Sumatra, the Glossary
Table of Contents
207 relations: Aceh, Aceh Sultanate, Aceh War, Acehnese language, Acehnese people, Aliran Kepercayaan, Amorphophallus titanum, Andaman Islands, Arabs, Architecture of Sumatra, Asahan River, Austronesian languages, Banda Aceh, Bandar Lampung, Bangka Belitung Islands, Bangka Strait, Barisan Mountains, Batak, Batak languages, Batang Hari River, Bengkulu, Bengkulu (city), Berbak National Park, Binjai, Borneo, Buddhism, Bukar–Sadong language, Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Bukit Seguntang, Bukittinggi, Catholic Church, Chamic languages, Chams, China, Chinese Indonesians, Chola Empire, Coffea arabica, Coffea canephora, Coffee production in Indonesia, Communism in Sumatra, Confucianism, Critically Endangered, Deforestation, Dumai, Dutch colonial empire, Dutch East Indies, Ecocide, Economic development, Economic policy, Elaeis, ... Expand index (157 more) »
- Greater Sunda Islands
- Islands of the Indian Ocean
Aceh
Aceh (Acèh, Jawoë: اچيه), officially the Province of Aceh (Provinsi Aceh, Nanggroë Acèh, Jawoë: نڠڬرواي اچيه), is the westernmost province of Indonesia. Sumatra and Aceh are maritime Southeast Asia.
See Sumatra and Aceh
Aceh Sultanate
The Sultanate of Aceh, officially the Kingdom of Aceh Darussalam (Nanggroe Acèh Darussalam; Jawoë), was a sultanate centered in the modern-day Indonesian province of Aceh.
See Sumatra and Aceh Sultanate
Aceh War
The Aceh War (Perang Aceh), also known as the Dutch War or the Infidel War (1873–1904), was an armed military conflict between the Sultanate of Aceh and the Kingdom of the Netherlands which was triggered by discussions between representatives of Aceh and the United States in Singapore during early 1873.
Acehnese language
Acehnese or Achinese (Jawoë) is an Austronesian language natively spoken by the Acehnese people in Aceh, Sumatra, Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Acehnese language
Acehnese people
The Acehnese (also written as Atjehnese and Achinese) are an indigenous ethnic group from Aceh, Indonesia on the northernmost tip of the island of Sumatra.
See Sumatra and Acehnese people
Aliran Kepercayaan
Aliran Kepercayaan (the branches/flows of beliefs) is an official cover term for groups of followers of various religious movements.
See Sumatra and Aliran Kepercayaan
Amorphophallus titanum
Amorphophallus titanum, the titan arum, is a flowering plant in the family Araceae.
See Sumatra and Amorphophallus titanum
Andaman Islands
The Andaman Islands are an archipelago, made up of 200 islands, in the northeastern Indian Ocean about southwest off the coasts of Myanmar's Ayeyarwady Region. Sumatra and Andaman Islands are maritime Southeast Asia.
See Sumatra and Andaman Islands
Arabs
The Arabs (عَرَب, DIN 31635:, Arabic pronunciation), also known as the Arab people (الشَّعْبَ الْعَرَبِيّ), are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa.
Architecture of Sumatra
The Indonesian island of Sumatra is the sixth largest island in the world.
See Sumatra and Architecture of Sumatra
Asahan River
The Asahan River (Sungai Asahan) is one of the principal rivers in North Sumatra, Indonesia, that begins in Porsea, Toba Regency near the southeast corner of Lake Toba.
Austronesian languages
The Austronesian languages are a language family widely spoken throughout Maritime Southeast Asia, parts of Mainland Southeast Asia, Madagascar, the islands of the Pacific Ocean and Taiwan (by Taiwanese indigenous peoples).
See Sumatra and Austronesian languages
Banda Aceh
Banda Aceh (Acehnese: Banda Acèh, Jawoë: بند اچيه) is the capital and largest city in the province of Aceh, Indonesia.
Bandar Lampung
Bandar Lampung (Lampungese: Kutak Bandarlampung; formerly Dutch: Oosthaven) is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of Lampung.
See Sumatra and Bandar Lampung
Bangka Belitung Islands
The Bangka Belitung Islands (Kepulauan Bangka Belitung; Jawi) is a province of Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Bangka Belitung Islands
Bangka Strait
Bangka Strait is the strait that separates the island of Sumatra from Bangka Island (Pulau Bangka) in the Java Sea, Indonesia.
Barisan Mountains
The Bukit Barisan or the Barisan Mountains are a mountain range on the western side of Sumatra, Indonesia, covering nearly 1,700 km (1,050 mi) from the north to the south of the island.
See Sumatra and Barisan Mountains
Batak
Batak is a collective term used to identify a number of closely related Austronesian ethnic groups predominantly found in North Sumatra, Indonesia, who speak Batak languages.
Batak languages
The Batak languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages spoken by the Batak people in the Indonesian province of North Sumatra and surrounding areas.
See Sumatra and Batak languages
Batang Hari River
The Batang Hari (Sungai Batanghari) is the longest river in Sumatra island, Indonesia, about northwest of the capital Jakarta.
See Sumatra and Batang Hari River
Bengkulu
Bengkulu, historically known as Bencoolen, is a province of Indonesia.
Bengkulu (city)
Bengkulu (Rejangese), formerly Bencoolen (Dutch: Benkoelen) is the capital of the Indonesian province of Bengkulu.
