en.unionpedia.org

Ghost Dance, the Glossary

Index Ghost Dance

The Ghost Dance (Caddo: Nanissáanah, also called the Ghost Dance of 1890) is a ceremony incorporated into numerous Native American belief systems.[1]

Table of Contents

  1. 106 relations: Alice Beck Kehoe, American Indian boarding schools, Anthropologist, Arizona, Arnold Short Bull, Benjamin Harrison, Bison, Boxer Rebellion, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee, Caddo, Caddo language, California, Carbine, Caroline Weldon, Chinese spirit possession, Christianity, Circle dance, Clothing, Columbia Plateau, Cora Du Bois, Cultural assimilation of Native Americans, Cyperus, Cyperus esculentus, Daily Kos, David Stannard, Dawes Act, Dee Brown (writer), Drum beat, Drum kit, Economic system, European colonization of the Americas, Fear of ghosts, Ghost shirt, Great Sioux Reservation, History Nebraska, Hotchkiss gun, Hunkpapa, Idaho, James McLaughlin (Indian agent), James Mooney, Jesus, John Fire Lame Deer, Kenya, Kicking Bear, Lakota language, Lakota people, Lakota Woman, Leslie Spier, Louis S. Warren, ... Expand index (56 more) »

  2. Caddo
  3. Eschatology
  4. Ghost Dance movement
  5. Lakota culture
  6. Native American music
  7. Paiute
  8. Religion in Oklahoma
  9. Shamanism
  10. Shamanism of the Americas

Alice Beck Kehoe

Alice Beck Kehoe (born 1934, New York City) is a feminist anthropologist and archaeologist.

See Ghost Dance and Alice Beck Kehoe

American Indian boarding schools

American Indian boarding schools, also known more recently as American Indian residential schools, were established in the United States from the mid-17th to the early 20th centuries with a primary objective of "civilizing" or assimilating Native American children and youth into Anglo-American culture.

See Ghost Dance and American Indian boarding schools

Anthropologist

An anthropologist is a person engaged in the practice of anthropology.

See Ghost Dance and Anthropologist

Arizona

Arizona (Hoozdo Hahoodzo; Alĭ ṣonak) is a landlocked state in the Southwestern region of the United States.

See Ghost Dance and Arizona

Arnold Short Bull

Arnold Short Bull (Lakota: Tȟatȟáŋka Ptéčela; c. 1845 – 1915), a member of the Sičháŋǧu (Brulé) Lakota tribe of Native Americans, instrumental in bringing the Ghost Dance movement to the Rosebud Reservation. Ghost Dance and Arnold Short Bull are ghost Dance movement.

See Ghost Dance and Arnold Short Bull

Benjamin Harrison

Benjamin Harrison (August 20, 1833March 13, 1901) was an American politician who served as the 23rd president of the United States from 1889 to 1893.

See Ghost Dance and Benjamin Harrison

Bison

A bison (bison) is a large bovine in the genus Bison (Greek: "wild ox" (bison)) within the tribe Bovini.

See Ghost Dance and Bison

Boxer Rebellion

The Boxer Rebellion, also known as the Boxer Uprising or the Boxer Insurrection, was an anti-foreign, anti-imperialist, and anti-Christian uprising in North China between 1899 and 1901, towards the end of the Qing dynasty, by the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists, known as the "Boxers" in English due to many of its members having practised Chinese martial arts, which at the time were referred to as "Chinese boxing". Ghost Dance and Boxer Rebellion are Shamanism.

See Ghost Dance and Boxer Rebellion

Bureau of Indian Affairs

The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), also known as Indian Affairs (IA), is a United States federal agency within the Department of the Interior.

See Ghost Dance and Bureau of Indian Affairs

Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee

Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee: An Indian History of the American West is a 1970 non-fiction book by American writer Dee Brown that covers the history of Native Americans in the American West in the late nineteenth century.

See Ghost Dance and Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee

Caddo

The Caddo people comprise the Caddo Nation of Oklahoma, a federally recognized tribe headquartered in Binger, Oklahoma.

See Ghost Dance and Caddo

Caddo language

Caddo is a Native American language, the traditional language of the Caddo Nation. Ghost Dance and Caddo language are Caddo.

See Ghost Dance and Caddo language

California

California is a state in the Western United States, lying on the American Pacific Coast.

