Ethnic groups in Afghanistan, the Glossary

Table of Contents

1. 251 relations: Abbas Noyan, ABC-Clio, Abdul Ahad Momand, Abdul Ali Mazari, Abdul Basir Salangi, Abdul Hai Habibi, Abdul Haq Shafaq, Abdul Karim Brahui, Abdul Latif Pedram, Abdul Majid Rouzi, Abdul Malik Pahlawan, Abdul Rahim Wardak, Abdul Rashid Dostum, Abdul Rauf Ibrahimi, Abdul Salam Azimi, Abdul Wahed Sarābi, Abdur Rahman Khan, Achaemenid Empire, Afghan (ethnonym), Afghan Girl, Afghan identity card, Afghan Qizilbash, Afghan Turkestan, Afghan Turkmens, Afghanistan, Afghanistan Analysts Network, Afghans, Afghans in Iran, Afghans in Pakistan, Afsharid dynasty, Ahmad Behzad, Ahmad Shah Massoud, Ahmad Shah Ramazan, Ahmad Zia Massoud, Aimaq dialect, Aimaq people, Alhaj Mutalib Baig, Amrullah Saleh, Anwar ul-Haq Ahady, Arachosia, ARD (broadcaster), Asadullah Khalid, Ashraf Ghani, Atta Muhammad Nur, Azad Beg, Azra Jafari, Badakhshan Province, Badghis Province, Baghlan Province, Balkh Province, ... Expand index (201 more) »

Abbas Noyan

Abbas Noyan (عباس نویان) is an ethnic Hazara politician.

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ABC-Clio

ABC-Clio, LLC (stylized ABC-CLIO) is an American publishing company for academic reference works and periodicals primarily on topics such as history and social sciences for educational and public library settings.

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Abdul Ahad Momand

Abdul Ahad Momand (عبدالاحد مومند; born 1959) is an Afghan-German and former Afghan Air Force aviator who became the first, and currently only, Afghan astronaut to journey to outer space.

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Abdul Ali Mazari

Abdul Ali Mazari (عبدالعلی مزاری; 5 June 194613 March 1995) was a Hazara politician and leader of the Hezbe Wahdat during and following the Soviet–Afghan War, who advocated for a federal system of governance in Afghanistan.

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Abdul Basir Salangi

Abdul Basir Salangi or Abdul Baseer Salangi, born on 8 August 1962 in Parwan, is the ethnic Tajik current Governor of Farah province in Afghanistan, and was a commander in the Afghan Civil War, aligned with Jamiat-e Islami and Ahmad Shah Massoud.

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Abdul Hai Habibi

Abdul-Hai Habibi (عبدالحى حبيبي, Abd 'ul-Ḥay Ḥabībī) (1910 – 9 May 1984) was a prominent Afghan historian for much of his lifetime as well as a member of the National Assembly of Afghanistan (Afghan Parliament) during the reign of King Zahir Shah.

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Abdul Haq Shafaq

Abdul Haq Shafaq (عبدالحق شفق) is an ethnic Hazara politician in Afghanistan.

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Abdul Karim Brahui

Abdul Karim Brahui (born 1955) is a former politician in Afghanistan.

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Abdul Latif Pedram

Abdul Latīf Pedrām (عبداللطيف پدرام; born 29 July 1963) is a politician and a Member of Parliament in Afghanistan.

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Abdul Majid Rouzi

General Abdul Majid Rozi was an Uzbek commander and warlord of Arab descent during the Afghan Civil war.

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Abdul Malik Pahlawan

Abdul Malik Pahlawan is an Afghan Uzbek warlord and politician based in Faryab Province in northern Afghanistan.

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Abdul Rahim Wardak

General Abdul Rahim Wardak (Pashto/عبدالرحیموردک; born 1945) is an Afghan politician and former Defense Minister of Afghanistan.

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Abdul Rashid Dostum

Abdul Rashid Dostum (عبدالرشید دوستم; Uzbek Latin: Abdurrashid Do'stum, Uzbek Cyrillic: Абдуррашид Дўстум,; born 25 March 1954) is an Afghan warlord, exiled politician, former Marshal in the Afghan National Army, founder and leader of the political party Junbish-e Milli.

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Abdul Rauf Ibrahimi

Abdul Rauf Ibrahimi is an Uzbek legislator and politician from Afghanistan.

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Abdul Salam Azimi

Abdul Salam Azimi (born 1936 in Farah Province) is an Afghan former judge who was the Chief Justice of Afghanistan and, as such, the head of the Afghan Supreme Court from August 2006 to October 2014, when he resigned his position.

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Abdul Wahed Sarābi

Abdul Wahed Sarābi (عبدالواحد سرابی), (born 1926) is a former government minister and was one of the vice presidents of Mohammad Najibullah in Afghanistan.

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Abdur Rahman Khan

Abdur Rahman Khan (Pashto/Dari: عبدالرحمن خان.) (between 1840 and 1844 – 1 October 1901) also known by his epithets, The Iron Amir, was Amir of Afghanistan from 1880 to his death in 1901.

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Achaemenid Empire

The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire, also known as the Persian Empire or First Persian Empire (𐎧𐏁𐏂), was an ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC.

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Afghan (ethnonym)

The ethnonym Afghan (Dari Persian/Pashto: افغان) has been used historically to refer to the Pashtuns.

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Afghan Girl

Afghan Girl is a 1984 photographic portrait of Sharbat Gula, an Afghan refugee in Pakistan during the Soviet–Afghan War.

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Afghan identity card

The Afghan Tazkira (تابعیت تذکره; د تابعیت تذکره) is an official national identity document issued to every national and citizen of Afghanistan, including a member of the Afghan diaspora around the world.

