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Hammadid dynasty, the Glossary

The Hammadid dynasty (Hammad), also known as the Hammadid Emirate or the Kingdom of Bejaia, was a medieval Islamic kingdom located in the central Maghreb, encompassing present-day Algeria.^[1]

148 relations: Abbasid Caliphate, Abd al-Aziz ibn Mansur, Abd al-Mu'min, Absolute monarchy, Achir, Al-Andalus, Al-Khwarizmi, Al-Mansur ibn al-Nasir, Al-Mansur ibn Buluggin, Al-Mu'izz ibn Badis, Al-Muqtafi, Al-Mustansir Billah, Algebra, Algeria, Algiers, Almohad Caliphate, Almoravid dynasty, Annaba, Arabic, Badis ibn al-Mansur, Badis ibn Mansur (Hammadid), Baghdad, Balearic Islands, Banu Ghaniya, Banu Hilal, Banu Khurasan, Banu Sulaym, Béjaïa, Bedouin, Berber languages, Berbers, Biskra, Bouïra, Brill Publishers, Buluggin ibn Muhammad, Caliphate, Ceramic glaze, Christianity, Citadel, Constantine, Algeria, Court of the Lions, Djerba, El Kala, El Kef, Emir, Emirate, Faience, Fatimid Caliphate, Fez, Morocco, Fibonacci, ... Expand index (98 more) »
1152 disestablishments
Berber dynasties
Hammadids
Medieval history of Algeria

Abbasid Caliphate

The Abbasid Caliphate or Abbasid Empire (translit) was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

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Abd al-Aziz ibn Mansur

Abd al-Aziz ibn Mansur was the ruler of the Hammadids from 1104 to 1121. Hammadid dynasty and Abd al-Aziz ibn Mansur are Hammadids.

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Abd al-Mu'min

Abd al Mu'min (c. 1094–1163) (عبد المؤمن بن علي or عبد المومن الــكـومي; full name: ʿAbd al-Muʾmin ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿAlwī ibn Yaʿlā al-Kūmī Abū Muḥammad) was a prominent member of the Almohad movement.

See Hammadid dynasty and Abd al-Mu'min

Absolute monarchy

Absolute monarchy is a form of monarchy in which the sovereign is the sole source of political power, unconstrained by constitutions, legislatures or other checks on their authority.

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Achir or Ashir (آشير) is a medieval city in Algeria, first capital of the Muslim dynasty of the Zirids, which ruled under Fatimid suzerainty in the 10th–11th centuries. Hammadid dynasty and Achir are medieval history of Algeria.

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Al-Andalus

Al-Andalus was the Muslim-ruled area of the Iberian Peninsula.

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Al-Khwarizmi

Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi (محمد بن موسى خوارزمی), often referred to as simply al-Khwarizmi, was a polymath who produced vastly influential Arabic-language works in mathematics, astronomy, and geography.

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Al-Mansur ibn al-Nasir

Al-Mansur ibn al-Nasir (died 1104) was the sixth ruler of the Hammadids in Algeria (1088–1104). Hammadid dynasty and al-Mansur ibn al-Nasir are Hammadids.

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Al-Mansur ibn Buluggin

al-Mansûr ibn Buluggin (died 995) was the second ruler of the Zirids in Ifriqiya (r. 984–995).

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Al-Mu'izz ibn Badis

Al-Muʿizz ibn Bādīs (1008–1062) was the fourth ruler of the Zirids in Ifriqiya, reigning from 1016 to 1062.

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Al-Muqtafi

Abu Abdallah Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Mustazhir (أبو عبد الله محمد بن أحمد المستظهر.; 9 April 1096 – 12 March 1160), better known by his regnal name al-Muqtafi li-Amr Allah (المقتفي لأمر الله), was the Abbasid caliph in Baghdad from 1136 to 1160, succeeding his nephew al-Rashid, who had been forced to abdicate by the Seljuks.

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Al-Mustansir Billah

Abū Tamīm Maʿad al-Mustanṣir biʾllāh (أبو تميممعد المستنصر بالله.&lrm;; 2 July 1029 – 29 December 1094) was the eighth Fatimid Caliph from 1036 until 1094.

