Studies Quarterly is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal of international studies and an official journal of the International Studies Association.
See Election and International Studies Quarterly
Issue voting
The term issue voting describes when voters cast their vote in elections based on political issues. Election and issue voting are elections.
Judiciary
The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law in legal cases.
Kenneth Arrow
Kenneth Joseph Arrow (August 23, 1921 – February 21, 2017) was an American economist, mathematician, writer, and political theorist.
See Election and Kenneth Arrow
Kingdom of Great Britain
The Kingdom of Great Britain was a sovereign state in Western Europe from 1707 to the end of 1800.
See Election and Kingdom of Great Britain
Kingdom of Italy
The Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia) was a state that existed from 17 March 1861, when Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy, until 10 June 1946, when the monarchy was abolished, following civil discontent that led to an institutional referendum on 2 June 1946.
See Election and Kingdom of Italy
Landed gentry
The landed gentry, or the gentry (sometimes collectively known as the squirearchy), is a largely historical British social class of landowners who could live entirely from rental income, or at least had a country estate.
See Election and Landed gentry
Landslide victory
A landslide victory is an election result in which the victorious candidate or party wins by an overwhelming margin. Election and landslide victory are elections.
See Election and Landslide victory
Latvia
Latvia (Latvija), officially the Republic of Latvia, is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe.
Legislature
A legislature is a deliberative assembly with the legal authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country, nation or city.
Legitimacy (political)
In political science, legitimacy is the right and acceptance of an authority, usually a governing law or a regime.
See Election and Legitimacy (political)
Liberal democracy
Liberal democracy, western-style democracy, or substantive democracy is a form of government that combines the organization of a representative democracy with ideas of liberal political philosophy.
See Election and Liberal democracy
Liberia
Liberia, officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country on the West African coast.
Lithuania
Lithuania (Lietuva), officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika), is a country in the Baltic region of Europe.
Local government
Local government is a generic term for the lowest tiers of governance or public administration within a particular sovereign state.
See Election and Local government
Majoritarianism
Majoritarianism is a political philosophy or ideology with an agenda asserting that a majority, whether based on a religion, language, social class, or other category of the population, is entitled to a certain degree of primacy in society, and has the right to make decisions that affect the society.
See Election and Majoritarianism
Mandate (politics)
In representative democracies, a mandate is a perceived legitimacy to rule through popular support. Election and mandate (politics) are elections.
See Election and Mandate (politics)
Meritocracy
Meritocracy (merit, from Latin mereō, and -cracy, from Ancient Greek κράτος 'strength, power') is the notion of a political system in which economic goods or political power are vested in individual people based on ability and talent, rather than wealth, social class, or race.
Mexico
Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America.
Mixed electoral system
A mixed electoral system or mixed-member electoral system combines methods of majoritarian and proportional representation (PR).
See Election and Mixed electoral system
Mixed government
Mixed government (or a mixed constitution) is a form of government that combines elements of democracy, aristocracy and monarchy, ostensibly making impossible their respective degenerations which are conceived in Aristotle's ''Politics'' as anarchy, oligarchy and tyranny.
See Election and Mixed government
Mixed-member proportional representation
Mixed-member proportional representation (MMP or MMPR) is a mixed electoral system which combines local majoritarian elections with a compensatory tier of party list votes, which are used to allocate additional members in a way that aims to produce proportional representation overall.
See Election and Mixed-member proportional representation
Mohamed Morsi
Mohamed Mohamed Morsi Eissa al-AyyatThe spellings of his first and last names vary.
See Election and Mohamed Morsi
Motion of no confidence
A motion or vote of no confidence (or the inverse, a motion of confidence and corresponding vote of confidence) is a motion and corresponding vote thereon in a deliberative assembly (usually a legislative body) as to whether an officer (typically an executive) is deemed fit to continue to occupy their office.
See Election and Motion of no confidence
Multi-party system
In political science, a multi-party system is a political system where more than two meaningfully-distinct political parties regularly run for office and win elections. Election and multi-party system are elections.
See Election and Multi-party system
National League for Democracy
The National League for Democracy (အမျိုးသား ဒီမိုကရေစီ အဖွဲ့ချုပ်,; abbr. NLD; Burmese abbr. ဒီချုပ်) is a deregistered liberal democratic political party in Myanmar (Burma).