See Sumatra and Bengkulu (city)
Berbak National Park
The Berbak National Park in Sumatra island, Jambi province of Indonesia, forms part of the largest undisturbed swamp forest in southeastern Asia,Indonesian Ministry of Forestry:, retrieved 04-12-2009 and the peat swamp forest with the greatest number of palm species.
See Sumatra and Berbak National Park
Binjai
Binjai (English: or, Jawi), formally Kota Binjai (Binjai City), is an independent city in the North Sumatra province of Indonesia, bordered by Deli Serdang Regency to the east and Langkat Regency to the west.
Borneo
Borneo (also known as Kalimantan in the Indonesian language) is the third-largest island in the world, with an area of. Sumatra and Borneo are greater Sunda Islands and maritime Southeast Asia.
Buddhism
Buddhism, also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya, is an Indian religion and philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha, a wandering teacher who lived in the 6th or 5th century BCE.
Bukar–Sadong language
Bukar–Sadong is an Austronesian language mainly spoken by Bidayuh people in Sarawak but also in bordering regions of West Kalimantan, Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Bukar–Sadong language
Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park
Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park is a national park in Sumatra, Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park
Bukit Seguntang
Bukit Seguntang or Bukit Siguntang (English: Seguntang Hill or Siguntang Hill) is a 29–30 metres high small hill located at the northern bank of Musi River and within the vicinity of Palembang, capital city of South Sumatra, Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Bukit Seguntang
Bukittinggi
Bukittinggi (Bukiktinggi, Jawi: بوكيق تيڠڬي, formerly Fort de Kock) is the third largest city in West Sumatra, Indonesia, with a population of 111,312 in 2010Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.
See Sumatra and Catholic Church
Chamic languages
The Chamic languages, also known as Aceh–Chamic and Acehnese–Chamic, are a group of ten languages spoken in Aceh (Sumatra, Indonesia) and in parts of Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam and Hainan, China.
See Sumatra and Chamic languages
Chams
The Chams (Cham: ꨌꩌ, Čaṃ), or Champa people (Cham:, Urang Campa; Người Chăm or Người Chàm; ជនជាតិចាម), are an Austronesian ethnic group in Southeast Asia as well as an indigenous people of central Vietnam.
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia.
Chinese Indonesians
Chinese Indonesians (Orang Tionghoa Indonesia), or simply Orang Tionghoa or Tionghoa, are Indonesians whose ancestors arrived from China at some stage in the last eight centuries.
See Sumatra and Chinese Indonesians
Chola Empire
The Chola Empire, which is often referred to as the Imperial Cholas, was a medieval Indian, thalassocratic empire that was established by the Chola dynasty that rose to prominence during the middle of the ninth century and united southern India under their rule.
Coffea arabica
Coffea arabica, also known as the Arabica coffee, is a species of flowering plant in the coffee and madder family Rubiaceae.
See Sumatra and Coffea arabica
Coffea canephora
Coffea canephora (especially C. canephora var. robusta, so predominantly cultivated that it is often simply termed Coffea robusta, or commonly robusta coffee) is a species of coffee plant that has its origins in central and western sub-Saharan Africa.
See Sumatra and Coffea canephora
Coffee production in Indonesia
Indonesia was the fourth-largest producer of coffee in the world in 2014.
See Sumatra and Coffee production in Indonesia
Communism in Sumatra
Communism in Sumatra has historically had an influence in the politics and society of Sumatra.
See Sumatra and Communism in Sumatra
Confucianism
Confucianism, also known as Ruism or Ru classicism, is a system of thought and behavior originating in ancient China, and is variously described as a tradition, philosophy (humanistic or rationalistic), religion, theory of government, or way of life.
Critically Endangered
An IUCN Red List Critically Endangered (CR or sometimes CE) species is one that has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
See Sumatra and Critically Endangered
Deforestation
Deforestation or forest clearance is the removal and destruction of a forest or stand of trees from land that is then converted to non-forest use.
Dumai
Dumai (Jawi), is a coastal city in Riau Province on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia.
Dutch colonial empire
The Dutch colonial empire (Nederlandse koloniale rijk) comprised the overseas territories and trading posts controlled and administered by Dutch chartered companies—mainly the Dutch East India Company and the Dutch West India Company—and subsequently by the Dutch Republic (1581–1795), and by the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands after 1815.
See Sumatra and Dutch colonial empire
Dutch East Indies
The Dutch East Indies, also known as the Netherlands East Indies (Nederlands(ch)-Indië) and Dutch Indonesia, was a Dutch colony with territory mostly comprising the modern state of Indonesia, which declared independence on 17 August 1945. Sumatra and Dutch East Indies are maritime Southeast Asia.
See Sumatra and Dutch East Indies
Ecocide
Ecocide (from Greek oikos "home" and Latin cadere "to kill") is the destruction of the environment by humans.
Economic development
In the economics study of the public sector, economic and social development is the process by which the economic well-being and quality of life of a nation, region, local community, or an individual are improved according to targeted goals and objectives.
See Sumatra and Economic development
Economic policy
The economy of governments covers the systems for setting levels of taxation, government budgets, the money supply and interest rates as well as the labour market, national ownership, and many other areas of government interventions into the economy.
See Sumatra and Economic policy
Elaeis
Elaeis is a genus of palms containing two species, called oil palms.
Enggano Island
Enggano Island (Pulau Enggano) is about southwest of Sumatra, Indonesia. Sumatra and Enggano Island are Populated places in Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Enggano Island
Equator
The equator is a circle of latitude that divides a spheroid, such as Earth, into the Northern and Southern hemispheres.
