Gordon Gould, the Glossary
Richard Gordon Gould (July 17, 1920 – September 16, 2005) was an American physicist who is sometimes credited with the invention of the laser and the optical amplifier.[1]
Table of Contents
68 relations: Active laser medium, Arthur Leonard Schawlow, Bachelor of Science, Bell Labs, Brewster's angle, Charles H. Townes, Chemical reaction, Classified information, Coherence (physics), Columbia University, Communist Party USA, Control Data Corporation, DARPA, Diffraction, Doctor of Philosophy, Edwin Howard Armstrong, Electric discharge in gases, Fabry–Pérot interferometer, Fiber-optic communication, First to file and first to invent, Helium–neon laser, HRL Laboratories, Inertial confinement fusion, Laser, Laser beam welding, Laser pumping, Lidar, Light, List of Nobel laureates, Manhattan Project, Maser, Master of Science, Microwave spectroscopy, National Inventors Hall of Fame, New York City, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Optelecom, Optical amplifier, Optical cavity, Optical communication, Optical heterodyne detection, Optical pumping, Optics, Patent, Patent war, Photochemistry, Photocopier, Physicist, Physics, Polarization (waves), ... Expand index (18 more) »
Active laser medium
The active laser medium (also called a gain medium or lasing medium) is the source of optical gain within a laser.
See Gordon Gould and Active laser medium
Arthur Leonard Schawlow
Arthur Leonard Schawlow (May 5, 1921 – April 28, 1999) was an American physicist who, along with Charles Townes, developed the theoretical basis for laser science. Gordon Gould and Arthur Leonard Schawlow are laser researchers.
See Gordon Gould and Arthur Leonard Schawlow
Bachelor of Science
A Bachelor of Science (BS, BSc, B.Sc., SB, or ScB; from the Latin scientiae baccalaureus) is a bachelor's degree that is awarded for programs that generally last three to five years.
See Gordon Gould and Bachelor of Science
Bell Labs
Bell Labs is an American industrial research and scientific development company credited with the development of radio astronomy, the transistor, the laser, the photovoltaic cell, the charge-coupled device (CCD), information theory, the Unix operating system, and the programming languages B, C, C++, S, SNOBOL, AWK, AMPL, and others.
See Gordon Gould and Bell Labs
Brewster's angle
Brewster's angle (also known as the polarization angle) is an angle of incidence at which light with a particular polarization is perfectly transmitted through a transparent dielectric surface, with no reflection.
See Gordon Gould and Brewster's angle
Charles H. Townes
Charles Hard Townes (July 28, 1915 – January 27, 2015) was an American physicist. Gordon Gould and Charles H. Townes are laser researchers.
See Gordon Gould and Charles H. Townes
Chemical reaction
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another.
See Gordon Gould and Chemical reaction
Classified information
Classified information is material that a government body deems to be sensitive information that must be protected.
See Gordon Gould and Classified information
Coherence (physics)
Coherence expresses the potential for two waves to interfere.
See Gordon Gould and Coherence (physics)
Columbia University
Columbia University, officially Columbia University in the City of New York, is a private Ivy League research university in New York City.
See Gordon Gould and Columbia University
Communist Party USA
The Communist Party USA, officially the Communist Party of the United States of America (CPUSA), is a communist party in the United States which was established in 1919 after a split in the Socialist Party of America following the Russian Revolution.
See Gordon Gould and Communist Party USA
Control Data Corporation
Control Data Corporation (CDC) was a mainframe and supercomputer company that in the 1960s was one of the nine major U.S. computer companies, which group included IBM, the Burroughs Corporation, and the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), the NCR Corporation (NCR), General Electric, and Honeywell, RCA and UNIVAC.
See Gordon Gould and Control Data Corporation
DARPA
The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is a research and development agency of the United States Department of Defense responsible for the development of emerging technologies for use by the military.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the interference or bending of waves around the corners of an obstacle or through an aperture into the region of geometrical shadow of the obstacle/aperture.
See Gordon Gould and Diffraction
Doctor of Philosophy
A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD or DPhil; philosophiae doctor or) is a terminal degree that usually denotes the highest level of academic achievement in a given discipline and is awarded following a course of graduate study and original research.
See Gordon Gould and Doctor of Philosophy
Edwin Howard Armstrong
Edwin Howard Armstrong (December 18, 1890 – February 1, 1954) was an American electrical engineer and inventor, who developed FM (frequency modulation) radio and the superheterodyne receiver system. Gordon Gould and Edwin Howard Armstrong are Discovery and invention controversies.
See Gordon Gould and Edwin Howard Armstrong
Electric discharge in gases
Electric discharge in gases occurs when electric current flows through a gaseous medium due to ionization of the gas.
