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Entacapone, the Glossary

Index Entacapone

Entacapone, sold under the brand name Comtan among others, is a medication commonly used in combination with other medications for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.[1]

Table of Contents

  1. 85 relations: Adjuvant therapy, Adrenaline, Adverse effect, Albumin, Alcoholism, Allergy, Altered state of consciousness, Apomorphine, Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor, Bile duct, Binding selectivity, Bioavailability, Biological half-life, Blood plasma, Blood–brain barrier, Brain, Breast milk, Carbidopa, Carbidopa/levodopa, Carbidopa/levodopa/entacapone, Catechol, Catechol-O-methyltransferase, Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor, Catecholamine, Chelation, Cmax (pharmacology), Confidence interval, CYP2C9, Dehydration, Delirium, Delusion, Diarrhea, Diazepam, Diário Oficial da União, Distribution (pharmacology), Dobutamine, Dopamine, Dyskinesia, E–Z notation, Enzyme, Enzyme inhibitor, European Medicines Agency, Excretion, First pass effect, Glucuronide, Human serum albumin, Hydroxylation, Ibuprofen, Infant, Intravenous therapy, ... Expand index (35 more) »

  2. Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors
  3. Nitrophenol derivatives

Adjuvant therapy

Adjuvant therapy, also known as adjunct therapy, adjuvant care, or augmentation therapy, is a therapy that is given in addition to the primary or initial therapy to maximize its effectiveness.

See Entacapone and Adjuvant therapy

Adrenaline

Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone and medication which is involved in regulating visceral functions (e.g., respiration).

See Entacapone and Adrenaline

Adverse effect

An adverse effect is an undesired harmful effect resulting from a medication or other intervention, such as surgery.

See Entacapone and Adverse effect

Albumin

Albumin is a family of globular proteins, the most common of which are the serum albumins.

See Entacapone and Albumin

Alcoholism

Alcoholism is the continued drinking of alcohol despite it causing problems.

See Entacapone and Alcoholism

Allergy

Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are various conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to typically harmless substances in the environment.

See Entacapone and Allergy

Altered state of consciousness

An altered state of consciousness (ASC), also called an altered state of mind, altered mental status (AMS) or mind alteration, is any condition which is significantly different from a normal waking state.

See Entacapone and Altered state of consciousness

Apomorphine

Apomorphine, sold under the brand name Apokyn among others, is a type of aporphine having activity as a non-selective dopamine agonist which activates both D2-like and, to a much lesser extent, D1-like receptors. Entacapone and Apomorphine are catechols.

See Entacapone and Apomorphine

Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor

An aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor (synonyms: DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor, Extracerebral decarboxylase inhibitor, DDCI and AAADI) is a medication of type enzyme inhibitor which inhibits the synthesis of dopamine by the enzyme aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC, AAAD, or DOPA decarboxylase).

See Entacapone and Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor

Bile duct

A bile duct is any of a number of long tube-like structures that carry bile, and is present in most vertebrates.

See Entacapone and Bile duct

Binding selectivity

In chemistry, binding selectivity is defined with respect to the binding of ligands to a substrate forming a complex.

See Entacapone and Binding selectivity

Bioavailability

In pharmacology, bioavailability is a subcategory of absorption and is the fraction (%) of an administered drug that reaches the systemic circulation.

See Entacapone and Bioavailability

Biological half-life

Biological half-life (elimination half-life, pharmacological half-life) is the time taken for concentration of a biological substance (such as a medication) to decrease from its maximum concentration (Cmax) to half of Cmax in the blood plasma.

See Entacapone and Biological half-life

Blood plasma

Blood plasma is a light amber-colored liquid component of blood in which blood cells are absent, but which contains proteins and other constituents of whole blood in suspension.

See Entacapone and Blood plasma

Blood–brain barrier

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a highly selective semipermeable border of endothelial cells that regulates the transfer of solutes and chemicals between the circulatory system and the central nervous system, thus protecting the brain from harmful or unwanted substances in the blood.

See Entacapone and Blood–brain barrier

Brain

The brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals.

See Entacapone and Brain

Breast milk

Breast milk (sometimes spelled as breastmilk) or mother's milk is milk produced by the mammary glands in the breast of human females.

See Entacapone and Breast milk

Carbidopa

Carbidopa (Lodosyn) is a drug given to people with Parkinson's disease in order to inhibit peripheral metabolism of levodopa. Entacapone and Carbidopa are Peripherally selective drugs.

