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Ferdinand I of Bulgaria, the Glossary

Ferdinand I (Ferdinand Maximilian Karl Leopold Maria; 26 February 1861 – 10 September 1948) was Prince of Bulgaria from 1887 to 1908 and Tsar of Bulgaria from 1908 until his abdication in 1918.^[1]

178 relations: Abdication, Aegean Sea, Alžbeta Brezáková, Alexander of Battenberg, Allied-occupied Germany, Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, Austria-Hungary, Austrian Empire, Čabraď Castle, Balkan League, Bamberg, Boris III of Bulgaria, Bratislava, Brazilian imperial family, Bulgaria, Bulgaria during World War I, Bulgarian Declaration of Independence, Byzantine Empire, Capri, Catholic Church, Catholic Church in Bulgaria, Central Powers, Charlotte of Belgium, Chicago Tribune, Coburg, Coburg (district), Concert of Europe, Constantine II of Bulgaria, Countess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf, Countess Maria Antonia von Waldstein, Czechoslovakia, Eastern Orthodoxy, Eastern Rumelia, Edmund Gosse, Edward VII, Eleonore Reuss of Köstritz, Emperor of Austria, Encyclopædia Britannica, Epicenity, Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Ernestine duchies, Essen, Excommunication in the Catholic Church, Ferdinand I of Romania, Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies, Ferdinand II of Portugal, Ferenc József, Prince Koháry of Csábrág and Szitnya, First Balkan War, Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Franz Joseph I of Austria, ... Expand index (128 more) »
19th-century Bulgarian LGBT people
19th-century monarchs of Bulgaria
20th-century Bulgarian LGBT people
20th-century monarchs of Bulgaria
Annulled Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
Annulled Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order
Bisexual men
Bisexual military personnel
Bulgarian bisexual people
Bulgarian people of World War I
Bulgarian people of the Balkan Wars
Field marshals of Germany
Governors-General of Eastern Rumelia
Grand Master of the Order of Military Merit (Bulgaria)
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Bulgaria)
Princes of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
World War I political leaders

Abdication

Abdication is the act of formally relinquishing monarchical authority.

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Aegean Sea

The Aegean Sea is an elongated embayment of the Mediterranean Sea between Europe and Asia.

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Alžbeta Brezáková

Alžbeta Brezáková (1921 – 24 April 2015) was a Slovak nurse and the third wife of Ferdinand I of Bulgaria. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Alžbeta Brezáková are house of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Bulgaria).

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Alexander Joseph (Александър I Батенберг; 5 April 185717 November 1893), known as Alexander of Battenberg, was the first prince (knyaz) of the autonomous Principality of Bulgaria from 1878 until his abdication in 1886. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Alexander of Battenberg are 19th-century monarchs of Bulgaria, Governors-General of Eastern Rumelia, knights Grand Cross of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus, monarchs who abdicated, People from the Austrian Empire, Recipients of the Order of Bravery and Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Russia).

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Allied-occupied Germany

The entirety of Germany was occupied and administered by the Allies of World War II from the Berlin Declaration on 5 June 1945 to the establishment of West Germany on 23 May 1949.

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Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria

Archduke Franz Ferdinand Carl Ludwig Joseph Maria of Austria (18 December 1863 – 28 June 1914) was the heir presumptive to the throne of Austria-Hungary. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria are Grand Crosses of the Order of Aviz, Grand Crosses of the Order of Christ (Portugal), Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary, knights of the Golden Fleece of Austria and Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Russia).

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Austria-Hungary

Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918.

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Austrian Empire

The Austrian Empire, officially known as the Empire of Austria, was a multinational European great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs.

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Čabraď Castle

Čabraď Castle (Čabradský hrad, Csábrág) is a castle ruin in Slovakia near the village of Čabradský Vrbovok, in the southeast of Krupina.

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Balkan League

The League of the Balkans was a quadruple alliance formed by a series of bilateral treaties concluded in 1912 between the Eastern Orthodox kingdoms of Greece, Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro, and directed against the Ottoman Empire, which at the time still controlled much of Southeastern Europe.

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Bamberg

Bamberg (East Franconian: Bambärch) is a town in Upper Franconia district in Bavaria, Germany, on the river Regnitz close to its confluence with the river Main.

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Boris III of Bulgaria

Boris III (Борѝс III; Boris Treti; 28 August 1943), originally Boris Klemens Robert Maria Pius Ludwig Stanislaus Xaver (Boris Clement Robert Mary Pius Louis Stanislaus Xavier), was the Tsar of the Kingdom of Bulgaria from 1918 until his death in 1943. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Boris III of Bulgaria are 20th-century monarchs of Bulgaria, Grand Master of the Order of Military Merit (Bulgaria) and house of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Bulgaria).

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Bratislava

Bratislava (German: Pressburg or Preßburg,; Hungarian: Pozsony; Slovak: Prešporok), is the capital and largest city of Slovakia and the fourth largest of all cities on Danube river.

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Brazilian imperial family

The Imperial House of Brazil (Brazilian Portuguese: Casa Imperial Brasileira) is a Brazilian dynasty of Portuguese origin that ruled the Brazilian Empire from 1822 to 1889, from the time when the then ''Prince Royal'' Dom Pedro of Braganza (later known as Emperor Pedro I of Brazil) declared Brazil's independence, until Dom Pedro II was deposed during the military coup that led to the Proclamation of the Republic in 1889.

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Bulgaria

Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. Located west of the Black Sea and south of the Danube river, Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey to the south, Serbia and North Macedonia to the west, and Romania to the north. It covers a territory of and is the 16th largest country in Europe.

