Gallic Wars, the Glossary
The Gallic Wars were waged between 58 and 50 BC by the Roman general Julius Caesar against the peoples of Gaul (present-day France, Belgium, Germany and Switzerland).[1]
Table of Contents
217 relations: Aedui, Alesia (city), Ambiani, Ambiorix, Appian, Aquitani, Ariovistus, Armorica, Arverni, Asterix, Atrebates, Attrition warfare, Atuatuci, Augustus, Aulus Hirtius, Auxilia, Avaricum, Balkans, Ballista, Battle of Alesia, Battle of Bibracte, Battle of Gergovia, Battle of Magetobriga, Battle of the Allia, Battle of the Sabis, Battle of the Teutoburg Forest, Belgae, Belgium, Bellovaci, Besançon, Bibracte, Bibrax, Bituriges Cubi, Boii, Cadurci, Caesar's civil war, Caesar, Life of a Colossus, Cambridge University Press, Camille Jullian, Caninia gens, Carnutes, Carthage, Cassivellaunus, Casus belli, Catuvellauni, Celtic Britons, Celts, Centurion, Charles Scribner's Sons, Charudes, ... Expand index (167 more) »
- 1st-century BC rebellions
- 50s BC conflicts
- Aedui
- Genocides in Europe
- Sequani
- Wars involving Germanic peoples
- Wars involving the Celts
Aedui
The Aedui or Haedui (Gaulish: *Aiduoi, 'the Ardent'; Aἴδουοι) were a Gallic tribe dwelling in what is now the region of Burgundy during the Iron Age and the Roman period.
Alesia (city)
Alesia was the capital of the Mandubii, one of the Gallic tribes allied with the Aedui.
See Gallic Wars and Alesia (city)
Ambiani
The Ambiani (Gaulish: Ambiāni, 'those around') were a Belgic coastal tribe dwelling in the modern Picardy region during the Iron Age and Roman periods.
Ambiorix
Ambiorix (Gaulish "king of the surroundings", or "king-protector") (54–53 BC) was, together with Cativolcus, prince of the Eburones, leader of a Belgic tribe of north-eastern Gaul (Gallia Belgica), where modern Belgium is located.
Appian
Appian of Alexandria (Appianòs Alexandreús; Appianus Alexandrinus) was a Greek historian with Roman citizenship who prospered during the reigns of the Roman Emperors Trajan, Hadrian, and Antoninus Pius.
Aquitani
The Aquitani were a tribe that lived in the region between the Pyrenees, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Garonne, in present-day southwestern France in the 1st century BC.
Ariovistus
Ariovistus was a leader of the Suebi and other allied Germanic peoples in the second quarter of the 1st century BC.
See Gallic Wars and Ariovistus
Armorica
In ancient times, Armorica or Aremorica (Gaulish: Aremorica; Arvorig; Armorique) was a region of Gaul between the Seine and the Loire that includes the Brittany Peninsula, extending inland to an indeterminate point and down the Atlantic Coast.
Arverni
The Arverni (Gaulish: *Aruernoi) were a Gallic people dwelling in the modern Auvergne region during the Iron Age and the Roman period.
Asterix
Asterix (Astérix or Astérix le Gaulois, "Asterix the Gaul") (also known as Asterix and Obelix in some adaptations or The Adventures of Asterix) is a comic book series about a village of indomitable Gaulish warriors (including the titular hero Asterix) who adventure around the world and fight the odds of the Roman Republic, with the aid of a magic potion, during the era of Julius Caesar, in an ahistorical telling of the time after the Gallic Wars.
Atrebates
The Atrebates (Gaulish: *Atrebatis, 'dwellers, land-owners, possessors of the soil') were a Belgic tribe of the Iron Age and the Roman period, originally dwelling in the Artois region.
Attrition warfare
Attrition warfare is a military strategy consisting of belligerent attempts to win a war by wearing down the enemy to the point of collapse through continuous losses in personnel, materiel and morale.
See Gallic Wars and Attrition warfare
Atuatuci
The Atuatuci (or Aduatuci) were a Gallic-Germanic tribe, dwelling in the eastern part of modern-day Belgium during the Iron Age.
Augustus
Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian (Octavianus), was the founder of the Roman Empire.
Aulus Hirtius
Aulus Hirtius (– 43 BC) was consul of the Roman Republic in 43 BC and a writer on military subjects.
See Gallic Wars and Aulus Hirtius
Auxilia
The auxilia were introduced as non-citizen troops attached to the citizen legions by Augustus after his reorganisation of the Imperial Roman army from 27 BC.
Avaricum
Avaricum was an oppidum in ancient Gaul, near what is now the city of Bourges.
Balkans
The Balkans, corresponding partially with the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographical area in southeastern Europe with various geographical and historical definitions.
Ballista
The ballista (Latin, from Greek βαλλίστρα ballistra and that from βάλλω ballō, "throw"), plural ballistae, sometimes called bolt thrower, was an ancient missile weapon that launched either bolts or stones at a distant target.
Battle of Alesia
The Battle of Alesia or siege of Alesia (September 52 BC) was the climactic military engagement of the Gallic Wars, fought around the Gallic oppidum (fortified settlement) of Alesia in modern France, a major centre of the Mandubii tribe.
See Gallic Wars and Battle of Alesia
Battle of Bibracte
The Battle of Bibracte was fought between the Helvetii and six Roman legions, under the command of Gaius Julius Caesar. Gallic Wars and Battle of Bibracte are 50s BC conflicts.
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Battle of Gergovia
The Battle of Gergovia took place in 52 BC in Gaul at Gergovia, the chief oppidum (fortified town) of the Arverni.
