Flash memory, the Glossary
Flash memory is an electronic non-volatile computer memory storage medium that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed.[1]
Table of Contents
249 relations: Access time, ACID, AMD, AnandTech, Application-specific integrated circuit, ARM architecture family, Arm Holdings, Arrhenius equation, AVR microcontrollers, Backblaze, Bad sector, Ball grid array, BCH code, Bell Labs, Binary prefix, Biomedical engineering, BIOS, Bit, Bitstream, Block (data storage), Boost converter, Bus (computing), Business Wire, Byte, Cache (computing), Carnegie Mellon University, Centrino, CERN, Charge pump, Charge trap flash, Checksum, CMOS, Common Flash Memory Interface, CompactFlash, Computer, Computer History Museum, Computer memory, Cypress PSoC, Cypress Semiconductor, Data degradation, Data redundancy, Data storage, DataFlash, Dawon Kahng, DDR2 SDRAM, Dell, Device driver, Die (integrated circuit), Digital camera, DSL modem, ... Expand index (199 more) »
Access time
Access time is the time delay or latency between a request to an electronic system, and the access being completed or the requested data returned In a computer and software systems, it is the time interval between the instant at which an instruction control unit initiates a call to retrieve data or a request to store data, and the instant at which delivery of the data is completed or the storage is started.
See Flash memory and Access time
ACID
In computer science, ACID (atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability) is a set of properties of database transactions intended to guarantee data validity despite errors, power failures, and other mishaps.
AMD
Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD) is an American multinational corporation and fabless semiconductor company based in Santa Clara, California, that designs, develops and sells computer processors and related technologies for business and consumer markets.
AnandTech
AnandTech is an online computer hardware magazine owned by Future plc.
See Flash memory and AnandTech
Application-specific integrated circuit
An application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) is an integrated circuit (IC) chip customized for a particular use, rather than intended for general-purpose use, such as a chip designed to run in a digital voice recorder or a high-efficiency video codec.
See Flash memory and Application-specific integrated circuit
ARM architecture family
ARM (stylised in lowercase as arm, formerly an acronym for Advanced RISC Machines and originally Acorn RISC Machine) is a family of RISC instruction set architectures (ISAs) for computer processors.
See Flash memory and ARM architecture family
Arm Holdings
Arm Holdings plc (formerly an acronym for Advanced RISC Machines and originally Acorn RISC Machine) is a British semiconductor and software design company based in Cambridge, England, whose primary business is the design of central processing unit (CPU) cores that implement the ARM architecture family of instruction sets.
See Flash memory and Arm Holdings
Arrhenius equation
In physical chemistry, the Arrhenius equation is a formula for the temperature dependence of reaction rates.
See Flash memory and Arrhenius equation
AVR microcontrollers
AVR is a family of microcontrollers developed since 1996 by Atmel, acquired by Microchip Technology in 2016.
See Flash memory and AVR microcontrollers
Backblaze
Backblaze, Inc. is an American cloud storage and data backup company based in San Mateo, California.
See Flash memory and Backblaze
Bad sector
A bad sector in computing is a disk sector on a disk storage unit that is unreadable.
See Flash memory and Bad sector
Ball grid array
A ball grid array (BGA) is a type of surface-mount packaging (a chip carrier) used for integrated circuits.
See Flash memory and Ball grid array
BCH code
In coding theory, the Bose–Chaudhuri–Hocquenghem codes (BCH codes) form a class of cyclic error-correcting codes that are constructed using polynomials over a finite field (also called a Galois field).
Bell Labs
Bell Labs is an American industrial research and scientific development company credited with the development of radio astronomy, the transistor, the laser, the photovoltaic cell, the charge-coupled device (CCD), information theory, the Unix operating system, and the programming languages B, C, C++, S, SNOBOL, AWK, AMPL, and others.
See Flash memory and Bell Labs
Binary prefix
A binary prefix is a unit prefix that indicates a multiple of a unit of measurement by an integer power of two.
See Flash memory and Binary prefix
Biomedical engineering
Biomedical engineering (BME) or medical engineering is the application of engineering principles and design concepts to medicine and biology for healthcare applications (e.g., diagnostic or therapeutic purposes).
See Flash memory and Biomedical engineering
BIOS
In computing, BIOS (Basic Input/Output System, also known as the System BIOS, ROM BIOS, BIOS ROM or PC BIOS) is firmware used to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs and to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup).
Bit
The bit is the most basic unit of information in computing and digital communication.
Bitstream
A bitstream (or bit stream), also known as binary sequence, is a sequence of bits.
See Flash memory and Bitstream
Block (data storage)
In computing (specifically data transmission and data storage), a block, sometimes called a physical record, is a sequence of bytes or bits, usually containing some whole number of records, having a maximum length; a block size.
See Flash memory and Block (data storage)
Boost converter
A boost converter or step-up converter is a DC-to-DC converter that increases voltage, while decreasing current, from its input (''supply'') to its output (''load'').
See Flash memory and Boost converter
Bus (computing)
In computer architecture, a bus (historically also called data highway or databus) is a communication system that transfers data between components inside a computer, or between computers.
See Flash memory and Bus (computing)
Business Wire
Business Wire is an American company that disseminates full-text press releases from thousands of companies and organizations worldwide to news media, financial markets, disclosure systems, investors, information web sites, databases, bloggers, social networks and other audiences.
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Byte
The byte is a unit of digital information that most commonly consists of eight bits. Flash memory and byte are computer memory.
Cache (computing)
In computing, a cache is a hardware or software component that stores data so that future requests for that data can be served faster; the data stored in a cache might be the result of an earlier computation or a copy of data stored elsewhere. Flash memory and cache (computing) are computer memory.
See Flash memory and Cache (computing)
Carnegie Mellon University
Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) is a private research university in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
See Flash memory and Carnegie Mellon University
Centrino
Centrino is a brand name of Intel Corporation which represents its Wi-Fi and WiMAX wireless computer networking adapters.
CERN
The European Organization for Nuclear Research, known as CERN (Conseil européen pour la Recherche nucléaire), is an intergovernmental organization that operates the largest particle physics laboratory in the world.
Charge pump
A charge pump is a kind of DC-to-DC converter that uses capacitors for energetic charge storage to raise or lower voltage.
See Flash memory and Charge pump
Charge trap flash
Charge trap flash (CTF) is a semiconductor memory technology used in creating non-volatile NOR and NAND flash memory. Flash memory and Charge trap flash are Japanese inventions and non-volatile memory.
