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Hadean zircon, the Glossary

Hadean zircon is the oldest-surviving crustal material from the Earth's earliest geological time period, the Hadean eon, about 4 billion years ago.^[1]

113 relations: Absolute dating, Alexander Halliday, Alkaline earth metal, Aluminium, Aluminosilicate, Amorphous solid, Apatite, Archean, Atom probe, Bar (unit), Basalt, Biotite, Calc-alkaline magma series, Carbon, Celadonite, Cerium, Cerium anomaly, Chondritic uniform reservoir, Clay mineral, Conglomerate (geology), Continental crust, Crust (geology), Crystallization, Curie temperature, Daniele Cherniak, Detrital zircon geochronology, Electron microprobe, Fayalite, Felsic, Geochemistry, Geochronometry, Geologic modelling, Geophysics, Geothermal gradient, Granitoid, Graphite, Hadean, Hafnium, Heat flux, Hornblende, Hydrothermal circulation, Igneous rock, Ilmenite, Inclusion (mineral), Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, Iron oxide, Isotope, Isotopes of hafnium, Isotopes of lithium, Isotopes of oxygen, ... Expand index (63 more) »
Hadean
Zircon

Absolute dating

Absolute dating is the process of determining an age on a specified chronology in archaeology and geology.

See Hadean zircon and Absolute dating

Sir Alexander Norman Halliday (born 11 August 1952) is a British geochemist and academic who is the Founding Dean Emeritus of the Columbia Climate School, and Former Director of the Earth Institute at Columbia University.

See Hadean zircon and Alexander Halliday

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See Hadean zircon and Alkaline earth metal

Aluminium

Aluminium (Aluminum in North American English) is a chemical element; it has symbol Al and atomic number 13.

See Hadean zircon and Aluminium

Aluminosilicate

Aluminosilicate refers to materials containing anionic Si-O-Al linkages.

See Hadean zircon and Aluminosilicate

Amorphous solid

In condensed matter physics and materials science, an amorphous solid (or non-crystalline solid) is a solid that lacks the long-range order that is characteristic of a crystal.

See Hadean zircon and Amorphous solid

Apatite

Apatite is a group of phosphate minerals, usually hydroxyapatite, fluorapatite and chlorapatite, with high concentrations of OH−, F− and Cl− ion, respectively, in the crystal.

See Hadean zircon and Apatite

Archean

The Archean Eon (also spelled Archaean or Archæan), in older sources sometimes called the Archaeozoic, is the second of the four geologic eons of Earth's history, preceded by the Hadean Eon and followed by the Proterozoic.

See Hadean zircon and Archean

Atom probe

The atom probe was introduced at the by Erwin Wilhelm Müller and J. A. Panitz.

See Hadean zircon and Atom probe

Bar (unit)

The bar is a metric unit of pressure defined as 100,000 Pa (100 kPa), though not part of the International System of Units (SI).

See Hadean zircon and Bar (unit)

Basalt

Basalt is an aphanitic (fine-grained) extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron (mafic lava) exposed at or very near the surface of a rocky planet or moon.

See Hadean zircon and Basalt

Biotite

Biotite is a common group of phyllosilicate minerals within the mica group, with the approximate chemical formula.

See Hadean zircon and Biotite

Calc-alkaline magma series

The calc-alkaline magma series is one of two main subdivisions of the subalkaline magma series, the other subalkaline magma series being the tholeiitic series.

See Hadean zircon and Calc-alkaline magma series

Carbon

Carbon is a chemical element; it has symbol C and atomic number 6.

See Hadean zircon and Carbon

Celadonite

Celadonite is a mica group mineral, a phyllosilicate of potassium, iron in both oxidation states, aluminium and hydroxide with formula.

See Hadean zircon and Celadonite

Cerium

Cerium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ce and atomic number 58.

See Hadean zircon and Cerium

Cerium anomaly

The cerium anomaly, in geochemistry, is the phenomenon whereby cerium (Ce) concentration is either depleted or enriched in a rock relative to the other rare-earth elements (REEs).

See Hadean zircon and Cerium anomaly

Chondritic uniform reservoir

The CHondritic Uniform Reservoir (CHUR) is a scientific model in astrophysics and geochemistry for the mean chemical composition of the part of the Solar Nebula from which, during the formation of the Solar System, chondrites formed.