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Bulgaria during World War I

The Kingdom of Bulgaria participated in World War I on the side of the Central Powers from 14 October 1915, when the country declared war on Serbia, until 30 September 1918, when the Armistice of Salonica came into effect.

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Bulgarian Declaration of Independence

The de jure independence of Bulgaria (Nezavisimost na Bǎlgariya) from the Ottoman Empire was proclaimed on in the old capital of Tarnovo by Prince Ferdinand of Bulgaria, who afterwards took the title "Tsar".

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Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centered in Constantinople during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.

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Capri

Capri (adjective Caprese) is an island located in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the Sorrento Peninsula, on the south side of the Gulf of Naples in the Campania region of Italy.

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Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.

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Catholic Church in Bulgaria

The Catholic Church is the fourth largest religious congregation in Bulgaria, after Eastern Orthodoxy, Islam and Protestantism.

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Central Powers

The Central Powers, also known as the Central Empires,Mittelmächte; Központi hatalmak; İttıfâq Devletleri, Bağlaşma Devletleri; translit were one of the two main coalitions that fought in World War I (1914–1918).

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Charlotte of Belgium

Charlotte of Belgium (French: Marie Charlotte Amélie Augustine Victoire Clémentine Léopoldine; 7 June 1840 – 19 January 1927), known by the Spanish version of her name, Carlota, was by birth a princess of Belgium and member of the House of Wettin in the branch of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (as such she was also styled Princess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Duchess in Saxony).

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Chicago Tribune

The Chicago Tribune is an American daily newspaper based in Chicago, Illinois, owned by Tribune Publishing.

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Coburg

Coburg is a town located on the Itz river in the Upper Franconia region of Bavaria, Germany.

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Coburg (district)

Coburg is a ''Landkreis'' (district) in Bavaria, Germany.

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Concert of Europe

The Concert of Europe was a general agreement among the great powers of 19th-century Europe to maintain the European balance of power, political boundaries, and spheres of influence.

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Constantine II of Bulgaria

Constantine II (Константин, Konstantin) ruled as emperor (tsar) of Bulgaria in Vidin from 1397 to 1422.

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Countess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf

Augusta of Reuss-Ebersdorf (19 January 1757 – 16 November 1831), was by marriage the Duchess of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld.

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Countess Maria Antonia von Waldstein

Countess Maria Antonie Gräfin von Waldstein Herrin zu Wartenberg (4 March 1771, Vienna – 17 January 1854, Vienna) was a Bohemian noblewoman. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Countess Maria Antonia von Waldstein are People from the Austrian Empire.

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Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakia (Czech and Československo, Česko-Slovensko) was a landlocked state in Central Europe, created in 1918, when it declared its independence from Austria-Hungary.

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Eastern Orthodoxy

Eastern Orthodoxy, otherwise known as Eastern Orthodox Christianity or Byzantine Christianity, is one of the three main branches of Chalcedonian Christianity, alongside Catholicism and Protestantism.

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Eastern Rumelia

Eastern Rumelia (Iztochna Rumeliya; رومالی شرقى|Rumeli-i Şarkî; Anatoliki Romylia) was an autonomous province (oblast in Bulgarian, vilayet in Turkish) of the Ottoman Empire with a total area of 32,978 km2, which was created in 1878 by virtue of the Treaty of Berlin and de facto ceased to exist in 1885, when it was united with the Principality of Bulgaria, also under nominal Ottoman suzerainty.

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Edmund Gosse

Sir Edmund William Gosse (21 September 184916 May 1928) was an English poet, author and critic.

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Edward VII

Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Edward VII are Grand Crosses of the Order of Aviz, Grand Crosses of the Order of Christ (Portugal), Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary, Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint-Charles and Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Russia).

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Eleonore Reuss of Köstritz

Princess Eleonore Caroline Gasparine Louise Reuss-Köstritz (Елеонора Българска; 22 August 1860 – 12 September 1917) was Tsaritsa (Queen) of Bulgaria, as the second wife of Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and member of an ancient House of Reuss by birth. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Eleonore Reuss of Köstritz are house of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Bulgaria).

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Emperor of Austria

The emperor of Austria (Österreich) was the ruler of the Austrian Empire and later the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

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Encyclopædia Britannica

The British Encyclopaedia is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.

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Epicenity

Epicenity is the lack of gender distinction, often reducing the emphasis on the masculine to allow the feminine.

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Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Ernest I (Ernst Anton Karl Ludwig; 2 January 178429 January 1844) served as the last sovereign duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (as Ernest III) from 1806 to 1826 and the first sovereign duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha from 1826 to 1844. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha are Grand Crosses of the Order of Christ (Portugal), Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary and princes of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

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Ernestine duchies

The Ernestine duchies, also known as the Saxon duchies (Sächsische Herzogtümer, although the Albertine appanage duchies of Weissenfels, Merseburg and Zeitz were also "Saxon duchies" and adjacent to several Ernestine ones), were a group of small states whose number varied, which were largely located in the present-day German state of Thuringia and governed by dukes of the Ernestine line of the House of Wettin.

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Essen

Essen is the central and, after Dortmund, second-largest city of the Ruhr, the largest urban area in Germany.

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Excommunication in the Catholic Church

In the canon law of the Catholic Church, excommunication (Lat. ex, "out of", and communio or communicatio, "communion"; literally meaning "exclusion from communion") is a form of censure.

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Ferdinand I of Romania

Ferdinand I (Ferdinand Viktor Albert Meinrad; 24 August 1865 – 20 July 1927), nicknamed Întregitorul ("the Unifier"), was King of Romania from 1914 until his death in 1927. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Ferdinand I of Romania are Grand Crosses of the Order of Aviz, Grand Crosses of the Order of Christ (Portugal), Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary, knights Grand Cross of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus and knights of the Golden Fleece of Austria.

