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Hardware Trojan, the Glossary

A Hardware Trojan (HT) is a malicious modification of the circuitry of an integrated circuit.^[1]

45 relations: Antenna (radio), Application-specific integrated circuit, Built-in self-test, Chain of custody, Charge-induced voltage alteration, Checksum, Combinational logic, Cryptography, Dakshi Agrawal, Design for testing, Economy, Electronic circuit, Energy, Finance, Hardware backdoor, Hardware obfuscation, Hardware security, High availability, Integrated circuit, Intel Management Engine, Kill switch, KVM switch, Light-induced voltage alteration, Logic gate, Military, Missile, Outsourcing, Payload (computing), Pentium FDIV bug, Peripheral, Physical unclonable function, Radio, Radio wave, Sabotage, Scan chain, Scanning electron microscope, Security switch, Semiconductor intellectual property core, Sensor, Sequential logic, Side-channel attack, Technology, Transistor, Trojan horse (computing), USB.
Computer hardware

Antenna (radio)

In radio engineering, an antenna (American English) or aerial (British English) is the interface between radio waves propagating through space and electric currents moving in metal conductors, used with a transmitter or receiver.

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Application-specific integrated circuit

An application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) is an integrated circuit (IC) chip customized for a particular use, rather than intended for general-purpose use, such as a chip designed to run in a digital voice recorder or a high-efficiency video codec.

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Built-in self-test

A built-in self-test (BIST) or built-in test (BIT) is a mechanism that permits a machine to test itself.

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Chain of custody

Chain of custody (CoC), in legal contexts, is the chronological documentation or paper trail that records the sequence of custody, control, transfer, analysis, and disposition of materials, including physical or electronic evidence.

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Charge-induced voltage alteration

Charge-induced voltage alteration (CIVA) is a technique which uses a scanning electron microscope to locate open conductors on CMOS integrated circuits.

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Checksum

A checksum is a small-sized block of data derived from another block of digital data for the purpose of detecting errors that may have been introduced during its transmission or storage.

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Combinational logic

In automata theory, combinational logic (also referred to as time-independent logic) is a type of digital logic that is implemented by Boolean circuits, where the output is a pure function of the present input only.

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Cryptography

Cryptography, or cryptology (from κρυπτός|translit.

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Dakshi Agrawal

Dakshi Agrawal, from the IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York.

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Design for testing

Design for testing or design for testability (DFT) consists of IC design techniques that add testability features to a hardware product design.

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Economy

An economy is an area of the production, distribution and trade, as well as consumption of goods and services.

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Electronic circuit

An electronic circuit is composed of individual electronic components, such as resistors, transistors, capacitors, inductors and diodes, connected by conductive wires or traces through which electric current can flow.

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Energy

Energy is the quantitative property that is transferred to a body or to a physical system, recognizable in the performance of work and in the form of heat and light.

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Finance

Finance refers to monetary resources and to the study and discipline of money, currency and capital assets.

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Hardware backdoor

Hardware backdoors are backdoors in hardware, such as code inside hardware or firmware of computer chips. Hardware Trojan and hardware backdoor are computer hardware.

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Hardware obfuscation

Hardware obfuscation is a technique by which the description or the structure of electronic hardware is modified to intentionally conceal its functionality, which makes it significantly more difficult to reverse-engineer.

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Hardware security

Hardware security is a discipline originated from the cryptographic engineering and involves hardware design, access control, secure multi-party computation, secure key storage, ensuring code authenticity, measures to ensure that the supply chain that built the product is secure among other things. Hardware Trojan and hardware security are computer hardware.

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High availability

High availability (HA) is a characteristic of a system that aims to ensure an agreed level of operational performance, usually uptime, for a higher than normal period.

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Integrated circuit

An integrated circuit (IC), also known as a microchip, computer chip, or simply chip, is a small electronic device made up of multiple interconnected electronic components such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors.

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Intel Management Engine

The Intel Management Engine (ME), also known as the Intel Manageability Engine, is an autonomous subsystem that has been incorporated in virtually all of Intel's processor chipsets since 2008.

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Kill switch

A kill switch, also known more formally as an emergency brake, emergency stop (E-stop), emergency off (EMO), or emergency power off (EPO), is a safety mechanism used to shut off machinery in an emergency, when it cannot be shut down in the usual manner.

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KVM switch

A KVM switch (with KVM being an abbreviation for "keyboard, video, and mouse") is a hardware device that allows a user to control multiple computers from one or more sets of keyboards, video monitors, and mouse.

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Light-induced voltage alteration

Light-induced voltage alteration (LIVA) is a semiconductor analysis technique that uses a laser or infrared light source to induce voltage changes in a device while scanning the beam of light across its surface.

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Logic gate

A logic gate is a device that performs a Boolean function, a logical operation performed on one or more binary inputs that produces a single binary output.

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Military

A military, also known collectively as an armed forces, are a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare.

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Missile

A missile is an airborne ranged weapon capable of self-propelled flight aided usually by a propellant, jet engine or rocket motor.

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Outsourcing

Outsourcing is a business practice in which companies use external providers to carry out business processes that would otherwise be handled internally, or in-house.

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Payload (computing)

In computing and telecommunications, the payload is the part of transmitted data that is the actual intended message.

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Pentium FDIV bug

The Pentium FDIV bug is a hardware bug affecting the floating-point unit (FPU) of the early Intel Pentium processors.

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Peripheral

A peripheral device, or simply peripheral, is an auxiliary hardware device that a computer uses to transfer information externally.

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Physical unclonable function

A physical unclonable function (sometimes also called physically-unclonable function, which refers to a weaker security metric than a physical unclonable function), or PUF, is a physical object whose operation cannot be reproduced ("cloned") in physical way (by making another system using the same technology), that for a given input and conditions (challenge), provides a physically defined "digital fingerprint" output (response).

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Radio

Radio is the technology of communicating using radio waves.

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Radio wave

Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation with the lowest frequencies and the longest wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum, typically with frequencies below 300 gigahertz (GHz) and wavelengths greater than, about the diameter of a grain of rice.

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Sabotage

Sabotage is a deliberate action aimed at weakening a polity, government, effort, or organization through subversion, obstruction, demoralization, destabilization, division, disruption, or destruction.

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Scan chain

Scan chain is a technique used in design for testing.

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Scanning electron microscope

A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is a type of electron microscope that produces images of a sample by scanning the surface with a focused beam of electrons.

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Security switch

A security switch is a hardware device designed to protect computers, laptops, smartphones and similar devices from unauthorized access or operation, distinct from a virtual security switch which offers software protection.

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Semiconductor intellectual property core

In electronic design, a semiconductor intellectual property core (SIP core), IP core or IP block is a reusable unit of logic, cell, or integrated circuit layout design that is the intellectual property of one party.

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Sensor

A sensor is a device that produces an output signal for the purpose of detecting a physical phenomenon.

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Sequential logic

In automata theory, sequential logic is a type of logic circuit whose output depends on the present value of its input signals and on the sequence of past inputs, the input history.

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Side-channel attack

In computer security, a side-channel attack is any attack based on extra information that can be gathered because of the fundamental way a computer protocol or algorithm is implemented, rather than flaws in the design of the protocol or algorithm itself (e.g. flaws found in a cryptanalysis of a cryptographic algorithm) or minor, but potentially devastating, mistakes or oversights in the implementation.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardware_Trojan

Also known as Hardware Trojan (computing).

Hardware Trojan, the Glossary

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See also

Computer hardware

References