See Gallic Wars and Battle of Gergovia
Battle of Magetobriga
The Battle of Magetobriga (Amagetobria, Magetobria, Mageto'Bria, Admageto'Bria) was fought in 63 BC between rival tribes in Gaul. Gallic Wars and Battle of Magetobriga are Aedui and Sequani.
See Gallic Wars and Battle of Magetobriga
Battle of the Allia
The Battle of the Allia was fought between the Senones – a Gallic tribe led by Brennus, who had invaded Northern Italy – and the Roman Republic.
See Gallic Wars and Battle of the Allia
Battle of the Sabis
The Battle of the Sabis, also (arguably erroneously) known as the Battle of the Sambre or the Battle against the Nervians (or Nervii), was fought in 57 BC near modern Saulzoir in Northern France, between Caesar's legions and an association of Belgae tribes, principally the Nervii. Gallic Wars and Battle of the Sabis are 50s BC conflicts.
See Gallic Wars and Battle of the Sabis
Battle of the Teutoburg Forest
The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest, described as the Varus Disaster or Varian Disaster (Clades Variana) by Roman historians, was a major battle between Germanic tribes and the Roman Empire that took place somewhere near modern Kalkriese from September 8–11, 9 AD, when an alliance of Germanic peoples ambushed three Roman legions led by Publius Quinctilius Varus and their auxiliaries.
See Gallic Wars and Battle of the Teutoburg Forest
Belgae
The Belgae were a large confederation of tribes living in northern Gaul, between the English Channel, the west bank of the Rhine, and the northern bank of the river Seine, from at least the third century BC.
Belgium
Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe.
Bellovaci
The Bellovaci (Gaulish: Bellouacoi) were a Belgic tribe dwelling in the modern Picardy region, near the present-day city of Beauvais, during the Iron Age and the Roman period.
Besançon
Besançon (archaic Bisanz; Vesontio) is the prefecture of the department of Doubs in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. Gallic Wars and Besançon are Sequani.
Bibracte
Bibracte, a Gallic oppidum (fortified settlement), was the capital of the Aedui and one of the most important hillforts in Gaul. Gallic Wars and Bibracte are Aedui.
Bibrax
Bibrax is a Gallic oppidum (fortified settlement).
Bituriges Cubi
The Bituriges Cubi (Gaulish: Biturīges Cubi) were a Gallic tribe dwelling in a territory corresponding to the later province of Berry, which is named after them, during the Iron Age and the Roman period.
See Gallic Wars and Bituriges Cubi
Boii
The Boii (Latin plural, singular Boius; Βόιοι) were a Celtic tribe of the later Iron Age, attested at various times in Cisalpine Gaul (present-day Northern Italy), Pannonia (present-day Austria and Hungary), present-day Bavaria, in and around present-day Bohemia (after whom the region is named in most languages; comprising the bulk of today's Czech Republic), parts of present-day Slovakia and Poland, and Gallia Narbonensis (located in modern Languedoc and Provence).
Cadurci
The Cadurci were a Gallic tribe dwelling in the later region of Quercy during the Iron Age and the Roman period.
Caesar's civil war
Caesar's civil war (49–45 BC) was a civil war during the late Roman Republic between two factions led by Gaius Julius Caesar and Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (Pompey), respectively. Gallic Wars and Caesar's civil war are 1st century BC in the Roman Republic.
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Caesar, Life of a Colossus
Caesar, Life of a Colossus is a biography of Julius Caesar written by Adrian Goldsworthy and published in 2006 by Yale University PressCaesar, Life of a Colossus.
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Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.
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Camille Jullian
Camille Jullian (15 March 1859 – 12 December 1933) was a French historian, philologist, archaeologist and historian of literature.
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Caninia gens
The gens Caninia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome during the later Republic.
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Carnutes
The Carnutes or Carnuti (Gaulish: 'the horned ones'), were a Gallic tribe dwelling in an extensive territory between the Sequana (Seine) and the Liger (Loire) rivers during the Iron Age and the Roman period.
Carthage
Carthage was an ancient city in Northern Africa, on the eastern side of the Lake of Tunis in what is now Tunisia.
Cassivellaunus
Cassivellaunus was a historical British military leader who led the defence against Julius Caesar's second expedition to Britain in 54 BC.
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Casus belli
A casus belli is an act or an event that either provokes or is used to justify a war.
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Catuvellauni
The Catuvellauni (Common Brittonic: *Catu-wellaunī, "war-chiefs") were a Celtic tribe or state of southeastern Britain before the Roman conquest, attested by inscriptions into the 4th century.
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Celtic Britons
The Britons (*Pritanī, Britanni), also known as Celtic Britons or Ancient Britons, were an indigenous Celtic people who inhabited Great Britain from at least the British Iron Age until the High Middle Ages, at which point they diverged into the Welsh, Cornish, and Bretons (among others).
See Gallic Wars and Celtic Britons
Celts
The Celts (see pronunciation for different usages) or Celtic peoples were a collection of Indo-European peoples.
Centurion
In the Roman army during classical antiquity, a centurion (centurio,. label; kentyríōn, or), was a commander, nominally of a century, a military unit originally consisting of 100 legionaries.
Charles Scribner's Sons
Charles Scribner's Sons, or simply Scribner's or Scribner, is an American publisher based in New York City, known for publishing American authors including Henry James, Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Kurt Vonnegut, Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, Stephen King, Robert A. Heinlein, Thomas Wolfe, George Santayana, John Clellon Holmes, Don DeLillo, and Edith Wharton.
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Charudes
The Charudes or Harudes were a Germanic group first mentioned by Julius Caesar as one of the tribes who had followed Ariovistus across the Rhine.
Cicero
Marcus Tullius Cicero (3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, writer and Academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the establishment of the Roman Empire.
