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Flight to Varennes, the Glossary

The royal Flight to Varennes (Fuite à Varennes) during the night of 20–21 June 1791 was a significant event in the French Revolution in which King Louis XVI of France, Queen Marie Antoinette, and their immediate family unsuccessfully attempted to escape from Paris to Montmédy, where the King wished to initiate a counter-revolution by joining up with royalist troops.^[1]

62 relations: Abolition of feudalism in France, Antoine Barnave, Armoire de fer, Assignat, Axel von Fersen the Younger, Élisabeth of France, Brunswick Manifesto, Champ de Mars, Champ de Mars massacre, Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick, Châlons-en-Champagne, Cordeliers, Counter-revolutionary, Day of Daggers, Execution of Louis XVI, François Claude Amour, marquis de Bouillé, French Constitution of 1791, French First Republic, French Revolution, French Royal Army, Fromentières, Marne, Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, Girondins, Gustav III, Habsburg monarchy, Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau, Insurrection of 10 August 1792, Jacobins, Jean-Baptiste Drouet (revolutionary), Kingdom of France (1791–92), Legislative Assembly (France), List of French monarchs, List of Swedish monarchs, Louis Auguste Le Tonnelier de Breteuil, Louis XVI, Louis XVII, Louis XVIII, Louise Élisabeth de Croÿ, Marie Antoinette, Montmédy, Nancy affair, National Constituent Assembly (France), National Convention, National Guard (France), Palace of Versailles, Paris, Proclamation of the abolition of the monarchy, Project Gutenberg, Republic, Republicanism, ... Expand index (12 more) »
1791 events of the French Revolution
1791 in France
Diplomatic crises of the 18th century
History of Meuse (department)
Louis XVI
Marie Antoinette

Abolition of feudalism in France

One of the central events of the French Revolution was the abolition of feudalism, and the old rules, taxes, and privileges left over from the ancien régime.

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Antoine Barnave

Antoine Pierre Joseph Marie Barnave (22 October 176129 November 1793) was a French politician, and, together with Honoré Mirabeau, one of the most influential orators of the early part of the French Revolution.

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Armoire de fer

L'armoire de fer (French: 'iron chest') in general refers to an iron chest used to house important papers.

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Assignat

An assignat was a monetary instrument, an order to pay, used during the time of the French Revolution, and the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Axel von Fersen the Younger

Hans Axel von Fersen (4 September 175520 June 1810), known as Axel de Fersen in France, was a Swedish count, Marshal of the Realm of Sweden, a General of Horse in the royal Swedish Army, one of the Lords of the Realm, aide-de-camp to Rochambeau in the American Revolutionary War, diplomat and statesman, and a friend of Queen Marie-Antoinette of France.

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Élisabeth of France

Élisabeth Philippe Marie Hélène of France (3 May 1764 – 10 May 1794), also known as Madame Élisabeth, was a French princess.

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Brunswick Manifesto

The Brunswick Manifesto was a proclamation issued by Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick, commander of the Allied army (principally Austrian and Prussian), on 25 July 1792 to the population of Paris, France during the War of the First Coalition.

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Champ de Mars

The Champ de Mars (Field of Mars) is a large public greenspace in Paris, France, located in the seventh ''arrondissement'', between the Eiffel Tower to the northwest and the École Militaire to the southeast.

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Champ de Mars massacre

The Champ de Mars massacre took place on 17 July 1791 in Paris at the Champ de Mars against a crowd of republican protesters amid the French Revolution. Flight to Varennes and Champ de Mars massacre are 1791 events of the French Revolution.

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Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick

Charles William Ferdinand (Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand; 9 October 1735 – 10 November 1806) was the prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and a military leader.

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Châlons-en-Champagne

Châlons-en-Champagne is a city in the Grand Est region of France.

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Cordeliers

The Society of the Friends of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (Société des Amis des droits de l'homme et du citoyen), mainly known as Cordeliers Club (Club des Cordeliers), was a populist political club during the French Revolution from 1790 to 1794, when the Reign of Terror ended and the Thermidorian Reaction began.

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Counter-revolutionary

A counter-revolutionary or an anti-revolutionary is anyone who opposes or resists a revolution, particularly one who acts after a revolution in order to try to overturn it or reverse its course, in full or in part.

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Day of Daggers

On the Day of Daggers (French: Journée des Poignards), 28 February 1791, hundreds of nobles with concealed weapons such as daggers went to the Tuileries Palace, in Paris, to defend King Louis XVI while Marquis de Lafayette led the National Guard in Vincennes to stop a riot. Flight to Varennes and day of Daggers are 1791 events of the French Revolution.

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Execution of Louis XVI

Louis XVI, former King of France since the abolition of the monarchy, was publicly executed on 21 January 1793 during the French Revolution at the Place de la Révolution in Paris. Flight to Varennes and Execution of Louis XVI are Louis XVI.