See Hadean zircon and Chondritic uniform reservoir

Clay mineral

Clay minerals are hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates (e.g. kaolin, Al2Si2O5(OH)4), sometimes with variable amounts of iron, magnesium, alkali metals, alkaline earths, and other cations found on or near some planetary surfaces.

See Hadean zircon and Clay mineral

Conglomerate (geology)

Conglomerate is a clastic sedimentary rock that is composed of a substantial fraction of rounded to subangular gravel-size clasts.

See Hadean zircon and Conglomerate (geology)

Continental crust

Continental crust is the layer of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks that forms the geological continents and the areas of shallow seabed close to their shores, known as continental shelves.

See Hadean zircon and Continental crust

Crust (geology)

In geology, the crust is the outermost solid shell of a planet, dwarf planet, or natural satellite.

See Hadean zircon and Crust (geology)

Crystallization

Crystallization is the process by which solids form, where the atoms or molecules are highly organized into a structure known as a crystal.

See Hadean zircon and Crystallization

Curie temperature

In physics and materials science, the Curie temperature (TC), or Curie point, is the temperature above which certain materials lose their permanent magnetic properties, which can (in most cases) be replaced by induced magnetism.

See Hadean zircon and Curie temperature

Daniele Cherniak

Daniele Cherniak is an American geochemist known for her work on using particle beams for geochemical analysis on small scales.

See Hadean zircon and Daniele Cherniak

Detrital zircon geochronology

Detrital zircon geochronology is the science of analyzing the age of zircons deposited within a specific sedimentary unit by examining their inherent radioisotopes, most commonly the uranium–lead ratio. Hadean zircon and Detrital zircon geochronology are zircon.

See Hadean zircon and Detrital zircon geochronology

Electron microprobe

An electron microprobe (EMP), also known as an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) or electron micro probe analyzer (EMPA), is an analytical tool used to non-destructively determine the chemical composition of small volumes of solid materials.

See Hadean zircon and Electron microprobe

Fayalite

Fayalite (commonly abbreviated to Fa) is the iron-rich end-member of the olivine solid-solution series.

See Hadean zircon and Fayalite

Felsic

In geology, felsic is a modifier describing igneous rocks that are relatively rich in elements that form feldspar and quartz.

See Hadean zircon and Felsic

Geochemistry

Geochemistry is the science that uses the tools and principles of chemistry to explain the mechanisms behind major geological systems such as the Earth's crust and its oceans.

See Hadean zircon and Geochemistry

Geochronometry

Geochronometry is a branch of stratigraphy aimed at the quantitative measurement of geologic time.

See Hadean zircon and Geochronometry

Geologic modelling

Geologic modelling, geological modelling or geomodelling is the applied science of creating computerized representations of portions of the Earth's crust based on geophysical and geological observations made on and below the Earth surface.

See Hadean zircon and Geologic modelling

Geophysics

Geophysics is a subject of natural science concerned with the physical processes and physical properties of the Earth and its surrounding space environment, and the use of quantitative methods for their analysis.

See Hadean zircon and Geophysics

Geothermal gradient

Geothermal gradient is the rate of change in temperature with respect to increasing depth in Earth's interior.

See Hadean zircon and Geothermal gradient

Granitoid

A granitoid is a generic term for a diverse category of coarse-grained igneous rocks that consist predominantly of quartz, plagioclase, and alkali feldspar.

See Hadean zircon and Granitoid

Graphite

Graphite is a crystalline form of the element carbon.

See Hadean zircon and Graphite

Hadean

The Hadean is the first and oldest of the four known geologic eons of Earth's history, starting with the planet's formation about 4.6 billion years ago (estimated 4567.30 ± 0.16 million years ago set by the age of the oldest solid material in the Solar System found in some meteorites about 4.567 billion years old), and ended 4.031 billion years ago.

See Hadean zircon and Hadean

Hafnium

Hafnium is a chemical element; it has symbol Hf and atomic number 72.

