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GRAIL, the Glossary

The Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) was an American lunar science mission in NASA's Discovery Program which used high-quality gravitational field mapping of the Moon to determine its interior structure.^[1]

58 relations: Apollo program, Bozeman, Montana, Breccia, Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, Cape Canaveral Space Launch Complex 17, CBS News, Computer simulation, Coordinated Universal Time, Crust (geology), Delta II, Discovery Program, Earth's inner core, Eastern Time Zone, Forbes, GRACE and GRACE-FO, Gravimetry, Gravitation of the Moon, Gravitational field, Hydrazine, Impact crater, InSight, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Ka band, Kepler space telescope, List of artificial objects on the Moon, List of missions to the Moon, Lithium-ion battery, Lithosphere, Lockheed Martin Space, Lunar Laser Ranging experiments, Lunar orbit, Magmatism, Mare Orientale, Maria Zuber, Mass concentration (astronomy), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Micrometre, Moon, Mouchez (crater), Nadir, NASA, NASA Deep Space Network, NBC News, Oceanus Procellarum, Philolaus (crater), Photovoltaic system, Polar orbit, Rift valley, Rocket engine, Sally Ride, ... Expand index (8 more) »
2012 on the Moon
Destroyed space probes
Discovery Program
Gravimetry
Space probes launched in 2011
Spacecraft that impacted the Moon
Twin satellites

Apollo program

The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the United States human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which succeeded in preparing and landing the first men on the Moon from 1968 to 1972.

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Bozeman, Montana

Bozeman is a city in and the county seat of Gallatin County, Montana, United States.

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Breccia

Breccia is a rock composed of large angular broken fragments of minerals or rocks cemented together by a fine-grained matrix.

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Cape Canaveral Space Force Station

Cape Canaveral Space Force Station (CCSFS) is an installation of the United States Space Force's Space Launch Delta 45, located on Cape Canaveral in Brevard County, Florida.

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Cape Canaveral Space Launch Complex 17

Space Launch Complex 17 (SLC-17), previously designated Launch Complex 17 (LC-17), was a launch site at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS), Florida used for Thor and Delta launch vehicles launches between 1958 and 2011.

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CBS News

CBS News is the news division of the American television and radio broadcaster CBS.

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Computer simulation

Computer simulation is the process of mathematical modelling, performed on a computer, which is designed to predict the behaviour of, or the outcome of, a real-world or physical system.

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Coordinated Universal Time

Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is the primary time standard globally used to regulate clocks and time.

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Crust (geology)

In geology, the crust is the outermost solid shell of a planet, dwarf planet, or natural satellite.

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Delta II

Delta II was an expendable launch system, originally designed and built by McDonnell Douglas, and sometimes known as the Thorad Delta 1.

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Discovery Program

The Discovery Program is a series of Solar System exploration missions funded by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through its Planetary Missions Program Office. GRAIL and Discovery Program are NASA space probes.

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Earth's inner core

Earth's inner core is the innermost geologic layer of the planet Earth.

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Eastern Time Zone

The Eastern Time Zone (ET) is a time zone encompassing part or all of 23 states in the eastern part of the United States, parts of eastern Canada, and the state of Quintana Roo in Mexico.

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Forbes

Forbes is an American business magazine founded by B. C. Forbes in 1917 and owned by Hong Kong-based investment group Integrated Whale Media Investments since 2014.

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GRACE and GRACE-FO

The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) was a joint mission of NASA and the German Aerospace Center (DLR). GRAIL and GRACE and GRACE-FO are Twin satellites.

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Gravimetry

Gravimetry is the measurement of the strength of a gravitational field.

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Gravitation of the Moon

mGal The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Moon is approximately 1.625 m/s2, about 16.6% that on Earth's surface or 0.166.

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Gravitational field

In physics, a gravitational field or gravitational acceleration field is a vector field used to explain the influences that a body extends into the space around itself.

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Hydrazine

Hydrazine is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula.

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Impact crater

An impact crater is a depression in the surface of a solid astronomical body formed by the hypervelocity impact of a smaller object.

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InSight

The Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport (InSight) mission was a robotic lander designed to study the deep interior of the planet Mars. GRAIL and InSight are discovery Program and NASA space probes.

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Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) is a Federally Funded Research and Development Center (FFRDC) in La Cañada Flintridge, California, Crescenta Valley, United States.

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Ka band

The Ka band (pronounced as either "kay-ay band" or "ka band") is a portion of the microwave part of the electromagnetic spectrum defined as frequencies in the range 26.5–40 gigahertz (GHz), i.e. wavelengths from slightly over one centimeter down to 7.5 millimeters.

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Kepler space telescope

The Kepler space telescope is a defunct space telescope launched by NASA in 2009 to discover Earth-sized planets orbiting other stars. GRAIL and Kepler space telescope are discovery Program and NASA space probes.

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List of artificial objects on the Moon

This is a partial list of artificial materials left on the Moon, many during the missions of the Apollo program. GRAIL and list of artificial objects on the Moon are missions to the Moon and spacecraft that impacted the Moon.

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List of missions to the Moon

Missions to the Moon have been numerous and one of the earliest space missions, conducting exploration of the Moon since 1959. GRAIL and List of missions to the Moon are missions to the Moon.