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Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies

Ferdinand I (Italian: Ferdinando I; 12 January 1751 – 4 January 1825) was King of the Two Sicilies from 1816 until his death. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies are Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary.

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Ferdinand II of Portugal

Dom Ferdinand II (Portuguese: Fernando II) (29 October 1816 – 15 December 1885) was a German prince of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry, and King of Portugal jure uxoris as the husband of Queen Maria II, from the birth of their first son in 1837 to her death in 1853. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Ferdinand II of Portugal are Grand Crosses of the Order of Aviz, Grand Crosses of the Order of Christ (Portugal), Nobility from Vienna, princes of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Russia).

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Ferenc József, Prince Koháry of Csábrág and Szitnya

Ferenc József, 1st Prince Koháry de Csábrág et Szitnya (4 September 1767, in Vienna – 27 June 1826, in Oroszvár), was a Hungarian magnate and statesman. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Ferenc József, Prince Koháry of Csábrág and Szitnya are knights of the Golden Fleece of Austria and People from the Austrian Empire.

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First Balkan War

The First Balkan War lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and involved actions of the Balkan League (the Kingdoms of Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece and Montenegro) against the Ottoman Empire.

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Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld

Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (in German and fully Franz Friedrich Anton, Herzog von Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld, 15 July 1750 – 9 December 1806), was a reigning Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, one of the ruling Thuringian dukes of the House of Wettin.

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Franz Joseph I of Austria

Franz Joseph I or Francis Joseph I (Franz Joseph Karl; Ferenc József Károly; 18 August 1830 – 21 November 1916) was Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, and the ruler of the other states of the Habsburg monarchy from 2 December 1848 until his death in 1916. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Franz Joseph I of Austria are Grand Crosses of the Military Order of Maria Theresa, Grand Crosses of the Military Order of Max Joseph, Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint-Charles, knights Grand Cross of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus, knights of the Golden Fleece of Austria, Nobility from Vienna, Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Russia), Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (military class) and world War I political leaders.

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Greece

Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe.

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Gregorian calendar

The Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most parts of the world.

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Heir presumptive

An heir presumptive (heiress presumptive) is the person entitled to inherit a throne, peerage, or other hereditary honour, but whose position can be displaced by the birth of a person with a better claim to the position in question.

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Holy Forty Martyrs Church, Veliko Tarnovo

The Holy Forty Martyrs Church (църква "Св., tsarkva "Sv. Chetirideset machenitsi") is a medieval Eastern Orthodox church constructed in 1230 in the town of Veliko Tarnovo in Bulgaria, the former capital of the Second Bulgarian Empire.

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House of Bourbon

The House of Bourbon (also) is a dynasty that originated in the Kingdom of France as a branch of the Capetian dynasty, the royal House of France.

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House of Bourbon-Parma

The House of Bourbon-Parma (Casa di Borbone di Parma) is a cadet branch of the Spanish royal family, whose members once ruled as King of Etruria and as Duke of Parma and Piacenza, Guastalla, and Lucca.

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House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies

The House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies is a cadet branch of the House of Bourbon that ruled Southern Italy and Sicily for more than a century in the 18th and 19th centuries.

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House of Braganza

The Most Serene House of Braganza (Sereníssima Casa de Bragança), also known as the Brigantine dynasty (dinastia Brigantina), is a dynasty of emperors, kings, princes, and dukes of Portuguese origin which reigned in Europe and the Americas.

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House of Habsburg

The House of Habsburg (Haus Habsburg), also known as the House of Austria, was one of the most prominent and important dynasties in European history.

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House of Hesse

The House of Hesse is a European dynasty, directly descended from the House of Brabant.

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House of Hohenzollern

The House of Hohenzollern (Haus Hohenzollern,; Casa de Hohenzollern) is a formerly royal (and from 1871 to 1918, imperial) German dynasty whose members were variously princes, electors, kings and emperors of Hohenzollern, Brandenburg, Prussia, the German Empire, and Romania.

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House of Koháry

The House of Koháry (Koháry-ház) was the name of an ancient and wealthy Hungarian noble family with seats at Csábrág and Szitnya (now Čabraď and Sitno Castle) and the palace of Szentantal (now Svätý Anton, Slovakia). Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and House of Koháry are house of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Bulgaria).

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House of Orléans

The 4th House of Orléans (Maison d'Orléans), sometimes called the House of Bourbon-Orléans (Maison de Bourbon-Orléans) to distinguish it, is the fourth holder of a surname previously used by several branches of the Royal House of France, all descended in the legitimate male line from the dynasty's founder, Hugh Capet.

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House of Romanov

The House of Romanov (also transliterated as Romanoff; Romanovy) was the reigning imperial house of Russia from 1613 to 1917.

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House of Savoy

The House of Savoy (Casa Savoia) is an Italian royal house (formally a dynasty) that was established in 1003 in the historical Savoy region.

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House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

The House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Haus Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha) is a European royal house.

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House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry

The House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry is the Catholic cadet branch of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, founded after the marriage of Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Princess Maria Antonia Koháry de Csábrág.

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House of Württemberg

The House of Württemberg is a German dynasty and former royal family from Württemberg.

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House of Wettin

The House of Wettin was a dynasty of German kings, prince-electors, dukes, and counts that once ruled territories in the present-day German states of Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia.

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House of Wittelsbach

The House of Wittelsbach is a former Bavarian dynasty, with branches that have ruled over territories including the Electorate of Bavaria, the Electoral Palatinate, the Electorate of Cologne, Holland, Zeeland, Sweden (with Swedish-ruled Finland), Denmark, Norway, Hungary, Bohemia, and Greece.