See Election and National League for Democracy
National Unity Party (Myanmar)
The National Unity Party (NUP) is a political party in Myanmar (Burma).
See Election and National Unity Party (Myanmar)
New Order (Indonesia)
The New Order (Orde Baru, abbreviated Orba) describes the regime of the second Indonesian President Suharto from his rise to power in 1966 until his resignation in 1998.
See Election and New Order (Indonesia)
Nomination rules
Nomination rules in elections regulate the conditions under which a candidate or political party is entitled to stand for election. Election and Nomination rules are elections.
See Election and Nomination rules
Non-partisan democracy
Nonpartisan democracy (also no-party democracy) is a system of representative government or organization such that universal and periodic elections take place without reference to political parties. Election and non-partisan democracy are elections.
See Election and Non-partisan democracy
Occupation of the Baltic states
The occupation of the Baltic states was a period of annexation of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania begun by the Soviet Union in 1940, continued for three years by Nazi Germany after it invaded the Soviet Union in 1941, and finally resumed by the Soviet Union until its dissolution in 1991.
See Election and Occupation of the Baltic states
Off-year election
An off-year election in the United States typically refers to a general election held in an odd-numbered year when neither a presidential election nor a midterm election takes place.
See Election and Off-year election
Oligarchy
Oligarchy is a conceptual form of power structure in which power rests with a small number of people.
Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.
See Election and Oxford University Press
Pala Empire
The Pāla Empire (r. 750–1161 CE) was an imperial power during the post-classical period in the Indian subcontinent, which originated in the region of Bengal.
Papal conclave
A papal conclave is a gathering of the College of Cardinals convened to elect a bishop of Rome, also known as the pope.
See Election and Papal conclave
Parallel voting
Parallel voting is a type of mixed electoral system in which representatives are voted into a single chamber using two or more different systems, most often first-past-the-post voting (FPTP) with party-list proportional representation (PR).
See Election and Parallel voting
Party system
A party system is a concept in comparative political science concerning the system of government by political parties in a democratic country. Election and party system are comparative politics and elections.
Party-list proportional representation
Party-list proportional representation (list-PR) is a system of proportional representation based on preregistered political parties, with each party being allocated a certain number of seats roughly proportional to their share of the vote.
See Election and Party-list proportional representation
People's Parliament
The People's Parliaments or People's Assemblies (Tautas Saeima; Liaudies Seimas) were puppet legislatures put together after the show elections in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania to legitimize the occupation by the Soviet Union in July 1940.
See Election and People's Parliament
Persecution
Persecution is the systematic mistreatment of an individual or group by another individual or group.
Pluralism (political philosophy)
Pluralism as a political philosophy is the diversity within a political body, which is seen to permit the peaceful coexistence of different interests, convictions, and lifestyles.
See Election and Pluralism (political philosophy)
Plurality voting
Plurality voting refers to electoral systems in which the candidate in an electoral district who poll more than any other (that is, receive a plurality) are elected.
See Election and Plurality voting
Political forecasting
Political forecasting aims at forecasting the outcomes of political events.
See Election and Political forecasting
Political party
A political party is an organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular country's elections. Election and political party are comparative politics and elections.
See Election and Political party
Political polarization
Political polarization (spelled polarisation in British English, African and Caribbean English, and New Zealand English) is the divergence of political attitudes away from the center, towards ideological extremes. Election and political polarization are politics.
See Election and Political polarization
Political repression
Political repression is the act of a state entity controlling a citizenry by force for political reasons, particularly for the purpose of restricting or preventing the citizenry's ability to take part in the political life of a society, thereby reducing their standing among their fellow citizens. Election and political repression are comparative politics.
See Election and Political repression
Political science
Political science is the scientific study of politics. Election and Political science are politics.
See Election and Political science
Polling station
A polling place is where voters cast their ballots in elections. Election and polling station are elections.
See Election and Polling station
Pope
The pope (papa, from lit) is the bishop of Rome and the visible head of the worldwide Catholic Church.
Population
Population is the term typically used to refer to the number of people in a single area.
Preselection
Preselection is the process by which a candidate is selected, usually by a political party, to contest an election for political office.
President of Finland
The president of the Republic of Finland (Suomen tasavallan presidentti; republiken Finlands president) is the head of state of Finland.