See Hadean zircon and Hafnium

Heat flux

In physics and engineering, heat flux or thermal flux, sometimes also referred to as heat flux density, heat-flow density or heat-flow rate intensity, is a flow of energy per unit area per unit time.

See Hadean zircon and Heat flux

Hornblende

Hornblende is a complex inosilicate series of minerals.

See Hadean zircon and Hornblende

Hydrothermal circulation

Hydrothermal circulation in its most general sense is the circulation of hot water (Ancient Greek ὕδωρ, water,Liddell, H.G. & Scott, R. (1940). A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

See Hadean zircon and Hydrothermal circulation

Igneous rock

Igneous rock, or magmatic rock, is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic.

See Hadean zircon and Igneous rock

Ilmenite

Ilmenite is a titanium-iron oxide mineral with the idealized formula.

See Hadean zircon and Ilmenite

Inclusion (mineral)

In mineralogy, an inclusion is any material trapped inside a mineral during its formation.

See Hadean zircon and Inclusion (mineral)

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a type of mass spectrometry that uses an inductively coupled plasma to ionize the sample.

See Hadean zircon and Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Iron oxide

Iron oxides are chemical compounds composed of iron and oxygen.

See Hadean zircon and Iron oxide

Isotope

Isotopes are distinct nuclear species (or nuclides) of the same chemical element.

See Hadean zircon and Isotope

Isotopes of hafnium

Natural hafnium (72Hf) consists of five observationally stable isotopes (176Hf, 177Hf, 178Hf, 179Hf, and 180Hf) and one very long-lived radioisotope, 174Hf, with a half-life of years.

See Hadean zircon and Isotopes of hafnium

Isotopes of lithium

Naturally occurring lithium (3Li) is composed of two stable isotopes, lithium-6 (6Li) and lithium-7 (7Li), with the latter being far more abundant on Earth.

See Hadean zircon and Isotopes of lithium

Isotopes of oxygen

There are three known stable isotopes of oxygen (8O): 16, 17, and 18.

See Hadean zircon and Isotopes of oxygen

Jack Hills

The Jack Hills are a range of hills in Mid West Western Australia.

See Hadean zircon and Jack Hills

Janne Blichert-Toft

Janne Blichert-Toft is a geochemist, specializing in the use of isotopes with applications in understanding planetary mantle-crust evolution, as well as the chemical composition of matter in the universe.

See Hadean zircon and Janne Blichert-Toft

Kimberlite

Kimberlite, an igneous rock and a rare variant of peridotite, is most commonly known to be the main host matrix for diamonds.

See Hadean zircon and Kimberlite

KREEP

KREEP, an acronym built from the letters K (the atomic symbol for potassium), REE (rare-earth elements) and P (for phosphorus), is a geochemical component of some lunar impact breccia and basaltic rocks.

See Hadean zircon and KREEP

Laser microprobe mass spectrometer

A laser microprobe mass spectrometer (LMMS), also laser microprobe mass analyzer (LAMMA), laser ionization mass spectrometer (LIMS), or laser ionization mass analyzer (LIMA) is a mass spectrometer that uses a focused laser for microanalysis.

See Hadean zircon and Laser microprobe mass spectrometer

Lithium

Lithium is a chemical element; it has symbol Li and atomic number 3.

See Hadean zircon and Lithium

Lutetium–hafnium dating

Lutetium–hafnium dating is a geochronological dating method utilizing the radioactive decay system of lutetium–176 to hafnium–176.

See Hadean zircon and Lutetium–hafnium dating

Magma

Magma is the molten or semi-molten natural material from which all igneous rocks are formed.

See Hadean zircon and Magma

Magnetism

Magnetism is the class of physical attributes that occur through a magnetic field, which allows objects to attract or repel each other.

See Hadean zircon and Magnetism

Magnetite

Magnetite is a mineral and one of the main iron ores, with the chemical formula.

See Hadean zircon and Magnetite

Metabolism (from μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms.

See Hadean zircon and Metabolism

Metaconglomerate is a rock type which originated from conglomerate after undergoing metamorphism.

See Hadean zircon and Metaconglomerate

Metaluminous rocks are igneous rocks that have a molar proportion of aluminium oxide lower than the combination of calcium oxide, sodium oxide and potassium oxide.