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House of Zogu

The House of Zogu, or Zogolli during Ottoman times and until 1922, is an Albanian dynastic family whose roots date back to the early 20th century.

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Hungary

Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe.

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Independent Albania

Independent Albania (Shqipëria e Pavarur) was a parliamentary state declared in Vlorë (at the time part of Ottoman Empire) on 28 November 1912 during the First Balkan War.

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Iron Cross

The Iron Cross (Eisernes Kreuz,, abbreviated EK) was a military decoration in the Kingdom of Prussia, and later in the German Empire (1871–1918) and Nazi Germany (1933–1945).

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John Murray (oceanographer)

Sir John Murray (3 March 1841 – 16 March 1914) was a pioneering Canadian-born British oceanographer, marine biologist and limnologist.

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King

King is the title given to a male monarch in a variety of contexts.

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Kingdom of Yugoslavia

The Kingdom of Yugoslavia was a country in Southeast and Central Europe that existed from 1918 until 1941.

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Kiril, Prince of Preslav

Prince Kiril of Bulgaria, Prince of Preslav (Кирил, принц Преславски, Kyrill Heinrich Franz Ludwig Anton Karl Philipp Prinz von Bulgarien; 17 November 1895 – 1 February 1945) was the second son of Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and his first wife Marie Louise of Bourbon-Parma. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Kiril, Prince of Preslav are house of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Bulgaria).

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Krupp

Friedrich Krupp AG Hoesch-Krupp (formerly Friedrich Krupp GmbH), trading as Krupp, was the largest company in Europe at the beginning of the 20th century as well as Germany's premier weapons manufacturer during both world wars.

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Lady Helena Gleichen

Lady Helena Emily Gleichen OBE DStJ (1 February 1873 – 28 January 1947) was a British painter of landscapes, flowers, and animals, with a particular passion for horses.

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Legion of Honour

The National Order of the Legion of Honour (Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour (Ordre royal de la Légion d'honneur), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil, and currently comprises five classes.

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Leopold I of Belgium

Leopold I (Léopold; 16 December 1790 – 10 December 1865) was the first King of the Belgians, reigning from 21 July 1831 until his death in 1865. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Leopold I of Belgium are Grand Crosses of the Order of Aviz, Grand Crosses of the Order of Christ (Portugal), Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary and princes of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

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Leopold II of Belgium

Leopold II (Léopold Louis Philippe Marie Victor; Leopold Lodewijk Filips Maria Victor; 9 April 1835 – 17 December 1909) was the second King of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909, and the founder and sole owner of the Congo Free State from 1885 to 1908. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Leopold II of Belgium are Grand Crosses of the Order of Aviz, Grand Crosses of the Order of Christ (Portugal), Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary, Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint-Charles, knights Grand Cross of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus, knights of the Golden Fleece of Austria and Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Russia).

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List of Bulgarian monarchs

The monarchs of Bulgaria ruled Bulgaria during the medieval First (680–1018) and Second (1185–1422) Bulgarian empires, as well as during the modern Principality (1879–1908) and Kingdom (1908–1946) of Bulgaria.

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List of German monarchs

This is a list of monarchs who ruled over East Francia, and the Kingdom of Germany (Regnum Teutonicum), from the division of the Frankish Empire in 843 and the collapse of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806 until the collapse of the German Empire in 1918.

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Louis Philippe I

Louis Philippe I (6 October 1773 – 26 August 1850), nicknamed the Citizen King, was King of the French from 1830 to 1848, and the penultimate monarch of France. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Louis Philippe I are monarchs who abdicated.

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Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans

Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans (Louis Philippe Joseph; 13 April 17476 November 1793), was a French Prince of the Blood who supported the French Revolution.

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Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon, Duchess of Orléans

Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon, Duchess of Orléans (13 March 1753 – 23 June 1821), was the daughter of Louis Jean Marie de Bourbon, Duke of Penthièvre and Princess Maria Teresa d'Este.

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Lucca

Lucca is a city and comune in Tuscany, Central Italy, on the Serchio River, in a fertile plain near the Ligurian Sea.

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Ludwig Order

The Ludwig Order (Großherzoglich Hessischer Ludwigsorden), was an order of the Grand Duchy of Hesse which was awarded to meritorious soldiers and civilians from 1807 to 1918.

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Majesty

Majesty (abbreviated HM for His Majesty or Her Majesty, oral address Your Majesty; from the Latin, meaning) is used as a manner of address by many monarchs, usually kings or queens.

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Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily

Maria Amalia Teresa of Naples and Sicily (26 April 1782 – 24 March 1866) was Queen of the French by marriage to Louis Philippe I, King of the French.

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Maria Carolina of Austria

Maria Carolina of Austria (Maria Carolina Louise Josepha Johanna Antonia; 13 August 1752 – 8 September 1814) was Queen of Naples and Sicily as the wife of King Ferdinand IV and III, who later became King of the Two Sicilies. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Maria Carolina of Austria are Nobility from Vienna.

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Maximilian I of Mexico

Maximilian I (Fernando Maximiliano José María de Habsburgo-Lorena; Ferdinand Maximilian Josef Maria von Österreich; 6 July 1832 – 19 June 1867) was an Austrian archduke who became emperor of the Second Mexican Empire from 10 April 1864 until his execution by the Mexican Republic on 19 June 1867. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Maximilian I of Mexico are Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary, knights of the Golden Fleece of Austria and Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Russia).

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Military Merit Cross (Austria-Hungary)

The Military Merit Cross (Militärverdienstkreuz, Katonai Érdemkereszt, Vojni križ za zasluge) was a decoration of the Empire of Austria and, after the establishment of the Dual Monarchy in 1867, the Empire of Austria-Hungary.