See Election and President of Finland
President of France
The president of France, officially the president of the French Republic (Président de la République française), is the executive head of state of France, and the commander-in-chief of the French Armed Forces.
See Election and President of France
President of Ireland
The president of Ireland (Uachtarán na hÉireann) is the head of state of Ireland and the supreme commander of the Irish Defence Forces.
See Election and President of Ireland
President of Russia
The president of the Russian Federation (Prezident Rossiyskoy Federatsii) is the executive head of state of Russia.
See Election and President of Russia
President of the United States
The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America.
See Election and President of the United States
Primary election
Party primaries or primary elections are elections in which a political party selects a candidate for an upcoming general election.
See Election and Primary election
Princeton University Press
Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University.
See Election and Princeton University Press
Propaganda
Propaganda is communication that is primarily used to influence or persuade an audience to further an agenda, which may not be objective and may be selectively presenting facts to encourage a particular synthesis or perception, or using loaded language to produce an emotional rather than a rational response to the information that is being presented.
Proportional representation
Proportional representation (PR) refers to any type of electoral system under which subgroups of an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body.
See Election and Proportional representation
Psephology
Psephology (from Greek label) is the study of elections and voting. Election and Psephology are elections.
Public administration
Public administration, or public policy and administration refers to "the management of public programs", or the "translation of politics into the reality that citizens see every day",Kettl, Donald and James Fessler.
See Election and Public administration
Ranked voting
Ranked voting is any voting system that uses voters' orderings (rankings) of candidates to choose a single winner.
See Election and Ranked voting
Referendum
A referendum (referendums or less commonly referenda) is a direct vote by the electorate on a proposal, law, or political issue. Election and referendum are politics.
Representative democracy
Representative democracy (also called electoral democracy or indirect democracy) is a type of democracy where representatives are elected by the public. Election and representative democracy are elections.
See Election and Representative democracy
Rule of law
The rule of law is a political ideal that all citizens and institutions within a country, state, or community are accountable to the same laws, including lawmakers and leaders.
Ruling class
In sociology, the ruling class of a society is the social class who set and decide the political and economic agenda of society.
Russia
Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia.
Secret ballot
The secret ballot, also known as the Australian ballot, is a voting method in which a voter's identity in an election or a referendum is anonymous. Election and secret ballot are elections.
See Election and Secret ballot
A shareholder (in the United States often referred to as stockholder) of corporate stock refers to an individual or legal entity (such as another corporation, a body politic, a trust or partnership) that is registered by the corporation as the legal owner of shares of the share capital of a public or private corporation.
Sheikh Hasina
Sheikh Hasina Wazed (Śēkha hāsinā ōẏājēda; born 28 September 1947) is a Bangladeshi politician and the tenth prime minister of Bangladesh from June 1996 to July 2001 and again serving since January 2009.
See Election and Sheikh Hasina
Single transferable vote
The single transferable vote (STV), sometimes mistakenly conflated with proportional ranked choice voting (P-RCV), is a multi-winner electoral system in which each voter casts a single vote in the form of a ranked-choice ballot.
See Election and Single transferable vote
Slate (elections)
A slate is a group of candidates that run in multi-seat or multi-position elections on a common platform. Election and slate (elections) are elections.
See Election and Slate (elections)
Solon
Solon (Σόλων; BC) was an archaic Athenian statesman, lawmaker, political philosopher, and poet.
Solonian constitution
The Solonian constitution was created by Solon in the early 6th century BC.
See Election and Solonian constitution
Sortition
In governance, sortition (also known as selection by lottery, selection by lot, allotment, demarchy, stochocracy, aleatoric democracy, democratic lottery, and lottocracy) is the selection of public officials or jurors using a random representative sample. Election and sortition are elections.
Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.
Sparta
Sparta was a prominent city-state in Laconia in ancient Greece.
Spartan Constitution
The Spartan Constitution (or Spartan politeia) are the government and laws of the classical Greek city-state of Sparta.
See Election and Spartan Constitution
Statistics
Statistics (from German: Statistik, "description of a state, a country") is the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data.
Stunning elections
Stunning elections are a process of democratization in authoritarian or hybrid regimes through partially free elections in which the opposition either wins, or forms a majority in parliament and begins to significantly influence the decision-making process.