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Algebra

Algebra is the branch of mathematics that studies algebraic structures and the manipulation of statements within those structures.

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Algeria

Algeria, officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia; to the east by Libya; to the southeast by Niger; to the southwest by Mali, Mauritania, and Western Sahara; to the west by Morocco; and to the north by the Mediterranean Sea.

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Algiers

Algiers (al-Jazāʾir) is the capital and largest city of Algeria, located in the north-central part of the country.

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Almohad Caliphate

The Almohad Caliphate (خِلَافَةُ ٱلْمُوَحِّدِينَ or دَوْلَةُ ٱلْمُوَحِّدِينَ or ٱلدَّوْلَةُ ٱلْمُوَحِّدِيَّةُ from unity of God) or Almohad Empire was a North African Berber Muslim empire founded in the 12th century. Hammadid dynasty and Almohad Caliphate are Berber dynasties and medieval history of Algeria.

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Almoravid dynasty

The Almoravid dynasty (lit) was a Berber Muslim dynasty centered in the territory of present-day Morocco. Hammadid dynasty and Almoravid dynasty are Berber dynasties and medieval history of Algeria.

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Annaba

Annaba (عنّابة, "Place of the Jujubes"), formerly known as Bon, Bona and Bône, is a seaport city in the northeastern corner of Algeria, close to the border with Tunisia.

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Arabic

Arabic (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, or عَرَبِيّ, or) is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world.

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Badis ibn al-Mansur

Bādīs ibn al-Manṣūr (died 1016), known fully as ʾAbū Manād Bādīs Nāṣir al-Dawla (أبو مناد باديس ناصر الدولة), was the third ruler of the Zirids in Ifriqiya from 996 to 1016.

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Badis ibn Mansur (Hammadid)

Badis ibn Mansur was briefly the ruler of the Hammadids in 1104. Hammadid dynasty and Badis ibn Mansur (Hammadid) are Hammadids.

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Baghdad

Baghdad (or; translit) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab and in West Asia after Tehran.

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Balearic Islands

The Balearic Islands (Illes Balears; Islas Baleares or) are an archipelago in the western Mediterranean Sea, near the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula.

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Banu Ghaniya

The Banu Ghaniya were a Massufa Sanhaja Berber dynasty and a branch of the Almoravids. Hammadid dynasty and Banu Ghaniya are Berber dynasties.

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Banu Hilal

The Banu Hilal (translit) was a confederation of Arab tribes from the Najd region of the central Arabian Peninsula that emigrated to the Maghreb region of North Africa in the 11th century.

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Banu Khurasan

The Banu Khurasan (Banu Khurasan) or Khurasanid dynasty was a Sunni Muslim dynasty that ruled an independent principality centered on Tunis, in present-day Tunisia, between approximately 1058 and 1159. Hammadid dynasty and Banu Khurasan are Berber dynasties.

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Banu Sulaym

The Banu Sulaym (بنو سليم) is an Arab tribe that dominated part of the Hejaz in the pre-Islamic era.

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Béjaïa

Béjaïa (بجاية, Bijāya,, Bgayet) formerly Bougie and Bugia, is a Mediterranean port city and commune on the Gulf of Béjaïa in Algeria; it is the capital of Béjaïa Province, Kabylia.

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Bedouin

The Bedouin, Beduin, or Bedu (singular) are pastorally nomadic Arab tribes who have historically inhabited the desert regions in the Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, the Levant, and Mesopotamia (Iraq).

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Berber languages

The Berber languages, also known as the Amazigh languages or Tamazight, are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family.

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Berbers

Berbers, or the Berber peoples, also called by their endonym Amazigh or Imazighen, are a diverse grouping of distinct ethnic groups indigenous to North Africa who predate the arrival of Arabs in the Arab migrations to the Maghreb.

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Biskra

Biskra (بسكرة) is the capital city of Biskra Province, Algeria.

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Bouïra

Bouïra is the capital of Bouïra Province, Algeria.

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Brill Publishers

Brill Academic Publishers, also known as E. J. Brill, Koninklijke Brill, Brill, is a Dutch international academic publisher of books and journals.

