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François Arago, the Glossary

Dominique François Jean Arago (Domènec Francesc Joan Aragó), known simply as François Arago (Catalan: Francesc Aragó,; 26 February 17862 October 1853), was a French mathematician, physicist, astronomer, freemason, supporter of the Carbonari revolutionaries and politician.^[1]

153 relations: Alexander von Humboldt, Alexandre Auguste Ledru-Rollin, Algiers, Alphonse de Lamartine, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Analytic geometry, Arago (lunar crater), Arago (Martian crater), Arago spot, Arago telescope, Arago's rotations, Arc measurement of Delambre and Méchain, Artillery, Astronomer, Astronomy, Augustin-Jean Fresnel, Aurora, École polytechnique, Étienne Arago, Étienne-Louis Malus, Baden Powell (mathematician), Balearic Islands, Béjaïa, Bellver, Bright's disease, British Science Association, Bureau des Longitudes, Cable layer, Cambridge University Press, Cape Arago State Park, Carbonari, Catalan language, Chamber of Deputies (France), Charles de Steuben, Charles Scribner's Sons, Charles Wheatstone, Civil engineering, Copley Medal, Curve, Departments of France, Dey, Diabetes, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Eddy current, Edema, Edinburgh, Edward Sabine, Emmanuel Arago, Estagel, Eulogy, ... Expand index (103 more) »
18th-century atheists
19th-century French physicists
19th-century heads of state of France
French people of the Revolutions of 1848
Heads of state of France
Ministers of Marine and the Colonies
Moderate Republicans (France)
Officers of the French Academy of Sciences
People from Pyrénées-Orientales
Scientists from Catalonia

Alexander von Humboldt

Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander von Humboldt (14 September 1769 – 6 May 1859) was a German polymath, geographer, naturalist, explorer, and proponent of Romantic philosophy and science. François Arago and Alexander von Humboldt are Foreign Members of the Royal Society, honorary members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences, Members of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Recipients of the Copley Medal and Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class).

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Alexandre Auguste Ledru-Rollin

Alexandre Auguste Ledru-Rollin (2 February 1807 – 31 December 1874) was a French lawyer, politician and one of the leaders of the French Revolution of 1848. François Arago and Alexandre Auguste Ledru-Rollin are 19th-century heads of state of France, French people of the Revolutions of 1848, heads of state of France, Members of the 1848 Constituent Assembly, Members of the 5th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy, Members of the 6th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy, Members of the 7th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy and Members of the National Legislative Assembly of the French Second Republic.

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Algiers

Algiers (al-Jazāʾir) is the capital and largest city of Algeria, located in the north-central part of the country.

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Alphonse de Lamartine

Alphonse Marie Louis de Prat de Lamartine (21 October 179028 February 1869) was a French author, poet, and statesman who was instrumental in the foundation of the French Second Republic and the continuation of the tricolore as the flag of France. François Arago and Alphonse de Lamartine are 19th-century heads of state of France, French people of the Revolutions of 1848, heads of state of France, Members of the 1848 Constituent Assembly, Members of the 2nd Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy, Members of the 3rd Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy, Members of the 4th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy, Members of the 5th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy, Members of the 6th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy, Members of the 7th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy and Members of the National Legislative Assembly of the French Second Republic.

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American Academy of Arts and Sciences

The American Academy of Arts and Sciences (The Academy) is one of the oldest learned societies in the United States.

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Analytic geometry

In mathematics, analytic geometry, also known as coordinate geometry or Cartesian geometry, is the study of geometry using a coordinate system.

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Arago (lunar crater)

Arago is a lunar impact crater located in the western part of the Mare Tranquillitatis.

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Arago (Martian crater)

Arago is an impact crater in the Arabia quadrangle on Mars at 10.22 N and 29.93° E. It is in diameter and is in the northernmost part of Terra Sabaea.

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Arago spot

In optics, the Arago spot, Poisson spot, or Fresnel spot is a bright point that appears at the center of a circular object's shadow due to Fresnel diffraction.

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Arago telescope

Arago telescope (Lunette Arago) is a 38 cm (15 inch) aperture refracting telescope at Paris Observatory, installed in 1857.

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Arago's rotations

Arago's rotations is an observable magnetic phenomenon that involves the interactions between a magnetized needle and a moving metal disk.

