Harzburgite, the Glossary
Harzburgite, an ultramafic, igneous rock, is a variety of peridotite consisting mostly of the two minerals olivine and low-calcium (Ca) pyroxene (enstatite); it is named for occurrences in the Harz Mountains of Germany.[1]
Table of Contents
56 relations: Archean, Atmospheric pressure, Augite, Bar (unit), Basalt, Bay of Islands, Newfoundland and Labrador, Boninite, Bronzite, Bushveld Igneous Complex, Calcium, California, Chromium, Continental crust, Craton, Cumulate rock, Cyprus, Dunite, Earth's mantle, Enstatite, Fractional crystallization (geology), Garnet, Harz, Igneous rock, Kimberlite, Layered intrusion, Lherz Massif, Lherzolite, Lithosphere, Mafic, Magma, Magma chamber, Mantle (geology), Massif, Mineral, Newfoundland (island), Obduction, Oceanic crust, Olivine, Oman, Ophiolite, Paleoproterozoic, Partial melting, Peridotite, Plagioclase, Plate tectonics, Proterozoic, Pyrenees, Pyroxene, Samail Ophiolite, Sill (geology), ... Expand index (6 more) »
Archean
The Archean Eon (also spelled Archaean or Archæan), in older sources sometimes called the Archaeozoic, is the second of the four geologic eons of Earth's history, preceded by the Hadean Eon and followed by the Proterozoic.
Atmospheric pressure
Atmospheric pressure, also known as air pressure or barometric pressure (after the barometer), is the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth.
See Harzburgite and Atmospheric pressure
Augite
Augite, also known as Augurite, is a common rock-forming pyroxene mineral with formula.
Bar (unit)
The bar is a metric unit of pressure defined as 100,000 Pa (100 kPa), though not part of the International System of Units (SI).
See Harzburgite and Bar (unit)
Basalt
Basalt is an aphanitic (fine-grained) extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron (mafic lava) exposed at or very near the surface of a rocky planet or moon.
Bay of Islands, Newfoundland and Labrador
The Bay of Islands is an extensive inlet located on the west coast of the island of Newfoundland, in Canada.
See Harzburgite and Bay of Islands, Newfoundland and Labrador
Boninite
Boninite is an extrusive rock high in both magnesium and silica, thought to be usually formed in fore-arc environments, typically during the early stages of subduction.
Bronzite
Bronzite is a member of the pyroxene group of minerals, belonging with enstatite and hypersthene to the orthorhombic series of the group.
Bushveld Igneous Complex
The Bushveld Igneous Complex (BIC) is the largest layered igneous intrusion within the Earth's crust.
See Harzburgite and Bushveld Igneous Complex
Calcium
Calcium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ca and atomic number 20.
California
California is a state in the Western United States, lying on the American Pacific Coast.
See Harzburgite and California
Chromium
Chromium is a chemical element; it has symbol Cr and atomic number 24.
Continental crust
Continental crust is the layer of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks that forms the geological continents and the areas of shallow seabed close to their shores, known as continental shelves.
See Harzburgite and Continental crust
Craton
A craton (or; from κράτος "strength") is an old and stable part of the continental lithosphere, which consists of Earth's two topmost layers, the crust and the uppermost mantle.
Cumulate rock
Cumulate rocks are igneous rocks formed by the accumulation of crystals from a magma either by settling or floating.
See Harzburgite and Cumulate rock
Cyprus
Cyprus, officially the Republic of Cyprus, is an island country in the eastern Mediterranean Sea.
Dunite
Dunite, also known as olivinite (not to be confused with the mineral olivenite), is an intrusive igneous rock of ultramafic composition and with phaneritic (coarse-grained) texture.
Earth's mantle
Earth's mantle is a layer of silicate rock between the crust and the outer core.
See Harzburgite and Earth's mantle
Enstatite
Enstatite is a mineral; the magnesium endmember of the pyroxene silicate mineral series enstatite (MgSiO3) – ferrosilite (FeSiO3).
Fractional crystallization (geology)
Fractional crystallization, or crystal fractionation, is one of the most important geochemical and physical processes operating within crust and mantle of a rocky planetary body, such as the Earth.
See Harzburgite and Fractional crystallization (geology)
Garnet
Garnets are a group of silicate minerals that have been used since the Bronze Age as gemstones and abrasives.
Harz
The Harz is a highland area in northern Germany.
Igneous rock
Igneous rock, or magmatic rock, is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic.
See Harzburgite and Igneous rock
Kimberlite
Kimberlite, an igneous rock and a rare variant of peridotite, is most commonly known to be the main host matrix for diamonds.
See Harzburgite and Kimberlite
Layered intrusion
A layered intrusion is a large sill-like body of igneous rock which exhibits vertical layering or differences in composition and texture.
See Harzburgite and Layered intrusion
Lherz Massif
Lherz Massif is an upper mantle peridotite body in the French Pyrenees.
See Harzburgite and Lherz Massif
Lherzolite
Lherzolite is a type of ultramafic igneous rock.
See Harzburgite and Lherzolite
Lithosphere
A lithosphere is the rigid, outermost rocky shell of a terrestrial planet or natural satellite.