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Buluggin ibn Muhammad

Buluggin ibn Muhammad (died 1062) was the ruler of the Hammadids from 1055 to 1062. Hammadid dynasty and Buluggin ibn Muhammad are Hammadids.

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Caliphate

A caliphate or khilāfah (خِلَافَةْ) is a monarchical form of government (initially elective, later absolute) that originated in the 7th century Arabia, whose political identity is based on a claim of succession to the Islamic State of Muhammad and the identification of a monarch called caliph (خَلِيفَةْ) as his heir and successor.

See Hammadid dynasty and Caliphate

Ceramic glaze

Ceramic glaze, or simply glaze, is a glassy coating on ceramics.

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Christianity

Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.

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Citadel

A citadel is the most fortified area of a town or city.

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Constantine, Algeria

Constantine (Qusanṭīnah), also spelled Qacentina or Kasantina, is the capital of Constantine Province in northeastern Algeria.

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Court of the Lions

The Court of the Lions (Patio de los Leones) or Palace of the Lions (Palacio de los Leones) is a palace in the heart of the Alhambra, a historic citadel formed by a complex of palaces, gardens and forts in Granada, Spain.

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Djerba

Djerba (Jirba,; Meninge, Girba), also transliterated as Jerba or Jarbah, is a Tunisian island and the largest island of North Africa at, in the Gulf of Gabès, off the coast of Tunisia.

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El Kala

El Kala (القالة, Latin Thinisa in Numidia) is a seaport of Algeria, in El Tarf Province, 56 miles (90 km) by rail east of Annaba and 10 miles (16 km) west of the Tunisian frontier.

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El Kef

Kef Ouest --> El Kef (الكاف), also known as Le Kef, is a city in northwestern Tunisia.

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Emir

Emir (أمير, also transliterated as amir, is a word of Arabic origin that can refer to a male monarch, aristocrat, holder of high-ranking military or political office, or other person possessing actual or ceremonial authority. The title has a long history of use in the Arab World, East Africa, West Africa, Central Asia, and the Indian subcontinent.

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Emirate

An emirate is a territory ruled by an emir, a title used by monarchs or high officeholders in the Muslim world.

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Faience

Faience or faïence is the general English language term for fine tin-glazed pottery.

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Fatimid Caliphate

The Fatimid Caliphate or Fatimid Empire (al-Khilāfa al-Fāṭimiyya) was a caliphate extant from the tenth to the twelfth centuries CE under the rule of the Fatimids, an Isma'ili Shia dynasty.

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Fez, Morocco

Fez or Fes (fās) is a city in northern inland Morocco and the capital of the Fès-Meknès administrative region.

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Fibonacci

Fibonacci (also,; –) was an Italian mathematician from the Republic of Pisa, considered to be "the most talented Western mathematician of the Middle Ages".

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Fishing village

A fishing village is a village, usually located near a fishing ground, with an economy based on catching fish and harvesting seafood.

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Giralda

The Giralda (La Giralda) is the bell tower of Seville Cathedral in Seville, Spain.

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Gold dinar

The gold dinar (ﺩﻳﻨﺎﺭ ذهبي) is an Islamic medieval gold coin first issued in AH 77 (696–697 CE) by Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan.

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Governor

A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of a state's official representative.

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Great Mosque of Béjaïa

The Great Mosque of Bejaia (translit) or Al-Mansuriyah Mosque (translit) was a major historical mosque in Béjaïa, Algeria. Hammadid dynasty and Great Mosque of Béjaïa are Hammadids.

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Great Mosque of Constantine

The Great Mosque of Constantine (مسجد الجامع الكبير قسنطينة), or Djamâa El Kebir is a mosque located in Constantine, Algeria.

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Great Mosque of Qal'at Bani Hammad

The Great Mosque of Al Qala'a(translit) is a major historical Mosque located in the UNESCO World Heritage city of Qal'at Bani Hammad, in the province of M'sila, Algeria. Hammadid dynasty and Great Mosque of Qal'at Bani Hammad are Hammadids.

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Hammad ibn Buluggin

Hammad ibn Buluggin (died 1028) was the first ruler of the Hammadid dynasty in what is now Algeria (1014–1028). Hammadid dynasty and Hammad ibn Buluggin are Hammadids.