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Afghan Qizilbash

Afghan Qizilbash (قزلباش‌های افغان; Əfqanıstan qızılbaşları) are a Turkic ethnic group in Afghanistan.

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Afghan Turkestan

Afghan Turkestan, also known as Southern Turkestan, is a region in northern Afghanistan, on the border with the former Soviet republics of Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan.

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Afghan Turkmens

Afghan Turkmens or Turkmens of Afghanistan (ترکمن‌های افغانستان; اۇوغان تۆرکمنلری Owgan türkmenleri) live in the north-west of Afghanistan along the border with Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan, surrounded by a larger group of Afghan Uzbeks.

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Afghanistan

Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia.

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Afghanistan Analysts Network

The Afghanistan Analysts Network (AAN) is an independent non-profit policy research and analysis organization.

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Afghans

Afghans (افغان‌ها) also Afghanistanis (افغانستانی‌ها), (افغانان) or Afghan people are nationals or citizens of Afghanistan, or people with ancestry from there.

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Afghans in Iran

Afghans in Iran are citizens of Afghanistan who are temporarily residing in Iran as refugees or asylum seekers.

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Afghans in Pakistan

Afghans in Pakistan (افغان مهاجرين) are temporary residents from Afghanistan who are registered in Pakistan as refugees and asylum seekers.

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Afsharid dynasty

The Afsharid dynasty (افشاریان) was an Iranian dynasty founded by Nader Shah of the Qirqlu clan of the Turkoman Afshar tribe, ruling over the Afsharid Empire.

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Ahmad Behzad

Ahmad Behzad (احمد بهزاد) is an ethnic Hazara politician and former representative of the people of Herat province in the fifteenth and sixteenth parliamentary sessions of the Afghanistan Parliament.

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Ahmad Shah Massoud

Ahmad Shah Massoud (Dari:,; September 2, 1953September 9, 2001) was an Afghan military leader and politician.

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Ahmad Shah Ramazan

Ahmad Shah Ramazan (احمدشاه رمضان) is an ethnic Hazara politician from Afghanistan.

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Ahmad Zia Massoud

Ahmad Zia Massoud (احمد ضیاء مسعود, born May 1, 1956) is an Afghan politician who was the vice president of Afghanistan in the first elected administration of President Hamid Karzai, from December 2004 to November 2009.

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Aimaq dialect

Aimaq or Aimaqi (Aimāqi) is the dominant eastern Persian ethnolect spoken by the Aimaq people in central northwest Afghanistan (west of the Hazarajat) and eastern Iran.

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Aimaq people

The Aimaq, Aimaq Persians (Aimāq), or Chahar Aimaq (چهار ایماق), also transliterated as Aymaq, Aimagh, Aimak, and Aymak, are a collection of Sunni and mostly Persian nomadic and semi-nomadic tribes.

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Alhaj Mutalib Baig

Alhaj Mutalib Baig (died 25 December 2011) was an Afghan politician.

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Amrullah Saleh

Amrullah Saleh (Pashto/امرالله صالح,; born 15 October 1972) is an Afghan politician who served as the first vice president of Afghanistan from February 2020 to August 2021, and acting interior minister from 2018 to 2019.

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Anwar ul-Haq Ahady

Anwar ul-Haq Ahady (August 12, 1951) is an Afghan politician and former Minister of Commerce and Industry.

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Arachosia

Arachosia (Greek), or Harauvatis (label), was a satrapy of the Achaemenid Empire.

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ARD (broadcaster)

ARD is a joint organisation of Germany's regional public-service broadcasters.

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Asadullah Khalid

Asadullah Khalid is a politician in Afghanistan.

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Ashraf Ghani

Mohammad Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai (born 19 May 1949) is an Afghan former politician, academic, and economist who served as the president of Afghanistan from September 2014 until August 2021, when his government was overthrown by the Taliban.

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Atta Muhammad Nur

Atta Muhammad Nur (also spelled Ata Mohammed Noor; عطا محمد نور; born 1964) is an Afghan exiled politician and former Mujahid Leader who served as the Governor of Balkh Province in Afghanistan from 2004 to January 25, 2018.

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Azad Beg

Azad Beg (born July 4, 1952) was the founder of the Turkic nationalist Islamic Union of the Northern Provinces movement in Afghanistan during the Soviet-Afghan War.

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Azra Jafari

Azra Jafari (عذرا جعفری) is an Afghan politician and women rights advocate who became the first female mayor in Afghanistan appointed by President Hamid Karzai in December 2008.

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Badakhshan Province

Badakhshan Province (Pashto/Dari: بدخشان) is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the northeastern part of the country.

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Badghis Province

Bādghīs (Dari) is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, located in the northwest of the country, on the border with Turkmenistan.

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Baghlan Province

Baghlan (Baġlān) is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan.

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Balkh Province

Balkh (Pashto: بلخ، Balx) is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the north of the country.

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Baloch people

The Baloch or Baluch (Balòc) are a nomadic, pastoral, ethnic group which speaks the Western Iranic Baloch language and is native to the Balochistan region of South and Western Asia, encompassing the countries of Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan.

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Balochi language

Balochi (rtl, romanized) is a Northwestern Iranian language, spoken primarily in the Balochistan region of Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan.

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Balochistan, Afghanistan

Balochistan (Balochi) or Afghan Baluchistan is an arid, mountainous region that includes part of southern and southwestern Afghanistan.

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Baz Mohammad Ahmadi

Baz Mohammad Ahmadi (Ahmady) is the Deputy Minister of Interior for Counter-Narcotics and the former Governor of Badakhshan, in Afghanistan.

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BBC

The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, England.

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Bismillah Khan Mohammadi

Bismillah Khan Mohammadi (born 1961, in Panjshir Province), or Bismillah Khan, is an Afghan politician who served as the defense minister of Afghanistan from 2012 to 2015 and for two months in 2021.