See Harzburgite and Lithosphere
Mafic
A mafic mineral or rock is a silicate mineral or igneous rock rich in magnesium and iron.
Magma
Magma is the molten or semi-molten natural material from which all igneous rocks are formed.
Magma chamber
A magma chamber is a large pool of liquid rock beneath the surface of the Earth.
See Harzburgite and Magma chamber
Mantle (geology)
A mantle is a layer inside a planetary body bounded below by a core and above by a crust.
See Harzburgite and Mantle (geology)
Massif
A massif is a principal mountain mass, such as a compact portion of a mountain range, containing one or more summits (e.g. France's Massif Central).
Mineral
In geology and mineralogy, a mineral or mineral species is, broadly speaking, a solid substance with a fairly well-defined chemical composition and a specific crystal structure that occurs naturally in pure form.
Newfoundland (island)
Newfoundland (Terre-Neuve) is a large island within the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.
See Harzburgite and Newfoundland (island)
Obduction
Obduction is a geological process whereby denser oceanic crust (and even upper mantle) is scraped off a descending ocean plate at a convergent plate boundary and thrust on top of an adjacent plate.
Oceanic crust
Oceanic crust is the uppermost layer of the oceanic portion of the tectonic plates.
See Harzburgite and Oceanic crust
Olivine
The mineral olivine is a magnesium iron silicate with the chemical formula.
Oman
Oman, officially the Sultanate of Oman, is a country in West Asia.
Ophiolite
An ophiolite is a section of Earth's oceanic crust and the underlying upper mantle that has been uplifted and exposed, and often emplaced onto continental crustal rocks.
Paleoproterozoic
The Paleoproterozoic Era (also spelled Palaeoproterozoic) is the first of the three sub-divisions (eras) of the Proterozoic eon, and also the longest era of the Earth's geological history, spanning from (2.5–1.6 Ga).
See Harzburgite and Paleoproterozoic
Partial melting
Partial melting is the phenomenon that occurs when a rock is subjected to temperatures high enough to cause certain minerals to melt, but not all of them.
See Harzburgite and Partial melting
Peridotite
Peridotite is a dense, coarse-grained igneous rock consisting mostly of the silicate minerals olivine and pyroxene.
See Harzburgite and Peridotite
Plagioclase
Plagioclase is a series of tectosilicate (framework silicate) minerals within the feldspar group.
See Harzburgite and Plagioclase
Plate tectonics
Plate tectonics is the scientific theory that Earth's lithosphere comprises a number of large tectonic plates, which have been slowly moving since 3–4 billion years ago.
See Harzburgite and Plate tectonics
Proterozoic
The Proterozoic is the third of the four geologic eons of Earth's history, spanning the time interval from 2500 to 538.8Mya, the longest eon of the Earth's geologic time scale.
See Harzburgite and Proterozoic
Pyrenees
The Pyrenees are a mountain range straddling the border of France and Spain.
Pyroxene
The pyroxenes (commonly abbreviated Px) are a group of important rock-forming inosilicate minerals found in many igneous and metamorphic rocks.
Samail Ophiolite
The Samail Ophiolite, also known as the Semail Ophiolite, is a large, ancient geological formation in Oman and the United Arab Emirates in the Arabian Peninsula.
See Harzburgite and Samail Ophiolite
Sill (geology)
In geology, a sill is a tabular sheet intrusion that has intruded between older layers of sedimentary rock, beds of volcanic lava or tuff, or along the direction of foliation in metamorphic rock.
See Harzburgite and Sill (geology)
Spinel
Spinel is the magnesium/aluminium member of the larger spinel group of minerals.
Stillwater igneous complex
The Stillwater igneous complex is a large layered mafic intrusion (LMI) located in southern Montana in Stillwater, Sweet Grass and Park Counties.
See Harzburgite and Stillwater igneous complex
Troodos Ophiolite
The Troodos Ophiolite on the island of Cyprus represents a Late Cretaceous spreading axis (mid-ocean ridge) that has since been uplifted due to its positioning on the overriding Anatolian plate at the Cyprus arc and ongoing subduction to the south of the Eratosthenes Seamount.
See Harzburgite and Troodos Ophiolite
Ultramafic rock
Ultramafic rocks (also referred to as ultrabasic rocks, although the terms are not wholly equivalent) are igneous and meta-igneous rocks with a very low silica content (less than 45%), generally >18% MgO, high FeO, low potassium, and are composed of usually greater than 90% mafic minerals (dark colored, high magnesium and iron content).
See Harzburgite and Ultramafic rock
Upper mantle
The upper mantle of Earth is a very thick layer of rock inside the planet, which begins just beneath the crust (at about under the oceans and about under the continents) and ends at the top of the lower mantle at.
See Harzburgite and Upper mantle
Xenolith
A xenolith ("foreign rock") is a rock fragment (country rock) that becomes enveloped in a larger rock during the latter's development and solidification.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harzburgite
, Spinel, Stillwater igneous complex, Troodos Ophiolite, Ultramafic rock, Upper mantle, Xenolith.