See Flash memory and Charge trap flash
Checksum
A checksum is a small-sized block of data derived from another block of digital data for the purpose of detecting errors that may have been introduced during its transmission or storage.
CMOS
Complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS, pronounced "sea-moss") is a type of metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) fabrication process that uses complementary and symmetrical pairs of p-type and n-type MOSFETs for logic functions.
Common Flash Memory Interface
The Common Flash Memory Interface (CFI) is an open standard jointly developed by AMD, Intel, Sharp and Fujitsu. Flash memory and Common Flash Memory Interface are non-volatile memory.
See Flash memory and Common Flash Memory Interface
CompactFlash
CompactFlash (CF) is a flash memory mass storage device used mainly in portable electronic devices. Flash memory and CompactFlash are computer memory.
See Flash memory and CompactFlash
Computer
A computer is a machine that can be programmed to automatically carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations (computation).
Computer History Museum
The Computer History Museum (CHM) is a museum of computer history, located in Mountain View, California.
See Flash memory and Computer History Museum
Computer memory
Computer memory stores information, such as data and programs, for immediate use in the computer.
See Flash memory and Computer memory
Cypress PSoC
PSoC (programmable system on a chip) is a family of microcontroller integrated circuits by Cypress Semiconductor.
See Flash memory and Cypress PSoC
Cypress Semiconductor
Cypress Semiconductor was an American semiconductor design and manufacturing company.
See Flash memory and Cypress Semiconductor
Data degradation
Data degradation is the gradual corruption of computer data due to an accumulation of non-critical failures in a data storage device.
See Flash memory and Data degradation
Data redundancy
In computer main memory, auxiliary storage and computer buses, data redundancy is the existence of data that is additional to the actual data and permits correction of errors in stored or transmitted data. Flash memory and data redundancy are computer memory.
See Flash memory and Data redundancy
Data storage
Data storage is the recording (storing) of information (data) in a storage medium.
See Flash memory and Data storage
DataFlash
DataFlash is a low pin-count serial interface for flash memory. Flash memory and DataFlash are non-volatile memory.
See Flash memory and DataFlash
Dawon Kahng
Dawon Kahng (강대원; May 4, 1931 – May 13, 1992) was a Korean-American electrical engineer and inventor, known for his work in solid-state electronics.
See Flash memory and Dawon Kahng
DDR2 SDRAM
Double Data Rate 2 Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory (DDR2 SDRAM) is a double data rate (DDR) synchronous dynamic random-access memory (SDRAM) interface.
See Flash memory and DDR2 SDRAM
Dell
Dell Inc. is an American technology company that develops, sells, repairs, and supports computers and related products and services.
Device driver
In the context of an operating system, a device driver is a computer program that operates or controls a particular type of device that is attached to a computer or automaton.
See Flash memory and Device driver
Die (integrated circuit)
A die, in the context of integrated circuits, is a small block of semiconducting material on which a given functional circuit is fabricated.
See Flash memory and Die (integrated circuit)
Digital camera
A digital camera, also called a digicam, is a camera that captures photographs in digital memory. Flash memory and digital camera are 20th-century inventions.
See Flash memory and Digital camera
DSL modem
A digital subscriber line (DSL) modem is a device used to connect a computer or router to a telephone line which provides the digital subscriber line (DSL) service for connection to the Internet, which is often called DSL broadband.
See Flash memory and DSL modem
Dynamic random-access memory
Dynamic random-access memory (dynamic RAM or DRAM) is a type of random-access semiconductor memory that stores each bit of data in a memory cell, usually consisting of a tiny capacitor and a transistor, both typically based on metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) technology. Flash memory and Dynamic random-access memory are 20th-century inventions and computer memory.
See Flash memory and Dynamic random-access memory
EE Times
EE Times (Electronic Engineering Times) is an electronics industry magazine published in the United States since 1972.
EEPROM
EEPROM or E2PROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory) is a type of non-volatile memory. Flash memory and EEPROM are computer memory, Japanese inventions and non-volatile memory.
Electric field
An electric field (sometimes called E-field) is the physical field that surrounds electrically charged particles.
See Flash memory and Electric field
Electric-field screening
In physics, screening is the damping of electric fields caused by the presence of mobile charge carriers.
See Flash memory and Electric-field screening
Electronics
Electronics is a scientific and engineering discipline that studies and applies the principles of physics to design, create, and operate devices that manipulate electrons and other electrically charged particles.
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Electronics Weekly
Electronics Weekly is a weekly trade journal for electronics professionals which was first published by Reed Business Information on 7 September 1960.
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Embedded system
An embedded system is a computer system—a combination of a computer processor, computer memory, and input/output peripheral devices—that has a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electronic system.
See Flash memory and Embedded system
Engadget
Engadget is a technology news, reviews and analysis website offering daily coverage of gadgets, consumer electronics, video games, gaming hardware, apps, social media, streaming, AI, space, robotics, electric vehicles and other potentially consumer-facing technology.
EPROM
An EPROM (rarely EROM), or erasable programmable read-only memory, is a type of programmable read-only memory (PROM) chip that retains its data when its power supply is switched off. Flash memory and EPROM are computer memory and non-volatile memory.
Error correction code
In computing, telecommunication, information theory, and coding theory, forward error correction (FEC) or channel coding is a technique used for controlling errors in data transmission over unreliable or noisy communication channels.
See Flash memory and Error correction code
Error detection and correction
In information theory and coding theory with applications in computer science and telecommunication, error detection and correction (EDAC) or error control are techniques that enable reliable delivery of digital data over unreliable communication channels.
See Flash memory and Error detection and correction
EWeek
eWeek (Enterprise Newsweekly, stylized as eWEEK), formerly PCWeek, is a technology and business magazine.
Executable
In computer science, executable code, an executable file, or an executable program, sometimes simply referred to as an executable or binary, causes a computer "to perform indicated tasks according to encoded instructions", as opposed to a data file that must be interpreted (parsed) by an interpreter to be functional.
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Execute in place
In computer science, execute in place (XIP) is a method of executing programs directly from long-term storage rather than copying it into RAM.
See Flash memory and Execute in place
Expansion card
In computing, an expansion card (also called an expansion board, adapter card, peripheral card or accessory card) is a printed circuit board that can be inserted into an electrical connector, or expansion slot (also referred to as a bus slot) on a computer's motherboard (see also backplane) to add functionality to a computer system.