Eurasia
Eurasia is the largest continental area on Earth, comprising all of Europe and Asia.
Folk religion
In religious studies and folkloristics, folk religion, traditional religion, or vernacular religion comprises various forms and expressions of religion that are distinct from the official doctrines and practices of organized religion.
Free Aceh Movement
The Free Aceh Movement (Gerakan Aceh Merdeka, GAM; Geurakan Acèh Meurdèka / Gěrakan Aceh Měrdeka) was a separatist group seeking independence for the Aceh region of Sumatra, Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Free Aceh Movement
Gayo language
Gayo (alternatively rendered as Gajo) is an endangered Austronesian language spoken by some 275,000 people in the mountainous region of the Indonesian province Aceh on the Northern tip of the island of Sumatra, specifically around the Central Aceh, Bener Meriah and Gayo Lues regencies.
Gayo people
The Gayo people are an ethnic group living in the highlands of Aceh Province, Sumatra, Indonesia.
Giling Basah
Giling Basah is a term used by Indonesian coffee processors to describe the method they use to remove the hulls of Coffea arabica.
Great Sumatran fault
The Indonesian island of Sumatra is located in a highly seismic area of the world.
See Sumatra and Great Sumatran fault
Greater North Borneo languages
The Greater North Borneo languages are a proposed subgroup of the Austronesian language family.
See Sumatra and Greater North Borneo languages
Greater Sunda Islands
The Greater Sunda Islands (Indonesian and Malay: Kepulauan Sunda Besar) are four tropical islands situated within the Indonesian Archipelago, in the Pacific Ocean. Sumatra and Greater Sunda Islands are islands of Indonesia, maritime Southeast Asia and Populated places in Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Greater Sunda Islands
Gunung Leuser National Park
Gunung Leuser National Park is a national park covering 7,927 km2 in northern Sumatra, Indonesia, straddling the border of Aceh and North Sumatra provinces, a fourth portion and three-fourths portion, respectively.
See Sumatra and Gunung Leuser National Park
Haji Sumatrabhumi
Haji Sumatrabhumi (meaning "King of the land of Sumatra") was a king of the Srivijaya Kingdom who sent envoys to the Chinese Song dynasty in 1017.
See Sumatra and Haji Sumatrabhumi
Highland
Highlands or uplands are areas of high elevation such as a mountainous region, elevated mountainous plateau or high hills.
Hinduism
Hinduism is an Indian religion or dharma, a religious and universal order by which its followers abide.
Human Rights Watch
Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization headquartered in New York City that conducts research and advocacy on human rights.
See Sumatra and Human Rights Watch
Indian Indonesians
Indian Indonesians are Indonesians whose ancestors originally came from the Indian subcontinent.
See Sumatra and Indian Indonesians
Indian Ocean
The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or approx.
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. Sumatra and Indonesia are maritime Southeast Asia.
Indonesian archipelago
The Indonesian archipelago (Kepulauan Indonesia) is a vast and diverse collection of over 17,000 to 18,000 islands located between the Indian and Pacific Oceans in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Sumatra and Indonesian archipelago are islands of Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Indonesian archipelago
Indonesian language
Indonesian is the official and national language of Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Indonesian language
Indragiri River
The Indragiri River is a river in Sumatra, in the Indonesian province of Riau, about 800 km northwest of the capital Jakarta.
See Sumatra and Indragiri River
Inflorescence
An inflorescence, in a flowering plant, is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a system of branches.
Insurgency in Aceh
The insurgency in Aceh, officially designated the Rebellion in Aceh (Pemberontakan di Aceh) by the Indonesian government, was a conflict fought by the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) between 1976 and 2005, with the goal of making the province of Aceh independent from Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Insurgency in Aceh
Invasion of Sumatra
The Invasion of Sumatra was the assault by Imperial Japanese forces on the Dutch East Indies that took place from 14 February to 28 March 1942.
See Sumatra and Invasion of Sumatra
Iskandar Muda
Iskandar Muda (1583? – 27 December 1636Yusra Habib Abdul Gani,, accessed on 4 January 2007) was the twelfth Sultan of Acèh Darussalam, under whom the sultanate achieved its greatest territorial extent, holding sway as the strongest power and wealthiest state in the western Indonesian archipelago and the Strait of Malacca.
Islam
Islam (al-Islām) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder.
Jambi
Jambi is a province of Indonesia.
Jambi (city)
Jambi is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of Jambi.
Java
Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. Sumatra and Java are greater Sunda Islands, islands of Indonesia, islands of the Indian Ocean, maritime Southeast Asia and Populated places in Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Java
Java Sea
The Java Sea (Laut Jawa, Segara Jawa) is an extensive shallow sea on the Sunda Shelf, between the Indonesian islands of Borneo to the north, Java to the south, Sumatra to the west, and Sulawesi to the east. Sumatra and Java Sea are maritime Southeast Asia.
Javanese people
The Javanese (Orang Jawa; ꦮꦺꦴꦁꦗꦮ, Wong Jawa; ꦠꦶꦪꦁꦗꦮꦶ, Tiyang Jawi) are an Austronesian ethnic group native to the central and eastern part of the Indonesian island of Java.
See Sumatra and Javanese people
Johor
Johor (also spelled Johore or historically, Jahore) is a state of Malaysia in the south of the Malay Peninsula.