See Ghost Dance and California

Carbine

A carbine is a long gun that has a barrel shortened from its original length.

See Ghost Dance and Carbine

Caroline Weldon

Caroline Weldon (born Susanna Karolina Faesch; December 4, 1844March 15, 1921) was a Swiss-American artist and activist with the National Indian Defense Association.

See Ghost Dance and Caroline Weldon

Chinese spirit possession

Chinese spirit possession is a practice performed by specialists called jitong (a type of shaman) in Chinese folk religion involving the channeling of Chinese deities who are invited to take control of the specialist's body, resulting in noticeable changes in body functions and behaviour.

See Ghost Dance and Chinese spirit possession

Christianity

Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.

See Ghost Dance and Christianity

Circle dance

Circle dance, or chain dance, is a style of social dance done in a circle, semicircle or a curved line to musical accompaniment, such as rhythm instruments and singing, and is a type of dance where anyone can join in without the need of partners. Ghost Dance and circle dance are circle dances.

See Ghost Dance and Circle dance

Clothing

Clothing (also known as clothes, garments, dress, apparel, or attire) is any item worn on the body.

See Ghost Dance and Clothing

Columbia Plateau

The Columbia Plateau is a geologic and geographic region that lies across parts of the U.S. states of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho.

See Ghost Dance and Columbia Plateau

Cora Du Bois

Cora Alice Du Bois (October 26, 1903 – April 7, 1991) was an American cultural anthropologist and a key figure in culture and personality studies and in psychological anthropology more generally.

See Ghost Dance and Cora Du Bois

Cultural assimilation of Native Americans

A series of efforts were made by the United States to assimilate Native Americans into mainstream European–American culture between the years of 1790 and 1920.

See Ghost Dance and Cultural assimilation of Native Americans

Cyperus

Cyperus is a large genus of about 700 species of sedges, distributed throughout all continents in both tropical and temperate regions.

See Ghost Dance and Cyperus

Cyperus esculentus

Cyperus esculentus (also called chufa, tiger nut, atadwe, yellow nutsedge, earth almond, and in Chishona, pfende) is a species of plant in the sedge family widespread across much of the world.

See Ghost Dance and Cyperus esculentus

Daily Kos

Daily Kos is a group blog and internet forum focused on the U.S. Democratic Party and progressive liberal American politics.

See Ghost Dance and Daily Kos

David Stannard

David Edward Stannard (born 1941) is an American historian and Professor of American Studies at the University of Hawaii.

See Ghost Dance and David Stannard

Dawes Act

The Dawes Act of 1887 (also known as the General Allotment Act or the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887) regulated land rights on tribal territories within the United States.

See Ghost Dance and Dawes Act

Dee Brown (writer)

Dorris Alexander "Dee" Brown (February 29, 1908 – December 12, 2002) was an American novelist, historian, and librarian.

See Ghost Dance and Dee Brown (writer)

Drum beat

A drum beat or drum pattern is a rhythmic pattern, or repeated rhythm establishing the meter and groove through the pulse and subdivision, played on drum kits and other percussion instruments.

See Ghost Dance and Drum beat

Drum kit

A drum kit (also called a drum set, trap set, or simply drums in popular music context) is a collection of drums, cymbals, and sometimes other auxiliary percussion instruments set up to be played by one person.

See Ghost Dance and Drum kit

Economic system

An economic system, or economic order, is a system of production, resource allocation and distribution of goods and services within a society.

See Ghost Dance and Economic system

European colonization of the Americas

During the Age of Discovery, a large scale colonization of the Americas, involving a number of European countries, took place primarily between the late 15th century and the early 19th century.

See Ghost Dance and European colonization of the Americas

Fear of ghosts

The fear of ghosts in many human cultures is based on beliefs that some ghosts may be malevolent towards people and dangerous (within the range of all possible attitudes, including mischievous, benign, indifferent, etc.). It is related to fear of the dark.

See Ghost Dance and Fear of ghosts

Ghost shirt

Ghost shirts are shirts, or other clothing items, worn by members of the Ghost Dance religion, and thought to be imbued with spiritual powers. Ghost Dance and Ghost shirt are ghost Dance movement.

See Ghost Dance and Ghost shirt

Great Sioux Reservation

The Great Sioux Reservation initially set aside land west of the Missouri River in South Dakota and Nebraska for the use of the Sioux, who had dominated this territory.