Cimbrian War
The Cimbrian or Cimbric War (113–101 BC) was fought between the Roman Republic and the Germanic and Celtic tribes of the Cimbri and the Teutons, Ambrones and Tigurini, who migrated from the Jutland peninsula into Roman-controlled territory, and clashed with Rome and her allies. Gallic Wars and Cimbrian War are wars involving Germanic peoples and wars involving the Celts.
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Cisalpine Gaul
Cisalpine Gaul (Gallia Cisalpina, also called Gallia Citerior or Gallia Togata) was the name given, especially during the 4th and 3rd centuries BC, to a region of land inhabited by Celts (Gauls), corresponding to what is now most of northern Italy.
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Claudius
Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (1 August – 13 October) was a Roman emperor, ruling from to 54.
Cohort (military unit)
A cohort (from the Latin cohors,: cohortes; see wikt:cohors for full inflection table) was a standard tactical military unit of a Roman legion.
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Comics
a medium used to express ideas with images, often combined with text or other visual information.
Commentarii de Bello Gallico (italic), also Bellum Gallicum (italic), is Julius Caesar's firsthand account of the Gallic Wars, written as a third-person narrative.
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Commius
Commius (Commios, Comius, Comnios) was a king of the Belgic nation of the Atrebates, initially in Gaul, then in Britain, in the 1st century BC.
Consul
Consul (abbrev. cos.; Latin plural consules) was the title of one of the two chief magistrates of the Roman Republic, and subsequently also an important title under the Roman Empire.
Coriosolites
The Coriosolites or Curiosolitae were a Gallic people dwelling on the northern coast of present-day Brittany during the Iron Age and the Roman period.
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Corvus (boarding device)
The corvus (Latin for "crow" or "raven") was a Roman ship mounted boarding ramp or drawbridge for naval boarding, first introduced during the First Punic War in sea battles against Carthage.
See Gallic Wars and Corvus (boarding device)
Crossing of the Rhine
The crossing of the Rhine River by a mixed group of barbarians which included Vandals, Alans and Suebi is traditionally considered to have occurred on the last day of the year 406 (December 31, 406).
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Da Capo Press
Da Capo Press is an American publishing company with headquarters in Boston, Massachusetts.
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Dacia
Dacia was the land inhabited by the Dacians, its core in Transylvania, stretching to the Danube in the south, the Black Sea in the east, and the Tisza in the west.
David Henige
David Patrick Henige (born 1938) is an American historian, bibliographer, academic librarian and Africanist scholar.
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Decimus Junius Brutus Albinus
Decimus Junius Brutus Albinus (27 April 81 BC – September 43 BC) was a Roman general and politician of the late republican period and one of the leading instigators of Julius Caesar's assassination.
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Dictator perpetuo
(English: "dictator in perpetuity"), also called dictator in perpetuum, was the office held by Julius Caesar just before the end of his life.
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Diodorus Siculus
Diodorus Siculus or Diodorus of Sicily (Diódōros; 1st century BC) was an ancient Greek historian.
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Diviciacus (Aedui)
Diviciacus or Divitiacus was a druid of the Aedui tribe who lived in Gaul during the 1st century BC. Gallic Wars and Diviciacus (Aedui) are Aedui.
See Gallic Wars and Diviciacus (Aedui)
Druid
A druid was a member of the high-ranking priestly class in ancient Celtic cultures.
Eburones
The Eburones (Greek: Ἐβούρωνες, Ἐβουρωνοί) were a Gaulish-Germanic tribe dwelling in the northeast of Gaul, who lived north of the Ardennes in the region near that is now the southern Netherlands, eastern Belgium and the German Rhineland, in the period immediately preceding the Roman conquest of the region. Gallic Wars and Eburones are Genocides in Europe.
Elbe
The Elbe (Labe; Ilv or Elv; Upper and Łobjo) is one of the major rivers of Central Europe.
Encyclopædia Britannica
The British Encyclopaedia is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.
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English Channel
The English Channel, also known as the Channel, is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that separates Southern England from northern France.
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Feigned retreat
A feigned retreat is a military tactic, a type of feint, whereby a military force pretends to withdraw or to have been routed, in order to lure an enemy into a position of vulnerability.
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Feint
Feint, a French term that entered English via the discipline of swordsmanship and fencing, is a maneuver designed to distract or mislead.
Ferdinand Lot
Ferdinand Victor Henri Lot (Le Plessis Piquet, 20 September 1866 – Fontenay-aux-Roses, 20 July 1952) was a French historian and medievalist.
See Gallic Wars and Ferdinand Lot
First Punic War
The First Punic War (264–241 BC) was the first of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage, the two main powers of the western Mediterranean in the early 3rd century BC.
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First Triumvirate
The First Triumvirate was an informal political alliance among three prominent politicians in the late Roman Republic: Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, Marcus Licinius Crassus, and Gaius Julius Caesar. Gallic Wars and First Triumvirate are 1st century BC in the Roman Republic.
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Fodder
Fodder, also called provender, is any agricultural foodstuff used specifically to feed domesticated livestock, such as cattle, rabbits, sheep, horses, chickens and pigs.
Fortification
A fortification (also called a fort, fortress, fastness, or stronghold) is a military construction designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is used to establish rule in a region during peacetime.
See Gallic Wars and Fortification
France
France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe.
Franz Steiner Verlag
Franz Steiner Verlag GmbH is a German academic publishing house, with headquarters in Stuttgart.
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Gaius Caninius Rebilus (consul 45 BC)
Gaius Caninius Rebilus (52 – 45 BC) was a Roman general and politician.
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Gaius Marius
Gaius Marius (– 13 January 86 BC) was a Roman general and statesman.
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Gaius Trebonius
Gaius Trebonius (c. 92 BC – January 43 BC) was a military commander and politician of the late Roman Republic, who became suffect consul in 45 BC.