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ExtremeTech
ExtremeTech is a technology weblog, launched in June 2001, which focuses on hardware, computer software, science and other technologies.
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Feature phone
A feature phone (also spelled featurephone), or brick phone, is a type or class of mobile phone that retains the form factor of earlier generations of mobile telephones, typically with press-button based inputs and a small non-touch display.
See Flash memory and Feature phone
Ferroelectric RAM
Ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM, F-RAM or FRAM) is a random-access memory similar in construction to DRAM but using a ferroelectric layer instead of a dielectric layer to achieve non-volatility. Flash memory and ferroelectric RAM are non-volatile memory.
See Flash memory and Ferroelectric RAM
Field electron emission
Field electron emission, also known as field emission (FE) and electron field emission, is emission of electrons induced by an electrostatic field.
See Flash memory and Field electron emission
Field-programmable gate array
A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is a type of configurable integrated circuit that can be repeatedly programmed after manufacturing.
See Flash memory and Field-programmable gate array
Firmware
In computing, firmware is software that provides low-level control of computing device hardware.
Flash (photography)
A flash is a device used in photography that produces a brief burst of light (typically lasting to of a second) at a color temperature of about to help illuminate a scene.
See Flash memory and Flash (photography)
Flash memory
Flash memory is an electronic non-volatile computer memory storage medium that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. Flash memory and Flash memory are 20th-century inventions, computer memory, Japanese inventions and non-volatile memory.
See Flash memory and Flash memory
Flash memory controller
A flash memory controller (or flash controller) manages data stored on flash memory (usually NAND flash) and communicates with a computer or electronic device. Flash memory and flash memory controller are computer memory.
See Flash memory and Flash memory controller
Floating-gate MOSFET
The floating-gate MOSFET (FGMOS), also known as a floating-gate MOS transistor or floating-gate transistor, is a type of metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) where the gate is electrically isolated, creating a floating node in direct current, and a number of secondary gates or inputs are deposited above the floating gate (FG) and are electrically isolated from it.
See Flash memory and Floating-gate MOSFET
Forbes
Forbes is an American business magazine founded by B. C. Forbes in 1917 and owned by Hong Kong-based investment group Integrated Whale Media Investments since 2014.
Fujio Masuoka
is a Japanese engineer, who has worked for Toshiba and Tohoku University, and is currently chief technical officer (CTO) of Unisantis Electronics.
See Flash memory and Fujio Masuoka
Fujitsu
is a Japanese multinational information and communications technology equipment and services corporation, established in 1935 and headquartered in Kawasaki, Kanagawa.
Garbage collection (computer science)
In computer science, garbage collection (GC) is a form of automatic memory management.
See Flash memory and Garbage collection (computer science)
Gigabyte
The gigabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information.
Global Positioning System
The Global Positioning System (GPS), originally Navstar GPS, is a satellite-based radio navigation system owned by the United States government and operated by the United States Space Force. Flash memory and Global Positioning System are 20th-century inventions.
See Flash memory and Global Positioning System
GSM
The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is a standard developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe the protocols for second-generation (2G) digital cellular networks used by mobile devices such as mobile phones and tablets.
Hamming code
In computer science and telecommunication, Hamming codes are a family of linear error-correcting codes.
See Flash memory and Hamming code
Hard disk drive
A hard disk drive (HDD), hard disk, hard drive, or fixed disk is an electro-mechanical data storage device that stores and retrieves digital data using magnetic storage with one or more rigid rapidly rotating platters coated with magnetic material. Flash memory and hard disk drive are 20th-century inventions.
See Flash memory and Hard disk drive
Hot-carrier injection
Hot carrier injection (HCI) is a phenomenon in solid-state electronic devices where an electron or a “hole” gains sufficient kinetic energy to overcome a potential barrier necessary to break an interface state.
See Flash memory and Hot-carrier injection
HowStuffWorks
HowStuffWorks is an American commercial infotainment website founded by professor and author Marshall Brain, to provide its target audience an insight into the way many things work.
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Hybrid drive
In computing, a hybrid drive (solid state hybrid drive – SSHD) is a logical or physical storage device that combines a faster storage medium such as solid-state drive (SSD) with a higher-capacity hard disk drive (HDD). Flash memory and hybrid drive are non-volatile memory.
See Flash memory and Hybrid drive
IEEE Electron Device Letters
IEEE Electron Device Letters is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published monthly by the IEEE.
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IHS Markit
IHS Markit Ltd was an information services provider that completed a merger with S&P Global in 2022.
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Industrial robot
An industrial robot is a robot system used for manufacturing.
See Flash memory and Industrial robot
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is an American 501(c)(3) professional association for electronics engineering, electrical engineering, and other related disciplines.
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Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers
The is a Japanese institute specializing in the areas of electronic, information and communication engineering and associated fields.
See Flash memory and Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers
Integrated circuit
An integrated circuit (IC), also known as a microchip, computer chip, or simply chip, is a small electronic device made up of multiple interconnected electronic components such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors. Flash memory and integrated circuit are 20th-century inventions.
See Flash memory and Integrated circuit
Intel
Intel Corporation is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California, and incorporated in Delaware.
Intel HEX
Intel hexadecimal object file format, Intel hex format or Intellec Hex is a file format that conveys binary information in ASCII text form, making it possible to store on non-binary media such as paper tape, punch cards, etc., to display on text terminals or be printed on line-oriented printers.
See Flash memory and Intel HEX
International Data Group
International Data Group (IDG, Inc.) is a market intelligence and demand generation company focused on the technology industry.
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International Electron Devices Meeting
The IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM) is an annual micro- and nanoelectronics conference held each December that serves as a forum for reporting technological breakthroughs in the areas of semiconductor and related device technologies, design, manufacturing, physics, modeling and circuit-device interaction.
See Flash memory and International Electron Devices Meeting
International Solid-State Circuits Conference
International Solid-State Circuits Conference is a global forum for presentation of advances in solid-state circuits and Systems-on-a-Chip.
See Flash memory and International Solid-State Circuits Conference
International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors
The International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) is a set of documents that was coordinated and organized by Semiconductor Research Corporation and produced by a group of experts in the semiconductor industry.