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Lithium-ion battery

A lithium-ion or Li-ion battery is a type of rechargeable battery that uses the reversible intercalation of Li+ ions into electronically conducting solids to store energy.

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Lithosphere

A lithosphere is the rigid, outermost rocky shell of a terrestrial planet or natural satellite.

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Lockheed Martin Space

Lockheed Martin Space is one of the four major business divisions of Lockheed Martin.

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Lunar Laser Ranging experiments

Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR) is the practice of measuring the distance between the surfaces of the Earth and the Moon using laser ranging.

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Lunar orbit

In astronomy and spaceflight, a lunar orbit (also known as a selenocentric orbit) is an orbit by an object around Earth's Moon.

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Magmatism

Magmatism is the emplacement of magma within and at the surface of the outer layers of a terrestrial planet, which solidifies as igneous rocks.

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Mare Orientale

Mare Orientale (Latin orientāle, the "eastern sea") is a lunar mare.

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Maria Zuber

Maria T. Zuber (born June 27, 1958) is an American geophysicist who is the vice president for research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where she also holds the position of the E. A. Griswold Professor of Geophysics in the Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences.

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Mass concentration (astronomy)

In astronomy, astrophysics and geophysics, a mass concentration (or mascon) is a region of a planet's or moon's crust that contains a large positive gravity anomaly. GRAIL and mass concentration (astronomy) are Gravimetry.

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Massachusetts Institute of Technology

The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private land-grant research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

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Micrometre

The micrometre (Commonwealth English) as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: μm) or micrometer (American English), also commonly known by the non-SI term micron, is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI) equalling (SI standard prefix "micro-".

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Moon

The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite.

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Mouchez (crater)

Mouchez is the remnant of a lunar impact crater that is located near the northern limb of the Moon, to the north of Philolaus and northwest of Anaxagoras. GRAIL and Mouchez (crater) are LQ01 quadrangle.

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Nadir

The nadir is the direction pointing directly below a particular location; that is, it is one of two vertical directions at a specified location, orthogonal to a horizontal flat surface.

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NASA

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research.

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NASA Deep Space Network

The NASA Deep Space Network (DSN) is a worldwide network of spacecraft communication ground segment facilities, located in the United States (California), Spain (Madrid), and Australia (Canberra), that supports NASA's interplanetary spacecraft missions.

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NBC News

NBC News is the news division of the American broadcast television network NBC.

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Oceanus Procellarum

Oceanus Procellarum (from lit) is a vast lunar mare on the western edge of the near side of the Moon.

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Philolaus (crater)

Philolaus is a lunar impact crater that is located in the northern part of the Moon's near side. GRAIL and Philolaus (crater) are LQ01 quadrangle.

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Photovoltaic system

A photovoltaic system, also called a PV system or solar power system, is an electric power system designed to supply usable solar power by means of photovoltaics.

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Polar orbit

A polar orbit is one in which a satellite passes above or nearly above both poles of the body being orbited (usually a planet such as the Earth, but possibly another body such as the Moon or Sun) on each revolution.

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Rift valley

A rift valley is a linear shaped lowland between several highlands or mountain ranges produced by the action of a geologic rift.

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Rocket engine

A rocket engine uses stored rocket propellants as the reaction mass for forming a high-speed propulsive jet of fluid, usually high-temperature gas.

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Sally Ride

Sally Kristen Ride (May 26, 1951 – July 23, 2012) was an American astronaut and physicist.

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Science (journal)

Science, also widely referred to as Science Magazine, is the peer-reviewed academic journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and one of the world's top academic journals.

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Selenography

Selenography is the study of the surface and physical features of the Moon (also known as geography of the Moon, or selenodesy).

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Spacecraft

A spacecraft is a vehicle that is designed to fly and operate in outer space.

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Telemetry

Telemetry is the in situ collection of measurements or other data at remote points and their automatic transmission to receiving equipment (telecommunication) for monitoring.

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Terrestrial planet

A terrestrial planet, telluric planet, or rocky planet, is a planet that is composed primarily of silicate, rocks or metals.

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The Washington Post

The Washington Post, locally known as "the Post" and, informally, WaPo or WP, is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C., the national capital.

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United Launch Alliance

United Launch Alliance, LLC (ULA) is an American launch service provider formed in December 2006 as a joint venture between Lockheed Martin Space and Boeing Defense, Space & Security.

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USA-165

USA-165 or XSS-11 (Experimental Satellite System-11) is a small, washing-machine-sized, low-cost spacecraft developed by the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory's Space Vehicles Directorate to test technology for proximity operations.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRAIL

Also known as 2011-046, Discovery 11, Discovery mission 11, Ebb (spacecraft), Flow (spacecraft), GRAIL A, GRAIL B, GRAIL mission, Gravity Recovery And Interior Laboratory, Gravity Recovery and Internal Laboratory, MoonKAM.

, Science (journal), Selenography, Spacecraft, Telemetry, Terrestrial planet, The Washington Post, United Launch Alliance, USA-165.

GRAIL, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

2012 on the Moon

Destroyed space probes

Discovery Program

Gravimetry

Space probes launched in 2011

Spacecraft that impacted the Moon

Twin satellites

References