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Gaius Valerius Troucillus
Gaius Valerius Troucillus or Procillus (fl. mid-1st century BC) was a Helvian Celt who served as an interpreter and envoy for Julius Caesar in the first year of the Gallic Wars.
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Gallia Aquitania
Gallia Aquitania, also known as Aquitaine or Aquitaine Gaul, was a province of the Roman Empire.
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Gallia Narbonensis
Gallia Narbonensis (Latin for "Gaul of Narbonne", from its chief settlement) was a Roman province located in what is now Occitania and Provence, in Southern France.
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Gallic Empire
The Gallic Empire or the Gallic Roman Empire are names used in modern historiography for a breakaway part of the Roman Empire that functioned de facto as a separate state from 260 to 274.
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Garrote
A garrote (alternatively spelled as garotte and similar variants)Oxford English Dictionary, 11th Ed: garrotte is normal British English spelling, with single r alternate.
Gaul
Gaul (Gallia) was a region of Western Europe first clearly described by the Romans, encompassing present-day France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and parts of Switzerland, the Netherlands, Germany, and Northern Italy.
Gauls
The Gauls (Galli; Γαλάται, Galátai) were a group of Celtic peoples of mainland Europe in the Iron Age and the Roman period (roughly 5th century BC to 5th century AD).
Genocide
Genocide is the intentional destruction of a people, either in whole or in part.
Gergovia
Gergovia was a Gaulish town in modern Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in the upper part of the basin of the Allier, near present-day Clermont-Ferrand.
Germanic peoples
The Germanic peoples were tribal groups who once occupied Northwestern and Central Europe and Scandinavia during antiquity and into the early Middle Ages.
See Gallic Wars and Germanic peoples
Germany
Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), is a country in Central Europe.
Gorgobina
Gorgobina was a Celtic oppidum (fortified city) on the territory of the Aedui tribe. Gallic Wars and Gorgobina are Aedui.
Grappling hook
A grappling hook or grapnel is a device that typically has multiple hooks (known as claws or flukes) attached to a rope or cable; it is thrown, dropped, sunk, projected, or fastened directly by hand to where at least one hook may catch and hold on to objects.
See Gallic Wars and Grappling hook
Great Britain
Great Britain (commonly shortened to Britain) is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north-west coast of continental Europe, consisting of the countries England, Scotland and Wales.
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Great St Bernard Pass
The Great St Bernard Pass (Col du Grand St-Bernard, Colle del Gran San Bernardo, Grosser Sankt Bernhard; Pass del Grond Son Bernard) is the third highest road pass in Switzerland, at an elevation of.
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Greek and Roman artillery
The Greeks and Romans both made extensive use of artillery for shooting large arrows, bolts or spherical stones or metal balls.
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Hachette Books
Hachette Books, formerly Hyperion Books, is a general-interest book imprint of the Perseus Books Group, which is a division of Hachette Book Group and ultimately a part of Lagardère Group.
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Hans Delbrück
Hans Gottlieb Leopold Delbrück (11 November 1848 – 14 July 1929) was a German historian.
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Helvetii
The Helvetii (Gaulish: *Heluētī), anglicized as Helvetians, were a Celtic tribe or tribal confederation occupying most of the Swiss plateau at the time of their contact with the Roman Republic in the 1st century BC.
Hispania Ulterior
Hispania Ulterior (English: "Further Hispania", or occasionally "Thither Hispania") was a Roman province located in Hispania (on the Iberian peninsula) during the Roman Republic, roughly located in Baetica and in the Guadalquivir valley of modern Spain and extending to all of Lusitania (modern Portugal, Extremadura and a small part of Salamanca province) and Gallaecia (modern Northern Portugal and Galicia).
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Historia (classical antiquity history journal)
Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte is a peer-reviewed academic journal specialising in Greek and Roman antiquity.
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Historical fiction
Historical fiction is a literary genre in which a fictional plot takes place in the setting of particular real historical events.
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Illyricum (Roman province)
Illyricum was a Roman province that existed from 27 BC to sometime during the reign of Vespasian (69–79 AD).
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Indutiomarus
Indutiomarus (died 53 BC) was a leading aristocrat of the Treveri (the people of the area around present-day Trier) at the time of Julius Caesar's conquest of Gaul.
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Investment (military)
Investment is the military process of surrounding an enemy fort (or town) with armed forces to prevent entry or escape.
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Italy
Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern and Western Europe.
Johns Hopkins University Press
Johns Hopkins University Press (also referred to as JHU Press or JHUP) is the publishing division of Johns Hopkins University.
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Julius Caesar
Gaius Julius Caesar (12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman.
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Julius Caesar's invasions of Britain
In the course of his Gallic Wars, Julius Caesar invaded Britain twice: in 55 and 54 BC. Gallic Wars and Julius Caesar's invasions of Britain are 1st century BC in the Roman Republic and 50s BC conflicts.
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Kent
Kent is a county in the South East England region, the closest county to continental Europe.
Kurt Raaflaub
Kurt Arnold Raaflaub (15 February 1941 – 12 September 2023) was a Swiss historian and Emeritus Professor of Classics and History at Brown University, where he taught Greek and Roman history.
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La Tène culture
The La Tène culture was a European Iron Age culture.
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Latin
Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
Legio VII Claudia
Legio VII Claudia (Latin for "The 7th Claudian Legion") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army.
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Legio VIII Augusta
Legio VIII Augusta ("Augustus' Eighth Legion") was one of the oldest legions of the Imperial Roman army.
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Legio X Equestris
Legio X Equestris, a Roman legion, was one of the most trusted legions of Julius Caesar.
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Lex Vatinia
The lex Vatinia (probably passed in May or early June 59 BC) also known as the lex Vatinia de provincia Caesaris or the lex Vatinia de imperio Caesaris, was legislation which gave Gaius Julius Caesar governorship of the provinces of Cisalpine Gaul and Illyricum for five years.
