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First Syrian Republic, the Glossary

The First Syrian Republic, officially the Syrian Republic, was formed in 1930 as a component of the Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon, succeeding the State of Syria.^[1]

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88 relations: Abd al-Rahman Shahbandar, Ahmad Nami, Airspace, Al-Jazira Province, Alawite State, Alawites, Arabic, Armenian language, British Empire, Charter of the United Nations, Coat of arms of Syria, Constituent assembly, Constitution of Syria, Damascus, Damien de Martel, Druze, Evacuation Day (Syria), Faisal I of Iraq, Fares al-Khoury, Fawzi al-Qawuqji, Flag of Syria, Franco-Syrian Treaty of Independence, Free France, French language, French Third Republic, Government of Vichy France, Greater Lebanon, Haqqi al-Azm, Hashim al-Atassi, Hatay State, Henri Ponsot, Henry de Jouvenel, High Commissioner of the Levant, Humat ad-Diyar, Husni al-Za'im, Ibrahim Hananu, Ihsan Al Jabri, Iraq, Islam, Jabal Druze State, Jarabulus, Kurd Mountain, Kurdish language, Kurds in Syria, Latakia, League of Nations, League of Nations mandate, Lebanese pound, Lebanon, List of presidents of Syria, ... Expand index (38 more) »
1930 establishments in the French colonial empire
1946 disestablishments in the French colonial empire
1950 disestablishments in Asia
French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon
Modern history of Syria

Abd al-Rahman Shahbandar

Abd al-Rahman Shahbandar (عبد الرحمن الشهبندر; ALA-LC: ‘Abd al-Raḥman al-Shahbandar; November 6, 1879 – July 6, 1940) was a prominent Syrian nationalist during the French Mandate of Syria and a leading opponent of compromise with French authority.

See First Syrian Republic and Abd al-Rahman Shahbandar

Ahmad Nami

"Al-Damad" Ahmad Nami or "Damat" Ahmet Nami (Aḥmad Nāmī; 1873 – 13 December 1962) was an Ottoman prince (damat), the fifth prime minister of Syria and second president of Syria (1926–28), and a lecturer of history and politics.

See First Syrian Republic and Ahmad Nami

Airspace

Airspace is the portion of the atmosphere controlled by a country above its territory, including its territorial waters or, more generally, any specific three-dimensional portion of the atmosphere.

See First Syrian Republic and Airspace

Al-Jazira Province

Al-Jazira Province (الجزيرة,, Cazire., Djézireh) was an administrative division in the State of Aleppo (1920–25), the State of Syria (1925–1930) and the first decades of the Mandatory Syrian Republic, during the French Mandate of Syria and the Lebanon. First Syrian Republic and al-Jazira Province are French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon.

See First Syrian Republic and Al-Jazira Province

Alawite State

The Alawite State (دولة جبل العلويين,; État des Alaouites), initially named the Territory of the Alawites (territoire des Alaouites), after the locally-dominant Alawites from its inception until its integration to the Syrian Federation in 1922, was a French mandate territory on the coast of present-day Syria after World War I., From The French Mandate from the League of Nations lasted from 1920 to 1946. First Syrian Republic and Alawite State are former countries in the Middle East and French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon.

See First Syrian Republic and Alawite State

Alawites

The Alawites, also known as Nusayrites, are an Arab ethnoreligious group that live primarily in the Levant and follow Alawism, a religious sect that splintered from early Shi'ism as a ghulat branch during the ninth century.

See First Syrian Republic and Alawites

Arabic

Arabic (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, or عَرَبِيّ, or) is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world.

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Armenian language

Armenian (endonym) is an Indo-European language and the sole member of the independent branch of the Armenian language family.

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British Empire

The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states.

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Charter of the United Nations

The Charter of the United Nations (UN) is the foundational treaty of the United Nations.

See First Syrian Republic and Charter of the United Nations

Coat of arms of Syria

The current coat of arms of Syria or coat of arms of the Syrian Arab Republic was adopted in 1980, following the 1977 dissolution of the Federation of Arab Republics, whose coat of arms had until then been used by its constituent states.

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Constituent assembly

A constituent assembly (also known as a constitutional convention, constitutional congress, or constitutional assembly) is a body assembled for the purpose of drafting or revising a constitution.

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Constitution of Syria

The current Constitution of the Syrian Arab Republic was adopted on 26 February 2012, replacing one that had been in force since 13 March 1973.