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Arc measurement of Delambre and Méchain

The arc measurement of Delambre and Méchain was a geodetic survey carried out by Jean-Baptiste Delambre and Pierre Méchain in 1792–1798 to measure an arc section of the Paris meridian between Dunkirk and Barcelona.

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Artillery

Artillery are ranged weapons that launch munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry firearms.

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Astronomer

An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who focuses their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth.

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Astronomy

Astronomy is a natural science that studies celestial objects and the phenomena that occur in the cosmos.

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Augustin-Jean Fresnel

Augustin-Jean Fresnel (10 May 1788 – 14 July 1827) was a French civil engineer and physicist whose research in optics led to the almost unanimous acceptance of the wave theory of light, excluding any remnant of Newton's corpuscular theory, from the late 1830s until the end of the 19th century. François Arago and Augustin-Jean Fresnel are École Polytechnique alumni, 19th-century French physicists and Foreign Members of the Royal Society.

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Aurora

An aurora (aurorae or auroras), also commonly known as the northern lights (aurora borealis) or southern lights (aurora australis), is a natural light display in Earth's sky, predominantly seen in high-latitude regions (around the Arctic and Antarctic).

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École polytechnique

(also known as Polytechnique or l'X) is a grande école located in Palaiseau, France.

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Étienne Arago

Étienne Vincent Arago (9 February 1802 – 7 March 1892) was a French writer and politician, and co-founder (with Maurice Alhoy) of the newspaper Le Figaro. François Arago and Étienne Arago are Members of the 1848 Constituent Assembly.

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Étienne-Louis Malus

Étienne-Louis Malus (23 July 1775 – 23 February 1812) was a French officer, engineer, physicist, and mathematician. François Arago and Étienne-Louis Malus are École Polytechnique alumni.

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Baden Powell (mathematician)

Baden Powell, MA FRS FRGS (22 August 1796 – 11 June 1860) was an English mathematician and Church of England priest.

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Balearic Islands

The Balearic Islands (Illes Balears; Islas Baleares or) are an archipelago in the western Mediterranean Sea, near the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula.

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Béjaïa

Béjaïa (بجاية, Bijāya,, Bgayet) formerly Bougie and Bugia, is a Mediterranean port city and commune on the Gulf of Béjaïa in Algeria; it is the capital of Béjaïa Province, Kabylia.

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Bellver

Bellver is a surname.

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Bright's disease

Bright's disease is a historical classification of kidney diseases that are described in modern medicine as acute or chronic nephritis.

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British Science Association

The British Science Association (BSA) is a charity and learned society founded in 1831 to aid in the promotion and development of science.

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Bureau des Longitudes

The Bureau des Longitudes is a French scientific institution, founded by decree of 25 June 1795 and charged with the improvement of nautical navigation, standardisation of time-keeping, geodesy and astronomical observation.

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Cable layer

A cable layer or cable ship is a deep-sea vessel designed and used to lay underwater cables for telecommunications, for electric power transmission, military, or other purposes.

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Cambridge University Press

Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.

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Cape Arago State Park

Cape Arago State Park is a state park in the U.S. state of Oregon, administered by the Oregon Parks and Recreation Department.

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Carbonari

The Carbonari was an informal network of secret revolutionary societies active in Italy from about 1800 to 1831.

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Catalan language

Catalan (or; autonym: català), known in the Valencian Community and Carche as Valencian (autonym: valencià), is a Western Romance language.

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Chamber of Deputies (France)

Chamber of Deputies (Chambre des députés) was a parliamentary body in France in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

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Charles de Steuben

Charles Auguste Guillaume Steuben (Carl August Wilhelm von Steuben; April 18, 1788 – November 21, 1856), also Charles de Steuben, was a German-born French Romantic painter and lithographer active from the Napoleonic to Second Empire eras.

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Charles Scribner's Sons

Charles Scribner's Sons, or simply Scribner's or Scribner, is an American publisher based in New York City, known for publishing American authors including Henry James, Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Kurt Vonnegut, Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, Stephen King, Robert A. Heinlein, Thomas Wolfe, George Santayana, John Clellon Holmes, Don DeLillo, and Edith Wharton.

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Charles Wheatstone

Sir Charles Wheatstone (6 February 1802 – 19 October 1875), was an English scientist and inventor of the Victorian era, his contributions including to the English concertina, the stereoscope (a device for displaying three-dimensional images), and the Playfair cipher (an encryption technique). François Arago and Charles Wheatstone are Recipients of the Copley Medal and Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class).