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Military Merit Order (Württemberg)

The Military Merit Order (Militärverdienstorden) was a military order of the Kingdom of Württemberg, which joined the German Empire in 1871.

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Military Order of Maria Theresa

The Military Order of Maria Theresa (Militär-Maria-Theresien-Orden; Katonai Mária Terézia-rend; Vojenský řád Marie Terezie; Wojskowy Order Marii Teresy; Vojaški red Marije Terezije; Vojni Red Marije Terezije) was the highest military honour of the Habsburg monarchy, Austrian Empire and Austro-Hungarian Empire.

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Military Order of Max Joseph

The Military Order of Max Joseph (Militär-Max-Joseph-Orden) was the highest military order of the Kingdom of Bavaria.

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Military Order of the Tower and Sword

The Ancient and Most Noble Military Order of the Tower and of the Sword, of the Valour, Loyalty and Merit (Antiga e Muito Nobre Ordem Militar da Torre e Espada, do Valor, Lealdade e Mérito), before 1910 Royal Military Order of the Tower and Sword (Real Ordem Militar da Torre e Espada), is a Portuguese order of knighthood and the pinnacle of the Portuguese honours system.

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New Palace, Potsdam

The New Palace (Neues Palais) is a palace situated on the western side of the Sanssouci park in Potsdam, Germany.

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Niko I Dadiani

Nikoloz "Niko" Dadiani (ნიკოლოზ "ნიკო" დადიანი), or Nikolay Davidovich Dadian-Mingrelsky (Николай Давидович Дадиан-Мингрельский; 4 January 1847 – 23 January 1903), was the last Prince of Mingrelia from 1853 to 1867.

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Order of Besa

The Order of Besa (Urdhëri i Besës), also known as the Order of Fidelity, was established by Ahmet Zogu (later King Zog I) when he was President of Albania.

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Order of Calatrava

The Order of Calatrava (Orden de Calatrava, Ordem de Calatrava) was one of the four Spanish military orders and the first military order founded in Castile, but the second to receive papal approval.

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Order of Carol I

The Order of Carol I (Ordinul Carol I) was the highest ranking of the Romanian honours of the Kingdom of Romania until the founding of the Order of Michael the Brave in 1916 by King Ferdinand I of Romania.

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Order of Civil Merit (Bulgaria)

The Order of Civil Merit was an Order of Merit of the Kingdom of Bulgaria.

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Order of Distinction (Ottoman Empire)

The Nishan-e-Imtiaz or Order of Honour (نشانِ امتیاز) was an order of the Ottoman Empire founded by Sultan Abdulmejid I. It was a higher honor than the Order of Glory and given to reward merit and outstanding services.

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Order of Leopold (Belgium)

The Order of Leopold (Leopoldsorde, Ordre de Léopold) is one of the three current Belgian national honorary orders of knighthood.

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Order of Military Merit (Bulgaria)

The Order of Military Merit (Орден за Военна Заслуга) is a Bulgarian order during the Kingdom of Bulgaria and the Republic of Bulgaria.

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Order of Saint Alexander

The Order of St Alexander (Орден "Свети Александър") was the second highest Bulgarian order during the Kingdom of Bulgaria.

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Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky

The Imperial Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky was an order of chivalry of the Russian Empire first awarded on by Empress Catherine I of Russia.

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Order of Saint Anna

The Imperial Order of Saint Anna (Орден Святой Анны; also "Order of Saint Anne" or "Order of Saint Ann") was a Holstein ducal and then Russian imperial order of chivalry.

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Order of Saint Charles

The Order of Saint Charles (Ordre de Saint Charles; Monégasque: U̍rdine de San Carlu) is a dynastic order of knighthood established in Monaco on 15 March 1858.

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Order of Saint Hubert

The Royal Order of Saint Hubert (Sankt Hubertus Königlicher Orden), or sometimes (Königlicher Orden des Heiligen Hubertus) is a Roman Catholic dynastic order of knighthood founded in 1444 or 1445 by Gerhard VII, Duke of Jülich-Berg.

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Order of Saint Januarius

The Illustrious Royal Order of Saint Januarius (Italian: Insigne Reale Ordine di San Gennaro) is a Roman Catholic order of knighthood founded by Charles VII of Naples in 1738.

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Order of Saint Joachim

The Order of Saint Joachim (The Equestrian, Secular and Chapterial Order of Saint Joachim) is an order of chivalry founded in 1755 to promote religious tolerance in Europe, and continues to exist today.

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Order of Saint Lazarus (statuted 1910)

The Military and Hospitaller Order of Saint Lazarus of Jerusalem (Latin: Ordo Militaris et Hospitalis Sancti Lazari Hierosolymitani) is a Christian order that was statuted in 1910 by a council of Catholics in Paris, France, initially under the protection of Patriarch Cyril VIII Geha of the Melkite Greek Catholic Church.

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Order of Saint Michael

The Order of Saint Michael (Ordre de Saint-Michel) is a French dynastic order of chivalry, founded by King Louis XI of France on 1 August 1469, in response to the Order of the Golden Fleece founded by Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, Louis' chief competitor for the allegiance of the great houses of France, the dukes of Orléans, Berry, and Brittany.

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Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary

The Order of Saint Stephen (Szent István rend) is an order of chivalry founded in 1764 by Maria Theresa.

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Order of Saint Vladimir

The Imperial Order of Saint Prince Vladimir (орден Святого Владимира) was an Imperial Russian order established on by Empress Catherine II in memory of the deeds of Saint Vladimir, the Grand Prince and the Baptizer of the Kievan Rus'.

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Order of Saints Cyril and Methodius

The Order of Saints Cyril and Methodius is an award conferred by the Republic of Bulgaria.