See Ghost Dance and Great Sioux Reservation

History Nebraska

History Nebraska, formerly the Nebraska State Historical Society is a Nebraska state agency, founded in 1878 to "encourage historical research and inquiry, spread historical information...

See Ghost Dance and History Nebraska

Hotchkiss gun

The Hotchkiss gun can refer to different products of the Hotchkiss arms company starting in the late 19th century.

See Ghost Dance and Hotchkiss gun

Hunkpapa

The Hunkpapa (Lakota: Húŋkpapȟa) are a Native American group, one of the seven council fires of the Lakota tribe.

See Ghost Dance and Hunkpapa

Idaho

Idaho is a landlocked state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States.

See Ghost Dance and Idaho

James McLaughlin (Indian agent)

James McLaughlin (February 12, 1842 – July 28, 1923) was a Canadian-American United States Indian agent and inspector, best known for having ordered the arrest of Sitting Bull in December 1890, which resulted in the chief's death and contributed to the Wounded Knee Massacre.

See Ghost Dance and James McLaughlin (Indian agent)

James Mooney

James Mooney (February 10, 1861 – December 22, 1921) was an American ethnographer who lived for several years among the Cherokee.

See Ghost Dance and James Mooney

Jesus

Jesus (AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ, Jesus of Nazareth, and many other names and titles, was a first-century Jewish preacher and religious leader.

See Ghost Dance and Jesus

John Fire Lame Deer

John Fire Lame Deer (in Lakota Tȟáȟča Hušté; March 17, 1903 – December 14, 1976, also known as Lame Deer, John Fire and John (Fire) Lame Deer) was a Lakota holy man, member of the Heyoka society, grandson of the Miniconjou head man Lame Deer, and father of Archie Fire Lame Deer.

See Ghost Dance and John Fire Lame Deer

Kenya

Kenya, officially the Republic of Kenya (Jamhuri ya Kenya), is a country in East Africa.

See Ghost Dance and Kenya

Kicking Bear

Kicking Bear (Matȟó Wanáȟtaka; March 18, 1845 – May 28, 1904) was an Oglala Lakota who became a band chief of the Miniconjou Lakota Sioux. Ghost Dance and Kicking Bear are ghost Dance movement.

See Ghost Dance and Kicking Bear

Lakota language

Lakota (Lakȟótiyapi), also referred to as Lakhota, Teton or Teton Sioux, is a Siouan language spoken by the Lakota people of the Sioux tribes. Ghost Dance and Lakota language are Lakota culture.

See Ghost Dance and Lakota language

Lakota people

The Lakota (pronounced; Lakȟóta/Lakhóta) are a Native American people.

See Ghost Dance and Lakota people

Lakota Woman

Lakota Woman is a memoir by Mary Brave Bird, a Sicangu Lakota who was formerly known as Mary Crow Dog. Ghost Dance and Lakota Woman are Lakota culture.

See Ghost Dance and Lakota Woman

Leslie Spier

Leslie Spier (December 13, 1893 – December 3, 1961) was an American anthropologist best known for his ethnographic studies of American Indians.

See Ghost Dance and Leslie Spier

Louis S. Warren

Louis S. Warren (born December 8, 1962) is an American historian and a W. Turrentine Jackson Professor of Western U.S. History at the University of California, Davis, where he teaches environmental history, the history of the American West, and U.S. history.

See Ghost Dance and Louis S. Warren

Mary Brave Bird

Mary Brave Bird, also known as Mary Brave Woman Olguin and Mary Crow Dog (September 26, 1954 – February 14, 2013) was a Sicangu Lakota writer and activist who was a member of the American Indian Movement during the 1970s and participated in some of their most publicized events, including the Wounded Knee Incident when she was 18 years old.

See Ghost Dance and Mary Brave Bird

Mason Valley (Nevada)

The Mason Valley is a valley in western Nevada, between the Singatse Range and the Wassuk Range in Lyon County, Nevada.

See Ghost Dance and Mason Valley (Nevada)

Medal of Honor

The Medal of Honor (MOH) is the United States Armed Forces' highest military decoration and is awarded to recognize American soldiers, sailors, marines, airmen, guardians, and coast guardsmen who have distinguished themselves by acts of valor.