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François Claude Amour, marquis de Bouillé

François Claude Amour, marquis de Bouillé (19 November 1739 – 14 November 1800) was a French general and colonial administrator.

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French Constitution of 1791

The French Constitution of 1791 (Constitution française du 3 septembre 1791) was the first written constitution in France, created after the collapse of the absolute monarchy of the Ancien Régime. Flight to Varennes and French Constitution of 1791 are 1791 events of the French Revolution.

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French First Republic

In the history of France, the First Republic (Première République), sometimes referred to in historiography as Revolutionary France, and officially the French Republic (République française), was founded on 21 September 1792 during the French Revolution.

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French Revolution

The French Revolution was a period of political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789, and ended with the coup of 18 Brumaire in November 1799 and the formation of the French Consulate.

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French Royal Army

The French Royal Army (Armée Royale Française) was the principal land force of the Kingdom of France.

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Fromentières, Marne

Fromentières is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France.

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Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette

Marie-Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert du Motier de La Fayette, Marquis de La Fayette (6 September 1757 – 20 May 1834), known in the United States as Lafayette, was a French nobleman and military officer who volunteered to join the Continental Army, led by General George Washington, in the American Revolutionary War.

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Girondins

The Girondins, or Girondists, were a political group during the French Revolution.

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Gustav III

Gustav III (29 March 1792), also called Gustavus III, was King of Sweden from 1771 until his assassination in 1792.

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Habsburg monarchy

The Habsburg monarchy, also known as Habsburg Empire, or Habsburg Realm, was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities that were ruled by the House of Habsburg.

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Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau

Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, Count of Mirabeau (9 March 17492 April 1791) was a French writer, orator, statesman and a prominent figure of the early stages of the French Revolution.

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Insurrection of 10 August 1792

The insurrection of 10 August 1792 was a defining event of the French Revolution, when armed revolutionaries in Paris, increasingly in conflict with the French monarchy, stormed the Tuileries Palace. Flight to Varennes and insurrection of 10 August 1792 are Louis XVI.

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Jacobins

The Society of the Friends of the Constitution (Société des amis de la Constitution), renamed the Society of the Jacobins, Friends of Freedom and Equality (Société des Jacobins, amis de la liberté et de l'égalité) after 1792 and commonly known as the Jacobin Club (Club des Jacobins) or simply the Jacobins, was the most influential political club during the French Revolution of 1789.

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Jean-Baptiste Drouet (revolutionary)

Jean-Baptiste Drouet (8 January 1763 – 11 April 1824) was a French politician of the Revolution and the Empire, best known for his key role in the arrest of King Louis XVI and his family during the Flight to Varennes.

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Kingdom of France (1791–92)

The Kingdom of France (the remnant of the preceding absolutist Kingdom of France) was a constitutional monarchy from 3 September 1791 until 21 September 1792, when it was succeeded by the French First Republic. Flight to Varennes and Kingdom of France (1791–92) are Louis XVI.

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Legislative Assembly (France)

The Legislative Assembly (Assemblée législative) was the legislature of the Kingdom of France from 1 October 1791 to 20 September 1792 during the years of the French Revolution. Flight to Varennes and Legislative Assembly (France) are 1791 events of the French Revolution.

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List of French monarchs

France was ruled by monarchs from the establishment of the Kingdom of West Francia in 843 until the end of the Second French Empire in 1870, with several interruptions.

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List of Swedish monarchs

This list records the monarchs of Sweden, from the late Viking Age to the present day.

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Louis Auguste Le Tonnelier de Breteuil

Louis Charles Auguste Le Tonnelier, Baron de Breteuil, Baron de Preuilly (7 March 1730 – 2 November 1807) was a French aristocrat, diplomat and statesman.

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Louis XVI

Louis XVI (Louis Auguste;; 23 August 175421 January 1793) was the last king of France before the fall of the monarchy during the French Revolution.

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Louis XVII

Louis XVII (born Louis Charles, Duke of Normandy; 27 March 1785 – 8 June 1795) was the younger son of King Louis XVI of France and Queen Marie Antoinette.

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Louis XVIII

Louis XVIII (Louis Stanislas Xavier; 17 November 1755 – 16 September 1824), known as the Desired, was King of France from 1814 to 1824, except for a brief interruption during the Hundred Days in 1815.

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Louise Élisabeth de Croÿ

Louise-Élisabeth de Croÿ (Louise Élisabeth Félicité Françoise Armande Anne Marie Jeanne Joséphine; 11 June 1749 – 15 May 1832) was a French noblewoman and courtier, as the Marquise of Tourzel.

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Marie Antoinette

Marie Antoinette (Maria Antoina Josefa Johanna; 2 November 1755 – 16 October 1793) was the last queen consort of France prior to the French Revolution as the wife of King Louis XVI. Flight to Varennes and Marie Antoinette are Louis XVI.