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Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus

The Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (Ordine dei Santi Maurizio e Lazzaro) (abbreviated OSSML) is a Roman Catholic dynastic order of knighthood bestowed by the royal House of Savoy.

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Order of St. Andrew

The Order of Saint Andrew the Apostle the First-Called (translit) is the highest order conferred by both the Russian Imperial Family (as an Order of Knighthood) and by the Russian Federation (as a state order).

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Order of the Bath

The Most Honourable Order of the Bath is a British order of chivalry founded by King George I on 18 May 1725.

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Order of the Black Eagle

The Order of the Black Eagle (Hoher Orden vom Schwarzen Adler) was the highest order of chivalry in the Kingdom of Prussia.

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Order of the Crown of Italy

The Order of the Crown of Italy (italic or OCI) was founded as a national order in 1868 by King Vittorio Emanuele II, to commemorate the unification of Italy in 1861.

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Order of the Elephant

The Order of the Elephant (Elefantordenen) is a Danish order of chivalry and is Denmark's highest-ranked honour.

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Order of the Golden Fleece

The Distinguished Order of the Golden Fleece (Insigne Orden del Toisón de Oro, Orden vom Goldenen Vlies) is a Catholic order of chivalry founded in Bruges by Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, in 1430, to celebrate his marriage to Isabella of Portugal.

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Order of the Red Eagle

The Order of the Red Eagle (Roter Adlerorden) was an order of chivalry of the Kingdom of Prussia.

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Order of the Rose

The Imperial Order of the Rose (Imperial Ordem da Rosa) was a Brazilian order of chivalry, instituted by Emperor Pedro I of Brazil on 17 October 1829 to commemorate his marriage to Amélie of Leuchtenberg.

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Order of the Seraphim

The Royal Order of the Seraphim (Kungliga Serafimerorden; Seraphim being a category of angels) is a Swedish order of chivalry created by King Frederick I on 23 February 1748, together with the Order of the Sword and the Order of the Polar Star.

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Order of the White Eagle (Russian Empire)

The Imperial Order of the White Eagle (О́рден Бе́лого Орла́) was an Imperial Russian Order based on the Polish honor.

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Orders, decorations, and medals of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

The following is a comprehensive list of orders, decorations, and medals bestowed by the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, both in the present-day and historically.

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Ottoman dynasty

The Ottoman dynasty (Osmanlı Hanedanı) consisted of the members of the imperial House of Osman (Ḫānedān-ı Āl-i ʿOsmān), also known as the Ottomans (Osmanlılar).

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Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.

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People's Republic of Bulgaria

The People's Republic of Bulgaria (PRB; Народна република България (НРБ), Narodna republika Bŭlgariya, NRB) was the official name of Bulgaria when it was a socialist republic from 1946 to 1990, ruled by the Bulgarian Communist Party (BCP) together with its coalition partner, the Bulgarian Agrarian People's Union.

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Pope Leo XIII

Pope Leo XIII (Leone XIII; born Gioacchino Vincenzo Raffaele Luigi Pecci; 2 March 1810 – 20 July 1903) was head of the Catholic Church from 20 February 1878 until his death in July 1903.

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Pour le Mérite

The Pour le Mérite, also informally known as the "Blue Max", is an order of merit (Verdienstorden) established in 1740 by King Frederick II of Prussia. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Pour le Mérite are Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (military class).

See Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Pour le Mérite

Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Franz August Karl Albert Emanuel; 26 August 1819 – 14 December 1861) was the husband of Queen Victoria. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha are Grand Crosses of the Order of Aviz, Grand Crosses of the Order of Christ (Portugal), Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary, princes of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Russia).

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Prince August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

August Victor Louis of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (August Viktor Ludwig; 13 June 1818 – 26 July 1881), was a German prince of the Catholic House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and prince August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha are knights of the Golden Fleece of Austria, Nobility from Vienna and princes of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

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Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Prince Ferdinand Georg August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (28 March 1785 – 27 August 1851) was a German prince of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and a general of cavalry in the Austrian Imperial and Royal Army during the Napoleonic Wars. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha are Grand Crosses of the Order of Christ (Portugal) and princes of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

See Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Prince Victor of Hohenlohe-Langenburg

Admiral Prince Victor Ferdinand Franz Eugen Gustaf Adolf Constantin Friedrich of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, (11 December 1833 – 31 December 1891), also known as Count von Gleichen, was an officer in the Royal Navy, and a sculptor.

See Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Prince Victor of Hohenlohe-Langenburg

Princess Clémentine of Orléans

Princess Clémentine of Orléans (Marie Clémentine Léopoldine Caroline Clotilde d'Orléans) (3 June 1817 – 16 February 1907), princess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and duchess in Saxony, was the sixth child and youngest daughter of Louis-Philippe I, King of the French, and his wife Maria Amalia of the Two Sicilies. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and princess Clémentine of Orléans are house of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Bulgaria).

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Princess Eudoxia of Bulgaria

Princess Eudoxia of Bulgaria (Княгиня Евдокия; 5 January 1898 – 4 October 1985) was the eldest daughter and third child of King Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and his first wife, Princess Marie Louise of Bourbon-Parma. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Princess Eudoxia of Bulgaria are house of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Bulgaria).

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Princess Maria Antonia Koháry of Csábrág and Szitnya

Princess Mária Antónia Gabriella Koháry de Csábrág et Szitnya (csábrági és szitnyai herceg Koháry Mária Antónia Gabriella; 2 July 1797 – 25 September 1862) was a Hungarian noblewoman and the ancestor of several European monarchs. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Princess Maria Antonia Koháry of Csábrág and Szitnya are People from the Austrian Empire.

See Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Princess Maria Antonia Koháry of Csábrág and Szitnya

Princess Maria Pia of Bourbon-Two Sicilies

Maria Pia of the Two Sicilies (2 August 1849 – 29 September 1882) was a Princess of the Two Sicilies and titular Duchess consort of Parma as the wife of Robert I, Duke of Parma.

See Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Princess Maria Pia of Bourbon-Two Sicilies

Princess Marie Louise of Bourbon-Parma

Princess Maria Luisa of Bourbon-Parma (Marie Louise Pia Theresa Anna Ferdinanda Francisca Antoinette Margaret Josepha Carolina Blanche Lucia Apollonia; 17 January 1870 – 31 January 1899) was the eldest daughter of Robert I, the last reigning Duke of Parma. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Princess Marie Louise of Bourbon-Parma are house of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Bulgaria).

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Princess Nadezhda of Bulgaria

Princess Nadezhda of Bulgaria (Княгиня Надежда; born Nadezhda Klementine Maria Pia Majella (Надежда Клементина Мария Пия Мажелла)); Prinzessin Nadeschda von Bulgarien; 30 January 1899 – 15 February 1958) was a member of the Bulgarian royal family. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Princess Nadezhda of Bulgaria are house of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Bulgaria).

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Queen Victoria

Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death in 1901.

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Queen Victoria Diamond Jubilee Medal

The Diamond Jubilee Medal was instituted in 1897 by Royal Warrant as a British decoration.

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Robert I, Duke of Parma

Robert I (Italian: Roberto Carlo Luigi Maria) (French: Robert Charles Louis Marie); 9 July 1848 – 16 November 1907) was the last sovereign Duke of Parma and Piacenza from 1854 until 1859, when the duchy was annexed to Sardinia-Piedmont during the Risorgimento. He was a member of the House of Bourbon-Parma and descended from Philip, Duke of Parma, the third son of King Philip V of Spain and Queen Elisabeth Farnese.

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Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.

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Romanian royal family

The Romanian royal family (Familia regală a României) constitutes the Romanian subbranch of the Swabian branch of the House of Hohenzollern (also known as the House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen), and was the ruling dynasty of the Kingdom of Romania, a constitutional monarchy in Central-Eastern Europe.

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Royal Victorian Order

The Royal Victorian Order (Ordre royal de Victoria) is a dynastic order of knighthood established in 1896 by Queen Victoria.

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Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George

The Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George (Sacro Militare Ordine Costantiniano di San Giorgio; Sagrada Orden Militar Constantiniana de San Jorge), also historically referred to as the Imperial Constantinian Order of Saint George and the Order of the Constantinian Angelic Knights of Saint George, is a dynastic order of knighthood of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies.

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Sash of the Two Orders

The Sash of the Two Orders (Banda das Duas Ordens, or Banda da Grã-Cruz das Duas Ordens) was a Portuguese decoration that combined the Grand Crosses of the Military Orders of Christ and Aviz.

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Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha), or Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (Sachsen-Coburg-Gotha), was an Ernestine duchy in Thuringia ruled by a branch of the House of Wettin, consisting of territories in the present-day states of Thuringia and Bavaria in Germany.

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Saxe-Ernestine House Order

The Saxe-Ernestine House Order (Sachsen-Ernestinischer Hausorden).

See Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Saxe-Ernestine House Order

Schneider-Creusot

Schneider et Compagnie, also known as Schneider-Creusot for its birthplace in the French town of Le Creusot, was a historic iron and steel-mill company which became a major arms manufacturer.

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Second Balkan War

The Second Balkan War was a conflict that broke out when Bulgaria, dissatisfied with its share of the spoils of the First Balkan War, attacked its former allies, Serbia and Greece, on 16 (O.S.) / 29 (N.S.) June 1913.

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Serbian campaign

The Serbian campaign was a series of military expeditions launched in 1914 and 1915 by the Central Powers against the Kingdom of Serbia during the First World War.

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Sidgwick & Jackson

Sidgwick & Jackson is an imprint of book publishing company Pan Macmillan.

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Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha

Simeon Borisov Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (translit,; born 16 June 1937) is a Bulgarian politician who reigned as the last tsar of the Kingdom of Bulgaria as Simeon II from 1943 until 1946. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha are 20th-century monarchs of Bulgaria, Grand Master of the Order of Military Merit (Bulgaria), Grand Officers of the Legion of Honour, house of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Bulgaria) and Recipients of the Order of Bravery.

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Slovakia

Slovakia (Slovensko), officially the Slovak Republic (Slovenská republika), is a landlocked country in Central Europe.

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Sofia

Sofia (Sofiya) is the capital and largest city of Bulgaria.

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St. Augustin, Coburg

St.

See Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and St. Augustin, Coburg

St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna

St.

See Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna

Stefan Stambolov

Stefan Nikolov Stambolov (Стефан Николов Стамболов; 31 January 1854 OS – 19 July 1895 OS) was a Bulgarian politician, journalist, revolutionary, and poet who served as Prime Minister and regent. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Stefan Stambolov are Recipients of the Order of Bravery.

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Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation

The Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation (Ordine Supremo della Santissima Annunziata) is a Roman Catholic order of chivalry, originating in Savoy.

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Tarnovo Constitution

The Tarnovo Constitution (Търновска конституция) was the first constitution of Bulgaria.

See Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Tarnovo Constitution

Treaty of Bucharest (1913)

The Treaty of Bucharest (Tratatul de la București; Букурештански мир; Букурещки договор; Συνθήκη τουΒουκουρεστίου) was concluded on 10 August 1913, by the delegates of Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, Montenegro and Greece.

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Vardar Macedonia

Vardar Macedonia (Macedonian and Вардарска Македонија, Vardarska Makedonija) was the name given to the territory of the Kingdom of Serbia (1912–1918) and Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1918–1941) roughly corresponding to today's North Macedonia.