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Civil engineering

Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including public works such as roads, bridges, canals, dams, airports, sewage systems, pipelines, structural components of buildings, and railways.

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Copley Medal

The Copley Medal is the most prestigious award of the Royal Society, conferred "for sustained, outstanding achievements in any field of science".

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Curve

In mathematics, a curve (also called a curved line in older texts) is an object similar to a line, but that does not have to be straight.

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Departments of France

In the administrative divisions of France, the department (département) is one of the three levels of government under the national level ("territorial collectivities"), between the administrative regions and the communes.

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Dey

Dey (داي), from the Turkish honorific title dayı, literally meaning uncle, was the title given to the rulers of the Regency of Algiers (Algeria), Tripoli,Bertarelli (1929), p. 203.

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Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus, often known simply as diabetes, is a group of common endocrine diseases characterized by sustained high blood sugar levels.

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Dictionary of Scientific Biography

The Dictionary of Scientific Biography is a scholarly reference work that was published from 1970 through 1980 by publisher Charles Scribner's Sons, with main editor the science historian Charles Gillispie, from Princeton University.

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Eddy current

In electromagnetism, an eddy current (also called Foucault's current) is a loop of electric current induced within conductors by a changing magnetic field in the conductor according to Faraday's law of induction or by the relative motion of a conductor in a magnetic field.

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Edema

Edema (AmE), also spelled oedema (BrE), and also known as fluid retention, dropsy, hydropsy and swelling, is the build-up of fluid in the body's tissue.

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Edinburgh

Edinburgh (Dùn Èideann) is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 council areas.

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Edward Sabine

Sir Edward Sabine (14 October 1788 – 26 June 1883) was an Irish astronomer, geophysicist, ornithologist, explorer, soldier and the 30th president of the Royal Society. François Arago and Edward Sabine are honorary Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Recipients of the Copley Medal and Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class).

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Emmanuel Arago

Emmanuel Arago (6 August 1812, Paris – 26 November 1896, Paris) was a French politician of the French Second Republic, Second French Empire and French Third Republic. François Arago and Emmanuel Arago are Members of the 1848 Constituent Assembly and Members of the National Legislative Assembly of the French Second Republic.

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Estagel

Estagel (Estagell) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Orientales department in southern France.

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Eulogy

A eulogy (from εὐλογία, eulogia, Classical Greek, eu for "well" or "true", logia for "words" or "text", together for "praise") is a speech or writing in praise of a person, especially one who recently died or retired, or as a term of endearment.

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Félicité de La Mennais

Félicité Robert de La Mennais (or Lamennais; 19 June 178227 February 1854) was a French Catholic priest, philosopher and political theorist. François Arago and Félicité de La Mennais are Members of the 1848 Constituent Assembly and Members of the National Legislative Assembly of the French Second Republic.

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Formentera

Formentera is a Spanish island located in the Mediterranean Sea, which belongs to the Balearic Islands autonomous community (Spain) together with Mallorca, Menorca, and Ibiza.

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Freemasonry

Freemasonry or Masonry refers to fraternal organisations that trace their origins to the local guilds of stonemasons that, from the end of the 14th century, regulated the qualifications of stonemasons and their interaction with authorities and clients.

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French Academy of Sciences

The French Academy of Sciences (French: Académie des sciences) is a learned society, founded in 1666 by Louis XIV at the suggestion of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to encourage and protect the spirit of French scientific research.

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French Executive Commission of 1848

The Executive Commission of 1848 was a short-lived government during the French Second Republic, chaired by François Arago, that exercised executive power from 9 May 1848 to 24 June 1848. François Arago and French Executive Commission of 1848 are heads of state of France.

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French Provisional Government of 1848

The Provisional government was the first government of the French Second Republic, formed on 24 February 1848 following the abolition of the July Monarchy by the February Revolution.

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Fresnel–Arago laws

The Fresnel–Arago laws are three laws which summarise some of the more important properties of interference between light of different states of polarization.

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Gaspard Monge

Gaspard Monge, Comte de Péluse (9 May 1746 – 28 July 1818) was a French mathematician, commonly presented as the inventor of descriptive geometry, (the mathematical basis of) technical drawing, and the father of differential geometry. François Arago and Gaspard Monge are 19th-century French mathematicians, French Freemasons, French atheists and ministers of Marine and the Colonies.