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Hammadid capture of Fez

The Hammadids captured Fez in 1062, during Buluggin ibn Muhammad's campaign against the Maghrawa tribe that controlled parts of present-day Morocco and western Algeria. Hammadid dynasty and Hammadid capture of Fez are Hammadids and medieval history of Algeria.

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Hereditary monarchy

A hereditary monarchy is a form of government and succession of power in which the throne passes from one member of a ruling family to another member of the same family.

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Hodna

The Hodna (حضنة) is a natural region of Algeria located between the Tell and Saharan Atlas ranges at the eastern end of the Hautes Plaines.

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Hodna Mountains

The Hodna Mountains (جبال حضنة, Monts du Hodna) are a mountain massif in northeastern Algeria.

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Ibadi Islam

The Ibadi movement or Ibadism (al-ʾIbāḍiyya) is a branch inside Islam, which many believe is descended from the Kharijites.

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Ibn Hamdis

Ibn Ḥamdīs al-ʾAzdī al-Ṣīqillī (c. 1056 – c. 1133) was a Sicilian Arab poet.

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Ibn Khaldun

Ibn Khaldun (أبو زيد عبد الرحمن بن محمد بن خلدون الحضرمي.,, Arabic:; 27 May 1332 – 17 March 1406, 732–808 AH) was an Arab sociologist, philosopher, and historian widely acknowledged to be one of the greatest social scientists of the Middle Ages, and considered by many to be the father of historiography, sociology, economics, and demography studies.

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Ifriqiya

Ifriqiya, also known as al-Maghrib al-Adna (المغرب الأدنى), was a medieval historical region comprising today's Tunisia and eastern Algeria, and Tripolitania (roughly western Libya). Hammadid dynasty and Ifriqiya are medieval history of Algeria.

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Islam

Islam (al-Islām) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder.

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Islamic architecture

Islamic architecture comprises the architectural styles of buildings associated with Islam.

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Islamic state

An Islamic state has a form of government based on sharia law.

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Jerrilynn Dodds

Jerrilynn Denise Dodds is an American art historian whose work has focused on artistic identity in Medieval Spain.

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Jijel

Jijel (جيجل), the classical Igilgili, is the capital of Jijel Province in north-eastern Algeria.

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Judaism

Judaism (יַהֲדוּת|translit.

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Judge

A judge is a person who presides over court proceedings, either alone or as a part of a panel of judges.

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Jurisdiction

Jurisdiction (from Latin juris 'law' + dictio 'speech' or 'declaration') is the legal term for the legal authority granted to a legal entity to enact justice.

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Kairouan

Kairouan, also spelled El Qayrawān or Kairwan (al-Qayrawān, Qeirwān), is the capital of the Kairouan Governorate in Tunisia and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

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Keep

A keep is a type of fortified tower built within castles during the Middle Ages by European nobility.

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King

King is the title given to a male monarch in a variety of contexts.

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Kingdom of Sicily

The Kingdom of Sicily (Regnum Siciliae; Regno di Sicilia; Regnu di Sicilia) was a state that existed in Sicily and the south of the Italian Peninsula plus, for a time, in Northern Africa from its founding by Roger II of Sicily in 1130 until 1816.

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Lares, Africa

Lares, also called Laribus, was a city of Roman Africa and medieval Ifriqiya, located at modern Henchir Lorbeus, Tunisia.

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List of Sunni dynasties

The following is a list of Sunni Muslim dynasties.

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Lucien Golvin

Lucien Camille Golvin (18 July 1905 at Villebougis (Yonne) – 6 of July, 2002) was a noted French university professor who specialized in the study of art from the peoples of the Maghreb.

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Lustreware

Lustreware or lusterware (the respective spellings for British English and American English) is a type of pottery or porcelain with a metallic glaze that gives the effect of iridescence.

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M'Sila Province

M'Sila (ⵎⵙⵉⵍⴰ) is a province (wilaya) of northern Algeria.

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M'Sila, Algeria

M'sila (also spelled Msila) (المسيلة); is the capital of M'Sila Province, Algeria, and is co-extensive with M'sila District.