See Flash memory and International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors
Kingston Technology
Kingston Technology Corporation is an American multinational computer technology corporation that develops, manufactures, sells and supports flash memory products, other computer-related memory products, as well as the HyperX gaming division (now owned by HP).
See Flash memory and Kingston Technology
Kioxia
Kioxia Holdings Corporation, simply known as Kioxia and stylized as KIOXIA, is a Japanese multinational computer memory manufacturer headquartered in Tokyo, Japan.
Land grid array
The land grid array (LGA) is a type of surface-mount packaging for integrated circuits (ICs) that is notable for having the pins on the socket (when a socket is used) — as opposed to pins on the integrated circuit, known as a pin grid array (PGA).
See Flash memory and Land grid array
List of file systems
The following lists identify, characterize, and link to more thorough information on file systems.
See Flash memory and List of file systems
List of flash memory controller manufacturers
This is a list of manufacturers of flash memory controllers for various flash memory devices like SSDs, USB flash drives, SD cards, and CompactFlash cards.
See Flash memory and List of flash memory controller manufacturers
List of integrated circuit packaging types
Integrated circuits are put into protective packages to allow easy handling and assembly onto printed circuit boards and to protect the devices from damage.
See Flash memory and List of integrated circuit packaging types
List of semiconductor scale examples
Listed are many semiconductor scale examples for various metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET, or MOS transistor) semiconductor manufacturing process nodes.
See Flash memory and List of semiconductor scale examples
Logic gate
A logic gate is a device that performs a Boolean function, a logical operation performed on one or more binary inputs that produces a single binary output.
See Flash memory and Logic gate
Low-power electronics
Low-power electronics are electronics, such as notebook processors, that have been designed to use less electrical power than usual, often at some expense.
See Flash memory and Low-power electronics
MacBook Air
The MacBook Air is a line of laptop computers developed and manufactured by Apple since 2008.
See Flash memory and MacBook Air
Magnetoresistive RAM
Magnetoresistive random-access memory (MRAM) is a type of non-volatile random-access memory which stores data in magnetic domains. Flash memory and Magnetoresistive RAM are non-volatile memory.
See Flash memory and Magnetoresistive RAM
Megabit
The megabit is a multiple of the unit bit for digital information.
Memory address
In computing, a memory address is a reference to a specific memory location used at various levels by software and hardware. Flash memory and memory address are computer memory.
See Flash memory and Memory address
Memory card
A memory card is an electronic data storage device used for storing digital information, typically using flash memory.
See Flash memory and Memory card
Memory cell (computing)
The memory cell is the fundamental building block of computer memory. Flash memory and memory cell (computing) are computer memory.
See Flash memory and Memory cell (computing)
Memory management unit
A memory management unit (MMU), sometimes called paged memory management unit (PMMU), is a computer hardware unit that examines all memory references on the memory bus, translating these requests, known as virtual memory addresses, into physical addresses in main memory.
See Flash memory and Memory management unit
Memory paging
In computer operating systems, memory paging (or swapping on some Unix-like systems) is a memory management scheme by which a computer stores and retrieves data from secondary storage for use in main memory.
See Flash memory and Memory paging
Memory Stick
The Memory Stick is a removable flash memory card format, originally launched by Sony in late 1998.
See Flash memory and Memory Stick
Memory Technology Device
A Memory Technology Device (MTD) is a type of device file in Linux for interacting with flash memory.
See Flash memory and Memory Technology Device
Metadata (or metainformation) is "data that provides information about other data", but not the content of the data itself, such as the text of a message or the image itself.
Metric prefix
A metric prefix is a unit prefix that precedes a basic unit of measure to indicate a multiple or submultiple of the unit.
See Flash memory and Metric prefix
Microcontroller
A microcontroller (MC, UC, or μC) or microcontroller unit (MCU) is a small computer on a single integrated circuit.
See Flash memory and Microcontroller
Micrometre
The micrometre (Commonwealth English) as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: μm) or micrometer (American English), also commonly known by the non-SI term micron, is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI) equalling (SI standard prefix "micro-".
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Micron Technology
Micron Technology, Inc. is an American producer of computer memory and computer data storage including dynamic random-access memory, flash memory, and USB flash drives.
See Flash memory and Micron Technology
Microsoft
Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Redmond, Washington.
See Flash memory and Microsoft
Military technology
Military technology is the application of technology for use in warfare.
See Flash memory and Military technology
Mobile device
A mobile device or handheld computer is a computer small enough to hold and operate in hand.
See Flash memory and Mobile device
Mobile phone
A mobile phone or cell phone is a portable telephone that can make and receive calls over a radio frequency link while the user is moving within a telephone service area, as opposed to a fixed-location phone (landline phone).
See Flash memory and Mobile phone
Mohamed M. Atalla
Mohamed M. Atalla (محمد عطاالله; August 4, 1924 – December 30, 2009) was an Egyptian-American engineer, physicist, cryptographer, inventor and entrepreneur.
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Moore's law
Moore's law is the observation that the number of transistors in an integrated circuit (IC) doubles about every two years.
See Flash memory and Moore's law
MOSFET
W and controlling a load of over 2000 W. A matchstick is pictured for scale. In electronics, the metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET, MOS-FET, or MOS FET) is a type of field-effect transistor (FET), most commonly fabricated by the controlled oxidation of silicon.
Multi-level cell
In electronics, a multi-level cell (MLC) is a memory cell capable of storing more than a single bit of information, compared to a single-level cell (SLC), which can store only one bit per memory cell. Flash memory and multi-level cell are computer memory and non-volatile memory.
See Flash memory and Multi-level cell
MultiMediaCard, officially abbreviated as MMC, is a memory card standard used for solid-state storage.
See Flash memory and MultiMediaCard
NAND gate
In digital electronics, a NAND gate (NOT-AND) is a logic gate which produces an output which is false only if all its inputs are true; thus its output is complement to that of an AND gate.
See Flash memory and NAND gate
Nanometre
molecular scale. The nanometre (international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: nm), or nanometer (American spelling), is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), equal to one billionth (short scale) of a meter (0.000000001 m) and to 1000 picometres.
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Nanosecond
A nanosecond (ns) is a unit of time in the International System of Units (SI) equal to one billionth of a second, that is, of a second, or 10 seconds.
See Flash memory and Nanosecond
National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University
National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) is a public research university in Taipei and Hsinchu, Taiwan.