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Geodesy

Geodesy or geodetics is the science of measuring and representing the geometry, gravity, and spatial orientation of the Earth in temporally varying 3D.

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Great Comet of 1819

The Great Comet of 1819, officially designated as C/1819 N1, also known as Comet Tralles, was an exceptionally bright and easily visible comet, approaching an apparent magnitude of 1–2, discovered July 1, 1819 by the German astronomer Johann Georg Tralles in Berlin.

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Hippolyte Fizeau

Armand Hippolyte Louis Fizeau FRS FRSE MIF (23 September 181918 September 1896) was a French physicist, who in 1849 measured the speed of light to within 5% accuracy. François Arago and Hippolyte Fizeau are Foreign Members of the Royal Society.

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History of the metre

The history of the metre starts with the Scientific Revolution that is considered to have begun with Nicolaus Copernicus's publication of De revolutionibus orbium coelestium in 1543.

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Honoré de Balzac

Honoré de Balzac (more commonly,; born Honoré Balzac;Jean-Louis Dega, La vie prodigieuse de Bernard-François Balssa, père d'Honoré de Balzac: Aux sources historiques de La Comédie humaine, Rodez, Subervie, 1998, 665 p. 20 May 1799 – 18 August 1850) was a French novelist and playwright.

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Jacques Arago

Jacques Étienne Victor Arago (6 March 1790 – 27 November 1855) was a French writer, artist and explorer, author of a Voyage Round the World. François Arago and Jacques Arago are People from Pyrénées-Orientales.

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Jacques-Charles Dupont de l'Eure

Jacques-Charles Dupont de l'Eure (27 February 17673 March 1855) was a French lawyer and statesman. François Arago and Jacques-Charles Dupont de l'Eure are 19th-century heads of state of France, French people of the Revolutions of 1848, heads of state of France, Members of the 1848 Constituent Assembly, Members of the 2nd Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy, Members of the 3rd Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy, Members of the 4th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy, Members of the 5th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy, Members of the 6th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy, Members of the 7th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy and Moderate Republicans (France).

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James Cook

Captain James Cook (– 14 February 1779) was a British explorer, cartographer and naval officer famous for his three voyages between 1768 and 1779 in the Pacific Ocean and to New Zealand and Australia in particular. François Arago and James Cook are Recipients of the Copley Medal.

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Jan Dibbets

Jan Dibbets (born 9 May 1941, in Weert) is an Amsterdam-based Dutch conceptual artist.

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Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre

Jean Baptiste Joseph, chevalier Delambre (19 September 1749 – 19 August 1822) was a French mathematician, astronomer, historian of astronomy, and geodesist. François Arago and Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre are 19th-century French astronomers, 19th-century French mathematicians, French atheists, honorary members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences and officers of the French Academy of Sciences.

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Jean-Baptiste Biot

Jean-Baptiste Biot (21 April 1774 – 3 February 1862) was a French physicist, astronomer, and mathematician who co-discovered the Biot–Savart law of magnetostatics with Félix Savart, established the reality of meteorites, made an early balloon flight, and studied the polarization of light. François Arago and Jean-Baptiste Biot are École Polytechnique alumni, 19th-century French mathematicians, Foreign Members of the Royal Society and Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class).

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Jean-Baptiste-Adolphe Charras

Jean-Baptiste Adolphe Charras (7 January 1810 in Phalsbourg – 23 January 1865 in Basel) was a French military historian and minister. François Arago and Jean-Baptiste-Adolphe Charras are French Ministers of War, Members of the 1848 Constituent Assembly, Members of the National Legislative Assembly of the French Second Republic and Moderate Republicans (France).

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Joseph Fourier

Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier (21 March 1768 – 16 May 1830) was a French mathematician and physicist born in Auxerre and best known for initiating the investigation of Fourier series, which eventually developed into Fourier analysis and harmonic analysis, and their applications to problems of heat transfer and vibrations. François Arago and Joseph Fourier are 19th-century French mathematicians, Foreign Members of the Royal Society, honorary members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences and officers of the French Academy of Sciences.

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Joseph Grégoire Casy

Joseph Grégoire Casy (8 October 1787 – 19 February 1862) was a French naval officer and politician. François Arago and Joseph Grégoire Casy are Members of the 1848 Constituent Assembly.

