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Formal linguistics, the Glossary

Formal linguistics is the branch of linguistics which uses applied mathematical methods for the analysis of natural languages.^[1]

37 relations: Applied mathematics, Charles F. Hockett, Charles Sanders Peirce, Computational linguistics, David Hilbert, Dependency grammar, Dependency relation, Discourse, First-order logic, Formal grammar, Formal language, Formal semantics (natural language), Functional discourse grammar, Functional generative description, Generative grammar, Head-driven phrase structure grammar, Human genome, John Rupert Firth, Leonard Bloomfield, Linguistics, Louis Hjelmslev, Lucien Tesnière, Mutation, Natural language, Natural language processing, Object (grammar), Pragmatics, Quantitative linguistics, Rudolf Carnap, Semiotics, Simon C. Dik, Structural linguistics, Systemic functional linguistics, Völkerpsychologie, Verb phrase, Wilhelm Wundt, Zellig Harris.
Formal sciences

Applied mathematics

Applied mathematics is the application of mathematical methods by different fields such as physics, engineering, medicine, biology, finance, business, computer science, and industry.

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Charles F. Hockett

Charles Francis Hockett (January 17, 1916 – November 3, 2000) was an American linguist who developed many influential ideas in American structuralist linguistics.

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Charles Sanders Peirce

Charles Sanders Peirce (September 10, 1839 – April 19, 1914) was an American scientist, mathematician, logician, and philosopher who is sometimes known as "the father of pragmatism".

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Computational linguistics is an interdisciplinary field concerned with the computational modelling of natural language, as well as the study of appropriate computational approaches to linguistic questions. Formal linguistics and computational linguistics are formal sciences.

See Formal linguistics and Computational linguistics

David Hilbert

David Hilbert (23 January 1862 – 14 February 1943) was a German mathematician and one of the most influential mathematicians of his time.

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Dependency grammar

Dependency grammar (DG) is a class of modern grammatical theories that are all based on the dependency relation (as opposed to the constituency relation of phrase structure) and that can be traced back primarily to the work of Lucien Tesnière.

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Dependency relation

In computer science, in particular in concurrency theory, a dependency relation is a binary relation on a finite domain \Sigma, symmetric, and reflexive; i.e. a finite tolerance relation.

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Discourse

Discourse is a generalization of the notion of a conversation to any form of communication.

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First-order logic

First-order logic—also called predicate logic, predicate calculus, quantificational logic—is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science.

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Formal grammar

A formal grammar describes which strings from an alphabet of a formal language are valid according to the language's syntax.

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Formal language

In logic, mathematics, computer science, and linguistics, a formal language consists of words whose letters are taken from an alphabet and are well-formed according to a specific set of rules called a formal grammar.

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Formal semantics (natural language)

Formal semantics is the study of grammatical meaning in natural languages using formal tools from logic, mathematics and theoretical computer science.

See Formal linguistics and Formal semantics (natural language)

Functional discourse grammar

Functional grammar (FG) and functional discourse grammar (FDG) are grammar models and theories motivated by functional theories of grammar.

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Functional generative description

Functional generative description (FGD) is a linguistic framework developed at Charles University in Prague since the 1960s by a team led by Petr Sgall.

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Generative grammar

Generative grammar is a research tradition in linguistics that aims to explain the cognitive basis of language by formulating and testing explicit models of humans' subconscious grammatical knowledge.

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Head-driven phrase structure grammar

Head-driven phrase structure grammar (HPSG) is a highly lexicalized, constraint-based grammar developed by Carl Pollard and Ivan Sag.

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Human genome

The human genome is a complete set of nucleic acid sequences for humans, encoded as DNA within the 23 chromosome pairs in cell nuclei and in a small DNA molecule found within individual mitochondria.

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John Rupert Firth

John Rupert Firth OBE (17 June 1890 in Keighley, Yorkshire – 14 December 1960 in Lindfield, West Sussex), commonly known as J. R. Firth, was an English linguist and a leading figure in British linguistics during the 1950s.

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Leonard Bloomfield

Leonard Bloomfield (April 1, 1887 – April 18, 1949) was an American linguist who led the development of structural linguistics in the United States during the 1930s and the 1940s.

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Linguistics

Linguistics is the scientific study of language.

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Louis Hjelmslev

Louis Trolle Hjelmslev (3 October 189930 May 1965) was a Danish linguist whose ideas formed the basis of the Copenhagen School of linguistics.

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Lucien Tesnière

Lucien Tesnière (May 13, 1893 – December 6, 1954) was a prominent and influential French linguist.

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Mutation

In biology, a mutation is an alteration in the nucleic acid sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA.

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Natural language

In neuropsychology, linguistics, and philosophy of language, a natural language or ordinary language is any language that occurs naturally in a human community by a process of use, repetition, and change without conscious planning or premeditation.

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Natural language processing

Natural language processing (NLP) is an interdisciplinary subfield of computer science and artificial intelligence.

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Object (grammar)

In linguistics, an object is any of several types of arguments.

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Pragmatics

In linguistics and related fields, pragmatics is the study of how context contributes to meaning.

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Quantitative linguistics

Quantitative linguistics (QL) is a sub-discipline of general linguistics and, more specifically, of mathematical linguistics.

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Rudolf Carnap

Rudolf Carnap (18 May 1891 – 14 September 1970) was a German-language philosopher who was active in Europe before 1935 and in the United States thereafter.

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Semiotics

Semiotics is the systematic study of sign processes and the communication of meaning.

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Simon C. Dik

Simon Cornelis Dik (September 6, 1940 in Delden – March 1, 1995 in Holysloot) was a Dutch linguist, most famous for developing the theory of functional grammar.

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Structural linguistics

Structural linguistics, or structuralism, in linguistics, denotes schools or theories in which language is conceived as a self-contained, self-regulating semiotic system whose elements are defined by their relationship to other elements within the system.

See Formal linguistics and Structural linguistics

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal_linguistics

Also known as Formal linguistic analysis.

Formal linguistics, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Formal sciences

References