See First Syrian Republic and Constitution of Syria

Damascus

Damascus (Dimašq) is the capital and largest city of Syria, the oldest current capital in the world and, according to some, the fourth holiest city in Islam.

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Damien de Martel

Count Damien de Martel (November 27, 1878 – January 21, 1940) was a French politician and diplomat. First Syrian Republic and Damien de Martel are French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon.

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Druze

The Druze (دَرْزِيّ, or دُرْزِيّ, rtl), who call themselves al-Muwaḥḥidūn (lit. 'the monotheists' or 'the unitarians'), are an Arab and Arabic-speaking esoteric ethnoreligious group from West Asia who adhere to the Druze faith, an Abrahamic, monotheistic, syncretic, and ethnic religion whose main tenets assert the unity of God, reincarnation, and the eternity of the soul.

See First Syrian Republic and Druze

Evacuation Day (Syria)

Evacuation Day (ʿīd al-jalāʾ, also known as Jalaa Day or Clearance Day) is Syria's national day commemorating the evacuation of the last French soldier at the end of the French mandate of Syria on 17 April 1946 after Syria's proclamation of full independence in 1941.

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Faisal I of Iraq

Faisal I bin al-Hussein bin Ali al-Hashemi (فيصل الأول بن الحسين بن علي الهاشمي, Fayṣal al-Awwal bin al-Ḥusayn bin ʻAlī al-Hāshimī; 20 May 1885 – 8 September 1933) was King of Iraq from 23 August 1921 until his death in 1933.

See First Syrian Republic and Faisal I of Iraq

Fares al-Khoury

Fares al-Khoury (Fāris al-Khūrī) (November 20, 1877 – January 2, 1962) was a Syrian statesman, minister, prime minister, speaker of parliament, and father of modern Syrian politics.

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Fawzi al-Qawuqji

Fawzi al-Qawuqji (sometimes spelled Fauzi el-Kaukji - فوزي القاوقجي; 19 January 1890 – 5 June 1977) was a Lebanese-born Arab nationalist military figure in the interwar period.

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Flag of Syria

As a result of the Syrian Civil War since 2011, there are at least two flags used to represent Syria, used by different factions in the war.

See First Syrian Republic and Flag of Syria

Franco-Syrian Treaty of Independence

The Franco-Syrian Treaty of Independence, also known as the Viénot Accords, was a treaty negotiated between France and Syria to provide for Syrian independence from French authority. First Syrian Republic and Franco-Syrian Treaty of Independence are French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon.

See First Syrian Republic and Franco-Syrian Treaty of Independence

Free France

Free France (France libre) was a political entity claiming to be the legitimate government of France following the dissolution of the Third Republic during World War II. First Syrian Republic and Free France are former republics.

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French language

French (français,, or langue française,, or by some speakers) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family.

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French Third Republic

The French Third Republic (Troisième République, sometimes written as La IIIe République) was the system of government adopted in France from 4 September 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War, until 10 July 1940, after the Fall of France during World War II led to the formation of the Vichy government. First Syrian Republic and French Third Republic are former republics.

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Government of Vichy France

The Government of Vichy France was the collaborationist ruling regime or government in Nazi-occupied France during the Second World War.

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Greater Lebanon

The State of Greater Lebanon (Dawlat Lubnān al-Kubra; État du Grand Liban), informally known as French Lebanon, was a state declared on 1 September 1920, which became the Lebanese Republic (الجمهورية اللبنانية; République libanaise) in May 1926, and is the predecessor of modern Lebanon. First Syrian Republic and Greater Lebanon are former countries in the Middle East and French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon.

See First Syrian Republic and Greater Lebanon

Haqqi al-Azm

Haqqi al-Azm (حقي العظم/ ALA-LC: Ḥaqqī al-‘Aẓm; 1864, in Damascus – 1955) was a Syrian politician active during the late Ottoman period and during the First Syrian Republic.

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Hashim al-Atassi

Hashim al-Atassi (Hāšim al-ʾAtāsī; 11 January 1875 – 5 December 1960) was a Syrian nationalist and statesman and the President of Syria from 1936 to 1939, 1949 to 1951 and 1954 to 1955.

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Hatay State

Hatay State (Hatay Devleti; État du Hatay; translit), also known informally as the Republic of Hatay (translit), was a transitional political entity that existed from 7 September 1938 to 29 June 1939, being located in the territory of the Sanjak of Alexandretta of the French Mandate of Syria. First Syrian Republic and Hatay State are former countries in the Middle East.