See Hadean zircon and Metaluminous rock

Metamorphic rocks arise from the transformation of existing rock to new types of rock in a process called metamorphism.

See Hadean zircon and Metamorphic rock

Metamorphism is the transformation of existing rock (the protolith) to rock with a different mineral composition or texture.

See Hadean zircon and Metamorphism

Metasomatism (from the Greek μετά metá "change" and σῶμα sôma "body") is the chemical alteration of a rock by hydrothermal and other fluids.

See Hadean zircon and Metasomatism

Meteoric water

Meteoric water, derived from precipitation such as snow and rain, includes water from lakes, rivers, and ice melts, all of which indirectly originate from precipitation.

See Hadean zircon and Meteoric water

Meteorite

A meteorite is a rock that originated in outer space and has fallen to the surface of a planet or moon.

See Hadean zircon and Meteorite

Microbiota

Microbiota are the range of microorganisms that may be commensal, mutualistic, or pathogenic found in and on all multicellular organisms, including plants.

See Hadean zircon and Microbiota

Mineral

In geology and mineralogy, a mineral or mineral species is, broadly speaking, a solid substance with a fairly well-defined chemical composition and a specific crystal structure that occurs naturally in pure form.

See Hadean zircon and Mineral

Mineral redox buffer

In geology, a redox buffer is an assemblage of minerals or compounds that constrains oxygen fugacity as a function of temperature.

See Hadean zircon and Mineral redox buffer

Monazite

Monazite is a primarily reddish-brown phosphate mineral that contains rare-earth elements.

See Hadean zircon and Monazite

Mount Narryer

Mount Narryer is a mountain in Western Australia.

See Hadean zircon and Mount Narryer

Multimodal distribution

In statistics, a multimodal distribution is a probability distribution with more than one mode (i.e., more than one local peak of the distribution).

See Hadean zircon and Multimodal distribution

Muscovite

Muscovite (also known as common mica, isinglass, or potash mica) is a hydrated phyllosilicate mineral of aluminium and potassium with formula KAl2(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2, or (KF)2(Al2O3)3(SiO2)6(H2O).

See Hadean zircon and Muscovite

Normal distribution

In probability theory and statistics, a normal distribution or Gaussian distribution is a type of continuous probability distribution for a real-valued random variable.

See Hadean zircon and Normal distribution

Oxygen-18

Oxygen-18 (Ω) is a natural, stable isotope of oxygen and one of the environmental isotopes.

See Hadean zircon and Oxygen-18

Pelite

A pelite or metapelite is a metamorphosed fine-grained sedimentary rock, i.e. mudstone or siltstone.

See Hadean zircon and Pelite

Peraluminous rock

Peraluminous rocks are igneous rocks that have a molecular proportion of aluminium oxide higher than the combination of sodium oxide, potassium oxide and calcium oxide.

See Hadean zircon and Peraluminous rock

Phosphate

In chemistry, a phosphate is an anion, salt, functional group or ester derived from a phosphoric acid.

See Hadean zircon and Phosphate

Planetary science

Planetary science (or more rarely, planetology) is the scientific study of planets (including Earth), celestial bodies (such as moons, asteroids, comets) and planetary systems (in particular those of the Solar System) and the processes of their formation.

See Hadean zircon and Planetary science

Plate tectonics

Plate tectonics is the scientific theory that Earth's lithosphere comprises a number of large tectonic plates, which have been slowly moving since 3–4 billion years ago.

See Hadean zircon and Plate tectonics

Plutonium

Plutonium is a chemical element; it has symbol Pu and atomic number 94.

See Hadean zircon and Plutonium

Plutonium-244

Plutonium-244 (244Pu) is an isotope of plutonium that has a half-life of 80 million years.

See Hadean zircon and Plutonium-244

Proterozoic

The Proterozoic is the third of the four geologic eons of Earth's history, spanning the time interval from 2500 to 538.8Mya, the longest eon of the Earth's geologic time scale.

See Hadean zircon and Proterozoic

Protolith

A protolith is the original, unmetamorphosed rock from which a given metamorphic rock is formed.

See Hadean zircon and Protolith

Quartz

Quartz is a hard, crystalline mineral composed of silica (silicon dioxide).