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M'zab

The M'zab or Mzab (Mozabite: Aghlan, Mzāb) is a natural region of the northern Sahara Desert in Ghardaïa Province, Algeria.

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Maghreb

The Maghreb (lit), also known as the Arab Maghreb (اَلْمَغْرِبُ الْعَرَبِيُّ) and Northwest Africa, is the western part of the Arab world.

See Hammadid dynasty and Maghreb

Maghrebi Arabic

Maghrebi Arabic (as opposed to Eastern or Mashriqi Arabic), often known as ad-Dārija (الدارجة, meaning 'common/everyday ') to differentiate it from Literary Arabic, is a vernacular Arabic dialect continuum spoken in the Maghreb.

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Mahdia

Mahdia (المهدية) is a Tunisian coastal city with 62,189 inhabitants, south of Monastir and southeast of Sousse.

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Maliki school

The Maliki school or Malikism (translit) is one of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam.

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Mediterranean Sea

The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, on the east by the Levant in West Asia, and on the west almost by the Morocco–Spain border.

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Middle Ages

In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period (also spelt mediaeval or mediæval) lasted from approximately 500 to 1500 AD.

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Miliana

Miliana (مليانة) is a commune in Aïn Defla Province in northwestern Algeria.

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Minaret

A minaret (translit, or translit; minare; translit) is a type of tower typically built into or adjacent to mosques.

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Monarchy

A monarchy is a form of government in which a person, the monarch, is head of state for life or until abdication.

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Morocco

Morocco, officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa.

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Mosaic

A mosaic is a pattern or image made of small regular or irregular pieces of colored stone, glass or ceramic, held in place by plaster/mortar, and covering a surface.

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Muhsin ibn Qaid

Muhsin ibn Qaid, (Muhsin 'iibn Qayd) was the ruler of the Hammadids from 1054 to 1055. Hammadid dynasty and Muhsin ibn Qaid are Hammadids.

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Muqarnas

Muqarnas (مقرنص; مقرنس, or translit), also known in Iberian architecture as Mocárabe (from), is a form of three-dimensional decoration in Islamic architecture in which rows or tiers of niche-like elements are projected over others below.

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N'Gaous

N'Gaous (Nicives) is an ancient town in northeastern Algeria, The city of N'Gaous is a city located southwest of the state of Batna, an area of 80.45 km, rising 770 meters above sea level, in a beautiful place among the strings of the Oras, with a is the westward and eastward terrain aspect.

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Nasir ibn Alnas

An-Nasir ibn Alnas, (Arabic: الناصر بن الناس) (Alnnasir bin Alnaas) (died 1088) was the fifth ruler of the Hammadids in Algeria, from 1062 until his death. Hammadid dynasty and Nasir ibn Alnas are Hammadids.

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Norman conquest of southern Italy

The Norman conquest of southern Italy lasted from 999 to 1194, involving many battles and independent conquerors.

See Hammadid dynasty and Norman conquest of southern Italy

Normans

The Normans (Norman: Normaunds; Normands; Nortmanni/Normanni) were a population arising in the medieval Duchy of Normandy from the intermingling between Norse Viking settlers and locals of West Francia.

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Oasis

In ecology, an oasis (oases) is a fertile area of a desert or semi-desert environment.

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Oran

Oran (Wahrān) is a major coastal city located in the northwest of Algeria.

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Ouargla

Ouargla (Berber: Wargrən, ورقلة) is the capital city of Ouargla Province in the Sahara Desert in southern Algeria.

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Oued Righ

The Oued Righ (also spelled Oued Rir', Oued Rirh, Wadi Righ) is a region of the northeastern Algerian Sahara.

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Pact

A pact, from Latin pactum ("something agreed upon"), is a formal agreement between two or more parties.

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Pope Gregory VII

Pope Gregory VII (Gregorius VII; 1015 – 25 May 1085), born Hildebrand of Sovana (Ildebrando di Soana), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 22 April 1073 to his death in 1085.

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Porcelain

Porcelain is a ceramic material made by heating raw materials, generally including kaolinite, in a kiln to temperatures between.

