Endergonic reaction, the Glossary

Table of Contents

1. 33 relations: Action potential, Activation energy, Adenosine diphosphate, Adenosine triphosphate, Anabolism, Bar (unit), Biochemistry, Chemical reaction, Endothermic process, Entropy, Environment (systems), Equilibrium constant, Exergonic process, Exergonic reaction, Exothermic process, Exothermic reaction, Gas constant, Gibbs free energy, Gibbs–Helmholtz equation, Kelvin, Metabolism, Muscle contraction, Physiology, Protein biosynthesis, Second law of thermodynamics, Sodium–potassium pump, Standard state, Thermochemistry, Thermodynamic free energy, Thermodynamic temperature, Transition state, Warm-blooded, Work (thermodynamics).

2. Thermochemistry
3. Thermodynamic processes

Action potential

An action potential occurs when the membrane potential of a specific cell rapidly rises and falls.

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Activation energy

In the Arrhenius model of reaction rates, activation energy is the minimum amount of energy that must be available to reactants for a chemical reaction to occur.

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Adenosine diphosphate

Adenosine diphosphate (ADP), also known as adenosine pyrophosphate (APP), is an important organic compound in metabolism and is essential to the flow of energy in living cells.

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Adenosine triphosphate

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleotide that provides energy to drive and support many processes in living cells, such as muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, and chemical synthesis.

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Anabolism

Anabolism is the set of metabolic pathways that construct macromolecules like DNA or RNA from smaller units.

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Bar (unit)

The bar is a metric unit of pressure defined as 100,000 Pa (100 kPa), though not part of the International System of Units (SI).

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Biochemistry

Biochemistry or biological chemistry is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms.

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Chemical reaction

A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another.

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Endothermic process

An endothermic process is a chemical or physical process that absorbs heat from its surroundings. Endergonic reaction and endothermic process are thermochemistry and thermodynamic processes.

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Entropy

Entropy is a scientific concept that is most commonly associated with a state of disorder, randomness, or uncertainty.

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Environment (systems)

In science and engineering, a system is the part of the universe that is being studied, while the environment is the remainder of the universe that lies outside the boundaries of the system.

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Equilibrium constant

The equilibrium constant of a chemical reaction is the value of its reaction quotient at chemical equilibrium, a state approached by a dynamic chemical system after sufficient time has elapsed at which its composition has no measurable tendency towards further change.

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Exergonic process

An exergonic process is one which there is a positive flow of energy from the system to the surroundings. Endergonic reaction and exergonic process are thermodynamic processes.

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Exergonic reaction

In chemical thermodynamics, an exergonic reaction is a chemical reaction where the change in the free energy is negative (there is a net release of free energy). Endergonic reaction and exergonic reaction are thermochemistry and thermodynamic processes.

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Exothermic process

In thermodynamics, an exothermic process is a thermodynamic process or reaction that releases energy from the system to its surroundings, usually in the form of heat, but also in a form of light (e.g. a spark, flame, or flash), electricity (e.g. a battery), or sound (e.g. explosion heard when burning hydrogen). Endergonic reaction and exothermic process are thermodynamic processes.

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Exothermic reaction

In thermochemistry, an exothermic reaction is a "reaction for which the overall standard enthalpy change ΔH⚬ is negative." Exothermic reactions usually release heat. Endergonic reaction and exothermic reaction are thermochemistry.

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Gas constant

The molar gas constant (also known as the gas constant, universal gas constant, or ideal gas constant) is denoted by the symbol or.

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Gibbs free energy

In thermodynamics, the Gibbs free energy (or Gibbs energy as the recommended name; symbol G) is a thermodynamic potential that can be used to calculate the maximum amount of work, other than pressure-volume work, that may be performed by a thermodynamically closed system at constant temperature and pressure.

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Gibbs–Helmholtz equation

The Gibbs–Helmholtz equation is a thermodynamic equation used to calculate changes in the Gibbs free energy of a system as a function of temperature.