Johor Sultanate
The Johor Sultanate (Kesultanan Johor or کسلطانن جوهر; also called the Sultanate of Johor, Johor-Pahang-Riau-Lingga, or the Johor Empire) was founded by Sultan of Malacca Mahmud Shah's son, Alauddin Riayat Shah II in 1528.
See Sumatra and Johor Sultanate
Kampar River
The Kampar River is on the island of Sumatra in Indonesia, about 800 km northwest of the capital Jakarta.
Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia
The Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) is the official dictionary of the Indonesian language compiled by Language Development and Fostering Agency and published by Balai Pustaka.
See Sumatra and Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia
Karimata Strait
The Karimata Strait (alternatively, Carimata or Caramata; Selat Karimata) is a wide strait that connects the South China Sea to the Java Sea, separating the Indonesian islands of Belitung to the west and Borneo (Kalimantan) to the east.
See Sumatra and Karimata Strait
Kerinci Seblat National Park
Kerinci Seblat National Park is the largest national park on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Kerinci Seblat National Park
Komering language
Komering is a Lampungic language spoken by the Komering people, an indigenous ethnic group native to Komering regions alongside the Komering River in South Sumatra, Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Komering language
Krakatoa
Krakatoa, also transcribed italic, is a caldera in the Sunda Strait between the islands of Java and Sumatra in the Indonesian province of Lampung.
Krakatoa archipelago
The Krakatoa Archipelago is a small uninhabited archipelago of volcanic islands formed by the Krakatoa stratovolcano located in the Sunda Strait, nestled between the much larger islands of Java and Sumatra.
See Sumatra and Krakatoa archipelago
Lake Toba
Lake Toba (Danau Toba, Toba Batak: ᯖᯀᯬ ᯖᯬᯅ; romanized: Tao Toba) is a large natural lake in North Sumatra, Indonesia, occupying the caldera of the Toba supervolcano.The lake is located in the middle of the northern part of the island of Sumatra, with a surface elevation of about, the lake stretches from to.
Lambri
Lamuri, Lamri, or Lambri was a kingdom in northern Sumatra, Indonesia recorded from the 9th century until the early 16th century.
Lampung
Lampung, officially the Province of Lampung (Provinsi Lampung), is a province of Indonesia.
Lampung language
Lampung or Lampungic (cawa Lampung) is an Austronesian language or dialect cluster with around 1.5 million native speakers, who primarily belong to the Lampung ethnic group of southern Sumatra, Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Lampung language
Lampung people
The Lampung or Lampungese (Jamma Lampung; Ulun Lappung) are an indigenous ethnic group native to Lampung and some parts of South Sumatra (especially in Martapura region of East Ogan Komering Ulu Regency, Muaradua district of South Ogan Komering Ulu Regency, Kayu Agung district of Ogan Komering Ilir Regency), Bengkulu (in Merpas district of Kaur Regency), as well as in the southwest coast of Banten (in Cikoneng of Serang Regency).
See Sumatra and Lampung people
Land Dayak languages
The Land Dayak languages are a group of dozen or so languages spoken by the Bidayuh Land Dayaks of Borneo, and by some, also spoken by the Rejang people of southwestern Sumatra.
See Sumatra and Land Dayak languages
Languages of Indonesia
More than 700 living languages are spoken in Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Languages of Indonesia
Lhokseumawe
Lhokseumawe (Lhôk Seumaw‘è, Jawoë), is the second largest city (by population, after Bandar Aceh) in Aceh province, Indonesia, having recently overtaken Langsa.
List of amphibians of Sumatra
The following is a list of amphibians of Sumatra, Indonesia from Kurniati (2007)Kurniati, Hellen (2007).
See Sumatra and List of amphibians of Sumatra
List of islands by area
This list includes all islands in the world larger than.
See Sumatra and List of islands by area
List of islands by population
This is a list of islands in the world ordered by population, which includes all islands with more than 100,000 people.
See Sumatra and List of islands by population
Lubuklinggau
Lubuklinggau, is a city in South Sumatra, Indonesia.
Majapahit
Majapahit (ꦩꦗꦥꦲꦶꦠ꧀), also known as Wilwatikta (ꦮꦶꦭ꧀ꦮꦠꦶꦏ꧀ꦠ), was a Javanese Hindu-Buddhist thalassocratic empire in Southeast Asia that was based on the island of Java (in modern-day Indonesia).
Malay Indonesians
Malay Indonesians (Malay/Indonesian: Orang Melayu Indonesia; Jawi) are ethnic Malays living throughout Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Malay Indonesians
Malay language
Malay (Bahasa Melayu, Jawi: بهاس ملايو) is an Austronesian language that is an official language of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore, and that is also spoken in East Timor and parts of Thailand.
See Sumatra and Malay language
Malay Peninsula
The Malay Peninsula is located in Mainland Southeast Asia.
See Sumatra and Malay Peninsula
Malayic languages
The Malayic languages are a branch of the Malayo-Polynesian subgroup of the Austronesian language family.
See Sumatra and Malayic languages
Malayo-Polynesian languages
The Malayo-Polynesian languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages, with approximately 385.5 million speakers.
See Sumatra and Malayo-Polynesian languages
Malaysia
Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia.
Mangrove forest
Mangrove forests, also called mangrove swamps, mangrove thickets or mangals, are productive wetlands that occur in coastal intertidal zones.
See Sumatra and Mangrove forest
Marco Polo
Marco Polo (8 January 1324) was a Venetian merchant, explorer and writer who travelled through Asia along the Silk Road between 1271 and 1295.