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Montmédy

Montmédy (Mittelberg) is a commune in the Meuse department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

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Nancy affair

The Nancy affair (Affaire de Nancy), commonly referred to in English as the Nancy Mutiny, was the crushing of a military mutiny in France on 31 August 1790, two years before the final overthrow of the French monarchy.

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National Constituent Assembly (France)

The National Constituent Assembly (Assemblée nationale constituante) was a constituent assembly in the Kingdom of France formed from the National Assembly on 9 July 1789 during the first stages of the French Revolution. Flight to Varennes and national Constituent Assembly (France) are 1791 events of the French Revolution.

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National Convention

The National Convention (Convention nationale) was the constituent assembly of the Kingdom of France for one day and the French First Republic for its first three years during the French Revolution, following the two-year National Constituent Assembly and the one-year Legislative Assembly.

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National Guard (France)

The National Guard (Garde nationale) is a French military, gendarmerie, and police reserve force, active in its current form since 2016 but originally founded in 1789 during the French Revolution.

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Palace of Versailles

The Palace of Versailles (château de Versailles) is a former royal residence commissioned by King Louis XIV located in Versailles, about west of Paris, France.

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Paris

Paris is the capital and largest city of France.

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Proclamation of the abolition of the monarchy

During the French Revolution, the proclamation of the abolition of the monarchy (French: Proclamation de l'abolition de la royauté) was a proclamation by the National Convention of France announcing that it had abolished the French monarchy on 21 September 1792, giving birth to the French First Republic. Flight to Varennes and proclamation of the abolition of the monarchy are Louis XVI.

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Project Gutenberg

Project Gutenberg (PG) is a volunteer effort to digitize and archive cultural works, as well as to "encourage the creation and distribution of eBooks." It was founded in 1971 by American writer Michael S. Hart and is the oldest digital library.

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Republic

A republic, based on the Latin phrase res publica ('public affair'), is a state in which political power rests with the public through their representatives—in contrast to a monarchy.

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Republicanism

Republicanism is a Western political ideology that encompasses a range of ideas from civic virtue, political participation, harms of corruption, positives of mixed constitution, rule of law, and others.

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Sainte-Menehould

Sainte-Menehould (Sankt Mathilde) is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France.

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Square du Temple

The Square du Temple is a garden in Paris, France in the 3rd arrondissement, established in 1857.

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Stanley Loomis

Stanley Loomis (21 December 1922 – 19 December 1972) was the author of four books on French history: Du Barry (1959), Paris in the Terror (1964), A Crime of Passion (1967), and The Fatal Friendship (1972).

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Swiss mercenaries

The Swiss mercenaries (Reisläufer) were a powerful infantry force constituted by professional soldiers originating from the cantons of the Old Swiss Confederacy.

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The Federal Diet of Switzerland (Tagsatzung,; Diète fédérale; Dieta federale) was the legislative and executive council of the Old Swiss Confederacy and existed in various forms from the beginnings of Swiss independence until the formation of the Swiss federal state in 1848.

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Timothy Tackett

Timothy Tackett (born 1945) is an American historian specializing in the French Revolution and professor emeritus at the University of California, Irvine.

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Trial of Louis XVI

The trial of Louis XVI—officially called "Citizen Louis Capet" since being dethroned—before the National Convention in December 1792 was a key event of the French Revolution. Flight to Varennes and trial of Louis XVI are Louis XVI.

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Tuileries Palace

The Tuileries Palace (Palais des Tuileries) was a royal and imperial palace in Paris which stood on the right bank of the Seine, directly in front of the Louvre Palace. Flight to Varennes and Tuileries Palace are Louis XVI.

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Varennes-en-Argonne

Varennes-en-Argonne (literally Varennes in Argonne) or simply Varennes (German: Wöringen) is a commune in the Meuse department in the Grand Est region in Northeastern France. Flight to Varennes and Varennes-en-Argonne are Louis XVI.

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Vincennes

Vincennes is a commune in the Val-de-Marne department in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France.

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War of the First Coalition

The War of the First Coalition (Guerre de la Première Coalition) was a set of wars that several European powers fought between 1792 and 1797, initially against the constitutional Kingdom of France and then the French Republic that succeeded it.

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Women's March on Versailles

The Women's March on Versailles, also known as the October March, the October Days or simply the March on Versailles, was one of the earliest and most significant events of the French Revolution. Flight to Varennes and Women's March on Versailles are Louis XVI.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_to_Varennes

Also known as Fled to Varennes, Flight of Varennes.

, Sainte-Menehould, Square du Temple, Stanley Loomis, Swiss mercenaries, Tagsatzung, Timothy Tackett, Trial of Louis XVI, Tuileries Palace, Varennes-en-Argonne, Vincennes, War of the First Coalition, Women's March on Versailles.

Flight to Varennes, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

1791 events of the French Revolution

1791 in France

Diplomatic crises of the 18th century

History of Meuse (department)

Louis XVI

Marie Antoinette

References