See Flash memory and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University
NEC
is a Japanese multinational information technology and electronics corporation, headquartered at the NEC Supertower in Minato, Tokyo, Japan.
Nibble
In computing, a nibble (occasionally nybble, nyble, or nybl to match the spelling of byte) is a four-bit aggregation, or half an octet.
Nikkei Asia
Nikkei Asia, known as Nikkei Asian Review between 2013 and 2020, is a major Japan-based English-language weekly news magazine focused on the Asian continent, although it also covers broader international developments.
See Flash memory and Nikkei Asia
Nikkei, Inc.
is a Japanese media company which owns The Nikkei and the Financial Times.
See Flash memory and Nikkei, Inc.
Non-volatile memory
Non-volatile memory (NVM) or non-volatile storage is a type of computer memory that can retain stored information even after power is removed. Flash memory and non-volatile memory are computer memory.
See Flash memory and Non-volatile memory
NOR flash replacement
While flash memory remains one of the most popular storages in embedded systems because of its non-volatility, shock-resistance, small size, and low energy consumption, its application has grown much beyond its original design. Flash memory and NOR flash replacement are computer memory and non-volatile memory.
See Flash memory and NOR flash replacement
NOR gate
The NOR gate is a digital logic gate that implements logical NOR - it behaves according to the truth table to the right.
Numonyx
Numonyx was a semiconductor company making flash memories, which was founded on March 31, 2008, by Intel Corporation, STMicroelectronics and Francisco Partners.
NVM Express
NVM Express (NVMe) or Non-Volatile Memory Host Controller Interface Specification (NVMHCIS) is an open, logical-device interface specification for accessing a computer's non-volatile storage media usually attached via the PCI Express bus.
See Flash memory and NVM Express
NXP Semiconductors
NXP Semiconductors N.V. (NXP) is a Dutch semiconductor designer and manufacturer with headquarters in Eindhoven, Netherlands.
See Flash memory and NXP Semiconductors
Open NAND Flash Interface Working Group
The Open NAND Flash Interface Working Group (ONFI or ONFi with a lower case "i") is a consortium of technology companies working to develop open standards for NAND flash memory and devices that communicate with them. Flash memory and open NAND Flash Interface Working Group are computer memory and non-volatile memory.
See Flash memory and Open NAND Flash Interface Working Group
OpenWrt
OpenWrt (from open wireless router) is an open-source project for embedded operating systems based on Linux, primarily used on embedded devices to route network traffic.
Optical disc
An optical disc is a flat, usuallyNon-circular optical discs exist for fashion purposes; see shaped compact disc.
See Flash memory and Optical disc
Option ROM
An Option ROM for the PC platform (i.e. the IBM PC and derived successor computer systems) is a piece of firmware that resides in ROM on an expansion card (or stored along with the main system BIOS), which gets executed to initialize the device and (optionally) add support for the device to the BIOS.
See Flash memory and Option ROM
Overlay (programming)
In a general computing sense, overlaying means "the process of transferring a block of program code or other data into main memory, replacing what is already stored".
See Flash memory and Overlay (programming)
Patent
A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention for a limited period of time in exchange for publishing an enabling disclosure of the invention.
PC World
PC World (stylized as PCWorld) is a global computer magazine published monthly by IDG.
PCI Express
PCI Express (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express), officially abbreviated as PCIe or PCI-e, is a high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard, designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X and AGP bus standards.
See Flash memory and PCI Express
Personal digital assistant
A personal digital assistant (PDA) is a multi-purpose mobile device which functions as a personal information manager.
See Flash memory and Personal digital assistant
Phase-change memory
Phase-change memory (also known as PCM, PCME, PRAM, PCRAM, OUM (ovonic unified memory) and C-RAM or CRAM (chalcogenide RAM)) is a type of non-volatile random-access memory. Flash memory and Phase-change memory are computer memory.
See Flash memory and Phase-change memory
Pinout
In electronics, a pinout (sometimes written "pin-out") is a cross-reference between the contacts, or pins, of an electrical connector or electronic component, and their functions.
Polycrystalline silicon
Polycrystalline silicon, or multicrystalline silicon, also called polysilicon, poly-Si, or mc-Si, is a high purity, polycrystalline form of silicon, used as a raw material by the solar photovoltaic and electronics industry.
See Flash memory and Polycrystalline silicon
A portable media player (PMP) or digital audio player (DAP) is a portable consumer electronics device capable of storing and playing digital media such as audio, images, and video files.
See Flash memory and Portable media player
Printed circuit board
A printed circuit board (PCB), also called printed wiring board (PWB), is a medium used to connect or "wire" components to one another in a circuit.
See Flash memory and Printed circuit board
Proceedings of the IEEE
The Proceedings of the IEEE is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
See Flash memory and Proceedings of the IEEE
The programmable metallization cell, or PMC, is a non-volatile computer memory developed at Arizona State University. Flash memory and programmable metallization cell are computer memory and non-volatile memory.
See Flash memory and Programmable metallization cell
Programmable ROM
A programmable read-only memory (PROM) is a form of digital memory where the contents can be changed once after manufacture of the device. Flash memory and programmable ROM are computer memory and non-volatile memory.
See Flash memory and Programmable ROM
Rad (radiation unit)
The rad is a unit of absorbed radiation dose, defined as 1 rad.
See Flash memory and Rad (radiation unit)
RAID
RAID ("redundant array of inexpensive disks" or "redundant array of independent disks") is a data storage virtualization technology that combines multiple physical disk drive components into one or more logical units for the purposes of data redundancy, performance improvement, or both.
Random access
Random access (more precisely and more generally called direct access) is the ability to access an arbitrary element of a sequence in equal time or any datum from a population of addressable elements roughly as easily and efficiently as any other, no matter how many elements may be in the set. Flash memory and Random access are computer memory.
See Flash memory and Random access
Random-access memory
Random-access memory (RAM) is a form of electronic computer memory that can be read and changed in any order, typically used to store working data and machine code. Flash memory and Random-access memory are computer memory.
See Flash memory and Random-access memory
Read-mostly memory
Read-mostly memory (RMM) is a type of memory that can be read fast, but written to only slowly. Flash memory and read-mostly memory are computer memory and non-volatile memory.
See Flash memory and Read-mostly memory
Read-only memory
Read-only memory (ROM) is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices. Flash memory and Read-only memory are computer memory and non-volatile memory.