Maritime transport
Maritime transport (or ocean transport) or more generally waterborne transport, is the transport of people (passengers) or goods (cargo) via waterways.
See Sumatra and Maritime transport
Medan
Medan is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of North Sumatra.
Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, on the east by the Levant in West Asia, and on the west almost by the Morocco–Spain border.
See Sumatra and Mediterranean Sea
Melayu Kingdom
The Melayu Kingdom (also known as Malayu, Dharmasraya Kingdom or the Jambi Kingdom;, reconstructed Middle Chinese pronunciation mat-la-yu kwok)Muljana, Slamet, (2006), Sriwijaya, Yogyakarta: LKIS,.
See Sumatra and Melayu Kingdom
Mentawai Islands Regency
The Mentawai Islands Regency is a regency of West Sumatra Province which consists of a chain of about a hundred islands and islets approximately off the western coast of Sumatra in Indonesia. Sumatra and Mentawai Islands Regency are islands of the Indian Ocean and Populated places in Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Mentawai Islands Regency
Mentawai people
Mentawai (also known as Mentawei and Mentawi) people are the native people of the Mentawai Islands (principally Siberut, Sipura, North Pagai and South Pagai) about 100 miles from West Sumatra province, Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Mentawai people
Minangkabau language
Minangkabau (Minangkabau: Baso Minangkabau, Jawi script:; Bahasa Minangkabau) is an Austronesian language spoken by the Minangkabau of West Sumatra, the western part of Riau, South Aceh Regency, the northern part of Bengkulu and Jambi, also in several cities throughout Indonesia by migrated Minangkabau.
See Sumatra and Minangkabau language
Minangkabau people
Minangkabau people (Urang Minang or Urang Awak; Indonesian or Malay: Orang Minangkabau; Jawi), also known as Minang, are an Austronesian ethnic group native to the Minangkabau Highlands of West Sumatra, Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Minangkabau people
Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology
The Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology (Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi, abbreviated Kemendikbudristek) is a government ministry of the Indonesian government responsible for education, cultural, research, and technology affairs.
See Sumatra and Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology
Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)
The Ministry of Religious Affairs (Kementerian Agama) is an Indonesian ministry that administers religious affairs.
See Sumatra and Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)
Mount Kerinci
Mount Kerinci (also spelled Kerintji, among several other ways, and referred to as Gunung Kerinci, Gadang, Berapi Kurinci, Kerinchi, Korinci/Korintji, or Peak of Indrapura/Indrapoera) is an active stratovolcano and the highest mountain in Sumatra, Indonesia.
Muaro Jambi Temple Compounds
Muaro Jambi (Candi Muaro Jambi) is a Buddhist temple complex, in Muaro Jambi Regency, Jambi province, Sumatra, Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Muaro Jambi Temple Compounds
Musi language
Musi (Basé Musi) is a Malayic variety spoken primarily in parts of South Sumatra, Indonesia.
Musi River (Indonesia)
The Musi River (Sungai Musi) is a river in Southern Sumatra, Indonesia. It flows from south-west to north-east, from the Barisan Mountains range that form the backbone of Sumatra, in Kepahiang Regency, Bengkulu Province, to the Bangka Strait that forms an extension of the South China Sea. The Musi is about 750 kilometers long, and drains most of South Sumatra province.
See Sumatra and Musi River (Indonesia)
Music of Sumatra
The music of Sumatra, Indonesia, is characterized by dangdut and the use of rabab and saluang instruments.
See Sumatra and Music of Sumatra
Nias
Nias (Pulau Nias, Nias: Tanö Niha) is an island located off the western coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. Sumatra and Nias are Populated places in Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Nias
Nias people
Nias people are an ethnic group native to Nias, an island off the west coast of North Sumatra, Indonesia.
North Sumatra
North Sumatra (Sumatera Utara), also called North Sumatra Province, is a province of Indonesia located in the northern part of the island of Sumatra, just south of Aceh.
Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands languages
The Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands languages (also Barrier Islands–Batak languages or Sumatran languages) are a group of Malayo-Polynesian languages spoken by the Batak and related peoples in the interior of North Sumatra and by the Nias, Mentawai people, and others on the Barrier islands (Simeulue, Nias, and Mentawai Islands Regency) off the western coast of Sumatra, Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands languages
Odoric of Pordenone
Odoric of Pordenone (c. 1280–14 January 1331), was a Franciscan friar and missionary explorer from Friuli in northeast Italy.
See Sumatra and Odoric of Pordenone
Padang
Padang is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of West Sumatra.
Palembang
Palembang (Palembang: Pelémbang, Jawi) is the capital city of the Indonesian province of South Sumatra.
Palembang people
Palembang people (Orang Palembang; Palembang language: Uwong Pelémbang), also called Palembang Malay (Melayu Palembang; Jawi) are an ethnic group native to the city of Palembang and its surrounding areas in the South Sumatra province of Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Palembang people
Palembang Sultanate
The Sultanate of Palembang Darussalam (Malay: كسلطانن ڤلمبڠ دارالسلام) was a sultanate in Indonesia whose capital was the city of Palembang in the southern part of the Indonesian island of Sumatra.