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Bloomsbury Publishing

Bloomsbury Publishing plc is a British worldwide publishing house of fiction and non-fiction.

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Brahui people

The Brahui (براہوئی), Brahvi, or Brohi are an ethnic group of pastoralists principally found in Pakistan, and to a smaller extent in Afghanistan and Iran.

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British Empire

The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states.

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British Library

The British Library is a research library in London that is the national library of the United Kingdom.

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Burhanuddin Rabbani

Burhānuddīn Rabbānī (برهان‌الدین ربانی; 20 September 1940 – 20 September 2011) was an Afghan politician and teacher who served as president of Afghanistan from 1992 to 1996, and again from November to December 2001 (in exile from 1996 to 2001).

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Chitral

Chitral (ݯھیترار|lit.

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Commander Shafi Hazara

Commander Shafi Hazara (قومندان شفیع هزاره) was an ethnic Hazara military commander in Afghanistan.

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COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic (also known as the coronavirus pandemic), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), began with an outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, in December 2019.

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Culture of Afghanistan

The culture of Afghanistan has persisted for centuries and encompasses the cultural diversity of the nation.

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Dari

Dari (endonym: دری), Dari Persian (فارسی دری,, or), or Eastern Persian is the variety of the Persian language spoken in Afghanistan.

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Daud Shah Saba

Daud Shah Saba (born 1964) is a politician in Afghanistan, who served as Governor of Herat Province from August 2010 to July 2013 when his predecessor Ahmad Yusuf Nuristani had resigned from the post.

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Dawood Sarkhosh

Dawood Sarkhosh (also spelled as Daud Sarkhosh) (Dari-Persian) is an ethnic Hazara singer, musician and poet.

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Dehqan

The dehqân (دهقان) or dehgân (دهگان), were a class of land-owning magnates during the Sasanian and early Islamic period, found throughout Iranian-speaking lands.

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Delbar Nazari

Delbar Nazari (born 1958) is an Afghan politician who was the last Minister for Women's Affairs.

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Democratic Republic of Afghanistan

The Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (DRA), renamed the Republic of Afghanistan in 1987, was the Afghan state during the one-party rule of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) from 1978 to 1992.

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Demographics of Afghanistan

The population of Afghanistan is around 41 million as of 2023.

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Descriptive statistics

A descriptive statistic (in the count noun sense) is a summary statistic that quantitatively describes or summarizes features from a collection of information, while descriptive statistics (in the mass noun sense) is the process of using and analysing those statistics.

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Durand Line

The Durand Line (د ډیورنډ کرښه; ڈیورنڈ لائن; خط دیورند), also known as the Afghanistan–Pakistan border, is a international border between Afghanistan and Pakistan in South Asia.

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Durrani Empire

The Durrani Empire, or the Afghan Empire, also known as the Sadozai Kingdom, was an Afghan empire founded by the Durrani tribe of Pashtuns under Ahmad Shah Durrani in 1747, which spanned parts of Central Asia, the Iranian plateau, and the Indian subcontinent.

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Emir

Emir (أمير, also transliterated as amir, is a word of Arabic origin that can refer to a male monarch, aristocrat, holder of high-ranking military or political office, or other person possessing actual or ceremonial authority. The title has a long history of use in the Arab World, East Africa, West Africa, Central Asia, and the Indian subcontinent.

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Encyclopaedia of Islam

The Encyclopaedia of Islam (EI) is a reference work that facilitates the academic study of Islam.

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Encyclopædia Britannica

The British Encyclopaedia is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.

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Encyclopædia Iranica

Encyclopædia Iranica is a project whose goal is to create a comprehensive and authoritative English-language encyclopedia about the history, culture, and civilization of Iranian peoples from prehistory to modern times.

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Eponym

An eponym is a person, a place, or a thing after whom or for which someone or something is, or is believed to be, named.

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Ethnolinguistic group

An ethnolinguistic group (or ethno-linguistic group) is a group that is unified by both a common ethnicity and language.

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Ethnolinguistics

Ethnolinguistics (sometimes called cultural linguistics) is an area of anthropological linguistics that studies the relationship between a language and the cultural behavior of the people who speak that language.

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Ethnonym

An ethnonym is a name applied to a given ethnic group.

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Fahim Hashimi

Fahim Hashimi (فهیمهاشمی; born 27 September 1980) is an Afghan politician who was the Minister for Telecommunication and Information Technology from 2019 to 2020.

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Farhad Darya

Farhad Darya (Pashto/Dari: فرهاد دریا; born 22 September 1962) is an Afghan singer, composer, music producer, and philanthropist.

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Farkhar District

Farkhar District is a district in Takhar Province of Afghanistan.

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Farsiwan

Fārsīwān (Pashto/فارسیوان or its regional forms: Pārsīwān or Pārsībān,The Encyc. Iranica makes clear in the article on Afghanistan — Ethnography that "The term Farsiwan also has the regional forms Parsiwan and Parsiban. In religion, they are Imami Shia. In literature, they are often mistakenly referred to as Tajik." Online Edition 2006.

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Fauzia Gailani

Fauzia Gailani was elected to represent Herat Province in Afghanistan's Wolesi Jirga, the lower house of its National Legislature, in 2005.

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Fawzia Koofi

Fawzia Koofi (فوزیه کوفی,; born in 1975) is an Afghan-Tajik politician, writer, and women's rights activist.

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Forced displacement

Forced displacement (also forced migration or forced relocation) is an involuntary or coerced movement of a person or people away from their home or home region.

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George Rawlinson

George Rawlinson (23 November 1812 – 6 October 1902) was a British scholar, historian and Christian theologian.