See Election and Stunning elections
Suffrage
Suffrage, political franchise, or simply franchise is the right to vote in public, political elections and referendums (although the term is sometimes used for any right to vote).
Taiwan
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia.
Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu (TN) is the southernmost state of India.
The Atlantic
The Atlantic is an American magazine and multi-platform publisher.
The Daily Telegraph
The Daily Telegraph, known online and elsewhere as The Telegraph, is a British daily broadsheet newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed in the United Kingdom and internationally.
See Election and The Daily Telegraph
The Independent
The Independent is a British online newspaper.
See Election and The Independent
The New York Times Magazine
The New York Times Magazine is an American Sunday magazine included with the Sunday edition of The New York Times.
See Election and The New York Times Magazine
The Washington Post
The Washington Post, locally known as "the Post" and, informally, WaPo or WP, is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C., the national capital.
See Election and The Washington Post
Time (magazine)
Time (stylized in all caps as TIME) is an American news magazine based in New York City.
See Election and Time (magazine)
Two-party system
A two-party system is a political party system in which two major political parties consistently dominate the political landscape. Election and two-party system are elections.
See Election and Two-party system
Two-round system
The two-round system (TRS or 2RS), also called ballotage, top-two runoff, or two-round plurality (as originally termed in French), is a voting method used to elect a single winner.
See Election and Two-round system
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe.
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of the continental mainland.
See Election and United Kingdom
United States
The United States of America (USA or U.S.A.), commonly known as the United States (US or U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America.
See Election and United States
University of Chicago Press
The University of Chicago Press is the university press of the University of Chicago, a private research university in Chicago, Illinois.
See Election and University of Chicago Press
Uthiramerur
Uthiramerur is a panchayat town in Kancheepuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
Vladimir Putin
Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (born 7 October 1952) is a Russian politician and former intelligence officer who is the president of Russia.
See Election and Vladimir Putin
Voluntary association
A voluntary group or union (also sometimes called a voluntary organization, common-interest association, association, or society) is a group of individuals who enter into an agreement, usually as volunteers, to form a body (or organization) to accomplish a purpose.
See Election and Voluntary association
Vote counting
Vote counting is the process of counting votes in an election. Election and vote counting are elections.
See Election and Vote counting
Voter fatigue
In political science, voter fatigue is a cause of voter abstention which result from the electorates of representative democracies being asked to vote often, on too many issues or without easy access to relevant information. Election and voter fatigue are elections.
See Election and Voter fatigue
Voter suppression
Voter suppression is a strategy used to influence the outcome of an election by discouraging or preventing specific groups of people from voting.
See Election and Voter suppression
Voter turnout
In political science, voter turnout is the participation rate (often defined as those who cast a ballot) of a given election.
See Election and Voter turnout
Western Europe
Western Europe is the western region of Europe.
See Election and Western Europe
William H. Riker
William Harrison Riker (September 22, 1920 – June 26, 1993) was an American political scientist who is prominent for applying game theory and mathematics to political science.
See Election and William H. Riker
Women's suffrage
Women's suffrage is the right of women to vote in elections.
See Election and Women's suffrage
Yale University Press
Yale University Press is the university press of Yale University.
See Election and Yale University Press
1788–89 United States elections
The United States elections of 1788–1789 were the first federal elections in the United States following the ratification of the United States Constitution in 1788.
See Election and 1788–89 United States elections
1927 Liberian general election
General elections were held in Liberia in 1927.
See Election and 1927 Liberian general election
1928 Portuguese presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Portugal on 25 March 1928.
See Election and 1928 Portuguese presidential election
1929 Italian general election
General elections were held in Italy on 24 March 1929 to elect the members of the Chamber of Deputies.
See Election and 1929 Italian general election
1929 Mexican presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Mexico on 17 November 1929.
See Election and 1929 Mexican presidential election
1934 Italian general election
General elections were held in Italy on 26 March 1934.
See Election and 1934 Italian general election
1935 Portuguese presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Portugal on 17 February 1935.
See Election and 1935 Portuguese presidential election
1942 Japanese general election
General elections were held in Japan on 30 April 1942 to elect members of the House of Representatives.