See Flash memory and Read-only memory
ReadyBoost
ReadyBoost (codenamed EMD) is a disk caching software component developed by Microsoft for Windows Vista and included in later versions of Windows.
See Flash memory and ReadyBoost
Reed–Solomon error correction
Reed–Solomon codes are a group of error-correcting codes that were introduced by Irving S. Reed and Gustave Solomon in 1960.
See Flash memory and Reed–Solomon error correction
RELX
RELX plc (pronounced "Rel-ex") is a British multinational information and analytics company headquartered in London, England.
Renesas Electronics
is a Japanese semiconductor manufacturer headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, initially incorporated in 2002 as Renesas Technology, the consolidated entity of the semiconductor units of Hitachi and Mitsubishi excluding their dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) businesses, to which NEC Electronics merged in 2010, resulting in a minor change in the corporate name and logo to as it is now.
See Flash memory and Renesas Electronics
Resistive random-access memory
Resistive random-access memory (ReRAM or RRAM) is a type of non-volatile (NV) random-access (RAM) computer memory that works by changing the resistance across a dielectric solid-state material, often referred to as a memristor. Flash memory and Resistive random-access memory are computer memory.
See Flash memory and Resistive random-access memory
Reuters
Reuters is a news agency owned by Thomson Reuters.
Rework (electronics)
In electronics, rework (or re-work) is the repair or refinish of a printed circuit board (PCB) assembly, usually involving desoldering and re-soldering of surface-mounted electronic components (SMD).
See Flash memory and Rework (electronics)
Router (computing)
A router is a computer and networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks, including internetworks such as the global Internet.
See Flash memory and Router (computing)
Routing (electronic design automation)
In electronic design, wire routing, commonly called simply routing, is a step in the design of printed circuit boards (PCBs) and integrated circuits (ICs).
See Flash memory and Routing (electronic design automation)
Samsung
Samsung Group (stylised as SΛMSUNG) is a South Korean multinational manufacturing conglomerate headquartered in Samsung Digital City, Suwon, South Korea.
Samsung Electronics
Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (sometimes shortened to SEC and stylized as SΛMSUNG) is a South Korean multinational major appliance and consumer electronics corporation headquartered in Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, South Korea. It is currently the pinnacle of the Samsung chaebol, accounting for 70% of the group's revenue in 2012.
See Flash memory and Samsung Electronics
SanDisk
SanDisk LLC is an American multinational computer technology company based in Milpitas, California.
Scientific instrument
A scientific instrument is a device or tool used for scientific purposes, including the study of both natural phenomena and theoretical research.
See Flash memory and Scientific instrument
SD card
Secure Digital, officially abbreviated as SD, is a proprietary, non-volatile, flash memory card format the SD Association (SDA) developed for use in portable devices. Flash memory and SD card are Japanese inventions.
Seagate Technology
Seagate Technology Holdings plc is an American data storage company.
See Flash memory and Seagate Technology
Seeking Alpha
Seeking Alpha is a crowd-sourced content service that publishes news on financial markets.
See Flash memory and Seeking Alpha
Semiconductor device fabrication
Semiconductor device fabrication is the process used to manufacture semiconductor devices, typically integrated circuits (ICs) such as computer processors, microcontrollers, and memory chips (such as NAND flash and DRAM).
See Flash memory and Semiconductor device fabrication
Semiconductor memory
Semiconductor memory is a digital electronic semiconductor device used for digital data storage, such as computer memory. Flash memory and semiconductor memory are computer memory.
See Flash memory and Semiconductor memory
Serial Peripheral Interface
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) is a ''de facto'' standard (with many variants) for synchronous serial communication, used primarily in embedded systems for short-distance wired communication between integrated circuits.
See Flash memory and Serial Peripheral Interface
Serial presence detect
In computing, serial presence detect (SPD) is a standardized way to automatically access information about a memory module. Flash memory and serial presence detect are computer memory.
See Flash memory and Serial presence detect
Set-top box
A set-top box (STB), also known as a cable box, receiver, or simply box, and historically television decoder or a converter, is an information appliance device that generally contains a TV tuner input and displays output to a television set, turning the source signal into content in a form that can then be displayed on the television screen or other display device.
See Flash memory and Set-top box
Silicon nitride
Silicon nitride is a chemical compound of the elements silicon and nitrogen.
See Flash memory and Silicon nitride
Simon Sze
Simon Min Sze, or Shi Min (21 March 1936 – 6 November 2023), was a Taiwanese-American electrical engineer.
See Flash memory and Simon Sze
SK Hynix
SK hynix Inc. (에스케이하이닉스 주식회사) is a South Korean supplier of dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) chips and flash memory chips.
SmartMedia is an obsolete flash memory card standard owned by Toshiba, with capacities ranging from 2 MB to 128 MB.
See Flash memory and SmartMedia
Smartphone
A smartphone, often simply called a phone, is a mobile device that combines the functionality of a traditional mobile phone with advanced computing capabilities.
See Flash memory and Smartphone
Smithsonian Institution
The Smithsonian Institution, or simply the Smithsonian, is a group of museums, education and research centers, the largest such complex in the world, created by the U.S. government "for the increase and diffusion of knowledge." Founded on August 10, 1846, it operates as a trust instrumentality and is not formally a part of any of the three branches of the federal government.
See Flash memory and Smithsonian Institution
Solid-state drive
A solid-state drive (SSD) is a solid-state storage device. Flash memory and solid-state drive are 20th-century inventions and non-volatile memory.
See Flash memory and Solid-state drive
Solid-state storage
Solid-state storage (SSS) is non-volatile computer storage that has no moving parts; it uses only electronic circuits.
See Flash memory and Solid-state storage
SONOS
SONOS, short for "silicon–oxide–nitride–oxide–silicon", more precisely, "polycrystalline silicon"—"silicon dioxide"—"silicon nitride"—"silicon dioxide"—"silicon", is a cross sectional structure of MOSFET (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor), realized by P.C.Y. Flash memory and SONOS are computer memory and non-volatile memory.
Sony
, formerly known as and, commonly known as Sony, is a Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan.
South Korea
South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia.
See Flash memory and South Korea
Spansion
Spansion Inc. was an American-based company that designed, developed, and manufactured flash memory, microcontrollers, mixed-signal and analog products, and system-on-chip (SoC) solutions.