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Ghazni

Ghazni (غزنی, غزني), historically known as Ghaznayn (غزنين) or Ghazna (غزنه), also transliterated as Ghuznee, and anciently known as Alexandria in Opiana (Αλεξάνδρεια Ωπιανή), is a city in southeastern Afghanistan with a population of around 190,000 people.

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Ghazni Province

Ghazni (غزنی; غزني) is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in southeastern Afghanistan.

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Ghor Province

Ghōr, also spelled Ghowr or Ghur (غور), is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan.

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Ghulam Farooq Wardak

Ghulam Farooq Wardak (born 1959) is a politician in Afghanistan, formerly serving as the Minister of Education.

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Government of Afghanistan

The government of Afghanistan, officially called the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, is the central government of Afghanistan, a unitary state.

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Greater Khorasan

Greater KhorāsānDabeersiaghi, Commentary on Safarnâma-e Nâsir Khusraw, 6th Ed.

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Gul Agha Sherzai

Gul Agha Sherzai (born 1954), also known as Mohammad Shafiq, is a politician and former warlord in Afghanistan.

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Gulbuddin Hekmatyar

Gulbuddin Hekmatyar (born 1 August 1949) is an Afghan politician, and former mujahideen leader and drug trafficker.

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Gurjar

The Gurjar (or Gujjar, Gujar, Gurjara) are an Indo-Aryan agricultural ethnic community, residing mainly in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, divided internally into various clan groups.

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Habiba Sarābi

Dr.

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Habibullāh Kalakāni

Habibullah Kalakani (حبیب‌الله کلکانی, 19 January 1891 – 1 November 1929), derided by the Pashtuns as "Bacha-ye Saqao" (also romanized Bachai Sakao; literally son of the water carrier), was the ruler of Afghanistan from 17 January to 13 October 1929, as well as a leader of the Saqqawists.

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Hamid Karzai

Hamid Karzai (Pashto/حامد کرزی,,; born 24 December 1957) is an Afghan politician who served as the fourth president of Afghanistan from July 2002 to September 2014, including as the first elected president of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan from December 2004 to September 2014.

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Hamid Rahimi

Hamid Rahimi (حمید رحیمی) is a boxer from Afghanistan.

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Haneef Atmar

Mohammad Haneef Atmar (Pashto: محمد حنیف اتمر; born 10 September 1968) is an Afghan politician and former KhAD agent.

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Haram

Haram (حَرَام) is an Arabic term meaning 'forbidden'.

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Hazaragi dialect

Hazaragi (هزارگی|həzārəgi; آزرگی|āzərgi) is an eastern dialect and variety of the Persian language that is spoken by the Hazara people.

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Hazarajat

Hazarajat (Hazārajāt), also known as Hazaristan (Hazāristān) is a mostly mountainous region in the central highlands of Afghanistan, among the Kuh-e Baba mountains in the western extremities of the Hindu Kush.

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Hazaras

The Hazaras (Hazāra; Āzrə) are an ethnic group and a principal component of the population of Afghanistan.

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Health facility

A health facility is, in general, any location where healthcare is provided.

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Hedayat Amin Arsala

Hedayat Amin Arsala (هدايت امين ارسلا; born January 12, 1942) is an economist and a prominent politician in Afghanistan.

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Herat

Herāt (Pashto, هرات) is an oasis city and the third-largest city in Afghanistan.

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Herat Province

Herat (هرات) is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, located in the western part of the country.

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Herodotus

Herodotus (Ἡρόδοτος||; BC) was a Greek historian and geographer from the Greek city of Halicarnassus, part of the Persian Empire (now Bodrum, Turkey) and a later citizen of Thurii in modern Calabria, Italy.

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Hindkowans

Hindkowans, also known as the Hindki, is a contemporary designation for speakers of Indo-Aryan languages who live among the neighbouring Pashtuns, particularly the speakers of various Hindko dialects of Western Punjabi (Lahnda).

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Historical Vedic religion

The historical Vedic religion, also known as Vedicism and Vedism, sometimes called "Ancient Hinduism", constituted the religious ideas and practices prevalent amongst the Indo-Aryan peoples of the northwest Indian subcontinent (Punjab and the western Ganges plain) during the Vedic period (1500–500 BCE).

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Hotak dynasty

The Hotak dynasty (د هوتکيانو ټولواکمني امپراتوری هوتکیان) was an Afghan monarchy founded by Ghilji Pashtuns that briefly ruled portions of Iran and Afghanistan during the 1720s.

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Husn Banu Ghazanfar

Husn Banu Ghazanfar (حسن بانو غضنفر), (born February 1, 1957) is a politician in Afghanistan, formerly served as the Minister of Women's Affairs.

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I.B. Tauris

I.B. Tauris is an educational publishing house and imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing.

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Indo-Aryan peoples

Indo-Aryan peoples are a diverse collection of peoples speaking Indo-Aryan languages in the Indian subcontinent.

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Indo-Iranians

The Indo-Iranian peoples, also known as Ā́rya or Aryans from their self-designation, were a group of Indo-European speaking peoples who brought the Indo-Iranian languages to major parts of Eurasia in waves from the first part of the 2nd millennium BC onwards.

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Iranian Kurdistan

Iranian Kurdistan or Eastern Kurdistan (translit) is an unofficial name for the parts of northwestern Iran with either a majority or sizable population of Kurds.

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Iranian peoples

The Iranian peoples or Iranic peoples are a diverse grouping of peoples who are identified by their usage of the Iranian languages (branch of the Indo-European languages) and other cultural similarities.

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Islam

Islam (al-Islām) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder.

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Islamic Republic of Afghanistan

The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan was a presidential republic in Afghanistan from 2004 to 2021.