See Gordon Gould and Electric discharge in gases
Fabry–Pérot interferometer
In optics, a Fabry–Pérot interferometer (FPI) or etalon is an optical cavity made from two parallel reflecting surfaces (i.e.: thin mirrors).
See Gordon Gould and Fabry–Pérot interferometer
Fiber-optic communication
Fiber-optic communication is a method of transmitting information from one place to another by sending pulses of infrared or visible light through an optical fiber.
See Gordon Gould and Fiber-optic communication
First to file and first to invent
First to file and first to invent are legal concepts that define who has the right to the grant of a patent for an invention.
See Gordon Gould and First to file and first to invent
Helium–neon laser
A helium–neon laser or He-Ne laser is a type of gas laser whose high energetic medium gain medium consists of a mixture of ratio (between 5:1 and 20:1) of helium and neon at a total pressure of approximately 1 Torr (133 Pa) inside a small electrical discharge.
See Gordon Gould and Helium–neon laser
HRL Laboratories
HRL Laboratories (formerly Hughes Research Laboratories) is a research center in Malibu, California, established in 1960.
See Gordon Gould and HRL Laboratories
Inertial confinement fusion
Inertial confinement fusion (ICF) is a fusion energy process that initiates nuclear fusion reactions by compressing and heating targets filled with fuel.
See Gordon Gould and Inertial confinement fusion
Laser
A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation.
Laser beam welding
Laser beam welding (LBW) is a welding technique used to join pieces of metal or thermoplastics through the use of a laser.
See Gordon Gould and Laser beam welding
Laser pumping
Laser pumping is the act of energy transfer from an external source into the gain medium of a laser.
See Gordon Gould and Laser pumping
Lidar
Lidar (also LIDAR, LiDAR or LADAR, an acronym of "light detection and ranging" or "laser imaging, detection, and ranging") is a method for determining ranges by targeting an object or a surface with a laser and measuring the time for the reflected light to return to the receiver.
Light
Light, visible light, or visible radiation is electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived by the human eye.
List of Nobel laureates
The Nobel Prizes (Nobelpriset, Nobelprisen) are awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Swedish Academy, the Karolinska Institutet, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals and organizations who make outstanding contributions in the fields of chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine.
See Gordon Gould and List of Nobel laureates
Manhattan Project
The Manhattan Project was a research and development program undertaken during World War II to produce the first nuclear weapons.
See Gordon Gould and Manhattan Project
Maser
A maser is a device that produces coherent electromagnetic waves (microwaves), through amplification by stimulated emission.
Master of Science
A Master of Science (Magister Scientiae; abbreviated MS, M.S., MSc, M.Sc., SM, S.M., ScM or Sc.M.) is a master's degree.
See Gordon Gould and Master of Science
Microwave spectroscopy
Microwave spectroscopy is the spectroscopy method that employs microwaves, i.e. electromagnetic radiation at GHz frequencies, for the study of matter.
See Gordon Gould and Microwave spectroscopy
National Inventors Hall of Fame
The National Inventors Hall of Fame (NIHF) is an American not-for-profit organization, founded in 1973, which recognizes individual engineers and inventors who hold a U.S. patent of significant technology.
See Gordon Gould and National Inventors Hall of Fame
New York City
New York, often called New York City (to distinguish it from New York State) or NYC, is the most populous city in the United States.
See Gordon Gould and New York City
New York University Tandon School of Engineering
The New York University Tandon School of Engineering (commonly referred to as Tandon) is the engineering and applied sciences school of New York University.
See Gordon Gould and New York University Tandon School of Engineering
Optelecom
Optelecom-NKF, Inc. is an American company that designs, manufactures, and markets high-bandwidth communications products, financial market data information, and business video systems.
See Gordon Gould and Optelecom
Optical amplifier
An optical amplifier is a device that amplifies an optical signal directly, without the need to first convert it to an electrical signal.
See Gordon Gould and Optical amplifier
Optical cavity
An optical cavity, resonating cavity or optical resonator is an arrangement of mirrors or other optical elements that forms a cavity resonator for light waves.
See Gordon Gould and Optical cavity
Optical communication
Optical communication, also known as optical telecommunication, is communication at a distance using light to carry information.
See Gordon Gould and Optical communication
Optical heterodyne detection
Optical heterodyne detection is a method of extracting information encoded as modulation of the phase, frequency or both of electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength band of visible or infrared light.
See Gordon Gould and Optical heterodyne detection
Optical pumping
Optical pumping is a process in which light is used to raise (or "pump") electrons from a lower energy level in an atom or molecule to a higher one.
See Gordon Gould and Optical pumping
Optics
Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behaviour and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of instruments that use or detect it.