See Entacapone and Carbidopa

Carbidopa/levodopa

Carbidopa/levodopa, also known as levocarb and co-careldopa, is the combination of the two medications carbidopa and levodopa.

See Entacapone and Carbidopa/levodopa

Carbidopa/levodopa/entacapone

Carbidopa/levodopa/entacapone, sold under the brand name Stalevo among others, is a dopaminergic fixed-dose combination medication that contains carbidopa, levodopa, and entacapone for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

See Entacapone and Carbidopa/levodopa/entacapone

Catechol

Catechol, also known as pyrocatechol or 1,2-dihydroxybenzene, is an organic compound with the molecular formula. Entacapone and Catechol are catechols.

See Entacapone and Catechol

Catechol-O-methyltransferase

Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) is one of several enzymes that degrade catecholamines (neurotransmitters such as dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine), catecholestrogens, and various drugs and substances having a catechol structure.

See Entacapone and Catechol-O-methyltransferase

Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor

A catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor is a drug that inhibits the enzyme catechol-''O''-methyltransferase. Entacapone and catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor are catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors and Peripherally selective drugs.

See Entacapone and Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor

Catecholamine

A catecholamine (abbreviated CA) is a monoamine neurotransmitter, an organic compound that has a catechol (benzene with two hydroxyl side groups next to each other) and a side-chain amine.

See Entacapone and Catecholamine

Chelation

Chelation is a type of bonding of ions and the molecules to metal ions.

See Entacapone and Chelation

Cmax (pharmacology)

Cmax is the maximum (or peak) serum concentration that a drug achieves in a specified compartment or test area of the body after the drug has been administered and before the administration of a second dose.

See Entacapone and Cmax (pharmacology)

Confidence interval

Informally, in frequentist statistics, a confidence interval (CI) is an interval which is expected to typically contain the parameter being estimated.

See Entacapone and Confidence interval

CYP2C9

Cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9 (abbreviated CYP2C9) is an enzyme protein.

See Entacapone and CYP2C9

Dehydration

In physiology, dehydration is a lack of total body water, with an accompanying disruption of metabolic processes.

See Entacapone and Dehydration

Delirium

Delirium (formerly acute confusional state, an ambiguous term which is now discouraged) is a specific state of acute confusion attributable to the direct physiological consequence of a medical condition, effects of a psychoactive substance, or multiple causes, which usually develops over the course of hours to days.

See Entacapone and Delirium

Delusion

A delusion is a false fixed belief that is not amenable to change in light of conflicting evidence.

See Entacapone and Delusion

Diarrhea

Diarrhea (American English), also spelled diarrhoea or diarrhœa (British English), is the condition of having at least three loose, liquid, or watery bowel movements in a day.

See Entacapone and Diarrhea

Diazepam

Diazepam, sold under the brand name Valium among others, is a medicine of the benzodiazepine family that acts as an anxiolytic.

See Entacapone and Diazepam

Diário Oficial da União

The Diário Oficial da União (literally Official Diary of the Union), abbreviated DOU, is the official journal of the federal government of Brazil.

See Entacapone and Diário Oficial da União

Distribution (pharmacology)

Distribution in pharmacology is a branch of pharmacokinetics which describes the reversible transfer of a drug from one location to another within the body.

See Entacapone and Distribution (pharmacology)

Dobutamine

Dobutamine is a medication used in the treatment of cardiogenic shock (as a result of inadequate tissue perfusion) and severe heart failure.

See Entacapone and Dobutamine

Dopamine

Dopamine (DA, a contraction of 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) is a neuromodulatory molecule that plays several important roles in cells. Entacapone and Dopamine are Peripherally selective drugs.

See Entacapone and Dopamine

Dyskinesia

Dyskinesia refers to a category of movement disorders that are characterized by involuntary muscle movements, including movements similar to tics or chorea and diminished voluntary movements.

See Entacapone and Dyskinesia

E–Z notation

E–Z configuration, or the E–Z convention, is the IUPAC preferred method of describing the absolute stereochemistry of double bonds in organic chemistry.

See Entacapone and E–Z notation

Enzyme

Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions.

See Entacapone and Enzyme

Enzyme inhibitor

An enzyme inhibitor is a molecule that binds to an enzyme and blocks its activity.

See Entacapone and Enzyme inhibitor

European Medicines Agency

The European Medicines Agency (EMA) is an agency of the European Union (EU) in charge of the evaluation and supervision of pharmaceutical products.