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Henri Ponsot

Auguste Henri Ponsot (2 March 1877 – 5 October 1963) was a French politician and statesman.

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Henry de Jouvenel

Henry de Jouvenel des Ursins (5 April 1876 – 5 October 1935) was a French journalist and statesman.

See First Syrian Republic and Henry de Jouvenel

High Commissioner of the Levant

The high commissioner of France in the Levant (haut-commissaire de France au Levant; المندوب السامي الفرنسي على سورية ولبنان), named after 1941 the general delegate of Free France in the Levant (délégué général de la France libre au Levant), was the highest ranking authority representing France (and Free France during World War II) in the French-mandated countries of Syria and Lebanon. First Syrian Republic and high Commissioner of the Levant are French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon.

See First Syrian Republic and High Commissioner of the Levant

Humat ad-Diyar

"" (lit, Syriac) is the national anthem of the Syrian Arab Republic, with lyrics written by Khalil Mardam Bey and the music by Mohammed Flayfel, who also composed the national anthem of the Iraq as well as many other Arab folk songs.

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Husni al-Za'im

Husni al-Za'im (حسني الزعيمḤusnī az-Za’īm; 11 May 1897 – 14 August 1949) was a Syrian Kurdish military officer and who was head of state of Syria in 1949.

See First Syrian Republic and Husni al-Za'im

Ibrahim Hananu

Ibrahim Hananu (1869–1935) (Ibrāhīm Hanānū) was a Syrian revolutionary and former Ottoman municipal official who led a revolt against the French colonial presence in northern Syria in the early 1920s.

See First Syrian Republic and Ibrahim Hananu

Ihsan Al Jabri

Ihsan Al Jabri (Arabic: إحسان الجابري) (1879- 1980) was a Syrian politician and nationalist.

See First Syrian Republic and Ihsan Al Jabri

Iraq

Iraq, officially the Republic of Iraq, is a country in West Asia and a core country in the geopolitical region known as the Middle East.

See First Syrian Republic and Iraq

Islam

Islam (al-Islām) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder.

See First Syrian Republic and Islam

Jabal Druze State

Jabal al-Druze (جبل الدروز, Djebel Druze) was an autonomous state in the French Mandate of Syria from 1921 to 1936, designed to function as a government for the local Druze population under French oversight. First Syrian Republic and Jabal Druze State are former countries in the Middle East and French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon.

See First Syrian Republic and Jabal Druze State

Jarabulus

Jarabulus (جَرَابُلُس, ALA-LC:, Aleppo dialect:; Cerablus or Carablus; script) is a Syrian city administratively belonging to Aleppo Governorate, under the de facto control of the Syrian Opposition.

See First Syrian Republic and Jarabulus

Kurd Mountain

Kurd Mountain or Kurd Dagh (jabal al-ʾakrād; Kürt Dağı, officially Kurt Dağı; Çiyayê Kurmênc) is a highland region in northwestern Syria and southeastern Turkey.

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Kurdish language

Kurdish (Kurdî, کوردی) is a Northwestern Iranian language or group of languages spoken by Kurds in the region of Kurdistan, namely in Turkey, northern Iraq, northwest and northeast Iran, and Syria.

See First Syrian Republic and Kurdish language

Kurds in Syria

The Kurdish population of Syria is the country's largest ethnic minority, usually estimated at around 10% of the Syrian population Kurds are the largest ethnic minority in Syria, constituting around 10 per cent of the population – around 2 million of the pre-conflict population of around 22 million.

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Latakia

Latakia (translit; Syrian pronunciation) is the principal port city of Syria and capital city of the Latakia Governorate located on the Mediterranean coast.

See First Syrian Republic and Latakia

League of Nations

The League of Nations (LN or LoN; Société des Nations, SdN) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace.

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League of Nations mandate

A League of Nations mandate represented a legal status under international law for specific territories following World War I, involving the transfer of control from one nation to another.

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Lebanese pound

The lira or pound is the currency of Lebanon.

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Lebanon

Lebanon (Lubnān), officially the Republic of Lebanon, is a country in the Levant region of West Asia.

See First Syrian Republic and Lebanon

List of presidents of Syria

This is a list of presidents of Syria since 1920.