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Islamic State of Afghanistan

The Islamic State of Afghanistan was established by the Peshawar Accords of 26 April 1992.

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Isma'ilism

Isma'ilism (translit) is a branch or sect of Shia Islam.

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Ismael Balkhi

Sayed Isma'el Balkhi (سید اسماعیل بلخی) (1918 –14 July 1968) was one of the most prominent Hazara reformist leaders in 20th-century Afghanistan.

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Ismail Khan

Mohammad Ismail Khan (Dari/Pashto: محمد اسماعیل خان) (born 1946) is an Afghan former politician who served as Minister of Energy and Water from 2005 to 2013 and before that served as the governor of Herat Province.

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Jowzjan Province

Jowzjan, sometimes spelled Jawzjan or Jozjan (جوزجان) is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, located in the north of the country bordering neighboring Turkmenistan.

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Kabul

Kabul is the capital city of Afghanistan.

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Kabul Province

Kabul (Dari/Pashto), situated in the east of the country, is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan.

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Kapisa Province

Kapisa (Persian language) is the smallest of Afghanistan's thirty-four provinces and is located in the north-east of the country.

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Karim Khalili

Karim Khalili (کریمخلیلی; born 1950) is an Afghan politician serving as leader of the Hezb-e Wahdat Islami Afghanistan party.

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Khost Province

Khost (Pashto/Dari) is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan located in the southeastern part of the country.

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Kingdom of Afghanistan

The Kingdom of Afghanistan (د افغانستان واکمني|Dǝ Afġānistān wākmani; Pādešāhī-ye Afġānistān) was a monarchy in Central Asia that was established in 1926 as a successor state to the Emirate of Afghanistan.

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Kunar Province

Kunar (Pashto:; Dari) is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the northeastern part of the country.

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Kunduz Province

Kunduz (قندوز) is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the northern part of the country next to Tajikistan.

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Kurdish Institute of Paris

The Kurdish Institute of Paris (Institut kurde de Paris), founded in February 1983 by (amongst others) film producer Yılmaz Güney and poet Cigerxwîn, is an organisation focused on the Kurdish language, culture, and history.

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Kurdish language

Kurdish (Kurdî, کوردی) is a Northwestern Iranian language or group of languages spoken by Kurds in the region of Kurdistan, namely in Turkey, northern Iraq, northwest and northeast Iran, and Syria.

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Kurds

Kurds or Kurdish people (rtl, Kurd) are an Iranic ethnic group native to the mountainous region of Kurdistan in Western Asia, which spans southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Iraq, and northern Syria.

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Kyrgyz people

The Kyrgyz people (also spelled Kyrghyz, Kirgiz, and Kirghiz; or) are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia.

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Laghman Province

Laghman (Pashto) is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the eastern part of the country.

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Languages of Afghanistan

Afghanistan is a linguistically diverse nation, with upwards of 40 distinct languages.

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List of governors of Nimruz

This is a list of governors of Nimruz.

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Louis Dupree (professor)

Louis Dupree (August 23, 1925 – March 21, 1989) was an American archaeologist, anthropologist, and scholar of Afghan culture and history.

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Massouda Jalal

Dr.

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Mazar-i-Sharif

Mazar-i-Sharīf (Dari and مزار شریف), also known as Mazar-e Sharīf or simply Mazar, is the fourth-largest city in Afghanistan by population, with an estimated 500,207 residents in 2021.

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Melting pot

A melting pot is a monocultural metaphor for a heterogeneous society becoming more homogeneous, the different elements "melting together" with a common culture; an alternative being a homogeneous society becoming more heterogeneous through the influx of foreign elements with different cultural backgrounds, possessing the potential to create disharmony within the previous culture.

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Militia

A militia is generally an army or some other fighting organization of non-professional or part-time soldiers; citizens of a country, or subjects of a state, who may perform military service during a time of need, as opposed to a professional force of regular, full-time military personnel; or, historically, to members of a warrior-nobility class (e.g.

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Moghol people

The Moghols (also Mogols, Moghuls, Moguls, Monghuls, Monguls) are Mongolic people as descendants of the Mongol Empire's soldiers led by Genghis Khan in Afghanistan.

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Mohammad Ebrahim Khedri

Muhammad Ibrahim Khedri (محمد ابراهیمخدری) known as Pahlawan Ibrahim (پهلوان ابراهیم); (11 April 1938 – 22 May 2022) was an ethnic Hazara wrestler from Afghanistan, who competed at the 1960, 1964, 1968, and 1972 Summer Olympics in the featherweight events.

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Mohammad Fahim

Mohammad Qasim Fahim (محمد فهیم, popularly known as "Marshal Fahim"; 1957 – 9 March 2014) was an Afghan military commander and politician who served as Vice President of Afghanistan from June 2002 until December 2004 and from November 2009 until his death.

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Mohammad Gulab Mangal

Mohammad Gulab Mangal (محمد ګلاب منګل) (born 3/4/1957) is an Afghan politician.

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Mohammad Ishaq Aloko

Mohammad Ishaq Aloko محمد اسحاق الکو; born 1935) is an Afghan writer who served as Attorney General of Afghanistan from August 2008 to October 2014. He was appointed by President Hamid Karzai after Abdul Jabar Sabit was forced to resign from the post. An ethnic Pashtun, he was born in Kandahar, Afghanistan.

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Mohammed Daud Daud

Mohammed Daud Daud (Persian: محمد داود داود) (January 1969 – 28 May 2011), also known as General Daud Daud, an ethnic Tajik, was the police chief in northern Afghanistan and the commander of the 303 Pamir Corps.

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Mongolic languages

The Mongolic languages are a language family spoken by the Mongolic peoples in Eastern Europe, Central Asia, North Asia and East Asia, mostly in Mongolia and surrounding areas and in Kalmykia and Buryatia.