Patent
A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention for a limited period of time in exchange for publishing an enabling disclosure of the invention.
Patent war
A patent war is a "battle" between corporations or individuals to secure patents for litigation, whether offensively or defensively.
See Gordon Gould and Patent war
Photochemistry
Photochemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the chemical effects of light.
See Gordon Gould and Photochemistry
Photocopier
A photocopier (also called copier or copy machine, and formerly Xerox machine, the generic trademark) is a machine that makes copies of documents and other visual images onto paper or plastic film quickly and cheaply.
See Gordon Gould and Photocopier
Physicist
A physicist is a scientist who specializes in the field of physics, which encompasses the interactions of matter and energy at all length and time scales in the physical universe.
See Gordon Gould and Physicist
Physics
Physics is the natural science of matter, involving the study of matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force.
Polarization (waves)
italics (also italics) is a property of transverse waves which specifies the geometrical orientation of the oscillations.
See Gordon Gould and Polarization (waves)
Polykarp Kusch
Polykarp Kusch (January 26, 1911 – March 20, 1993) was a German-born American physicist.
See Gordon Gould and Polykarp Kusch
Population inversion
In physics, specifically statistical mechanics, a population inversion occurs while a system (such as a group of atoms or molecules) exists in a state in which more members of the system are in higher, excited states than in lower, unexcited energy states.
See Gordon Gould and Population inversion
Q-switching
Q-switching, sometimes known as giant pulse formation or Q-spoiling, is a technique by which a laser can be made to produce a pulsed output beam.
See Gordon Gould and Q-switching
Robert Kearns
Robert William Kearns (March 10, 1927 – February 9, 2005) was an American mechanical engineer, educator and inventor who invented the most common intermittent windshield wiper systems used on most automobiles from 1969 to the present. Gordon Gould and Robert Kearns are Discovery and invention controversies.
See Gordon Gould and Robert Kearns
Ruby laser
A ruby laser is a solid-state laser that uses a synthetic ruby crystal as its gain medium.
See Gordon Gould and Ruby laser
Scarsdale High School
Scarsdale High School (SHS) is a public high school in Scarsdale, New York, United States, a coterminous town and village in Westchester County, New York.
See Gordon Gould and Scarsdale High School
Science History Institute
The Science History Institute is an institution that preserves and promotes understanding of the history of science.
See Gordon Gould and Science History Institute
Settlement (litigation)
In law, a settlement is a resolution between disputing parties about a legal case, reached either before or after court action begins.
See Gordon Gould and Settlement (litigation)
Sigma Chi
Sigma Chi (ΣΧ) International Fraternity is one of the largest of North American social fraternities.
See Gordon Gould and Sigma Chi
Spectroscopy
Spectroscopy is the field of study that measures and interprets electromagnetic spectra.
See Gordon Gould and Spectroscopy
The New York Times
The New York Times (NYT) is an American daily newspaper based in New York City.
See Gordon Gould and The New York Times
The Washington Post
The Washington Post, locally known as "the Post" and, informally, WaPo or WP, is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C., the national capital.
See Gordon Gould and The Washington Post
Theodore Maiman
Theodore Harold Maiman (July 11, 1927 – May 5, 2007) was an American engineer and physicist who is widely credited with the invention of the laser. Gordon Gould and Theodore Maiman are laser researchers.
See Gordon Gould and Theodore Maiman
Union College
Union College is a private liberal arts college in Schenectady, New York, United States.
See Gordon Gould and Union College
United States Patent and Trademark Office
The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) is an agency in the U.S. Department of Commerce that serves as the national patent office and trademark registration authority for the United States.
See Gordon Gould and United States Patent and Trademark Office
Westinghouse Electric Corporation
The Westinghouse Electric Corporation (later CBS Corporation) was an American manufacturing company founded in 1886 by George Westinghouse and headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
See Gordon Gould and Westinghouse Electric Corporation
William R. Bennett Jr.
William Ralph Bennett Jr. (January 30, 1930 – June 29, 2008) was an American physicist known for his pioneering work on gas lasers. Gordon Gould and William R. Bennett Jr. are laser researchers.
See Gordon Gould and William R. Bennett Jr.
Yale University
Yale University is a private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut.
See Gordon Gould and Yale University
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon_Gould
, Polykarp Kusch, Population inversion, Q-switching, Robert Kearns, Ruby laser, Scarsdale High School, Science History Institute, Settlement (litigation), Sigma Chi, Spectroscopy, The New York Times, The Washington Post, Theodore Maiman, Union College, United States Patent and Trademark Office, Westinghouse Electric Corporation, William R. Bennett Jr., Yale University.