en.unionpedia.org

Glycome, the Glossary

A glycome is the entire complement or complete set of all sugars, whether free or chemically bound in more complex molecules, of an organism.^[1]

44 relations: Affinity chromatography, Affinity electrophoresis, Azide, Caenorhabditis elegans, Capillary electrophoresis, Carbohydrate, Cell (biology), Cell adhesion, Chromatography, Consortium for Functional Glycomics, Definition, Electrophoresis, Electrospray ionization, Enzyme, Genomics, Glycan, Glycobiology, Glycolipid, Glycomics, Glycoprotein, High-performance liquid chromatography, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Human, Lectin, Lipid, List of omics topics in biology, Mass spectrometry, Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization, Molecule, Monoclonal antibody, Monosaccharide, Nature, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of proteins, Oligosaccharide, Organism, Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Polysaccharide, Protein, Proteome, Proteomics, Staudinger reaction, Sugar, University of California, San Diego, X-ray crystallography.
Glycomics

Affinity chromatography

Affinity chromatography is a method of separating a biomolecule from a mixture, based on a highly specific macromolecular binding interaction between the biomolecule and another substance.

See Glycome and Affinity chromatography

Affinity electrophoresis

Affinity electrophoresis is a general name for many analytical methods used in biochemistry and biotechnology.

See Glycome and Affinity electrophoresis

Azide

In chemistry, azide is a linear, polyatomic anion with the formula and structure.

See Glycome and Azide

Caenorhabditis elegans

Caenorhabditis elegans is a free-living transparent nematode about 1 mm in length that lives in temperate soil environments.

See Glycome and Caenorhabditis elegans

Capillary electrophoresis

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a family of electrokinetic separation methods performed in submillimeter diameter capillaries and in micro- and nanofluidic channels.

See Glycome and Capillary electrophoresis

A carbohydrate is a biomolecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms, usually with a hydrogen–oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 (as in water) and thus with the empirical formula (where m may or may not be different from n), which does not mean the H has covalent bonds with O (for example with, H has a covalent bond with C but not with O).

See Glycome and Carbohydrate

Cell (biology)

The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all forms of life.

See Glycome and Cell (biology)

Cell adhesion

Cell adhesion is the process by which cells interact and attach to neighbouring cells through specialised molecules of the cell surface.

See Glycome and Cell adhesion

Chromatography

In chemical analysis, chromatography is a laboratory technique for the separation of a mixture into its components.

See Glycome and Chromatography

Consortium for Functional Glycomics

The Consortium for Functional Glycomics (CFG) is a large research initiative funded in 2001 by a glue grant from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) to “define paradigms by which protein-carbohydrate interactions mediate cell communication”. Glycome and Consortium for Functional Glycomics are Glycomics.

See Glycome and Consortium for Functional Glycomics

Definition

A definition is a statement of the meaning of a term (a word, phrase, or other set of symbols).

See Glycome and Definition

Electrophoresis

Electrophoresis is the motion of charged dispersed particles or dissolved charged molecules relative to a fluid under the influence of a spatially uniform electric field.

See Glycome and Electrophoresis

Electrospray ionization

Electrospray ionization (ESI) is a technique used in mass spectrometry to produce ions using an electrospray in which a high voltage is applied to a liquid to create an aerosol.

See Glycome and Electrospray ionization

Enzyme

Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions.

See Glycome and Enzyme

Genomics

Genomics is an interdisciplinary field of molecular biology focusing on the structure, function, evolution, mapping, and editing of genomes.

See Glycome and Genomics

Glycan

The terms glycans and polysaccharides are defined by IUPAC as synonyms meaning "compounds consisting of a large number of monosaccharides linked glycosidically". Glycome and glycan are Glycomics.

See Glycome and Glycan

Glycobiology

Defined in the narrowest sense, glycobiology is the study of the structure, biosynthesis, and biology of saccharides (sugar chains or glycans) that are widely distributed in nature. Glycome and glycobiology are Glycomics.

See Glycome and Glycobiology

Glycolipid

Glycolipids are lipids with a carbohydrate attached by a glycosidic (covalent) bond.

See Glycome and Glycolipid

Glycomics

Glycomics is the comprehensive study of glycomes (the entire complement of sugars, whether free or present in more complex molecules of an organism), including genetic, physiologic, pathologic, and other aspects.

See Glycome and Glycomics

Glycoprotein

Glycoproteins are proteins which contain oligosaccharide (sugar) chains covalently attached to amino acid side-chains.

See Glycome and Glycoprotein

High-performance liquid chromatography

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), formerly referred to as high-pressure liquid chromatography, is a technique in analytical chemistry used to separate, identify, and quantify specific components in mixtures.

See Glycome and High-performance liquid chromatography

Howard Hughes Medical Institute

The Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) is an American non-profit medical research organization based in Chevy Chase, Maryland.

See Glycome and Howard Hughes Medical Institute

Human

Humans (Homo sapiens, meaning "thinking man") or modern humans are the most common and widespread species of primate, and the last surviving species of the genus Homo.

See Glycome and Human

Lectin

Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that are highly specific for sugar groups that are part of other molecules, so cause agglutination of particular cells or precipitation of glycoconjugates and polysaccharides.

See Glycome and Lectin

Lipid

Lipids are a broad group of organic compounds which include fats, waxes, sterols, fat-soluble vitamins (such as vitamins A, D, E and K), monoglycerides, diglycerides, phospholipids, and others.

See Glycome and Lipid

List of omics topics in biology

Inspired by the terms genome and genomics, other words to describe complete biological datasets, mostly sets of biomolecules originating from one organism, have been coined with the suffix -ome and -omics.

See Glycome and List of omics topics in biology

Mass spectrometry

Mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical technique that is used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions.

See Glycome and Mass spectrometry

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization

In mass spectrometry, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is an ionization technique that uses a laser energy-absorbing matrix to create ions from large molecules with minimal fragmentation.

See Glycome and Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization

Molecule

A molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds; depending on context, the term may or may not include ions which satisfy this criterion.

See Glycome and Molecule

Monoclonal antibody

A monoclonal antibody (mAb, more rarely called moAb) is an antibody produced from a cell lineage made by cloning a unique white blood cell.

See Glycome and Monoclonal antibody

Monosaccharide

Monosaccharides (from Greek monos: single, sacchar: sugar), also called simple sugars, are the simplest forms of sugar and the most basic units (monomers) from which all carbohydrates are built.

See Glycome and Monosaccharide

Nature

Nature is an inherent character or constitution, particularly of the ecosphere or the universe as a whole.

See Glycome and Nature

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of proteins

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of proteins (usually abbreviated protein NMR) is a field of structural biology in which NMR spectroscopy is used to obtain information about the structure and dynamics of proteins, and also nucleic acids, and their complexes.

See Glycome and Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of proteins

Oligosaccharide

An oligosaccharide is a saccharide polymer containing a small number (typically three to ten) of monosaccharides (simple sugars).

See Glycome and Oligosaccharide

Organism

An organism is defined in a medical dictionary as any living thing that functions as an individual.

See Glycome and Organism

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) is a technique widely used in biochemistry, forensic chemistry, genetics, molecular biology and biotechnology to separate biological macromolecules, usually proteins or nucleic acids, according to their electrophoretic mobility.

See Glycome and Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycome

Also known as Glycomes.

Glycome, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Glycomics

References