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Proxy war

In political science, a proxy war is as an armed conflict fought between two belligerents, wherein one belligerent is a non-state actor supported by an external third-party power.

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Qaid ibn Hammad

Qaid ibn Hammad ibn Buluggin, (Qayid bin Hammad bin bolowjin) was the second Hammadid ruler in what is now Algeria. Hammadid dynasty and Qaid ibn Hammad are Hammadids.

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Qal'at Bani Hammad

Qal'at Bani Hammad (قلعة بني حماد), also known as Qal'a Bani Hammad or Qal'at of the Beni Hammad (among other variants), is a fortified palatine city in Algeria. Hammadid dynasty and Qal'at Bani Hammad are Hammadids.

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Relizane

Relizane or Ghilizan (Arabic: غلیزان; is a city in Algeria. It is the capital city of Relizane Province.

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Republic of Genoa

The Republic of Genoa (Repúbrica de Zêna; Repubblica di Genova; Res Publica Ianuensis) was a medieval and early modern maritime republic from the years 1099 to 1797 in Liguria on the northwestern Italian coast.

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Sahara

The Sahara is a desert spanning across North Africa.

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Salé

Salé (salā) is a city in northwestern Morocco, on the right bank of the Bou Regreg river, opposite the national capital Rabat, for which it serves as a commuter town.

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Sanhaja

The Sanhaja (صنهاجة, Ṣanhaja or زناگة Znaga; Aẓnag, pl. Iẓnagen, and also Aẓnaj, pl. Iẓnajen) were once one of the largest Berber tribal confederations, along with the Zanata and Masmuda confederations.

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Secretary

A secretary, administrative assistant, executive assistant, personal secretary, or other similar titles is an individual whose work consists of supporting management, including executives, using a variety of project management, program evaluation, communication, and/or organizational skills within the area of administration.

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Seville

Seville (Sevilla) is the capital and largest city of the Spanish autonomous community of Andalusia and the province of Seville.

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Sfax

Sfax (Ṣafāqis) is a city in Tunisia, located southeast of Tunis.

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Sheikh

Sheikh (shaykh,, شُيُوخ, shuyūkh) is an honorific title in the Arabic language, literally meaning "elder".

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Shia Islam

Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam.

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Sig, Algeria

Sig (Sīq; called Saint-Denis-de-Sig under French rule) is a town in northwestern Algeria.

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Slavery

Slavery is the ownership of a person as property, especially in regards to their labour.

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Sousse

Sousse or Soussa (سوسة) is a city in Tunisia, capital of the Sousse Governorate.

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Stalactite

A stalactite is a mineral formation that hangs from the ceiling of caves, hot springs, or man-made structures such as bridges and mines.

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Sultan

Sultan (سلطان) is a position with several historical meanings.

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Sunni Islam

Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims, and simultaneously the largest religious denomination in the world.

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Suzerainty

Suzerainty includes the rights and obligations of a person, state, or other polity which controls the foreign policy and relations of a tributary state but allows the tributary state internal autonomy.

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Tamim ibn al-Mu'izz

Tamim ibn al-Mu'izz (died 1108) was the fifth ruler of the Zirids in Ifriqiya (1062–1108).

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Ténès

Ténès (تنس; from Berber TNS 'camping') is a town in Algeria located around 200 kilometers west of the capital Algiers.

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Terracotta

Terracotta, also known as terra cotta or terra-cotta, is a clay-based non-vitreous ceramicOED, "Terracotta";, MFA Boston, "Cameo" database fired at relatively low temperatures.

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Tessala

Tessala is a town and commune in Sidi Bel Abbès Province in north-western Algeria.

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Tiaret

Tiaret (تيارت) or Tahert is a major city in northwestern Algeria that gives its name to the wider farming region of Tiaret Province.

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Tlemcen

Tlemcen (translit) is the second-largest city in northwestern Algeria after Oran and is the capital of Tlemcen Province.

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Tobna

Tobna, also known by the ancient names of Tubunae or Thubunae, is a ruined former city in Batna Province of Algeria, located just south of the modern city of Barika.

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Tozeur

Tozeur (Tūzir; Tuzər) is a city in southwest Tunisia.