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Joseph-Louis Lagrange

Joseph-Louis Lagrange (born Giuseppe Luigi Lagrangia, Encyclopædia Britannica or Giuseppe Ludovico De la Grange Tournier; 25 January 1736 – 10 April 1813), also reported as Giuseppe Luigi Lagrange or Lagrangia, was an Italian mathematician, physicist and astronomer, later naturalized French. François Arago and Joseph-Louis Lagrange are 19th-century French mathematicians and honorary members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences.

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Lazaretto

A lazaretto, sometimes lazaret or lazarette, is a quarantine station for maritime travelers.

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Léon Foucault

Jean Bernard Léon Foucault (18 September 1819 – 11 February 1868) was a French physicist best known for his demonstration of the Foucault pendulum, a device demonstrating the effect of Earth's rotation. François Arago and Léon Foucault are 19th-century French physicists, Foreign Members of the Royal Society and Recipients of the Copley Medal.

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Legion of Honour

The National Order of the Legion of Honour (Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour (Ordre royal de la Légion d'honneur), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil, and currently comprises five classes.

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Leith

Leith (Lìte) is a port area in the north of Edinburgh, Scotland, founded at the mouth of the Water of Leith.

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Light

Light, visible light, or visible radiation is electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived by the human eye.

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List of French possessions and colonies

From the 16th to the 17th centuries, the First French colonial empire stretched from a total area at its peak in 1680 to over, the second largest empire in the world at the time behind only the Spanish Empire.

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List of heads of state of France

Monarchs ruled the Kingdom of France from the establishment of Francia in 509 to 1870, except for certain periods from 1792 to 1852. François Arago and List of heads of state of France are heads of state of France.

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List of naval ministers of France

One of France's Secretaries of State under the Ancien Régime was entrusted with control of the French Navy (Secretary of State of the Navy (France).) In 1791, this title was changed to Minister of the Navy.

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List of the 72 names on the Eiffel Tower

On the Eiffel Tower, 72 names of French men (scientists, engineers, and mathematicians) are engraved in recognition of their contributions.

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List of works by Antonin Mercié

This is a list of some of the works of the French sculptor and painter Antonin Mercié.

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Louis Daguerre

Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre (18 November 1787 – 10 July 1851) was a French artist and photographer, recognized for his invention of the eponymous daguerreotype process of photography. François Arago and Louis Daguerre are 19th-century French physicists and Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class).

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Louis de Freycinet

Louis Claude de Saulces de Freycinet (7 August 1779 – 18 August 1841) was a French Navy officer.

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Louis Napoléon Lannes

Louis Napoléon Auguste Lannes, 2nd duc de Montebello (30 July 1801 – 18 July 1874) was a French diplomat and politician. François Arago and Louis Napoléon Lannes are École Polytechnique alumni, Members of the National Legislative Assembly of the French Second Republic and ministers of Marine and the Colonies.

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Louis Philippe I

Louis Philippe I (6 October 1773 – 26 August 1850), nicknamed the Citizen King, was King of the French from 1830 to 1848, and the penultimate monarch of France. François Arago and Louis Philippe I are French people of the Revolutions of 1848.

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Louis-Antoine Garnier-Pagès

Louis-Antoine Garnier-Pagès (16 February 1803 – 31 October 1878) was a French politician and active freemason who fought on the barricades during the revolution of July. François Arago and Louis-Antoine Garnier-Pagès are 19th-century heads of state of France, French Freemasons, French people of the Revolutions of 1848, heads of state of France, Members of the 1848 Constituent Assembly, Members of the 6th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy, Members of the 7th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy and Moderate Republicans (France).

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Louis-Eugène Cavaignac

Louis-Eugène Cavaignac (15 October 1802 – 28 October 1857) was a French general and politician who served as head of the executive power of France between June and December 1848, during the French Second Republic. François Arago and Louis-Eugène Cavaignac are École Polytechnique alumni, 19th-century heads of state of France, French Ministers of War, Members of the 1848 Constituent Assembly, Members of the National Legislative Assembly of the French Second Republic and Moderate Republicans (France).

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Luminiferous aether

Luminiferous aether or ether (luminiferous meaning 'light-bearing') was the postulated medium for the propagation of light.