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Lexovii
The Lexovii (Gaulish: *Lexsouioi, 'the leaning, lame'), were a Gallic tribe dwelling immediately west of the mouth of the Seine, around present-day Lisieux, during the Iron Age and the Roman period.
Lionel Royer
Lionel-Noël Royer (25 December 1852 – 30 June 1926) was a French painter.
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Livy
Titus Livius (59 BC – AD 17), known in English as Livy, was a Roman historian.
Loire
The Loire (Léger; Lêre; Liger; Liger) is the longest river in France and the 171st longest in the world.
Luca Conference
The Luca Conference was a 56 BC meeting of the three Roman politicians of the First Triumvirate — Caesar, Pompey and Crassus — that took place at the town of Luca (modern Lucca, in Tuscany), near Pisa. Gallic Wars and Luca Conference are 1st century BC in the Roman Republic.
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Lucius Aurunculeius Cotta
Lucius Aurunculeius Cotta (Lūcius Aurunculēius Cotta,; died 54 BC) was an officer in the Gallic army of Gaius Julius Caesar.
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Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus (consul 58 BC)
Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus (101 BC – c. 43 BC) was a Roman senator and the father-in-law of Julius Caesar through his daughter Calpurnia.
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Lucius Munatius Plancus
Lucius Munatius Plancus (&ndash) was a Roman senator, consul in 42 BC, and censor in 22 BC with Paullus Aemilius Lepidus.
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Lucius Roscius Fabatus
Lucius Roscius Fabatus (95–90 BC – April 43 BC) was a military officer and politician of the late Roman Republic.
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Lucterius
Lucterius (Ancient Greek: Λυκτεριoς) was a leader of the Cadurci, a Celtic people whose territory was located around Cahors in the modern French department of Lot.
Lusitanians
The Lusitanians were an Indo-European-speaking people living in the far west of the Iberian Peninsula, in present-day central Portugal and Extremadura and Castilla y Leon of Spain.
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Luxembourg
Luxembourg (Lëtzebuerg; Luxemburg; Luxembourg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, is a small landlocked country in Western Europe.
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Mamertine Prison
The Mamertine Prison (Carcere Mamertino), in antiquity the Tullianum, was a prison (carcer) with a dungeon (oubliette) located in the Comitium in ancient Rome.
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Mandubii
The Mandubii (Gaulish: *Mandubioi) were a small Gallic tribe dwelling in and around their chief town Alesia, in modern Côte-d'Or, during the Iron Age and the Roman period.
Maniple (military unit)
Maniple (manipulus) was a tactical unit of the Roman Republican armies, adopted during the Samnite Wars (343–290 BC).
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Marcus Licinius Crassus
Marcus Licinius Crassus (115 – 53 BC) was a Roman general and statesman who played a key role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire.
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Mark Antony
Marcus Antonius (14 January 1 August 30 BC), commonly known in English as Mark Antony, was a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from a constitutional republic into the autocratic Roman Empire.
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Menapii
The Menapii were a Belgic tribe dwelling near the North Sea, around present-day Cassel, during the Iron Age and the Roman period.
Military campaign
A military campaign is large-scale long-duration significant military strategy plan incorporating a series of interrelated military operations or battles forming a distinct part of a larger conflict often called a war.
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Morini
The Morini (Gaulish: 'sea folk, sailors') were a Belgic coastal tribe dwelling in the modern Pas de Calais region, around present-day Boulogne-sur-Mer, during the Iron Age and the Roman period.
Natural borders of France
The natural borders of France (Frontières naturelles de la France) were a nationalist model of French state-building developed during the French Revolution that called for the expansion of France's borders to prominent natural boundaries.
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Nervii
The Nervii were one of the most powerful Belgic tribes of northern Gaul at the time of its conquest by Rome.
Northern Italy
Northern Italy (Italia settentrionale, label, label) is a geographical and cultural region in the northern part of Italy.
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Old French
Old French (franceis, françois, romanz; ancien français) was the language spoken in most of the northern half of France approximately between the late 8th and the mid-14th century.
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Oppidum
An oppidum (oppida) is a large fortified Iron Age settlement or town.
Orion Publishing Group
Orion Publishing Group Ltd.
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Osprey Publishing
Osprey Publishing is a British publishing company specializing in military history based in Oxford.
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Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.
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Pegwell Bay
Pegwell Bay is a shallow inlet in the English Channel coast astride the estuary of the River Stour north of Sandwich Bay, between Ramsgate and Sandwich in Kent.
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Pincer movement
The pincer movement, or double envelopment, is a military maneuver in which forces simultaneously attack both flanks (sides) of an enemy formation.
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Po Valley
The Po Valley, Po Plain, Plain of the Po, or Padan Plain (Pianura Padana, or Val Padana) is a major geographical feature of Northern Italy.
Polybius
Polybius (Πολύβιος) was a Greek historian of the middle Hellenistic period.
Pompey
Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (29 September 106 BC – 28 September 48 BC), known in English as Pompey or Pompey the Great, was a general and statesman of the Roman Republic.
Pontoon bridge
A pontoon bridge (or ponton bridge), also known as a floating bridge, uses floats or shallow-draft boats to support a continuous deck for pedestrian and vehicle travel.
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Proconsul
A proconsul was an official of ancient Rome who acted on behalf of a consul.
Provence
Provence is a geographical region and historical province of southeastern France, which extends from the left bank of the lower Rhône to the west to the Italian border to the east; it is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the south.
Publius Licinius Crassus (son of triumvir)
Publius Licinius Crassus (86 or 82 – 53 BC) was one of two sons of Marcus Licinius Crassus, the so-called "triumvir", and Tertulla, daughter of Marcus Terentius Varro Lucullus.