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Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon

The Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon (Mandat pour la Syrie et le Liban; al-intidāb al-faransīalā sūriyā wa-lubnān, also referred to as the Levant States; 1923−1946) was a League of Nations mandate founded in the aftermath of the First World War and the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire, concerning Syria and Lebanon. First Syrian Republic and mandate for Syria and the Lebanon are 1946 disestablishments in the French colonial empire, former countries in the Middle East, French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon and states and territories disestablished in 1946.

See First Syrian Republic and Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon

Muhammad Ali Bey al-Abid

Muhammad Ali Bey al-Abid (محمد علي بك العابد,; 1867 – 22 October 1939) or, as he spelled his own name in French, Mehmed Ali Abed, was appointed the president of the mandatory Syrian Republic (from 11 June 1932 until 21 December 1936) as a nominee of the nationalist Syrian parliament in Damascus after the country received partial recognition of sovereignty from France.

See First Syrian Republic and Muhammad Ali Bey al-Abid

National Bloc (Syria)

The National Bloc (الكتلة الوطنية Al-Kutlah Al-Wataniyah; French: Bloc national) was a Syrian political party that emerged to fight for Syrian independence during the French Mandate of Syria period.

See First Syrian Republic and National Bloc (Syria)

National Party (Syria)

The National Party (الحزب الوطني al-Ḥizb al-Waṭanī; Parti National) was a Syrian political party founded in 1947, eventually dissolving in 1963, after the Syrian Ba'ath Party established one-party rule in Syria in a coup d'état.

See First Syrian Republic and National Party (Syria)

Nazi Germany

Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship.

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Nazim al-Qudsi

Nazim al-Qudsi (Nāẓim al-Qudsī or Nadhim Al-Kudisi; 14 February 1906 – 6 February 1998), was a Syrian politician who served as President of Syria from 14 December 1961 to 8 March 1963.

See First Syrian Republic and Nazim al-Qudsi

Palestine (region)

The region of Palestine, also known as Historic Palestine, is a geographical area in West Asia.

See First Syrian Republic and Palestine (region)

Parliamentary system

A parliamentary system, or parliamentary democracy, is a system of democratic government where the head of government (who may also be the head of state) derives their democratic legitimacy from their ability to command the support ("confidence") of the legislature, typically a parliament, to which they are accountable.

See First Syrian Republic and Parliamentary system

People's Party (Syria)

The People's Party (حزب الشعب Ḥizb aš-Šaʿb; Parti du peuple) was a Syrian political party that dominated Syrian politics during the 1950s and the early 1960s.

See First Syrian Republic and People's Party (Syria)

Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council

The permanent members of the United Nations Security Council (also known as the Permanent Five, Big Five, or P5) are the five sovereign states to whom the UN Charter of 1945 grants a permanent seat on the UN Security Council: China, France, Russia, United Kingdom, and United States.

See First Syrian Republic and Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council

Popular Front (France)

The Popular Front (Front populaire) was an alliance of left-wing movements in France, including the French Communist Party (PCF), the socialist SFIO and the Radical-Socialist Republican Party, during the interwar period.

See First Syrian Republic and Popular Front (France)

President of Syria

The president of Syria (رئيس سوريا.), officially the president of the Syrian Arab Republic (رئيس الجمهورية العربية السورية.), is the head of state of the Syrian Arab Republic.

See First Syrian Republic and President of Syria

Prime Minister of Syria

The prime minister of Syria (raʾīs wuzarāʾ Sūriyā) is the head of Council of Ministers appointed by the President of the Syrian Arab Republic.

See First Syrian Republic and Prime Minister of Syria

Ratification

Ratification is a principal's legal confirmation of an act of its agent.

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Sanjak of Alexandretta

The Sanjak of Alexandretta (Liwa' Al-Iskandarūna; İskenderun Sancağı; Sandjak d'Alexandrette) was a sanjak of the Mandate of Syria composed of two qadaas of the former Aleppo Vilayet (Alexandretta and Antioch, now İskenderun and Antakya). First Syrian Republic and sanjak of Alexandretta are French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon.

See First Syrian Republic and Sanjak of Alexandretta

Second Syrian Republic

The Second Syrian Republic, officially the Syrian Republic from 1950 to 1958 and the Syrian Arab Republic from 1961 to 1963, succeeded the First Syrian Republic that had become de facto independent in April 1946 from the French Mandate. First Syrian Republic and Second Syrian Republic are former countries in the Middle East, former republics and modern history of Syria.