See Ghost Dance and Medal of Honor

Medicine man

A medicine man (from Ojibwe mashkikiiwinini) or medicine woman (from Ojibwe mashkikiiwininiikwe) is a traditional healer and spiritual leader who serves a community of Indigenous people of the Americas.

See Ghost Dance and Medicine man

Millenarianism

Millenarianism or millenarism is the belief by a religious, social, or political group or movement in a coming fundamental transformation of society, after which "all things will be changed".

See Ghost Dance and Millenarianism

Millenarianism in colonial societies

Millenarianism is the belief by a religious, social, or political group or movement in a coming fundamental transformation of society, after which "all things will be changed". Ghost Dance and Millenarianism in colonial societies are Eschatology.

See Ghost Dance and Millenarianism in colonial societies

Miniconjou

The Miniconjou (Lakota: Mnikowoju, Hokwoju – ‘Plants by the Water’) are a Native American people constituting a subdivision of the Lakota people, who formerly inhabited an area in western present-day South Dakota from the Black Hills in to the Platte River.

See Ghost Dance and Miniconjou

Montana

Montana is a landlocked state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States.

See Ghost Dance and Montana

Mormonism

Mormonism is the theology and religious tradition of the Latter Day Saint movement of Restorationist Christianity started by Joseph Smith in Western New York in the 1820s and 1830s.

See Ghost Dance and Mormonism

Mumboism

Mumboism, also known as the Mumbo cult, was a new religious movement founded by Onyango Dunde in the early 20th century.

See Ghost Dance and Mumboism

Native American Church

The Native American Church (NAC), also known as Peyotism and Peyote Religion, is a syncretic Native American religion that teaches a combination of traditional Native American beliefs and elements of Christianity, especially pertaining to the Ten Commandments, with sacramental use of the entheogen peyote. Ghost Dance and Native American Church are religion in Oklahoma, Shamanism and Shamanism of the Americas.

See Ghost Dance and Native American Church

Native Americans in the United States

Native Americans, sometimes called American Indians, First Americans, or Indigenous Americans, are the Indigenous peoples native to portions of the land that the United States is located on.

See Ghost Dance and Native Americans in the United States

The Navajo are a Native American people of the Southwestern United States.

See Ghost Dance and Navajo

Nelson A. Miles

Nelson Appleton Miles (August 8, 1839 – May 15, 1925) was a United States Army officer who served in the American Civil War, the American Indian Wars and the Spanish–American War.

See Ghost Dance and Nelson A. Miles

Nemattanew

Nemattanew (also spelled Nemattanow; died 1621 or 1622) was a war leader of the Powhatan during the First Anglo-Powhatan War.

See Ghost Dance and Nemattanew

Nevada

Nevada is a landlocked state in the Western region of the United States.

See Ghost Dance and Nevada

Nomad

Nomads are communities without fixed habitation who regularly move to and from areas.

See Ghost Dance and Nomad

Nongqawuse

Nongqawuse (c. 1841 – 1898) was a Xhosa prophet.

See Ghost Dance and Nongqawuse

Northern Paiute people

The Northern Paiute people are a Numic tribe that has traditionally lived in the Great Basin region of the United States in what is now eastern California, western Nevada, and southeast Oregon.

See Ghost Dance and Northern Paiute people

Oklahoma

Oklahoma (Choctaw: Oklahumma) is a state in the South Central region of the United States.

See Ghost Dance and Oklahoma

Oregon

Oregon is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States.

See Ghost Dance and Oregon

Pacific Northwest

The Pacific Northwest (PNW), sometimes referred to as Cascadia, is a geographic region in Western North America bounded by its coastal waters of the Pacific Ocean to the west and, loosely, by the Rocky Mountains to the east.

See Ghost Dance and Pacific Northwest

Papa Isio

Dionisio Magbuelas (20 March 1846 - 1911), Dionisio Seguela or Dionisio Papa y Barlucia, more widely known as Papa Isio (Hiligaynon: Isio the Pope), was the leader of a group of babaylanes who were, as conjectured by Modesto P. Sa-onoy, recruited from the remnants of the followers of Dios Buhawi upon the dissolution of his group under the poor leadership of Camartin de la Cruz during the years prior to the onset of the Philippine Revolution.