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Magnet

A magnet is a material or object that produces a magnetic field.

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Marie Arago

Marie Arago, born Marie-Anne Roig (3 November 1755 – 5 September 1845) was a French woman, wife of François Bonaventure Arago and mother of François, Jean, Jacques, Victor, Joseph and Étienne Arago. François Arago and Marie Arago are People from Pyrénées-Orientales.

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Marseille

Marseille or Marseilles (Marseille; Marselha; see below) is the prefecture of the French department of Bouches-du-Rhône and of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region.

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Mathematician

A mathematician is someone who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in their work, typically to solve mathematical problems.

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Mathematics

Mathematics is a field of study that discovers and organizes abstract objects, methods, theories and theorems that are developed and proved for the needs of empirical sciences and mathematics itself.

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Meridian arc

In geodesy and navigation, a meridian arc is the curve between two points on the Earth's surface having the same longitude.

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Meteorology

Meteorology is a branch of the atmospheric sciences (which include atmospheric chemistry and physics) with a major focus on weather forecasting.

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Michael Faraday

Michael Faraday (22 September 1791 – 25 August 1867) was an English scientist who contributed to the study of electromagnetism and electrochemistry. François Arago and Michael Faraday are honorary members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences, Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Recipients of the Copley Medal and Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class).

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Minister of the Armed Forces (France)

The Minister of the Armed Forces (Ministre des Armées) is the leader and most senior official of the French Ministry of the Armed Forces, tasked with running the French Armed Forces.

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Moderate Republicans (France, 1848–1870)

The Moderate Republicans were a large political group active from the birth of the French Second Republic (1848) to the collapse of the Second French Empire (1870). François Arago and Moderate Republicans (France, 1848–1870) are Moderate Republicans (France).

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Motion

In physics, motion is when an object changes its position with respect to a reference point in a given time.

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Napoleon III

Napoleon III (Charles-Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 18089 January 1873) was the first president of France from 1848 to 1852, and the last monarch of France as the second Emperor of the French from 1852 until he was deposed on 4 September 1870. François Arago and Napoleon III are French people of the Revolutions of 1848.

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National Assembly (France)

The National Assembly (Assemblée nationale) is the lower house of the bicameral French Parliament under the Fifth Republic, the upper house being the Senate (Sénat).

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Oath of allegiance

An oath of allegiance is an oath whereby a subject or citizen acknowledges a duty of allegiance and swears loyalty to a monarch or a country.

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Optical rotation

Optical rotation, also known as polarization rotation or circular birefringence, is the rotation of the orientation of the plane of polarization about the optical axis of linearly polarized light as it travels through certain materials.

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Optics

Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behaviour and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of instruments that use or detect it.

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Order of Leopold (Belgium)

The Order of Leopold (Leopoldsorde, Ordre de Léopold) is one of the three current Belgian national honorary orders of knighthood.

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Oregon

Oregon is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States.

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Oscillation

Oscillation is the repetitive or periodic variation, typically in time, of some measure about a central value (often a point of equilibrium) or between two or more different states.

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Palamós

Palamós is a town and municipality in the Mediterranean Costa Brava, located in the comarca of Baix Empordà, in the province of Girona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Paris

Paris is the capital and largest city of France.

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Paris Observatory

The Paris Observatory (Observatoire de Paris), a research institution of the Paris Sciences et Lettres University, is the foremost astronomical observatory of France, and one of the largest astronomical centers in the world.

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Père Lachaise Cemetery

Père Lachaise Cemetery (Cimetière du Père-Lachaise; formerly, "East Cemetery") is the largest cemetery in Paris, France, at.

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Perpignan

Perpignan (Perpinyà,; Perpinhan) is the prefecture of the Pyrénées-Orientales department in Southern France, in the heart of the plain of Roussillon, at the foot of the Pyrenees a few kilometres from the Mediterranean Sea and the scrublands of the Corbières massif.

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Physical optics

In physics, physical optics, or wave optics, is the branch of optics that studies interference, diffraction, polarization, and other phenomena for which the ray approximation of geometric optics is not valid.

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Physicist

A physicist is a scientist who specializes in the field of physics, which encompasses the interactions of matter and energy at all length and time scales in the physical universe.

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Physics

Physics is the natural science of matter, involving the study of matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force.