See Sumatra and Palembang Sultanate
Pangkalpinang
Pangkalpinang, also colloquially written as Pangkal Pinang, is the capital and largest city of the Bangka Belitung Islands Province in Indonesia. It is located on Bangka Island's east coast, the city is divided into seven districts (kecamatan) and has 42 wards (kelurahan). It covers an area of and it had a population of 174,838 at the 2010 CensusBiro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
Pekanbaru
Pekanbaru is the capital city of the Indonesian province of Riau, and a major economic centre on the eastern side of Sumatra Island with its name derived from the Malay words for 'new market' ('pekan' is market and 'baru' is new).
Pematangsiantar
Pematangsiantar (sometimes written as Pematang Siantar, acronym PS or P. Siantar, colloquially just Siantar), and also known as the City of Pematangsiantar, is an independent city in North Sumatra Province of Indonesia, surrounded by, but not part of, the Simalungun Regency, making Pematangsiantar an enclave within Simalungun Regency.
See Sumatra and Pematangsiantar
Penang
Penang (Pulau Pinang) is a Malaysian state located on the northwest coast of Peninsular Malaysia along the Strait of Malacca.
Petroleum
Petroleum or crude oil, also referred to as simply oil, is a naturally occurring yellowish-black liquid mixture of mainly hydrocarbons, and is found in geological formations.
Pinus merkusii
Pinus merkusii, the Merkus pine or Sumatran pine, is a pine native to the Malesia region of southeast Asia, and the only one that occurs naturally south of the equator.
See Sumatra and Pinus merkusii
Piperaceae
The Piperaceae, also known as the pepper family, are a large family of flowering plants.
Protestantism
Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that emphasizes justification of sinners through faith alone, the teaching that salvation comes by unmerited divine grace, the priesthood of all believers, and the Bible as the sole infallible source of authority for Christian faith and practice.
Provinces of Indonesia
Provinces are the first-level administrative divisions of Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Provinces of Indonesia
Rafflesia arnoldii
Rafflesia arnoldii, the corpse flower, or giant padma, is a species of flowering plant in the parasitic genus Rafflesia.
See Sumatra and Rafflesia arnoldii
Ramayana
The Ramayana (translit-std), also known as Valmiki Ramayana, as traditionally attributed to Valmiki, is a smriti text (also described as a Sanskrit epic) from ancient India, one of the two important epics of Hinduism known as the Itihasas, the other being the Mahabharata.
Ramsar Convention
The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of Ramsar sites (wetlands).
See Sumatra and Ramsar Convention
Rantau Prapat
Rantauprapat is a city in North Sumatra province of Indonesia and it is the seat (capital) of Labuhan Batu Regency.
Red Sea
The Red Sea is a sea inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia.
Regions of Indonesia
This is a list of some of the regions of Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Regions of Indonesia
Rejang language
Rejang is an Austronesian language predominantly spoken by the Rejang people in southwestern parts of Sumatra (Bengkulu), Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Rejang language
Rejang people
Rejang people (Rejang: Tun Hejang or Tun Jang) are an Austronesian ethnolinguistic group, native to the some parts of Bengkulu Province and South Sumatera Province in the southwestern part of Sumatera Island, Indonesia.
Riau
Riau (Jawi) is a province of Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Riau
Riau Islands
The Riau Islands (Kepulauan Riau, Jawi) is a province of Indonesianot to be confused with neighbouring Riau Province from which the Riau Islands Province were separated in 2002.
Rokan River
Rokan River is a river in Riau province, central-eastern Sumatra, Indonesia, about 1,100 km northwest of the capital Jakarta.
Samudera Pasai Sultanate
The Samudera Pasai Sultanate, also known as Samudera or Pasai or Samudera Darussalam or Pacem, was a Muslim kingdom on the north coast of Sumatra from the 13th to the 16th centuries.
See Sumatra and Samudera Pasai Sultanate
Sanskrit
Sanskrit (attributively संस्कृत-,; nominally संस्कृतम्) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages.
Sarawak
Sarawak is a state of Malaysia. Sumatra and Sarawak are maritime Southeast Asia.
Science (journal)
Science, also widely referred to as Science Magazine, is the peer-reviewed academic journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and one of the world's top academic journals.
See Sumatra and Science (journal)
Sea lane
A sea lane, sea road or shipping lane is a regularly used navigable route for large water vessels (ships) on wide waterways such as oceans and large lakes, and is preferably safe, direct and economic.
Siak River
The Siak (Sungai Siak) is a river of Riau province, in the east of Sumatra, Indonesia, about 1000 km northwest of the capital Jakarta.
Simeulue
Simeulue is an island of Indonesia, off the west coast of Sumatra. Sumatra and Simeulue are islands of the Indian Ocean and Populated places in Indonesia.
Singapore
Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, is an island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. Sumatra and Singapore are maritime Southeast Asia.
Singhasari
Singhasari (translit or, Kerajaan Singasari), also known as Tumapel, was a Javanese Hindu-Buddhist kingdom located in east Java between 1222 and 1292.
Solok
Solok (means valley) is a city in West Sumatra, Indonesia.
South Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa.
South China Sea
The South China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean. Sumatra and South China Sea are maritime Southeast Asia.
See Sumatra and South China Sea
South Sumatra
South Sumatra (Sumatera Selatan) is a province of Indonesia, located in the southeast of the island of Sumatra.
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia is the geographical southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Australian mainland, which is part of Oceania.
See Sumatra and Southeast Asia
Spice trade
The spice trade involved historical civilizations in Asia, Northeast Africa and Europe.
Srivijaya
Srivijaya (Sriwijaya), also spelled Sri Vijaya, was a Buddhist thalassocratic empire based on the island of Sumatra (in modern-day Indonesia) that influenced much of Southeast Asia.