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Kelvin

The kelvin, symbol K, is the base unit of measurement for temperature in the International System of Units (SI).

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Metabolism (from μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms.

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Muscle contraction

Muscle contraction is the activation of tension-generating sites within muscle cells.

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Physiology

Physiology is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system.

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Protein biosynthesis

Protein biosynthesis (or protein synthesis) is a core biological process, occurring inside cells, balancing the loss of cellular proteins (via degradation or export) through the production of new proteins.

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Second law of thermodynamics

The second law of thermodynamics is a physical law based on universal empirical observation concerning heat and energy interconversions.

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Sodium–potassium pump

The sodium–potassium pump (sodium–potassium adenosine triphosphatase, also known as -ATPase, pump, or sodium–potassium ATPase) is an enzyme (an electrogenic transmembrane ATPase) found in the membrane of all animal cells.

See Endergonic reaction and Sodium–potassium pump

Standard state

The standard state of a material (pure substance, mixture or solution) is a reference point used to calculate its properties under different conditions.

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Thermochemistry

Thermochemistry is the study of the heat energy which is associated with chemical reactions and/or phase changes such as melting and boiling.

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Thermodynamic free energy

In thermodynamics, the thermodynamic free energy is one of the state functions of a thermodynamic system (the others being internal energy, enthalpy, entropy, etc.). The change in the free energy is the maximum amount of work that the system can perform in a process at constant temperature, and its sign indicates whether the process is thermodynamically favorable or forbidden.

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Thermodynamic temperature

Thermodynamic temperature is a quantity defined in thermodynamics as distinct from kinetic theory or statistical mechanics.

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Transition state

In chemistry, the transition state of a chemical reaction is a particular configuration along the reaction coordinate.

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Warm-blooded

Warm-blooded is an informal term referring to animal species whose bodies maintain a temperature higher than that of their environment.

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Work (thermodynamics)

Thermodynamic work is one of the principal processes by which a thermodynamic system can interact with its surroundings and exchange energy.

See Endergonic reaction and Work (thermodynamics)

See also

Thermochemistry

• Bell–Evans–Polanyi principle
• Born–Haber cycle
• Calorimeter constant
• Ceiling temperature
• Cryochemistry
• Endergonic reaction
• Endothermic process
• Enthalpy of neutralization
• Exergonic reaction
• Exothermic reaction
• Heat cramps
• Heat of combustion
• Heat of formation group additivity
• Hess's law
• Isodesmic reaction
• Latent heat
• Nernst heat theorem
• Photoelectron photoion coincidence spectroscopy
• Principle of maximum work
• Standard enthalpy of formation
• Standard enthalpy of reaction
• Thermochemical cycle
• Thermochemical equation
• Thermochemistry
• Thomsen–Berthelot principle
• Van 't Hoff equation

Thermodynamic processes

• Adiabatic accessibility
• Adiabatic process
• Air separation
• Cascade refrigeration
• Coil–globule transition
• Dissipation
• Electron bifurcation
• Endergonic reaction
• Endothermic process
• Exergonic process
• Exergonic reaction
• Exothermic process
• Gas slug
• Isenthalpic process
• Isentropic expansion waves
• Isentropic nozzle flow
• Isentropic process
• Isobaric process
• Isochoric process
• Isothermal process
• List of adiabatic concepts
• Mass injection flow
• Nuclear fission
• Nuclear fusion
• Phase transitions
• Polytropic process
• Quasistatic process
• Reversible process (thermodynamics)
• Supercooling
• Superheating
• Thermodynamic cycle
• Thermodynamic cycles
• Thermodynamic efficiency limit
• Thermodynamic equilibrium
• Thermodynamic process
• Thermodynamic system
• Thermogravitational cycle
• Transpiration cooling

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endergonic_reaction

Also known as Endergonic, Non-spontaneous reaction, Nonspontaneous reaction.