See Election and 1942 Japanese general election
1942 Portuguese presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Portugal on 8 February 1942.
See Election and 1942 Portuguese presidential election
1949 Portuguese presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Portugal on 13 February 1949.
See Election and 1949 Portuguese presidential election
1951 Portuguese presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Portugal on 22 July 1951, five years earlier than scheduled due to the death of President Óscar Carmona on 18 April 1951.
See Election and 1951 Portuguese presidential election
1958 Portuguese presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Portugal on 8 June 1958, during the authoritarian Estado Novo regime led by Prime Minister António de Oliveira Salazar.
See Election and 1958 Portuguese presidential election
1967 Australian referendum (Aboriginals)
The second question of the 1967 Australian referendum of 27 May 1967, called by the Holt government, related to Indigenous Australians.
See Election and 1967 Australian referendum (Aboriginals)
1982 Mexican general election
General elections were held in Mexico on 4 July 1982.
See Election and 1982 Mexican general election
1988 Mexican general election
General elections were held in Mexico on 6 July 1988.
See Election and 1988 Mexican general election
1990 Myanmar general election
General elections were held in Myanmar on 27 May 1990, the first multi-party elections since 1960, after which the country had been ruled by a military dictatorship.
See Election and 1990 Myanmar general election
1991 Kazakh presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Kazakhstan for the first time on 1 December 1991.
See Election and 1991 Kazakh presidential election
1994 Mexican general election
General elections were held in Mexico on 21 August 1994.
See Election and 1994 Mexican general election
1995 Iraqi presidential referendum
A presidential referendum was held in Iraq on October 15, 1995.
See Election and 1995 Iraqi presidential referendum
2000 Mexican general election
General elections were held in Mexico on Sunday, 2 July 2000.
See Election and 2000 Mexican general election
2002 Iraqi presidential referendum
A presidential referendum took place in Iraq on October 16, 2002.
See Election and 2002 Iraqi presidential referendum
2012 United States presidential election
The 2012 United States presidential election was the 57th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 6, 2012.
See Election and 2012 United States presidential election
2014 Crimean status referendum
The Crimean status referendum of 2014 was a disputed referendum on March 16, 2014, concerning the status of Crimea that was conducted in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol (both subdivisions of Ukraine) after Russian forces seized control of Crimea.
See Election and 2014 Crimean status referendum
2014 Donbas status referendums
Referendums on the status of Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts, parts of Ukraine that together make up the Donbas region, were claimed to have taken place on 11 May 2014 in many towns under the control of the Russian-controlled Donetsk and Luhansk People's Republics.
See Election and 2014 Donbas status referendums
2014 Indian general election
General elections were held in India in nine phases from 7 April to 12 May 2014 to elect the members of the 16th Lok Sabha.
See Election and 2014 Indian general election
2018 Venezuelan presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Venezuela on 20 May 2018, with incumbent Nicolás Maduro being declared re-elected for a second six-year term.
See Election and 2018 Venezuelan presidential election
2019 Kazakh presidential election
Snap presidential elections were held in Kazakhstan on 9 June 2019 to elect the President of Kazakhstan following the resignation of long-term President Nursultan Nazarbayev in March 2019.
See Election and 2019 Kazakh presidential election
2022 annexation referendums in Russian-occupied Ukraine
In late September 2022, in the context of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Russian-installed officials in Ukraine staged so-called referendums on the annexation of occupied territories of Ukraine by Russia.
See Election and 2022 annexation referendums in Russian-occupied Ukraine
2024 national electoral calendar
This national electoral calendar for 2024 lists the national/federal elections held, and scheduled to be held, in 2024 in all sovereign states and their dependent territories.
See Election and 2024 national electoral calendar
2024 Venezuelan presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Venezuela on 28 July 2024 to choose a president for a six-year term beginning on 10 January 2025.
See Election and 2024 Venezuelan presidential election
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Election
Also known as Anti-electoralism, Criticisms of electoral politics, Criticisms of electoralism, Democratic election, Democratic elections, Democratically elected, Democratically elected government, Democratically-elected government, Demonstration election, Elect, Elected government, Election results, Elections, Electoral, Electoral process, Elxn, Fair and free election, Federal election, Free and just elections, Free election, Free elections, Non-democratic election, Non-democratic elections, Political elections, Rolling election, Rubber stamp election, Sham election, Show election, Show elections, Show-election, Voting by choice.
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