Springer Publishing
Springer Publishing Company is an American publishing company of academic journals and books, focusing on the fields of nursing, gerontology, psychology, social work, counseling, public health, and rehabilitation (neuropsychology).
See Flash memory and Springer Publishing
Springer Science+Business Media, commonly known as Springer, is a German multinational publishing company of books, e-books and peer-reviewed journals in science, humanities, technical and medical (STM) publishing.
See Flash memory and Springer Science+Business Media
Static random-access memory
Static random-access memory (static RAM or SRAM) is a type of random-access memory (RAM) that uses latching circuitry (flip-flop) to store each bit. Flash memory and Static random-access memory are computer memory.
See Flash memory and Static random-access memory
Statista
Statista (styled in all lower case) is a German online platform that specializes in data gathering and visualization.
STMicroelectronics
STMicroelectronics NV (commonly referred to as ST or STMicro) is a multinational corporation and technology company of French-Italian origin.
See Flash memory and STMicroelectronics
Storage area network
A storage area network (SAN) or storage network is a computer network which provides access to consolidated, block-level data storage.
See Flash memory and Storage area network
Sun Microsystems
Sun Microsystems, Inc. (Sun for short) was an American technology company that sold computers, computer components, software, and information technology services and created the Java programming language, the Solaris operating system, ZFS, the Network File System (NFS), and SPARC microprocessors.
See Flash memory and Sun Microsystems
Synthesizer
A synthesizer (also synthesiser, or simply synth) is an electronic musical instrument that generates audio signals.
See Flash memory and Synthesizer
System on a chip
A system on a chip or system-on-chip (SoC; pl. SoCs) is an integrated circuit that integrates most or all components of a computer or other electronic system.
See Flash memory and System on a chip
Texas Instruments
Texas Instruments Incorporated (TI) is an American multinational semiconductor company headquartered in Dallas, Texas.
See Flash memory and Texas Instruments
The Economist
The Economist is a British weekly newspaper published in printed magazine format and digitally.
See Flash memory and The Economist
The Korea Times
The Korea Times is a daily English-language newspaper in South Korea.
See Flash memory and The Korea Times
The Register
The Register is a British technology news website co-founded in 1994 by Mike Magee and John Lettice.
See Flash memory and The Register
Thermodynamic temperature
Thermodynamic temperature is a quantity defined in thermodynamics as distinct from kinetic theory or statistical mechanics.
See Flash memory and Thermodynamic temperature
Thin client
In computer networking, a thin client, sometimes called slim client or lean client, is a simple (low-performance) computer that has been optimized for establishing a remote connection with a server-based computing environment.
See Flash memory and Thin client
Thin small outline package
Thin small outline package (TSOP) is a type of surface mount IC package.
See Flash memory and Thin small outline package
Three-dimensional integrated circuit
A three-dimensional integrated circuit (3D IC) is a MOS (metal-oxide semiconductor) integrated circuit (IC) manufactured by stacking as many as 16 or more ICs and interconnecting them vertically using, for instance, through-silicon vias (TSVs) or Cu-Cu connections, so that they behave as a single device to achieve performance improvements at reduced power and smaller footprint than conventional two dimensional processes. Flash memory and three-dimensional integrated circuit are Japanese inventions.
See Flash memory and Three-dimensional integrated circuit
Threshold voltage
The threshold voltage, commonly abbreviated as Vth or VGS(th), of a field-effect transistor (FET) is the minimum gate-to-source voltage (VGS) that is needed to create a conducting path between the source and drain terminals.
See Flash memory and Threshold voltage
Through-silicon via
In electronic engineering, a through-silicon via (TSV) or through-chip via is a vertical electrical connection (via) that passes completely through a silicon wafer or die.
See Flash memory and Through-silicon via
Tom's Hardware
Tom's Hardware is an online publication owned by Future plc and focused on technology.
See Flash memory and Tom's Hardware
Toshiba
is a Japanese multinational electronics company headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan.
Transistor count
The transistor count is the number of transistors in an electronic device (typically on a single substrate or silicon die).
See Flash memory and Transistor count
Tunnel injection
Tunnel injection is a field electron emission effect; specifically a quantum process called Fowler–Nordheim tunneling, whereby charge carriers are injected to an electric conductor through a thin layer of an electric insulator.
See Flash memory and Tunnel injection
Ultrabook
Ultrabook is a marketing term, originated and trademarked by Intel, for a category of high-end laptop computers.
See Flash memory and Ultrabook
Universal Flash Storage
Universal Flash Storage (UFS) is a flash storage specification for digital cameras, mobile phones and consumer electronic devices.
See Flash memory and Universal Flash Storage
University of Minnesota
The University of Minnesota (formally the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities), colloquially referred to as "The U", is a public land-grant research university in the Twin Cities of Minneapolis and Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States.
See Flash memory and University of Minnesota
USB
Universal Serial Bus (USB) is an industry standard that allows data exchange and delivery of power between many types of electronics. Flash memory and USB are Japanese inventions.
USB flash drive
A flash drive (also thumb drive, memory stick, and pen drive/pendrive elsewhere) is a data storage device that includes flash memory with an integrated USB interface.
See Flash memory and USB flash drive
USB flash drive security
Secure USB flash drives protect the data stored on them from access by unauthorized users. Flash memory and USB flash drive security are non-volatile memory.
See Flash memory and USB flash drive security
Very-large-scale integration
Very-large-scale integration (VLSI) is the process of creating an integrated circuit (IC) by combining millions or billions of MOS transistors onto a single chip.
See Flash memory and Very-large-scale integration
Video game
A video game or computer game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface or input device (such as a joystick, controller, keyboard, or motion sensing device) to generate visual feedback from a display device, most commonly shown in a video format on a television set, computer monitor, flat-panel display or touchscreen on handheld devices, or a virtual reality headset.
See Flash memory and Video game
Virtual memory
In computing, virtual memory, or virtual storage, is a memory management technique that provides an "idealized abstraction of the storage resources that are actually available on a given machine" which "creates the illusion to users of a very large (main) memory".
See Flash memory and Virtual memory
Wafer (electronics)
In electronics, a wafer (also called a slice or substrate) is a thin slice of semiconductor, such as a crystalline silicon (c-Si, silicium), used for the fabrication of integrated circuits and, in photovoltaics, to manufacture solar cells.
See Flash memory and Wafer (electronics)
Wear leveling
Wear leveling (also written as wear levelling) is a technique Wear leveling techniques for flash memory systems. Flash memory and wear leveling are computer memory and non-volatile memory.