See Entacapone and European Medicines Agency

Excretion

Excretion is elimination of metabolic waste, which is an essential process in all organisms.

See Entacapone and Excretion

First pass effect

The first pass effect (also known as first-pass metabolism or presystemic metabolism) is a phenomenon of drug metabolism at a specific location in the body which leads to a reduction in the concentration of the active drug before it reaches the site of action or systemic circulation.

See Entacapone and First pass effect

Glucuronide

A glucuronide, also known as glucuronoside, is any substance produced by linking glucuronic acid to another substance via a glycosidic bond.

See Entacapone and Glucuronide

Human serum albumin

Human serum albumin is the serum albumin found in human blood.

See Entacapone and Human serum albumin

Hydroxylation

In chemistry, hydroxylation can refer to.

See Entacapone and Hydroxylation

Ibuprofen

Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is used to relieve pain, fever, and inflammation.

See Entacapone and Ibuprofen

Infant

An infant or baby is the very young offspring of human beings.

See Entacapone and Infant

Intravenous therapy

Intravenous therapy (abbreviated as IV therapy) is a medical technique that administers fluids, medications and nutrients directly into a person's vein.

See Entacapone and Intravenous therapy

Isoprenaline

Isoprenaline, or isoproterenol, is a medication used for the treatment of bradycardia (slow heart rate), heart block, and rarely for asthma. Entacapone and Isoprenaline are Peripherally selective drugs.

See Entacapone and Isoprenaline

L-DOPA

-DOPA, also known as levodopa and -3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, is made and used as part of the normal biology of some plants and animals, including humans.

See Entacapone and L-DOPA

Levodopa-induced dyskinesia

Levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) is a form of dyskinesia associated with levodopa (l-DOPA), used to treat Parkinson's disease.

See Entacapone and Levodopa-induced dyskinesia

Lipophilicity

Lipophilicity (from Greek λίπος "fat" and φίλος "friendly") is the ability of a chemical compound to dissolve in fats, oils, lipids, and non-polar solvents such as hexane or toluene.

See Entacapone and Lipophilicity

Liver

The liver is a major metabolic organ exclusively found in vertebrate animals, which performs many essential biological functions such as detoxification of the organism, and the synthesis of proteins and various other biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth.

See Entacapone and Liver

Liver disease

Liver disease, or hepatic disease, is any of many diseases of the liver.

See Entacapone and Liver disease

Metabolism (from μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms.

See Entacapone and Metabolism

In biochemistry, a metabolite is an intermediate or end product of metabolism.

See Entacapone and Metabolite

Methyldopa

Methyldopa, sold under the brand name Aldomet among others, is a medication used for high blood pressure.

See Entacapone and Methyldopa

Monoamine oxidase inhibitor

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are a class of drugs that inhibit the activity of one or both monoamine oxidase enzymes: monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B).

See Entacapone and Monoamine oxidase inhibitor

Norepinephrine

Norepinephrine (NE), also called noradrenaline (NA) or noradrenalin, is an organic chemical in the catecholamine family that functions in the brain and body as a hormone, neurotransmitter and neuromodulator. Entacapone and Norepinephrine are Peripherally selective drugs.

See Entacapone and Norepinephrine

Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor

A norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI, NERI) or noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor or adrenergic reuptake inhibitor (ARI), is a type of drug that acts as a reuptake inhibitor for the neurotransmitters norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline) by blocking the action of the norepinephrine transporter (NET).

See Entacapone and Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor

Novartis

Novartis AG is a Swiss multinational pharmaceutical corporation based in Basel, Switzerland.

See Entacapone and Novartis

Oral administration

| name.

See Entacapone and Oral administration

Orion Corporation (Finnish company)

Orion Corporation (Orion Oyj), founded in 1917 and headquartered at Espoo, Finland, is a globally operating Finnish company which develops, manufactures and markets human and veterinary pharmaceuticals and active pharmaceutical ingredients for global markets.

See Entacapone and Orion Corporation (Finnish company)

Orthostatic hypotension

Orthostatic hypotension, also known as postural hypotension, is a medical condition wherein a person's blood pressure drops when standing up or sitting down.

See Entacapone and Orthostatic hypotension

Parkinson's disease

Parkinson's disease (PD), or simply Parkinson's, is a long-term neurodegenerative disease of mainly the central nervous system that affects both the motor and non-motor systems of the body.