Strait of Malacca
The Strait of Malacca is a narrow stretch of water, long and from 65 to 250 km (40–155 mi) wide, between the Malay Peninsula to the northeast and the Indonesian island of Sumatra to the southwest, connecting the Andaman Sea (Indian Ocean) and the South China Sea (Pacific Ocean). Sumatra and Strait of Malacca are maritime Southeast Asia.
See Sumatra and Strait of Malacca
Subduction
Subduction is a geological process in which the oceanic lithosphere and some continental lithosphere is recycled into the Earth's mantle at convergent boundaries.
Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura
The Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura, often called Sultanate of Siak (Kesultanan Siak Sri Inderapura; Jawi), was a kingdom that was located in present-day Siak Regency, and nearby other regions from 1722 to 1949.
See Sumatra and Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura
Sumatran elephant
The Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) is one of three recognized subspecies of the Asian elephant, and native to the Indonesian island of Sumatra.
See Sumatra and Sumatran elephant
Sumatran ground cuckoo
The Sumatran ground cuckoo (Carpococcyx viridis) is a large, terrestrial species of cuckoo.
See Sumatra and Sumatran ground cuckoo
Sumatran orangutan
The Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) is one of the three species of orangutans.
See Sumatra and Sumatran orangutan
Sumatran rhinoceros
The Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis), also known as the Sumatran rhino, hairy rhinoceros or Asian two-horned rhinoceros, is a rare member of the family Rhinocerotidae and one of five extant species of rhinoceros; it is the only extant species of the genus Dicerorhinus.
See Sumatra and Sumatran rhinoceros
Sumatran tiger
The Sumatran tiger is a population of Panthera tigris sondaica on the Indonesian island of Sumatra.
See Sumatra and Sumatran tiger
Sumatran tropical pine forests
The Sumatran tropical pine forests is a tropical coniferous forest ecoregion on the island of Sumatra in Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Sumatran tropical pine forests
Sunda Islands
The Sunda Islands (Kepulauan Sunda; Tetun: Illa Sunda) are a group of islands in the Malay Archipelago. Sumatra and Sunda Islands are greater Sunda Islands, islands of Indonesia and maritime Southeast Asia.
Sunda megathrust
The Sunda megathrust is a fault that extends approximately 5,500 km (3300 mi) from Myanmar (Burma) in the north, running along the southwestern side of Sumatra, to the south of Java and Bali before terminating near Australia.
See Sumatra and Sunda megathrust
Sunda Strait
The Sunda Strait (Selat Sunda) is the strait between the Indonesian islands of Java and Sumatra.
Sundanese people
The Sundanese (Orang Sunda; ᮅᮛᮀ ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ|Urang Sunda) are an indigenous ethnic group native to the western region of Java island in Indonesia, primarily West Java. They number approximately 42 million and form Indonesia's second most populous ethnic group. They speak the Sundanese language, which is part of the Austronesian languages.
See Sumatra and Sundanese people
Supervolcano
A supervolcano is a volcano that has had an eruption with a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of 8, the largest recorded value on the index.
Tamils
The Tamils, also known as the Tamilar, are a Dravidian ethnolinguistic group who natively speak the Tamil language and trace their ancestry mainly to India's southern state of Tamil Nadu, to the union territory of Puducherry, and to Sri Lanka.
Tanjungpinang
Tanjungpinang, also colloquially written as Tanjung Pinang, is the capital city of the Indonesian province of Riau Islands.
Tapanuli orangutan
The Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis) is a species of orangutan restricted to South Tapanuli in the island of Sumatra in Indonesia.
See Sumatra and Tapanuli orangutan
Tebing Tinggi
Tebing Tinggi Deli or more commonly simply Tebing Tinggi (Jawi) is a city near the eastern coast of North Sumatra Province of Indonesia.
The Conversation (website)
The Conversation is a network of nonprofit media outlets publishing news stories and research reports online, with accompanying expert opinion and analysis.
See Sumatra and The Conversation (website)
Time in Indonesia
The Republic of Indonesia, a country located in Southeast Asia has three time zones.
See Sumatra and Time in Indonesia
Tropical rainforest
Tropical rainforests are dense and warm rainforests with high rainfall typically found between 10° north and south of the Equator.
See Sumatra and Tropical rainforest
Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra
The Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra site was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2004.
See Sumatra and Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra
Tropics
The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator.
Tsunami
A tsunami (from lit) is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake.
Types of volcanic eruptions
Several types of volcanic eruptions—during which material is expelled from a volcanic vent or fissure—have been distinguished by volcanologists.
See Sumatra and Types of volcanic eruptions
West Kalimantan
West Kalimantan (Kalimantan Barat) is a province of Indonesia.
See Sumatra and West Kalimantan
West Sumatra
West Sumatra (Sumatera Barat) is a province of Indonesia.
Wetland
A wetland is a distinct semi-aquatic ecosystem whose groundcovers are flooded or saturated in water, either permanently, for years or decades, or only seasonally for a shorter periods.
World Heritage Site
World Heritage Sites are landmarks and areas with legal protection by an international convention administered by UNESCO for having cultural, historical, or scientific significance.
See Sumatra and World Heritage Site
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami
On 26 December 2004, at 07:58:53 local time (UTC+7), a major earthquake with a magnitude of 9.2–9.3 struck with an epicentre off the west coast of northern Sumatra, Indonesia.