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Treaty

A treaty is a formal, legally binding written agreement concluded by sovereign states in international law.

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Tripoli, Libya

Tripoli (translation) is the capital and largest city of Libya, with a population of about 1.183 million people in 2023.

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Tripolitania

Tripolitania (طرابلس), historically known as the Tripoli region, is a historic region and former province of Libya.

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Tunis

Tunis (تونس) is the capital and largest city of Tunisia.

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Tunisia

Tunisia, officially the Republic of Tunisia, is the northernmost country in Africa.

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Vizier

A vizier (wazīr; vazīr) is a high-ranking political advisor or minister in the Near East.

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Yahya ibn Abd al-Aziz

Yahya ibn Abd al-Aziz was the last ruler of the Hammadids from 1121 to 1152, when the dynasty's rule was ended by the Almohad Caliphate. Hammadid dynasty and Yahya ibn Abd al-Aziz are Hammadids.

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Yusuf ibn Tashfin

Yusuf ibn Tashfin, also Tashafin, Teshufin, (Yūsuf ibn Tāshfīn Naṣr al-Dīn ibn Tālākakīn al-Ṣanhājī; reigned c. 1061 – 1106) was a Sanhaja leader of the Almoravid Empire.

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Zenata

The Zenata are a group of Berber tribes, historically one of the largest Berber confederations along with the Sanhaja and Masmuda.

See Hammadid dynasty and Zenata

Zirid dynasty

The Zirid dynasty (translit), Banu Ziri (translit), was a Sanhaja Berber dynasty from what is now Algeria which ruled the central Maghreb from 972 to 1014 and Ifriqiya (eastern Maghreb) from 972 to 1148. Hammadid dynasty and Zirid dynasty are 1152 disestablishments and Berber dynasties.

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11th century

The 11th century is the period from 1001 (represented by the Roman numerals MI) through 1100 (MC) in accordance with the Julian calendar, and the 1st century of the 2nd millennium.

See Hammadid dynasty and 11th century

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammadid_dynasty

Also known as Banu Hammad, Campaign of Tlemcen (1102), Hammadid, Hammadid Emirate, Hammadid empire, Hammadid kingdom, Hammadid ruler, Hammadids.

, Fishing village, Giralda, Gold dinar, Governor, Great Mosque of Béjaïa, Great Mosque of Constantine, Great Mosque of Qal'at Bani Hammad, Hammad ibn Buluggin, Hammadid capture of Fez, Hereditary monarchy, Hodna, Hodna Mountains, Ibadi Islam, Ibn Hamdis, Ibn Khaldun, Ifriqiya, Islam, Islamic architecture, Islamic state, Jerrilynn Dodds, Jijel, Judaism, Judge, Jurisdiction, Kairouan, Keep, King, Kingdom of Sicily, Lares, Africa, List of Sunni dynasties, Lucien Golvin, Lustreware, M'Sila Province, M'Sila, Algeria, M'zab, Maghreb, Maghrebi Arabic, Mahdia, Maliki school, Mediterranean Sea, Middle Ages, Miliana, Minaret, Monarchy, Morocco, Mosaic, Muhsin ibn Qaid, Muqarnas, N'Gaous, Nasir ibn Alnas, Norman conquest of southern Italy, Normans, Oasis, Oran, Ouargla, Oued Righ, Pact, Pope Gregory VII, Porcelain, Proxy war, Qaid ibn Hammad, Qal'at Bani Hammad, Relizane, Republic of Genoa, Sahara, Salé, Sanhaja, Secretary, Seville, Sfax, Sheikh, Shia Islam, Sig, Algeria, Slavery, Sousse, Stalactite, Sultan, Sunni Islam, Suzerainty, Tamim ibn al-Mu'izz, Ténès, Terracotta, Tessala, Tiaret, Tlemcen, Tobna, Tozeur, Treaty, Tripoli, Libya, Tripolitania, Tunis, Tunisia, Vizier, Yahya ibn Abd al-Aziz, Yusuf ibn Tashfin, Zenata, Zirid dynasty, 11th century.

Hammadid dynasty, the Glossary

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