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Muhammad Arif Shah Jahan

Muhammad Arif Shah Jahan (محمدعارف شاه‌جهان) is an ethnic Hazara politician, who was the former governors of Maidan Wardak and Farah provinces in Afghanistan and the former representative of the people of Ghazni province in the Parliament of Afghanistan.

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Muhammad Ibrahim Khan (Hazara leader)

Muhammad Ibrahim Khan (محمد ابراهیمخان) known as Ibrahim Gawsawar (ابراهیمگاوسوار); was the leader of the armed uprising of the Hazara people of Afghanistan in protest against taxes during Zahir Shah's rule.

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Muhammad Mohaqiq

Haji Muhammad Mohaqiq (حاجی محمد محقق; born 26 July 1955 in Balkh) is an Afghan politician who served as a member of the Afghanistan Parliament.

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Muhammad Yunus Nawandish

Muhammad Yunus Nawandish (Uzbek/محمديونس نوانديش.) was the Mayor of Kabul from after his appointment by Afghan President Hamid Karzai in January 2010.

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Mullah Omar

Mullah Muhammad Omar (196023 April 2013) was an Afghan mujahideen commander, revolutionary, and the cleric who founded the Taliban.

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Multinational state

A multinational state or a multinational union is a sovereign entity that comprises two or more nations or states.

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Nader Shah

Nader Shah Afshar (نادر شاه افشار; 6 August 1698 – 20 June 1747) was the founder of the Afsharid dynasty of Iran and one of the most powerful rulers in Iranian history, ruling as shah of Iran (Persia) from 1736 to 1747, when he was assassinated during a rebellion.

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Naghma (singer)

Naghma (نغمه ښاپېرۍ; نغمه ښاپېرۍ, born 1 January 1964) is an Afghan singer who started her career in the early 1980s.

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Nangarhar Province

Nangarhār (Pashto:; Dari), also called Nangrahar or Ningrahar, is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the eastern part of the country and bordering Logar, Kabul, Laghman and Kunar provinces as well as having an international border with Pakistan.

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Nashenas

Dr.

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Nasrullah Sadiqi Zada Nili

Nasrullah Sadiqi Zada Nili (Dari:, known as Sadiqi Zada Nili, Dari) is an ethnic Hazara politician from Afghanistan.

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National anthems of Afghanistan

Afghanistan has had a number of different national anthems throughout its history.

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National Geographic Society

The National Geographic Society (NGS), headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States, is one of the largest nonprofit scientific and educational organizations in the world.

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Nazo Tokhi

Nāzo Tokhī (نازو توخۍ), commonly known as Nāzo Anā (نازو انا, "Nazo the grandmother"), was an Afghan poet and writer in the Pashto language.

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NBC News

NBC News is the news division of the American broadcast television network NBC.

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Nowruz in Afghanistan

Nowruz (نوروز Nawrōz; نوروز Nawrōz, or نوی کال Nəwai Kāl) is the beginning of springtime and a cultural holiday in Afghanistan.

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Nuristan Province

Nuristan, also spelled as Nurestan or Nooristan (Pashto:; Kamkata-vari: Nuriston), is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the eastern part of the country.

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Nuristani languages

The Nuristani languages, also known as Kafiri languages, are one of the three groups within the Indo-Iranian language family, alongside the much larger Indo-Aryan and Iranian groups.

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Nuristanis

The Nuristanis are an ethnic group native to the Nuristan Province of northeastern Afghanistan and Chitral District of northwestern Pakistan.

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Obaidulah Jan Kandahari

Obaidullah Jan Kandaharai (translit), or simply known as Obaidullah Jan, was a singer from Kandahar, Afghanistan.

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Omar Zakhilwal

Dr.

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Opinion poll

An opinion poll, often simply referred to as a survey or a poll (although strictly a poll is an actual election), is a human research survey of public opinion from a particular sample.

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Ormur

The Ormur (اورمړ), also called Burki or Baraki (برکي), are an Eastern Iranic people mainly living in Baraki Barak, in the Logar province of Afghanistan and in Kaniguram, in the South Waziristan district of Pakistan.

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Pajhwok Afghan News

Pajhwok Afghan News (پژواک خبري اژانس) (آژانس خبرى پژواک) is Afghanistan's largest independent news agency with its headquarters in Kabul.

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Pamir languages

The Pamir languages are an areal group of the Eastern Iranian languages, spoken by numerous people in the Pamir Mountains, primarily along the Panj River and its tributaries.

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Pamiris

The Pamiris are an Eastern Iranian ethnic group, native to Central Asia, living primarily in Tajikistan (Gorno-Badakhshan), Afghanistan (Badakhshan), Pakistan (Gilgit-Baltistan) and China (Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County).

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Panjshir Province

Panjshir (Dari:, literally "Five Lions," pronounced /pand͡ʒʃeːɾ/, also spelled as Panjsher) is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, located in the northeastern part of the country containing the Panjshir Valley.

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Parwan Province

Parwan also spelled Parvan (Pashto/Dari: پروان) is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan.

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Pashayi people

Pashayi or Pashai (/pəˈʃaɪ/; Pashayi: پشه‌ای, romanised: Paṣhəy) are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group living primarily in eastern Afghanistan.

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Pashtuns

Pashtuns (translit), also known as Pakhtuns, or Pathans, are a nomadic, pastoral, Eastern Iranic ethnic group primarily residing in northwestern Pakistan and southern and eastern Afghanistan. They historically were also referred to as Afghans until the 1970s after the term's meaning had become a demonym for members of all ethnic groups in Afghanistan.

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Peripatetic groups of Afghanistan

There are several ethnic groups in Afghanistan which traditionally lead a peripatetic life.