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Shakib Arslan

Shakib Arslan (شَكيب أَرْسَلان; 25 December 1869 – 9 December 1946) was a Lebanese writer, poet, historian, politician, and Emir in Lebanon.

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Shukri al-Quwatli

Shukri al-Quwatli (Shukrī al-Quwwatlī; 6 May 189130 June 1967) was the first president of post-independence Syria, in 1943.

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Sovereign state

A sovereign state is a state that has the highest authority over a territory.

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Sovereignty

Sovereignty can generally be defined as supreme authority.

See First Syrian Republic and Sovereignty

State of Syria (1925–1930)

The State of Syria (État de Syrie, دولة سوريا) was a French Mandate state created by decree of 5 December 1924, with effect from 1 January 1925, from the union of the State of Aleppo and the State of Damascus. First Syrian Republic and state of Syria (1925–1930) are former countries in the Middle East and French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon.

See First Syrian Republic and State of Syria (1925–1930)

Sultan al-Atrash

Sultan al-Atrash (translit; 5 March 1891 – 26 March 1982) was a Syrian Druze nationalist revolutionary who led the Great Syrian Revolt against the French colonial administration in Syria.

See First Syrian Republic and Sultan al-Atrash

Syria

Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant.

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Syria (region)

Syria (Hieroglyphic Luwian: Sura/i; Συρία; ܣܘܪܝܐ) or Sham (Ash-Shām) is a historical region located east of the Mediterranean Sea in West Asia, broadly synonymous with the Levant.

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Syria–Lebanon campaign

The Syria–Lebanon campaign, also known as Operation Exporter, was the invasion of Syria and Lebanon (then controlled by Vichy France) in June and July 1941 by British Empire forces, during the Second World War. First Syrian Republic and Syria–Lebanon campaign are French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon.

See First Syrian Republic and Syria–Lebanon campaign

Syriac language

The Syriac language (Leššānā Suryāyā), also known natively in its spoken form in early Syriac literature as Edessan (Urhāyā), the Mesopotamian language (Nahrāyā) and Aramaic (Aramāyā), is an Eastern Middle Aramaic dialect. Classical Syriac is the academic term used to refer to the dialect's literary usage and standardization, distinguishing it from other Aramaic dialects also known as 'Syriac' or 'Syrian'.

See First Syrian Republic and Syriac language

Syrian Constitution of 1930

The Syrian Constitution of 1930, drafted by a committee under Ibrahim Hananu, was promulgated by arrêté No.

See First Syrian Republic and Syrian Constitution of 1930

Syrian pound

The Syrian pound or lira (al-līra as-sūriyya; abbreviation: LS or SP in Latin, ل.س in Arabic, historically also £S, and £Syr; ISO code: SYP) is the currency of Syria.

See First Syrian Republic and Syrian pound

Taj al-Din al-Hasani

Taj al-Din al-Hasani (Tāj ad-Dīn al-Ḥasanī; 1885 – 17 January 1943) was a French-appointed Syrian leader and politician who served during the French mandate as Syrian head of state (1928–1931, 1941–1943), prime minister (1928–1932, 1934–1936) and minister of interior (1934–1936).

See First Syrian Republic and Taj al-Din al-Hasani

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Syrian_Republic

Also known as Independent First Syrian Republic, Mandatory Syria, Mandatory Syrian Republic.

, Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon, Muhammad Ali Bey al-Abid, National Bloc (Syria), National Party (Syria), Nazi Germany, Nazim al-Qudsi, Palestine (region), Parliamentary system, People's Party (Syria), Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, Popular Front (France), President of Syria, Prime Minister of Syria, Ratification, Sanjak of Alexandretta, Second Syrian Republic, Shakib Arslan, Shukri al-Quwatli, Sovereign state, Sovereignty, State of Syria (1925–1930), Sultan al-Atrash, Syria, Syria (region), Syria–Lebanon campaign, Syriac language, Syrian Constitution of 1930, Syrian pound, Taj al-Din al-Hasani, Turkey, Turkish language, Vichy France, World War II, Xoybûn, Yazidism, 1936 French legislative election, 1936 Syrian general strike, 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

First Syrian Republic, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

1930 establishments in the French colonial empire

1946 disestablishments in the French colonial empire

1950 disestablishments in Asia

French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon

Modern history of Syria

References