HIV latency, the Glossary
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has the capability to enter a latent stage of infection where it exists as a dormant provirus in CD4+ T-cells.[1]
Table of Contents
24 relations: Abortive initiation, Acetylation, Adaptive immune system, Bifurcation theory, Cyclin T1, Epigenetics, Half-life, Heterochromatin, Histone, Histone deacetylase, HIV, Lymph node, Management of HIV/AIDS, Methylation, NF-κB, NFAT, Nucleoprotein, P-TEFb, Promoter (genetics), T helper cell, T-cell receptor, TATA box, Tumor necrosis factor, Viremia.
- Viral life cycle
Abortive initiation
Abortive initiation, also known as abortive transcription, is an early process of genetic transcription in which RNA polymerase binds to a DNA promoter and enters into cycles of synthesis of short mRNA transcripts which are released before the transcription complex leaves the promoter.
See HIV latency and Abortive initiation
Acetylation
In chemistry, acetylation is an organic esterification reaction with acetic acid.
See HIV latency and Acetylation
Adaptive immune system
The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired immune system, or specific immune system is a subsystem of the immune system that is composed of specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminate pathogens or prevent their growth.
See HIV latency and Adaptive immune system
Bifurcation theory
Bifurcation theory is the mathematical study of changes in the qualitative or topological structure of a given family of curves, such as the integral curves of a family of vector fields, and the solutions of a family of differential equations.
See HIV latency and Bifurcation theory
Cyclin T1
Cyclin-T1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNT1 gene.
Epigenetics
In biology, epigenetics is the study of heritable traits, or a stable change of cell function, that happen without changes to the DNA sequence.
See HIV latency and Epigenetics
Half-life
Half-life (symbol) is the time required for a quantity (of substance) to reduce to half of its initial value.
Heterochromatin
Heterochromatin is a tightly packed form of DNA or condensed DNA, which comes in multiple varieties.
See HIV latency and Heterochromatin
Histone
In biology, histones are highly basic proteins abundant in lysine and arginine residues that are found in eukaryotic cell nuclei and in most Archaeal phyla.
Histone deacetylase
Histone deacetylases (HDAC) are a class of enzymes that remove acetyl groups (O.
See HIV latency and Histone deacetylase
HIV
The human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) are two species of Lentivirus (a subgroup of retrovirus) that infect humans.
Lymph node
A lymph node, or lymph gland, is a kidney-shaped organ of the lymphatic system and the adaptive immune system.
See HIV latency and Lymph node
Management of HIV/AIDS
The management of HIV/AIDS normally includes the use of multiple antiretroviral drugs as a strategy to control HIV infection.
See HIV latency and Management of HIV/AIDS
Methylation
Methylation, in the chemical sciences, is the addition of a methyl group on a substrate, or the substitution of an atom (or group) by a methyl group.
See HIV latency and Methylation
NF-κB
Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) is a family of transcription factor protein complexes that controls transcription of DNA, cytokine production and cell survival.
NFAT
Nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) is a family of transcription factors shown to be important in immune response.
Nucleoprotein
Nucleoproteins are proteins conjugated with nucleic acids (either DNA or RNA).
See HIV latency and Nucleoprotein
P-TEFb
The positive transcription elongation factor, P-TEFb, is a multiprotein complex that plays an essential role in the regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) in eukaryotes.
In genetics, a promoter is a sequence of DNA to which proteins bind to initiate transcription of a single RNA transcript from the DNA downstream of the promoter.
See HIV latency and Promoter (genetics)
T helper cell
The T helper cells (Th cells), also known as CD4+ cells or CD4-positive cells, are a type of T cell that play an important role in the adaptive immune system.
See HIV latency and T helper cell
T-cell receptor
The T-cell receptor (TCR) is a protein complex found on the surface of T cells, or T lymphocytes, that is responsible for recognizing fragments of antigen as peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules.
See HIV latency and T-cell receptor
TATA box
In molecular biology, the TATA box (also called the Goldberg–Hogness box) is a sequence of DNA found in the core promoter region of genes in archaea and eukaryotes.
Tumor necrosis factor
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF, cachexin, or cachectin; formerly known as tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNFα or TNF-α) is a cytokine and member of the TNF superfamily, which consists of various transmembrane proteins with a homologous TNF domain.
See HIV latency and Tumor necrosis factor
Viremia
Viremia is a medical condition where viruses enter the bloodstream and hence have access to the rest of the body.
See also
Viral life cycle
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV_latency
Also known as Latent HIV.