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Pierre de Fermat

Pierre de Fermat (between 31 October and 6 December 1607 – 12 January 1665) was a French mathematician who is given credit for early developments that led to infinitesimal calculus, including his technique of adequality.

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Pierre Marie de Saint-Georges

Alexandre-Pierre-Thomas-Amable Marie de Saint Georges (15 February 1795 – 28 April 1870), better known as Pierre Marie de Saint-Georges, was a French politician who served as French Head of State from 6 May until 28 June 1848. François Arago and Pierre Marie de Saint-Georges are 19th-century heads of state of France, French people of the Revolutions of 1848, heads of state of France, Members of the 1848 Constituent Assembly, Members of the 6th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy, Members of the 7th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy and Moderate Republicans (France).

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Pierre Méchain

Pierre François André Méchain (16 August 1744 – 20 September 1804) was a French astronomer and surveyor who, with Charles Messier, was a major contributor to the early study of deep-sky objects and comets. François Arago and Pierre Méchain are 19th-century French astronomers.

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Pierre-Simon Laplace

Pierre-Simon, Marquis de Laplace (23 March 1749 – 5 March 1827) was a French scholar whose work was important to the development of engineering, mathematics, statistics, physics, astronomy, and philosophy. François Arago and Pierre-Simon Laplace are 19th-century French mathematicians and Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.

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Polarimeter

A polarimeter is a scientific instrument used to measure optical rotation: the angle of rotation caused by passing linearly polarized light through an optically active substance.

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Polarimetry

Polarimetry is the measurement and interpretation of the polarization of transverse waves, most notably electromagnetic waves, such as radio or light waves.

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Polarization (waves)

italics (also italics) is a property of transverse waves which specifies the geometrical orientation of the oscillations.

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Polarizer

A polarizer or polariser is an optical filter that lets light waves of a specific polarization pass through while blocking light waves of other polarizations.

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Pope Gregory I

Pope Gregory I (Gregorius I; – 12 March 604), commonly known as Saint Gregory the Great, was the 64th Bishop of Rome from 3 September 590 to his death.

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Pour le Mérite

The Pour le Mérite, also informally known as the "Blue Max", is an order of merit (Verdienstorden) established in 1740 by King Frederick II of Prussia. François Arago and Pour le Mérite are Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class).

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Pressure

Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.

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Privateer

A privateer is a private person or vessel which engages in maritime warfare under a commission of war.

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Pyrénées-Orientales

Pyrénées-Orientales (Pirineus Orientals; Pirenèus Orientals), also known as Northern Catalonia, are a department of the region of Occitania, Southern France, adjacent to the northern Spanish frontier and the Mediterranean Sea.

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Pyrenees

The Pyrenees are a mountain range straddling the border of France and Spain.

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Quartz

Quartz is a hard, crystalline mineral composed of silica (silicon dioxide).

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Rectilinear propagation

Rectilinear propagation describes the tendency of electromagnetic waves (light) to travel in a straight line.

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Republicanism

Republicanism is a Western political ideology that encompasses a range of ideas from civic virtue, political participation, harms of corruption, positives of mixed constitution, rule of law, and others.

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Roses, Girona

Roses (Rosas) is a municipality in the ''comarca'' of the Alt Empordà, located on the Costa Brava, Catalonia, Spain.

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Roussillon

Roussillon (Rosselló,; Rosselhon) was a historical province of France that largely corresponded to the County of Roussillon and part of the County of Cerdagne of the former Principality of Catalonia.

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Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences

The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, KNAW) is an organization dedicated to the advancement of science and literature in the Netherlands.

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Royal Society

The Royal Society, formally The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, is a learned society and the United Kingdom's national academy of sciences.

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Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien) is one of the royal academies of Sweden.

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Scotland

Scotland (Scots: Scotland; Scottish Gaelic: Alba) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom.

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Seconds pendulum

A seconds pendulum is a pendulum whose period is precisely two seconds; one second for a swing in one direction and one second for the return swing, a frequency of 0.5 Hz.

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Seine (department)

Seine is a former department of France, which encompassed Paris and its immediate suburbs.

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Shetland

Shetland, also called the Shetland Islands, is an archipelago in Scotland lying between Orkney, the Faroe Islands, and Norway.