See Gallic Wars and Publius Licinius Crassus (son of triumvir)
Quaestor
A quaestor ("investigator") was a public official in ancient Rome.
Quiberon Bay
Quiberon Bay (Baie de Quiberon,; Bae Kiberen) is an area of sheltered water on the south coast of Brittany.
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Quintus Caecilius Metellus Celer
Quintus Caecilius Metellus Celer (– 59 BC) was a Roman politician who was consul in 60 BC and in the next year opposed Pompey, Caesar, and the so-called First Triumvirate's political programme.
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Quintus Sertorius
Quintus Sertorius (– 73 or 72 BC) was a Roman general and statesman who led a large-scale rebellion against the Roman Senate on the Iberian peninsula.
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Quintus Titurius Sabinus
Quintus Titurius Sabinus (Quīntus Titūrius Sabīnus,; died 54 BC) was one of Caesar's legates during the Gallic Wars.
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Quintus Tullius Cicero
Quintus Tullius Cicero (102 BC – 43 BC) was a Roman statesman and military leader, as well as the younger brother of Marcus Tullius Cicero.
See Gallic Wars and Quintus Tullius Cicero
Remi
The Remi (Gaulish: Rēmi, 'the first, the princes') were a Belgic tribe dwelling in the Aisne, Vesle and Suippe river valleys during the Iron Age and the Roman period.
Rhône
The Rhône is a major river in France and Switzerland, rising in the Alps and flowing west and south through Lake Geneva and Southeastern France before discharging into the Mediterranean Sea.
Rhine
--> The Rhine is one of the major European rivers.
Roman army
The Roman army (Latin: exercitus Romanus) was the armed forces deployed by the Romans throughout the duration of Ancient Rome, from the Roman Kingdom (753 BC–509 BC) to the Roman Republic (509 BC–27 BC) and the Roman Empire (27 BC–476 AD), and its medieval continuation, the Eastern Roman Empire.
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Roman conquest of Britain
The Roman conquest of Britain was the Roman Empire's conquest of most of the island of Britain, which was inhabited by the Celtic Britons.
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Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.
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Roman Gaul
Roman Gaul refers to GaulThe territory of Gaul roughly corresponds to modern-day France, Belgium and Luxembourg, and adjacient parts of the Netherlands, Switzerland and Germany.
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Roman legion
The Roman legion (legiō), the largest military unit of the Roman army, was composed of Roman citizens serving as legionaries.
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Roman military personal equipment
Roman military personal equipment was produced in large numbers to established patterns, and used in an established manner.
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Roman Republic
The Roman Republic (Res publica Romana) was the era of classical Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom (traditionally dated to 509 BC) and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire following the War of Actium.
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Roman siege engines
Roman siege engines were, for the most part, adapted from Hellenistic siege technology.
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Routledge
Routledge is a British multinational publisher.
Saône
The Saône (Sona; Arar) is a river in eastern France.
Saintonge (region)
Saintonge, historically spelled Xaintonge and Xainctonge, is a region of France located on the west central Atlantic coast, corresponding with the former province of the same name.
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Sambre
The Sambre is a river in northern France and in Wallonia, Belgium.
Sarcina
The sarcina was the marching pack carried by Roman legionaries, the heavy infantry of the Roman legions.
SciFiDimensions
SciFiDimensions was an online science fiction magazine published monthly between February 2000 and February 2010, when it went on hiatus.
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Scipio Aemilianus
Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Aemilianus (185 BC – 129 BC), known as Scipio Aemilianus or Scipio Africanus the Younger, was a Roman general and statesman noted for his military exploits in the Third Punic War against Carthage and during the Numantine War in Spain.
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Senones
The Senones or Senonii (Gaulish: "the ancient ones") were an ancient Gallic tribe dwelling in the Seine basin, around present-day Sens, during the Iron Age and the Roman period.
Sens
Sens is a commune in the Yonne department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in north-central France, 120 km from Paris.
Sequani
The Sequani were a Gallic tribe dwelling in the upper river basin of the Arar river (Saône), the valley of the Doubs and the Jura Mountains during the Iron Age and the Roman period.
Sertorian War
The Sertorian War was a civil war fought from 80 to 72 BC between two Roman factions, one led by Quintus Sertorius and another led by the senate as constituted in the aftermath of Sulla's civil war. Gallic Wars and Sertorian War are 1st century BC in the Roman Republic, 1st-century BC rebellions and wars involving the Celts.
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Servius Sulpicius Galba (praetor 54 BC)
Servius Sulpicius Galba was a Roman general and politician, praetor in 54 BC, and an assassin of Julius Caesar.
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Siege of Uxellodunum
The siege of Uxellodunum was one of the last battles of the Gallic Wars. Gallic Wars and siege of Uxellodunum are 1st century BC in the Roman Republic and 50s BC conflicts.
See Gallic Wars and Siege of Uxellodunum
Siege tower
A Roman siege tower or breaching tower (or in the Middle Ages, a belfryCastle: Stephen Biesty's Cross-Sections. Dorling Kindersley Pub (T); 1st American edition (September 1994). Siege towers were invented in 300 BC.) is a specialized siege engine, constructed to protect assailants and ladders while approaching the defensive walls of a fortification.
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Slavery in ancient Rome
Slavery in ancient Rome played an important role in society and the economy.
See Gallic Wars and Slavery in ancient Rome
Sling (weapon)
A sling is a projectile weapon typically used to hand-throw a blunt projectile such as a stone, clay, or lead "sling-bullet".
See Gallic Wars and Sling (weapon)
Sotiates
The Sotiates were a Gallic-Aquitani tribe dwelling in the region surrounding the modern town of Sos (Lot-et-Garonne) during the Iron Age and the Roman period.