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Veliko Tarnovo

Veliko Tarnovo (Veliko Tŭrnovo,; "Great Tarnovo") is a city in north central Bulgaria and the administrative centre of Veliko Tarnovo Province.

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Vienna

Vienna (Wien; Austro-Bavarian) is the capital, most populous city, and one of nine federal states of Austria.

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Vrana Palace

Vrana Palace (translit; formerly Враня) is a royal palace, on the outskirts of Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria.

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Weidenfeld & Nicolson

Weidenfeld & Nicolson Ltd (established 1949), often shortened to W&N or Weidenfeld, is a British publisher of fiction and reference books.

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Western Thrace

Western Thrace or West Thrace (Θράκη, Thráki) also known as Greek Thrace or Aegean Thrace, is a geographic and historical region of Greece, between the Nestos and Evros rivers in the northeast of the country; East Thrace, which lies east of the river Evros, forms the European part of Turkey, and the area to the north, in Bulgaria, is known as Northern Thrace.

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Wilhelm II

Wilhelm II (Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albert; 27 January 18594 June 1941) was the last German Emperor and King of Prussia from 1888 until his abdication in 1918, which marked the end of the German Empire as well as the Hohenzollern dynasty's 300-year rule of Prussia. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Wilhelm II are Annulled Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order, Grand Crosses of the Military Order of Maria Theresa, Grand Crosses of the Military Order of Max Joseph, Grand Crosses of the Order of Aviz, Grand Crosses of the Order of Christ (Portugal), Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary, knights Grand Cross of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus, monarchs who abdicated, Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Russia), Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (military class) and world War I political leaders.

See Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and Wilhelm II

1886 Bulgarian coup d'état

The Bulgarian coup d'état of 1886, also known as the 9 August coup d'état (Деветоавгустовски преврат, Devetoavgustovski prevrat) was an attempted dethronement of Knyaz Alexander Battenberg in Principality of Bulgaria, carried out on 9 August 1886.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Bulgaria

Also known as Czar Ferdinand, Czar of Bulgaria Ferdinand, Fedinand I of Bulgaria, Ferdinand I, Prince of Bulgaria, Ferdinand I, Tsar of Bulgaria, Ferdinand Maximilan Charles Leopold Marie, Ferdinand Maximilian, prince of Bulgaria, Ferdinand of Bulgaria, Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha of Kohary, King Ferdinand I of Bulgaria, Maximilian Karl Leopold Maria Ferdinand, Tsar Ferdinand I.

, Greece, Gregorian calendar, Heir presumptive, Holy Forty Martyrs Church, Veliko Tarnovo, House of Bourbon, House of Bourbon-Parma, House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, House of Braganza, House of Habsburg, House of Hesse, House of Hohenzollern, House of Koháry, House of Orléans, House of Romanov, House of Savoy, House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry, House of Württemberg, House of Wettin, House of Wittelsbach, House of Zogu, Hungary, Independent Albania, Iron Cross, John Murray (oceanographer), King, Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Kiril, Prince of Preslav, Krupp, Lady Helena Gleichen, Legion of Honour, Leopold I of Belgium, Leopold II of Belgium, List of Bulgarian monarchs, List of German monarchs, Louis Philippe I, Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon, Duchess of Orléans, Lucca, Ludwig Order, Majesty, Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily, Maria Carolina of Austria, Maximilian I of Mexico, Military Merit Cross (Austria-Hungary), Military Merit Order (Württemberg), Military Order of Maria Theresa, Military Order of Max Joseph, Military Order of the Tower and Sword, New Palace, Potsdam, Niko I Dadiani, Order of Besa, Order of Calatrava, Order of Carol I, Order of Civil Merit (Bulgaria), Order of Distinction (Ottoman Empire), Order of Leopold (Belgium), Order of Military Merit (Bulgaria), Order of Saint Alexander, Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky, Order of Saint Anna, Order of Saint Charles, Order of Saint Hubert, Order of Saint Januarius, Order of Saint Joachim, Order of Saint Lazarus (statuted 1910), Order of Saint Michael, Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary, Order of Saint Vladimir, Order of Saints Cyril and Methodius, Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus, Order of St. Andrew, Order of the Bath, Order of the Black Eagle, Order of the Crown of Italy, Order of the Elephant, Order of the Golden Fleece, Order of the Red Eagle, Order of the Rose, Order of the Seraphim, Order of the White Eagle (Russian Empire), Orders, decorations, and medals of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, Ottoman dynasty, Ottoman Empire, People's Republic of Bulgaria, Pope Leo XIII, Pour le Mérite, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Prince August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Prince Victor of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, Princess Clémentine of Orléans, Princess Eudoxia of Bulgaria, Princess Maria Antonia Koháry of Csábrág and Szitnya, Princess Maria Pia of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Princess Marie Louise of Bourbon-Parma, Princess Nadezhda of Bulgaria, Queen Victoria, Queen Victoria Diamond Jubilee Medal, Robert I, Duke of Parma, Roman Empire, Romanian royal family, Royal Victorian Order, Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George, Sash of the Two Orders, Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Saxe-Ernestine House Order, Schneider-Creusot, Second Balkan War, Serbian campaign, Sidgwick & Jackson, Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Slovakia, Sofia, St. Augustin, Coburg, St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna, Stefan Stambolov, Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation, Tarnovo Constitution, Treaty of Bucharest (1913), Vardar Macedonia, Veliko Tarnovo, Vienna, Vrana Palace, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, Western Thrace, Wilhelm II, 1886 Bulgarian coup d'état.

Ferdinand I of Bulgaria, the Glossary

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