See Ghost Dance and Papa Isio

Philippine Revolution

The Philippine Revolution was a war of independence waged by the revolutionary organization Katipunan against the Spanish Empire from 1896 to 1898.

See Ghost Dance and Philippine Revolution

Pine nut

Pine nuts, also called piñón, pinoli, or pignoli, are the edible seeds of pines (family Pinaceae, genus Pinus).

See Ghost Dance and Pine nut

Pine Ridge Indian Reservation

The Pine Ridge Indian Reservation (Wazí Aháŋhaŋ Oyáŋke), also called Pine Ridge Agency, is an Oglala Lakota Indian reservation located in the U.S. state of South Dakota, with a small portion of it extending into Nebraska.

See Ghost Dance and Pine Ridge Indian Reservation

Powhatan

The Powhatan people are Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands who belong to member tribes of the Powhatan Confederacy, or Tsenacommacah.

See Ghost Dance and Powhatan

Prophecy

In religion, a prophecy is a message that has been communicated to a person (typically called a prophet) by a supernatural entity.

See Ghost Dance and Prophecy

Sacred dance

Sacred dance is the use of dance in religious ceremonies and rituals, present in most religions throughout history and prehistory. Ghost Dance and Sacred dance are ritual dances.

See Ghost Dance and Sacred dance

Second Coming

The Second Coming (sometimes called the Second Advent or the Parousia) is the Christian belief that Jesus Christ will return to Earth after his ascension to Heaven (which is said to have occurred about two thousand years ago).

See Ghost Dance and Second Coming

Seventh-day Adventist Church

The Seventh-day Adventist Church (SDA) is an Adventist Protestant Christian denomination which is distinguished by its observance of Saturday, the seventh day of the week in the Christian (Gregorian) and the Hebrew calendar, as the Sabbath, its emphasis on the imminent Second Coming (advent) of Jesus Christ, and its annihilationist soteriology.

See Ghost Dance and Seventh-day Adventist Church

Sitting Bull

Sitting Bull (Tȟatȟáŋka Íyotake; December 15, 1890) was a Hunkpapa Lakota leader who led his people during years of resistance against United States government policies.

See Ghost Dance and Sitting Bull

Solar eclipse of January 1, 1889

A total solar eclipse occurred on January 1, 1889.

See Ghost Dance and Solar eclipse of January 1, 1889

South Dakota

South Dakota (Sioux: Dakȟóta itókaga) is a landlocked state in the North Central region of the United States.

See Ghost Dance and South Dakota

Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire

The Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire, also known as the Conquest of Peru, was one of the most important campaigns in the Spanish colonization of the Americas.

See Ghost Dance and Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire

Spotted Elk

Spotted Elk (Lakota: Uŋpȟáŋ Glešká, sometimes spelled OH-PONG-GE-LE-SKAH or Hupah Glešká: 1826 &ndash), was a chief of the Miniconjou, Lakota Sioux.

See Ghost Dance and Spotted Elk

Taki Unquy

Taki Unquy (Quechua, Hispanicized and alternative spellings Taqui Ongoy, Taki Oncoy, Taqui Honcoy, Taqui Onccoy, Taki Onqoy) was a millenarian Indigenous movement of political, religious and cultural dimensions which arose in the Peruvian Andes during the 16th century (c. 1564 - c. 1572) in opposition to the recent Spanish arrival.

See Ghost Dance and Taki Unquy

Temple garment

A temple garment, also referred to as garments, the garment of the holy priesthood, or Mormon underwear, is a type of underwear worn by adherents of the Latter Day Saint movement after they have taken part in the endowment ceremony.

See Ghost Dance and Temple garment

Territorial evolution of the United States

The United States of America was formed after thirteen British colonies in North America declared independence from the British Empire on July 4, 1776.

See Ghost Dance and Territorial evolution of the United States

Tipi

A tipi or tepee is a conical lodge tent that is distinguished from other conical tents by the smoke flaps at the top of the structure, and historically made of animal hides or pelts or, in more recent generations, of canvas stretched on a framework of wooden poles.

See Ghost Dance and Tipi

Traditional medicine

Traditional medicine (also known as indigenous medicine or folk medicine) comprises medical aspects of traditional knowledge that developed over generations within the folk beliefs of various societies, including indigenous peoples, before the era of modern medicine.