Spin (propaganda)
In public relations and politics, spin is a form of propaganda, achieved through knowingly providing a biased interpretation of an event or campaigning to influence public opinion about some organization or public figure.
See Gallic Wars and Spin (propaganda)
Strategy of the Roman military
The strategy of the Roman military contains its grand strategy (the arrangements made by the state to implement its political goals through a selection of military goals, a process of diplomacy backed by threat of military action, and a dedication to the military of part of its production and resources), operational strategy (the coordination and combination of the military forces and their tactics for the goals of an overarching strategy) and, on a small scale, its military tactics (methods for military engagement in order to defeat the enemy).
See Gallic Wars and Strategy of the Roman military
Suebi
The Suebi (also spelled Suevi) or Suebians were a large group of Germanic peoples originally from the Elbe river region in what is now Germany and the Czech Republic.
Suessiones
The Suessiones were a Belgic tribe, dwelling in the modern Aisne and Oise regions during the La Tène and Roman periods.
See Gallic Wars and Suessiones
Supplicatio
In ancient Roman religion, a supplicatio is a day of public prayer during times of crisis or a thanksgiving for receipt of aid.
See Gallic Wars and Supplicatio
Switzerland
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe.
See Gallic Wars and Switzerland
Tencteri
The Tencteri or Tenchteri or Tenctheri (in Plutarch's Greek, Tenteritē and possibly the same as the Tenkeroi mentioned by Claudius Ptolemy if these were not the Tungri) were an ancient tribe, who moved into the area on the right bank (the northern or eastern bank) of the lower Rhine in the 1st century BC.
Titus Labienus
Titus Labienus (c. 10017 March 45 BC) was a high-ranking military officer in the late Roman Republic.
See Gallic Wars and Titus Labienus
Treveri
The Treveri (Gaulish: *Treweroi) were a Germanic or Celtic tribe of the Belgae group who inhabited the lower valley of the Moselle in modern day Germany from around 150 BCE, if not earlier, until their displacement by the Franks.
Tulingi
The Tulingi were a small tribe closely allied to the Celtic Helvetii in the time of Julius Caesar's conquest of Gaul.
University of Leicester
The University of Leicester is a public research university based in Leicester, England.
See Gallic Wars and University of Leicester
University of Nebraska Press
The University of Nebraska Press (UNP) was founded in 1941 and is an academic publisher of scholarly and general-interest books.
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University of Oklahoma
The University of Oklahoma (OU) is a public research university in Norman, Oklahoma, United States.
See Gallic Wars and University of Oklahoma
Usipetes
The Usipetes or Usipii (in Plutarch's Greek, Ousipai, and possibly the same as the Ouispoi of Ptolemy) were an ancient tribe who moved into the area on the right bank (the northern or eastern bank) of the lower Rhine in the first century BC, putting them in contact with Gaul and the Roman empire.
Uxellodunum
Uxellodunum is an Iron Age hill fort, or oppidum, located above the river Dordogne near the modern-day French village of Vayrac in the Lot department.
See Gallic Wars and Uxellodunum
Venelli
The Venellī or Unellī (Gaulish: *Uenellī/Wenellī) were a Gallic tribe dwelling on the Cotentin peninsula, in the northwest of modern Normandy, during the Iron Age and the Roman period.
Veneti (Gaul)
The Venetī (Gaulish: Uenetoi) were a Gallic tribe dwelling in Armorica, in the southern part of the Brittany Peninsula, during the Iron Age and the Roman period.
See Gallic Wars and Veneti (Gaul)
Vercingetorix
Vercingetorix (Οὐερκιγγετόριξ; – 46 BC) was a Gallic king and chieftain of the Arverni tribe who united the Gauls in a failed revolt against Roman forces during the last phase of Julius Caesar's Gallic Wars.
See Gallic Wars and Vercingetorix
Villeneuve-Saint-Germain
Villeneuve-Saint-Germain is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
See Gallic Wars and Villeneuve-Saint-Germain
Viromandui
The Viromanduī or Veromanduī (Gaulish: *Uiromanduoi) were a Belgic tribe dwelling in the modern Vermandois region (Picardy) during the Iron Age and Roman periods.
See Gallic Wars and Viromandui
Wagon train
A wagon train is a group of wagons traveling together.
See Gallic Wars and Wagon train
Weidenfeld & Nicolson
Weidenfeld & Nicolson Ltd (established 1949), often shortened to W&N or Weidenfeld, is a British publisher of fiction and reference books.
See Gallic Wars and Weidenfeld & Nicolson
Wheathampstead
Wheathampstead is a village and civil parish in Hertfordshire, England, north of St Albans.