See Ethnic groups in Afghanistan and Peripatetic groups of Afghanistan

Persian language

Persian, also known by its endonym Farsi (Fārsī|), is a Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages.

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Political violence in Afghanistan

As a geographically fragmented state, Afghanistan is separated into as many as 14 ethnic groups that have historically faced divisions that devolved into political violence.

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Politics of Afghanistan

The politics of Afghanistan are based on a totalitarian emirate within the Islamic theocracy in which the Taliban Movement holds a monopoly on power.

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President of Afghanistan

The president of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan was constitutionally the head of state and head of government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (2004–2021) and Commander-in-Chief of the Afghan Armed Forces.

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Punjabis in Afghanistan

Punjabis in Afghanistan were residents of Afghanistan who were of Punjabi ancestry.

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Qizilbash

Qizilbash or Kizilbashitalic (Latin script: qızılbaş); قزيل باش; qizilbāš (modern Iranian reading: qezelbāš); lit were a diverse array of mainly Turkoman "The Qizilbash, composed mainly of Turkman tribesmen, were the military force introduced by the conquering Safavis to the Iranian domains in the sixteenth century." Shia militant groups that flourished in Azerbaijan, Anatolia, the Armenian highlands, the Caucasus, and Kurdistan from the late 15th century onwards, and contributed to the foundation of the Safavid and Afsharid empires in early modern Iran.

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Qurban Ali Urozgani

Qurban Ali Urozgani (قربان‌علی اروزگانی) was the previous governor of Daykundi Province of Afghanistan.

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Ramazan Bashardost

Ramazan Bashardost (رمضان بشردوست; born 1961) is an Afghan politician who was the former planning minister in Afghanistan and a current member of the National Assembly of Afghanistan.

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Rasul Pahlawan

General Rasul Pahlawan was an Uzbek military leader in Afghanistan, and the brother of Uzbek leader Abdul Malik Pahlawan.

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Red Army

The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union.

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Richard Foltz

Richard Foltz is a Canadian historian who specializes in the history of Iranian civilization — sometimes referred to as "Greater Iran".

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Rohullah Nikpai

Rohullah Nikpa (روح‌الله نیکپا; born June 15, 1987) is a taekwondo practitioner and two-time Olympic bronze medalist from Afghanistan.

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Russian Empire

The Russian Empire was a vast empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its proclamation in November 1721 until its dissolution in March 1917.

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Sage Publishing

Sage Publishing, formerly SAGE Publications, is an American independent academic publishing company, founded in 1965 in New York City by Sara Miller McCune and now based in the Newbury Park neighborhood of Thousand Oaks, California.

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Sarikoli language

The Sarikoli language (also Sariqoli, Selekur, Sarikul, Sariqul, Sariköli) is a member of the Pamir subgroup of the Southeastern Iranian languages spoken by the Pamiris of Xinjiang, China.

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Sarwar Danish

Muhammad Sarwar Danish (سرور دانش; born 1961) is an Afghan academic and politician in exile who was the second vice president of Afghanistan, from 2014 to 2021.

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Satrap

A satrap was a governor of the provinces of the ancient Median and Persian (Achaemenid) Empires and in several of their successors, such as in the Sasanian Empire and the Hellenistic empires.

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Saul

Saul (שָׁאוּל) was a monarch of ancient Israel and Judah and the first king of the United Monarchy, according to the Hebrew Bible and Old Testament.

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Sayed Anwar Rahmati

Anwar Rahmati (انور رحمتی; born 1959) is a politician in Afghanistan.

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Sayyid

Sayyid (سيد;; meaning 'sir', 'Lord', 'Master'; Arabic plural: سادة; feminine: سيدة) is an honorific title of Hasanids and Husaynids Muslims, recognized as descendants of the Arab companion Ali through his sons, Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali.

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Shahsevan

The Shahsevan (شاهسِوَن; شاهسون) are a number of Azerbaijani-speaking or Shahsevani dialect (sometimes considered to be Its own dialect distinct from others like Azerbaijani) Turkic groups that live in northwestern Iran, mainly inhabiting the districts of Mughan, Ardabil, Kharaqan and Khamsa.

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Sher Mohammad Karimi

General Sher Mohammad Karimi (born November 11, 1945) was the Chief of Army Staff in the Military of Afghanistan.

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Sherkhan Farnood

Sherkhan Farnood (–) was an Afghan banker, Chairman of Kabul Bank until late 2010, which is Afghanistan's largest private financial institution with over 1 million customers.

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Shia Islam

Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam.

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Shukria Barakzai

Shukria Barakzai (شکريه بارکزۍ) is an Afghan politician, journalist and Muslim feminist.

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Sima Samar

Sima Samar (سیما سمر; born 3 February 1957) is a Hazara woman and human rights advocate, activist and medical doctor within national and international forums, who served as Minister of Women's Affairs of Afghanistan from December 2001 to 2003.

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Southern Uzbek language

Southern Uzbek, also known as Afghan Uzbek, is the southern variant of the Uzbek language, spoken chiefly in Afghanistan with up to 4.6 million speakers including first and second language speakers.

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Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.

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Soviet–Afghan War

The Soviet–Afghan War was a protracted armed conflict fought in the Soviet-controlled Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (DRA) from 1979 to 1989. The war was a major conflict of the Cold War as it saw extensive fighting between Soviet Union, the DRA and allied paramilitary groups against the Afghan mujahideen and their allied foreign fighters.

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Stratfor

Strategic Forecasting Inc., commonly known as Stratfor, is an American strategic intelligence publishing company founded in 1996.

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Suhaila Siddiq

Suhaila Siddiq (11 March 1949 – 4 December 2020), often referred to as 'General Suhaila', was an Afghan politician.