See Flash memory and Wear leveling
Western Digital
Western Digital Corporation (WDC, commonly known as Western Digital or WD) is an American computer drive manufacturer and data storage company, headquartered in San Jose, California.
See Flash memory and Western Digital
Winbond
Winbond Electronics Corporation is a Taiwan-based corporation founded in 1987.
Wire bonding
Wire bonding is a method of making interconnections between an integrated circuit (IC) or other semiconductor device and its packaging during semiconductor device fabrication.
See Flash memory and Wire bonding
Woodhead Publishing
Woodhead Publishing Limited was established in 1989 as an independent international publishing company of science and technical books.
See Flash memory and Woodhead Publishing
Word (computer architecture)
In computing, a word is the natural unit of data used by a particular processor design.
See Flash memory and Word (computer architecture)
Write amplification
Write amplification (WA) is an undesirable phenomenon associated with flash memory and solid-state drives (SSDs) where the actual amount of information physically written to the storage media is a multiple of the logical amount intended to be written.
See Flash memory and Write amplification
XD-Picture Card
The xD-Picture Card is an obsolete form of flash memory card, used in digital cameras made by Olympus, Fujifilm, and Kodak during the 2000s.
See Flash memory and XD-Picture Card
YAFFS
Yaffs (Yet Another Flash File System) is a file system designed and written by Charles Manning for the company Aleph One.
Yahoo! News
Yahoo! News is a news website that originated as an internet-based news aggregator by Yahoo!.
See Flash memory and Yahoo! News
ZDNET
ZDNET is a business technology news website owned and operated by Red Ventures.
10 nm process
In semiconductor fabrication, the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) defines the "10 nanometer process" as the MOSFET technology node following the "14 nm" node.
See Flash memory and 10 nm process
14 nm process
The "14 nanometer process" refers to a marketing term for the MOSFET technology node that is the successor to the "22nbspnm" (or "20nm") node.
See Flash memory and 14 nm process
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_memory
Also known as 3D NAND, 3D V-NAND, 3D VNAND, 3D vertical NAND, Compact flash recovery, FLASH ROM, Flash EEPROM, Flash Memory Data Identification, Flash Memory Data Recognize, Flash Memory Disk Cache, Flash Memory hot data on-line identify, Flash RAM, Flash chip, Flash devices, Flash driver, Flash media, Flash memory degradation, Flash storage, FlashROM, History of flash memory, Memory wear, MoviNAND, NAND Flash, NAND Flash Memory, NAND flash drive, NOR flash, NOR flash memory, Nand memory, P/E cycle, Program-erase cycle, Read disturb, Serial flash, V-NAND, VNAND, Vertical NAND.
, Dynamic random-access memory, EE Times, EEPROM, Electric field, Electric-field screening, Electronics, Electronics Weekly, Embedded system, Engadget, EPROM, Error correction code, Error detection and correction, EWeek, Executable, Execute in place, Expansion card, ExtremeTech, Feature phone, Ferroelectric RAM, Field electron emission, Field-programmable gate array, Firmware, Flash (photography), Flash memory, Flash memory controller, Floating-gate MOSFET, Forbes, Fujio Masuoka, Fujitsu, Garbage collection (computer science), Gigabyte, Global Positioning System, GSM, Hamming code, Hard disk drive, Hot-carrier injection, HowStuffWorks, Hybrid drive, IEEE Electron Device Letters, IHS Markit, Industrial robot, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, Integrated circuit, Intel, Intel HEX, International Data Group, International Electron Devices Meeting, International Solid-State Circuits Conference, International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors, Kingston Technology, Kioxia, Land grid array, List of file systems, List of flash memory controller manufacturers, List of integrated circuit packaging types, List of semiconductor scale examples, Logic gate, Low-power electronics, MacBook Air, Magnetoresistive RAM, Megabit, Memory address, Memory card, Memory cell (computing), Memory management unit, Memory paging, Memory Stick, Memory Technology Device, Metadata, Metric prefix, Microcontroller, Micrometre, Micron Technology, Microsoft, Military technology, Mobile device, Mobile phone, Mohamed M. Atalla, Moore's law, MOSFET, Multi-level cell, MultiMediaCard, NAND gate, Nanometre, Nanosecond, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, NEC, Nibble, Nikkei Asia, Nikkei, Inc., Non-volatile memory, NOR flash replacement, NOR gate, Numonyx, NVM Express, NXP Semiconductors, Open NAND Flash Interface Working Group, OpenWrt, Optical disc, Option ROM, Overlay (programming), Patent, PC World, PCI Express, Personal digital assistant, Phase-change memory, Pinout, Polycrystalline silicon, Portable media player, Printed circuit board, Proceedings of the IEEE, Programmable metallization cell, Programmable ROM, Rad (radiation unit), RAID, Random access, Random-access memory, Read-mostly memory, Read-only memory, ReadyBoost, Reed–Solomon error correction, RELX, Renesas Electronics, Resistive random-access memory, Reuters, Rework (electronics), Router (computing), Routing (electronic design automation), Samsung, Samsung Electronics, SanDisk, Scientific instrument, SD card, Seagate Technology, Seeking Alpha, Semiconductor device fabrication, Semiconductor memory, Serial Peripheral Interface, Serial presence detect, Set-top box, Silicon nitride, Simon Sze, SK Hynix, SmartMedia, Smartphone, Smithsonian Institution, Solid-state drive, Solid-state storage, SONOS, Sony, South Korea, Spansion, Springer Publishing, Springer Science+Business Media, Static random-access memory, Statista, STMicroelectronics, Storage area network, Sun Microsystems, Synthesizer, System on a chip, Texas Instruments, The Economist, The Korea Times, The Register, Thermodynamic temperature, Thin client, Thin small outline package, Three-dimensional integrated circuit, Threshold voltage, Through-silicon via, Tom's Hardware, Toshiba, Transistor count, Tunnel injection, Ultrabook, Universal Flash Storage, University of Minnesota, USB, USB flash drive, USB flash drive security, Very-large-scale integration, Video game, Virtual memory, Wafer (electronics), Wear leveling, Western Digital, Winbond, Wire bonding, Woodhead Publishing, Word (computer architecture), Write amplification, XD-Picture Card, YAFFS, Yahoo! News, ZDNET, 10 nm process, 14 nm process.