See Gallic Wars and Wheathampstead
See also
1st-century BC rebellions
50s BC conflicts
- Battle of Bibracte
- Battle of Bovillae
- Battle of Carrhae
- Battle of Morbihan
- Battle of Octodurus
- Battle of Vosges (58 BC)
- Battle of the Axona
- Battle of the Sabis
- Gallic Wars
- Julius Caesar's invasions of Britain
- Siege of Uxellodunum
Aedui
- Aedui
- Autun
- Battle of Magetobriga
- Bibracte
- Diviciacus (Aedui)
- Dumnorix
- Gaius Julius Vercondaridubnus
- Gallic Wars
- Gorgobina
- Liscus
- Mâcon
- Nevers
- Reticius
- Revolt of Sacrovir
- Temple of Janus (Autun)
- Vergobret
Genocides in Europe
- Albigensian Crusade
- Armenian genocide
- Bosnian genocide
- Caucasian War
- Chechen genocide
- Chetnik war crimes in World War II
- Circassian genocide
- De-Cossackization
- Deportation of the Chechens and Ingush
- Deportation of the Crimean Tatars
- Eburones
- Egica
- Expulsions and exoduses of Jews
- Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–1950)
- Gallic Wars
- Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia
- Genocide of the Ingrian Finns
- Great Gypsy Round-up
- Greek Operation
- Greek genocide
- Hamidian massacres
- Holodomor
- Hunger Plan
- Khmelnytsky Uprising
- List of armed conflicts between Bosnia and Serbia
- Massacres of Albanians in the Balkan Wars
- Nazi war crimes in occupied Poland during World War II
- Norwegianization of the Sámi
- Persecution of Muslims during the Ottoman contraction
- Pogroms during the Russian Civil War
- Polish Operation of the NKVD
- Population transfer in the Soviet Union
- Recognition of the genocide of the Ingush people
- Soviet repressions of Polish citizens (1939–1946)
- The Holocaust
- What Russia Should Do with Ukraine
- World War II crimes in Poland
Sequani
- Battle of Magetobriga
- Besançon
- Breisach
- Broye-Aubigney-Montseugny
- Casticus
- Catamantaloedes
- Gallic Wars
- Luxeuil-les-Bains
- Luxiol
- Mandeure
- Noyers, Yonne
- Pontarlier
- Pontoux
- Port-sur-Saône
- Sequana
- Sequani
- Seveux
- Sundgau
- Vesoul
Wars involving Germanic peoples
- Barbarian invasions into the Roman Empire of the 3rd century
- Chronology of warfare between the Romans and Germanic peoples
- Cimbrian War
- Dardanian–Bastarnic war
- Frisian–Frankish wars
- Gallic Wars
- German and Sarmatian campaigns of Constantine
- Great Conspiracy
- Marcomannic Wars
- Revolt of the Batavi
- Saxon Wars
- Third Servile War
- Vandal War (461–468)
- Vandalic War
Wars involving the Celts
- Celtic settlement of Southeast Europe
- Cimbrian War
- Dardanian–Bastarnic war
- Galatian War
- Gallic Wars
- Roman–Gallic wars
- Roman–Seleucid war
- Sertorian War
- Third Servile War
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallic_Wars
Also known as Bello Gallico, Caesar's conquest of Gaul, Conquest of Gaul, Gallic War, Gallic genocide, Helvetian War, Julius Caesar and the war in Gaul, Julius Caesar's conquest of Gaul, Roman conquest of Gaul, Roman invasion of Gaul, The Conquest of Gaul, The Gallic War, The Gallic Wars.
, Cicero, Cimbrian War, Cisalpine Gaul, Claudius, Cohort (military unit), Comics, Commentarii de Bello Gallico, Commius, Consul, Coriosolites, Corvus (boarding device), Crossing of the Rhine, Da Capo Press, Dacia, David Henige, Decimus Junius Brutus Albinus, Dictator perpetuo, Diodorus Siculus, Diviciacus (Aedui), Druid, Eburones, Elbe, Encyclopædia Britannica, English Channel, Feigned retreat, Feint, Ferdinand Lot, First Punic War, First Triumvirate, Fodder, Fortification, France, Franz Steiner Verlag, Gaius Caninius Rebilus (consul 45 BC), Gaius Marius, Gaius Trebonius, Gaius Valerius Troucillus, Gallia Aquitania, Gallia Narbonensis, Gallic Empire, Garrote, Gaul, Gauls, Genocide, Gergovia, Germanic peoples, Germany, Gorgobina, Grappling hook, Great Britain, Great St Bernard Pass, Greek and Roman artillery, Hachette Books, Hans Delbrück, Helvetii, Hispania Ulterior, Historia (classical antiquity history journal), Historical fiction, Illyricum (Roman province), Indutiomarus, Investment (military), Italy, Johns Hopkins University Press, Julius Caesar, Julius Caesar's invasions of Britain, Kent, Kurt Raaflaub, La Tène culture, Latin, Legio VII Claudia, Legio VIII Augusta, Legio X Equestris, Lex Vatinia, Lexovii, Lionel Royer, Livy, Loire, Luca Conference, Lucius Aurunculeius Cotta, Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus (consul 58 BC), Lucius Munatius Plancus, Lucius Roscius Fabatus, Lucterius, Lusitanians, Luxembourg, Mamertine Prison, Mandubii, Maniple (military unit), Marcus Licinius Crassus, Mark Antony, Menapii, Military campaign, Morini, Natural borders of France, Nervii, Northern Italy, Old French, Oppidum, Orion Publishing Group, Osprey Publishing, Oxford University Press, Pegwell Bay, Pincer movement, Po Valley, Polybius, Pompey, Pontoon bridge, Proconsul, Provence, Publius Licinius Crassus (son of triumvir), Quaestor, Quiberon Bay, Quintus Caecilius Metellus Celer, Quintus Sertorius, Quintus Titurius Sabinus, Quintus Tullius Cicero, Remi, Rhône, Rhine, Roman army, Roman conquest of Britain, Roman Empire, Roman Gaul, Roman legion, Roman military personal equipment, Roman Republic, Roman siege engines, Routledge, Saône, Saintonge (region), Sambre, Sarcina, SciFiDimensions, Scipio Aemilianus, Senones, Sens, Sequani, Sertorian War, Servius Sulpicius Galba (praetor 54 BC), Siege of Uxellodunum, Siege tower, Slavery in ancient Rome, Sling (weapon), Sotiates, Spin (propaganda), Strategy of the Roman military, Suebi, Suessiones, Supplicatio, Switzerland, Tencteri, Titus Labienus, Treveri, Tulingi, University of Leicester, University of Nebraska Press, University of Oklahoma, Usipetes, Uxellodunum, Venelli, Veneti (Gaul), Vercingetorix, Villeneuve-Saint-Germain, Viromandui, Wagon train, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, Wheathampstead.