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Sultan Ali Keshtmand

Sultan Ali Keshtmand (سلطان‌علی کشتمند; born May 22, 1935, in Kabul), sometimes transliterated Kishtmand, was an Afghan communist politician, belonging to the Parcham faction of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA).

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Sunni Islam

Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims, and simultaneously the largest religious denomination in the world.

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Suraya Dalil

Suraya Dalil (Uzbek/ثریا دلیل), (born 1970) is an Afghan physician and politician who served as Minister of Public Health from 2010 to 2014 and has been the country's Permanent Representative to the United Nations since November 2015.

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Survey methodology

Survey methodology is "the study of survey methods".

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Tajikistan

Tajikistan, officially the Republic of Tajikistan, is a landlocked country in Central Asia.

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Tajiks

Tajiks (Tājīk, Tājek; Tojik) are a Persian-speaking Iranian ethnic group native to Central Asia, living primarily in Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan.

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Takhar Province

Takhar (Persian) is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, located in the northeast of the country next to Tajikistan.

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Tashkurgan Tajik Autonomous County

Tashkurgan Tajik Autonomous County (often shortened to Tashkurgan County and officially spelled Taxkorgan) is an autonomous county of Kashgar Prefecture, in western Xinjiang, China.

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The Asia Foundation

The Asia Foundation (TAF) is a nonprofit, mission-driven international development organization committed to improving lives across Asia.

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The World Factbook

The World Factbook, also known as the CIA World Factbook, is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with almanac-style information about the countries of the world.

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Theories of Pashtun origin

The Pashtun people are classified as an Iranian ethnic group.

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Tribe

The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group.

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Turkic languages

The Turkic languages are a language family of more than 35 documented languages, spoken by the Turkic peoples of Eurasia from Eastern Europe and Southern Europe to Central Asia, East Asia, North Asia (Siberia), and West Asia.

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Turkic peoples

The Turkic peoples are a collection of diverse ethnic groups of West, Central, East, and North Asia as well as parts of Europe, who speak Turkic languages.

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Turkmen language

Turkmen (türkmençe, түркменче, تۆرکمنچه, or türkmen dili, түркмен дили, تۆرکمن ديلی), is a Turkic language of the Oghuz branch spoken by the Turkmens of Central Asia.

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Turkmens

Turkmens (Türkmenler, italic,,; historically "the Turkmen") are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia, living mainly in Turkmenistan, northern and northeastern regions of Iran and north-western Afghanistan.

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University of Missouri

The University of Missouri (Mizzou or MU) is a public land-grant research university in Columbia, Missouri.

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University of Nebraska Omaha

The University of Nebraska at Omaha (UNO) is a public research university in Omaha, Nebraska, United States.

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Uzbeks

The Uzbeks (Oʻzbek, Ўзбек,, Oʻzbeklar, Ўзбеклар) are a Turkic ethnic group native to the wider Central Asian region, being among the largest Turkic ethnic group in the area.

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Wakhan District

Wakhan (واخان) is one of the 28 districts of Badakhshan province in eastern Afghanistan.

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Wakhi language

Wakhi (Wakhi: وخی/В̌aхi, IPA: waχi) is an Indo-European language in the Eastern Iranian branch of the language family spoken today in Wakhan District, Northern Afghanistan, and also in Tajikistan, Northern Pakistan and Western China.

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Wakhi people

The Wakhi people (ښیک مردمِش, Waxiēn, مردمان وخی; Ваханцы), also locally referred to as the Wokhik, are an Iranian ethnic group native to Central and South Asia.

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Wakil Hussain Allahdad

Wakil Hussain Allahdad (وکیل حسین الله‌داد); (1986-2018) was an ethnic Hazara wrestler, community first responder and an entrepreneur from Afghanistan.

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Wasef Bakhtari

Wasef Bakhtari (استاد واصف باختری; 15 March 1943–19 July 2023) was an Afghan poet and literary figure.

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Xinjiang

Xinjiang, officially the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China (PRC), located in the northwest of the country at the crossroads of Central Asia and East Asia.

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Yunus Qanuni

Younus Qanooni (یونس قانونی, born on 10 May 1957 in Panjshir Valley) is an Afghan politician who was Vice President of Afghanistan.

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Zalmai Rassoul

Zalmai Rassoul (زلمی رسول; born 11 May 1943) is an Afghan politician who served as Foreign Minister of Afghanistan from January 2010 to October 2013.

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Zalmay Khalilzad

Zalmay Mamozy Khalilzad (زلمی خلیل زاد, زلمی خلیل‌زاد; born March 22, 1951) is an American diplomat and foreign policy expert.

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Zarzamin

Zarzamin (Russian and Tajik: Зарзамин, formerly: Katagan) is a village and jamoat in north-west Tajikistan.

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1st millennium BC

The 1st millennium BC, also known as the last millennium BC, was the period of time lasting from the years 1000 BC to 1 BC (10th to 1st centuries BC; in astronomy: JD –). It encompasses the Iron Age in the Old World and sees the transition from the Ancient Near East to classical antiquity.

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2004 Constitution of Afghanistan

The 2004 Constitution of Afghanistan was the supreme law of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, which lasted from 2004 to 2021.

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2021 Taliban offensive

The 2021 Taliban offensive was a military offensive by the Taliban insurgent group and allied militants that led to the fall of the Kabul-based Islamic Republic of Afghanistan and the end of the nearly 20-year War in Afghanistan that had begun following the United States invasion of the country.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Afghanistan

Also known as Ethnic group in Afghanistan, Ethnic groups of Afghanistan, Kurds in Afghanistan, Peoples of Afghanistan, Tribe in Afghanistan, Tribes in Afghanistan.

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