See Ghost Dance and Traditional medicine

Trance

Trance is a state of semi-consciousness in which a person is not self-aware and is either altogether unresponsive to external stimuli (but nevertheless capable of pursuing and realizing an aim) or is selectively responsive in following the directions of the person (if any) who has induced the trance.

See Ghost Dance and Trance

Typhoid fever

Typhoid fever, also known simply as typhoid, is a disease caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi bacteria, also called Salmonella typhi.

See Ghost Dance and Typhoid fever

U.S. state

In the United States, a state is a constituent political entity, of which there are 50.

See Ghost Dance and U.S. state

United States Army Center of Military History

The United States Army Center of Military History (CMH) is a directorate within the United States Army Training and Doctrine Command.

See Ghost Dance and United States Army Center of Military History

University of California Press

The University of California Press, otherwise known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing.

See Ghost Dance and University of California Press

Utah

Utah is a landlocked state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States.

See Ghost Dance and Utah

Valentine McGillycuddy

Valentine Trant McGillycuddy (February 14, 1849 – June 6, 1939) was a surgeon who served with expeditions and United States military forces in the West.

See Ghost Dance and Valentine McGillycuddy

Vision (spirituality)

A vision is something seen in a dream, trance, or religious ecstasy, especially a supernatural appearance that usually conveys a revelation.

See Ghost Dance and Vision (spirituality)

Washington (state)

Washington, officially the State of Washington, is the westernmost state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States.

See Ghost Dance and Washington (state)

Western United States

The Western United States, also called the American West, the Western States, the Far West, and the West, is the region comprising the westernmost U.S. states.

See Ghost Dance and Western United States

Wodziwob

Wodziwob (died c. 1872) was a Paiute prophet and medicine man who is believed to have led the first Ghost Dance ceremonies, in what is now Nevada, sometime around 1869. Ghost Dance and Wodziwob are ghost Dance movement.

See Ghost Dance and Wodziwob

Wounded Knee Creek

Wounded Knee Creek is a tributary of the White River, approximately 100 miles (160 km) long,U.S. Geological Survey.

See Ghost Dance and Wounded Knee Creek

Wounded Knee Occupation

The Wounded Knee Occupation, also known as Second Wounded Knee, began on February 27, 1973, when approximately 200 Oglala Lakota (sometimes referred to as Oglala Sioux) and followers of the American Indian Movement (AIM) seized and occupied the town of Wounded Knee, South Dakota, United States, on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation.

See Ghost Dance and Wounded Knee Occupation

Wovoka

Wovoka (– September 20, 1932), also known as Jack Wilson, was the Paiute religious leader who founded a second episode of the Ghost Dance movement. Ghost Dance and Wovoka are ghost Dance movement.

See Ghost Dance and Wovoka

Xhosa people

The Xhosa people, or Xhosa-speaking people are a Bantu ethnic group native to South Africa.

See Ghost Dance and Xhosa people

See also

Caddo

Eschatology

Ghost Dance movement

Lakota culture

Native American music

Paiute

Religion in Oklahoma

Shamanism

Shamanism of the Americas

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost_Dance

Also known as Ghost Dance Cult, Ghost Dance Movement, Ghost Dance religion, Ghost dancers, Nanissáanah, The Ghost Dance.

, Mary Brave Bird, Mason Valley (Nevada), Medal of Honor, Medicine man, Millenarianism, Millenarianism in colonial societies, Miniconjou, Montana, Mormonism, Mumboism, Native American Church, Native Americans in the United States, Navajo, Nelson A. Miles, Nemattanew, Nevada, Nomad, Nongqawuse, Northern Paiute people, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pacific Northwest, Papa Isio, Philippine Revolution, Pine nut, Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Powhatan, Prophecy, Sacred dance, Second Coming, Seventh-day Adventist Church, Sitting Bull, Solar eclipse of January 1, 1889, South Dakota, Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire, Spotted Elk, Taki Unquy, Temple garment, Territorial evolution of the United States, Tipi, Traditional medicine, Trance, Typhoid fever, U.S. state, United States Army Center of Military History, University of California Press, Utah, Valentine McGillycuddy, Vision (spirituality), Washington (state), Western United States, Wodziwob, Wounded Knee Creek, Wounded Knee Occupation, Wovoka, Xhosa people.