See Entacapone and Parkinson's disease

Peripheral vascular system

The peripheral vascular system is the part of the circulatory system that consists of the veins and arteries not in the chest or abdomen (i.e. in the arms, hands, legs and feet).

See Entacapone and Peripheral vascular system

Peripherally selective drug

Peripherally selective drugs have their primary mechanism of action outside of the central nervous system (CNS), usually because they are excluded from the CNS by the blood–brain barrier. Entacapone and Peripherally selective drug are Peripherally selective drugs.

See Entacapone and Peripherally selective drug

Placebo

A placebo is a substance or treatment which is designed to have no therapeutic value.

See Entacapone and Placebo

Postmarketing surveillance

Postmarketing surveillance (PMS), also known as post market surveillance, is the practice of monitoring the safety of a pharmaceutical drug or medical device after it has been released on the market and is an important part of the science of pharmacovigilance.

See Entacapone and Postmarketing surveillance

Potassium

Potassium is a chemical element; it has symbol K (from Neo-Latin kalium) and atomic number19.

See Entacapone and Potassium

Pregnancy

Pregnancy is the time during which one or more offspring develops (gestates) inside a woman's uterus (womb).

See Entacapone and Pregnancy

Pregnancy category

The pregnancy category of a medication is an assessment of the risk of fetal injury due to the pharmaceutical, if it is used as directed by the mother during pregnancy.

See Entacapone and Pregnancy category

Prothrombin time

The prothrombin time (PT) – along with its derived measures of prothrombin ratio (PR) and international normalized ratio (INR) – is an assay for evaluating the extrinsic pathway and common pathway of coagulation.

See Entacapone and Prothrombin time

Restless legs syndrome

Restless legs syndrome, also known as restless leg syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis–Ekbom disease (WED), is a neurological disorder, usually chronic, that causes an overwhelming urge to move one's legs.

See Entacapone and Restless legs syndrome

Signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease

Signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease are varied.

See Entacapone and Signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease

Sleep onset

Sleep onset is the transition from wakefulness into sleep.

See Entacapone and Sleep onset

Somnolence

Somnolence (alternatively sleepiness or drowsiness) is a state of strong desire for sleep, or sleeping for unusually long periods (compare hypersomnia).

See Entacapone and Somnolence

Surgery

Surgery is a medical specialty that uses manual and instrumental techniques to diagnose or treat pathological conditions (e.g., trauma, disease, injury, malignancy), to alter bodily functions (i.e., malabsorption created by bariatric surgery such as gastric bypass), to reconstruct or improve aesthetics and appearance (cosmetic surgery), or to remove unwanted tissues (body fat, glands, scars or skin tags) or foreign bodies.

See Entacapone and Surgery

Tissue (biology)

In biology, tissue is an assembly of similar cells and their extracellular matrix from the same embryonic origin that together carry out a specific function.

See Entacapone and Tissue (biology)

Tricyclic antidepressant

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are a class of medications that are used primarily as antidepressants.

See Entacapone and Tricyclic antidepressant

Volume of distribution

In pharmacology, the volume of distribution (VD, also known as apparent volume of distribution, literally, volume of dilution) is the theoretical volume that would be necessary to contain the total amount of an administered drug at the same concentration that it is observed in the blood plasma.

See Entacapone and Volume of distribution

Warfarin

Warfarin is an anticoagulant used as a medication under several brand names including Coumadin.

See Entacapone and Warfarin

3-O-Methyldopa

3-O-Methyldopa (3-OMD) is one of the most important metabolites of L-DOPA, a drug used in the treatment of the Parkinson's disease.

See Entacapone and 3-O-Methyldopa

See also

Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors

Nitrophenol derivatives

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entacapone

Also known as ATC code N04BX02, ATCvet code QN04BX02, C14H15N3O5, COMTan, Comtess.

, Isoprenaline, L-DOPA, Levodopa-induced dyskinesia, Lipophilicity, Liver, Liver disease, Metabolism, Metabolite, Methyldopa, Monoamine oxidase inhibitor, Norepinephrine, Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, Novartis, Oral administration, Orion Corporation (Finnish company), Orthostatic hypotension, Parkinson's disease, Peripheral vascular system, Peripherally selective drug, Placebo, Postmarketing surveillance, Potassium, Pregnancy, Pregnancy category, Prothrombin time, Restless legs syndrome, Signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease, Sleep onset, Somnolence, Surgery, Tissue (biology), Tricyclic antidepressant, Volume of distribution, Warfarin, 3-O-Methyldopa.