See Hadean zircon and Quartz

Quartzite

Quartzite is a hard, non-foliated metamorphic rock which was originally pure quartz sandstone.

See Hadean zircon and Quartzite

Radiation

In physics, radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or a material medium.

See Hadean zircon and Radiation

Radiometric dating

Radiometric dating, radioactive dating or radioisotope dating is a technique which is used to date materials such as rocks or carbon, in which trace radioactive impurities were selectively incorporated when they were formed.

See Hadean zircon and Radiometric dating

Rare-earth element

The rare-earth elements (REE), also called the rare-earth metals or rare earths or, in context, rare-earth oxides, and sometimes the lanthanides (although scandium and yttrium, which do not belong to this series, are usually included as rare earths), are a set of 17 nearly indistinguishable lustrous silvery-white soft heavy metals.

See Hadean zircon and Rare-earth element

Rare-earth mineral

A rare-earth mineral contains one or more rare-earth elements as major metal constituents.

See Hadean zircon and Rare-earth mineral

Redox

Redox (reduction–oxidation or oxidation–reduction) is a type of chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of the reactants change.

See Hadean zircon and Redox

Remanence

Remanence or remanent magnetization or residual magnetism is the magnetization left behind in a ferromagnetic material (such as iron) after an external magnetic field is removed.

See Hadean zircon and Remanence

Rutile

Rutile is an oxide mineral composed of titanium dioxide (TiO2), the most common natural form of TiO2.

See Hadean zircon and Rutile

Secondary ion mass spectrometry

Secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) is a technique used to analyze the composition of solid surfaces and thin films by sputtering the surface of the specimen with a focused primary ion beam and collecting and analyzing ejected secondary ions.

See Hadean zircon and Secondary ion mass spectrometry

Shock metamorphism or impact metamorphism describes the effects of shock-wave related deformation and heating during impact events.

See Hadean zircon and Shock metamorphism

Solar System

The Solar SystemCapitalization of the name varies.

See Hadean zircon and Solar System

Subduction

Subduction is a geological process in which the oceanic lithosphere and some continental lithosphere is recycled into the Earth's mantle at convergent boundaries.

See Hadean zircon and Subduction

Substitution reaction

A substitution reaction (also known as single displacement reaction or single substitution reaction) is a chemical reaction during which one functional group in a chemical compound is replaced by another functional group.

See Hadean zircon and Substitution reaction

Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics is a branch of physics that deals with heat, work, and temperature, and their relation to energy, entropy, and the physical properties of matter and radiation.

See Hadean zircon and Thermodynamics

Titanium

Titanium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ti and atomic number 22.

See Hadean zircon and Titanium

Titanium in zircon geothermometry

Titanium in zircon geothermometry is a form of a geothermometry technique by which the crystallization temperature of a zircon crystal can be estimated by the amount of titanium atoms which can only be found in the crystal lattice. Hadean zircon and titanium in zircon geothermometry are zircon.

See Hadean zircon and Titanium in zircon geothermometry

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadean_zircon

, Jack Hills, Janne Blichert-Toft, Kimberlite, KREEP, Laser microprobe mass spectrometer, Lithium, Lutetium–hafnium dating, Magma, Magnetism, Magnetite, Metabolism, Metaconglomerate, Metaluminous rock, Metamorphic rock, Metamorphism, Metasomatism, Meteoric water, Meteorite, Microbiota, Mineral, Mineral redox buffer, Monazite, Mount Narryer, Multimodal distribution, Muscovite, Normal distribution, Oxygen-18, Pelite, Peraluminous rock, Phosphate, Planetary science, Plate tectonics, Plutonium, Plutonium-244, Proterozoic, Protolith, Quartz, Quartzite, Radiation, Radiometric dating, Rare-earth element, Rare-earth mineral, Redox, Remanence, Rutile, Secondary ion mass spectrometry, Shock metamorphism, Solar System, Subduction, Substitution reaction, Thermodynamics, Titanium, Titanium in zircon geothermometry, Trace element, Uranium, Uranium–lead dating, Uranyl, Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water, Weathering, Xenon, Year, Zircon, Zoning.

Hadean zircon, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Hadean

Zircon

References