See Sumatra and 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami
2005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake
The 2005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake occurred on 28 March off the west coast of northern Sumatra, Indonesia.
See Sumatra and 2005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake
2010 Mentawai earthquake and tsunami
The 2010 Mentawai earthquake occurred with a moment magnitude of 7.8 on 25 October off the western coast of Sumatra at 21:42 local time (14:42 UTC).
See Sumatra and 2010 Mentawai earthquake and tsunami
2013 Southeast Asian haze
The 2013 Southeast Asian haze was a haze crisis that affected several countries in Southeast Asia, including Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Southern Thailand, mainly during June and July 2013.
See Sumatra and 2013 Southeast Asian haze
692
Year 692 (DCXCII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See Sumatra and 692
See also
Greater Sunda Islands
- Borneo
- Greater Sunda Islands
- Java
- Kalimantan
- Karimunjawa
- Kemujan Island
- Madura Island
- Madura Strait
- Mandalika Island
- Selayar Strait
- Sulawesi
- Sumatra
- Sunda Arc
- Sunda Islands
Islands of the Indian Ocean
- Île Saint-Paul
- Ashmore and Cartier Islands
- Banda Islands
- Banten
- Banyak Islands
- Batu Islands
- Chissioua Mtsamboro
- Chovaye
- Christmas Island
- Chula (island)
- Coco Islands
- Hainggyi Island (island)
- Islands of Madagascar
- Islands of Seychelles
- Islands of Somalia
- Islands of Sri Lanka
- Islands of the Maldives
- Islands of the Persian Gulf
- Java
- Kavvayi Backwaters
- Ko Libong
- Koyama (island)
- List of islands in the Indian Ocean
- List of islands of Madagascar
- List of islands of the Maldives
- Maday Island
- Mascarene Islands
- Mentawai Islands Regency
- Pamban Island
- Rinca
- Sempu (island)
- Siberut
- Simeulue
- South Pagai
- Sumatra
- Sumba
- Sumbawa
- Taprobana
- Tinjil
- Tiswadi taluka
- Torca Island
- Weh Island
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra
Also known as Andalas, Eastern Sumatra, Ecology of Sumatra, Flora and fauna of Sumatra, History of Sumatra, ID-SM, Rail transport in Sumatra, Railroads in Sumatra, Railways in Sumatra, Sumatera, Sumatera Celebes, Sumatra Island, Sumatra, Indonesia, Sumatran, Wildlife of Sumatra.
, Enggano Island, Equator, Eurasia, Folk religion, Free Aceh Movement, Gayo language, Gayo people, Giling Basah, Great Sumatran fault, Greater North Borneo languages, Greater Sunda Islands, Gunung Leuser National Park, Haji Sumatrabhumi, Highland, Hinduism, Human Rights Watch, Indian Indonesians, Indian Ocean, Indonesia, Indonesian archipelago, Indonesian language, Indragiri River, Inflorescence, Insurgency in Aceh, Invasion of Sumatra, Iskandar Muda, Islam, Jambi, Jambi (city), Java, Java Sea, Javanese people, Johor, Johor Sultanate, Kampar River, Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Karimata Strait, Kerinci Seblat National Park, Komering language, Krakatoa, Krakatoa archipelago, Lake Toba, Lambri, Lampung, Lampung language, Lampung people, Land Dayak languages, Languages of Indonesia, Lhokseumawe, List of amphibians of Sumatra, List of islands by area, List of islands by population, Lubuklinggau, Majapahit, Malay Indonesians, Malay language, Malay Peninsula, Malayic languages, Malayo-Polynesian languages, Malaysia, Mangrove forest, Marco Polo, Maritime transport, Medan, Mediterranean Sea, Melayu Kingdom, Mentawai Islands Regency, Mentawai people, Minangkabau language, Minangkabau people, Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology, Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia), Mount Kerinci, Muaro Jambi Temple Compounds, Musi language, Musi River (Indonesia), Music of Sumatra, Nias, Nias people, North Sumatra, Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands languages, Odoric of Pordenone, Padang, Palembang, Palembang people, Palembang Sultanate, Pangkalpinang, Pekanbaru, Pematangsiantar, Penang, Petroleum, Pinus merkusii, Piperaceae, Protestantism, Provinces of Indonesia, Rafflesia arnoldii, Ramayana, Ramsar Convention, Rantau Prapat, Red Sea, Regions of Indonesia, Rejang language, Rejang people, Riau, Riau Islands, Rokan River, Samudera Pasai Sultanate, Sanskrit, Sarawak, Science (journal), Sea lane, Siak River, Simeulue, Singapore, Singhasari, Solok, South Africa, South China Sea, South Sumatra, Southeast Asia, Spice trade, Srivijaya, Strait of Malacca, Subduction, Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura, Sumatran elephant, Sumatran ground cuckoo, Sumatran orangutan, Sumatran rhinoceros, Sumatran tiger, Sumatran tropical pine forests, Sunda Islands, Sunda megathrust, Sunda Strait, Sundanese people, Supervolcano, Tamils, Tanjungpinang, Tapanuli orangutan, Tebing Tinggi, The Conversation (website), Time in Indonesia, Tropical rainforest, Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra, Tropics, Tsunami, Types of volcanic eruptions, West Kalimantan, West Sumatra, Wetland, World Heritage Site, World War II, 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, 2005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake, 2010 Mentawai earthquake and tsunami, 2013 Southeast Asian haze, 692.