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Siméon Denis Poisson

Baron Siméon Denis Poisson FRS FRSE (21 June 1781 – 25 April 1840) was a French mathematician and physicist who worked on statistics, complex analysis, partial differential equations, the calculus of variations, analytical mechanics, electricity and magnetism, thermodynamics, elasticity, and fluid mechanics. François Arago and Siméon Denis Poisson are École Polytechnique alumni, 19th-century French mathematicians and Recipients of the Copley Medal.

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Speed of light

The speed of light in vacuum, commonly denoted, is a universal physical constant that is exactly equal to). According to the special theory of relativity, is the upper limit for the speed at which conventional matter or energy (and thus any signal carrying information) can travel through space.

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Steam

Steam is a substance containing water in the gas phase, often mixed with air and/or an aerosol of liquid water droplets.

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Thomas Young (scientist)

Thomas Young FRS (13 June 177310 May 1829) was a British polymath who made notable contributions to the fields of vision, light, solid mechanics, energy, physiology, language, musical harmony, and Egyptology. François Arago and Thomas Young (scientist) are Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.

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Timeline of abolition of slavery and serfdom

The abolition of slavery occurred at different times in different countries.

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Toulouse

Toulouse (Tolosa) is the prefecture of the French department of Haute-Garonne and of the larger region of Occitania.

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University of Twente

The University of Twente (Dutch: Universiteit Twente;, abbr. UT) is a public technical university located in Enschede, Netherlands.

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Velocity

Velocity is the speed in combination with the direction of motion of an object.

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William Henry Smyth

Admiral William Henry Smyth (21 January 1788 – 8 September 1865) was an English Royal Navy officer, hydrographer, astronomer and numismatist.

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1005 Arago

Arago (minor planet designation: 1005 Arago), provisional designation, is a dark asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 55 kilometers in diameter.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/François_Arago

Also known as D.F.J. Arago, Dominique Arago, Dominique F. Arago, Dominique François Arago, Dominique François Jean Arago, Dominique-François Arago, Dominique-François-Jean Arago, F. Arago, Francesc Aragó, Francesc Joan Dominic Aragó, Francesc Joan Domènec Aragó, François Jean Dominique Arago, François Jean Arago, Jean Arago.

, Félicité de La Mennais, Formentera, Freemasonry, French Academy of Sciences, French Executive Commission of 1848, French Provisional Government of 1848, Fresnel–Arago laws, Gaspard Monge, Geodesy, Great Comet of 1819, Hippolyte Fizeau, History of the metre, Honoré de Balzac, Jacques Arago, Jacques-Charles Dupont de l'Eure, James Cook, Jan Dibbets, Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre, Jean-Baptiste Biot, Jean-Baptiste-Adolphe Charras, Joseph Fourier, Joseph Grégoire Casy, Joseph-Louis Lagrange, Lazaretto, Léon Foucault, Legion of Honour, Leith, Light, List of French possessions and colonies, List of heads of state of France, List of naval ministers of France, List of the 72 names on the Eiffel Tower, List of works by Antonin Mercié, Louis Daguerre, Louis de Freycinet, Louis Napoléon Lannes, Louis Philippe I, Louis-Antoine Garnier-Pagès, Louis-Eugène Cavaignac, Luminiferous aether, Magnet, Marie Arago, Marseille, Mathematician, Mathematics, Meridian arc, Meteorology, Michael Faraday, Minister of the Armed Forces (France), Moderate Republicans (France, 1848–1870), Motion, Napoleon III, National Assembly (France), Oath of allegiance, Optical rotation, Optics, Order of Leopold (Belgium), Oregon, Oscillation, Palamós, Paris, Paris Observatory, Père Lachaise Cemetery, Perpignan, Physical optics, Physicist, Physics, Pierre de Fermat, Pierre Marie de Saint-Georges, Pierre Méchain, Pierre-Simon Laplace, Polarimeter, Polarimetry, Polarization (waves), Polarizer, Pope Gregory I, Pour le Mérite, Pressure, Privateer, Pyrénées-Orientales, Pyrenees, Quartz, Rectilinear propagation, Republicanism, Roses, Girona, Roussillon, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Royal Society, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Scotland, Seconds pendulum, Seine (department), Shetland, Siméon Denis Poisson, Speed of light, Steam, Thomas Young (scientist), Timeline of abolition of slavery and serfdom, Toulouse, University of Twente, Velocity, William Henry Smyth, 1005 Arago.

François Arago, the Glossary

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