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History of cannons, the Glossary

The history of cannons spans several hundred years from the 12th century to modern times.^[1]

282 relations: Ahmad Y. al-Hassan, Allies of World War II, American Civil War, Anglo-Zanzibar War, Anti-aircraft warfare, Anti-tank gun, Armstrong gun, Arquebus, Artillery battery, Ashgate Publishing, Asiatic-Pacific theater, Autocannon, Avalanche Press, Ayutthaya Kingdom, Babylon, Baltimore, Bantam Books, Barnes & Noble, Basic Books, Basilic (cannon), Bastion, Bastion fort, Battalion, Battle of Ain Jalut, Battle of Breitenfeld (1631), Battle of Chosin Reservoir, Battle of Crécy, Battle of Flodden, Battle of Friedland, Battle of Lake Poyang, Battle of the Bulge, Battle of Waterloo, Boeing C-17 Globemaster III, Bombard (weapon), Boydell & Brewer, Breastwork (fortification), Breechloader, British Empire, Byzantine Empire, Caliber, Canister shot, Cannon, Cannon fodder, Carroll & Graf Publishers, Carronade, Castle, Chain gun, Champaign, Illinois, Charles Knight (publisher), Charleston, South Carolina, ... Expand index (232 more) »
Weapon history

Ahmad Y. al-Hassan

Ahmad Yousef Al-Hassan (أحمد يوسف الحسن) (June 25, 1925 – April 28, 2012) was a Palestinian/Syrian/Canadian historian of Arabic and Islamic science and technology, educated in Jerusalem, Cairo, and London with a PhD in Mechanical engineering from University College London.

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Allies of World War II

The Allies, formally referred to as the United Nations from 1942, were an international military coalition formed during World War II (1939–1945) to oppose the Axis powers.

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American Civil War

The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), which was formed in 1861 by states that had seceded from the Union.

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Anglo-Zanzibar War

The Anglo-Zanzibar War was a military conflict fought between the United Kingdom and the Sultanate of Zanzibar on 27 August 1896.

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Anti-aircraft warfare

Anti-aircraft warfare is the counter to aerial warfare and it includes "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action" (NATO's definition).

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Anti-tank gun

An anti-tank gun is a form of artillery designed to destroy tanks and other armoured fighting vehicles, normally from a static defensive position. History of cannons and anti-tank gun are cannon.

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Armstrong gun

An Armstrong gun was a uniquely designed type of rifled breech-loading field and heavy gun designed by Sir William Armstrong and manufactured in England beginning in 1855 by the Elswick Ordnance Company and the Royal Arsenal at Woolwich.

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Arquebus

An arquebus is a form of long gun that appeared in Europe and the Ottoman Empire during the 15th century.

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Artillery battery

In military organizations, an artillery battery is a unit or multiple systems of artillery, mortar systems, rocket artillery, multiple rocket launchers, surface-to-surface missiles, ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, etc., so grouped to facilitate better battlefield communication and command and control, as well as to provide dispersion for its constituent gunnery crews and their systems.

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Ashgate Publishing

Ashgate Publishing was an academic book and journal publisher based in Farnham (Surrey, United Kingdom).

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Asiatic-Pacific theater

The Asiatic-Pacific Theater was the theater of operations of U.S. forces during World War II in the Pacific War during 1941–1945.

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Autocannon

An autocannon, automatic cannon or machine cannon is a fully automatic gun that is capable of rapid-firing large-caliber (or more) armour-piercing, explosive or incendiary shells, as opposed to the smaller-caliber kinetic projectiles (bullets) fired by a machine gun.

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Avalanche Press

Avalanche Press is an American company that publishes board wargames and has published some role-playing game supplements.

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Ayutthaya Kingdom

The Ayutthaya Kingdom (อยุธยา,, IAST: or) or the Empire of Ayutthaya was a Mon and later Siamese kingdom that existed in Southeast Asia from 1351 to 1767, centered around the city of Ayutthaya, in Siam, or present-day Thailand.

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Babylon

Babylon was an ancient city located on the lower Euphrates river in southern Mesopotamia, within modern-day Hillah, Iraq, about 85 kilometers (55 miles) south of modern day Baghdad.

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Baltimore

Baltimore is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland.

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Bantam Books

Bantam Books is an American publishing house owned entirely by parent company Random House, a subsidiary of Penguin Random House; it is an imprint of the Random House Publishing Group.

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Barnes & Noble

Barnes & Noble Booksellers is an American bookseller with the largest number of retail outlets in the United States.

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Basic Books

Basic Books is a book publisher founded in 1950 and located in New York City, now an imprint of Hachette Book Group.

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Basilic (cannon)

The Basilic,Tamim Ansary, Destiny Disrupted: A History of the World Through Islamic Eyes,, 2010.

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Bastion

A bastion or bulwark is a structure projecting outward from the curtain wall of a fortification, most commonly angular in shape and positioned at the corners of the fort.

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Bastion fort

A bastion fort or trace italienne (a phrase derived from non-standard French, literally meaning 'Italian outline') is a fortification in a style that evolved during the early modern period of gunpowder when the cannon came to dominate the battlefield.

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Battalion

A battalion is a military unit, typically consisting of up to one thousand soldiers commanded by a lieutenant colonel and subdivided into a number of companies, each typically commanded by a major or a captain.

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Battle of Ain Jalut

The Battle of Ain Jalut, also spelled Ayn Jalut, was fought between the Bahri Mamluks of Egypt and the Mongol Empire on 3 September 1260 (25 Ramadan 658 AH) near the spring of Ain Jalut in southeastern Galilee in the Jezreel Valley.

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Battle of Breitenfeld (1631)

The Battle of Breitenfeld (Schlacht bei Breitenfeld; Slaget vid Breitenfeld) or First Battle of Breitenfeld (in older texts sometimes known as Battle of Leipzig), was fought at a crossroads near Breitenfeld approximately 8 km north-west of the walled city of Leipzig on 17 September (Gregorian calendar), or 7 September (Julian calendar, in wide use at the time), 1631.

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Battle of Chosin Reservoir

The Battle of Chosin Reservoir, also known as the Chosin Reservoir Campaign or the Battle of Lake Changjin, was an important battle in the Korean War.

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Battle of Crécy

The Battle of Crécy took place on 26 August 1346 in northern France between a French army commanded by King PhilipnbspVI and an English army led by King Edward III.

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Battle of Flodden

The Battle of Flodden, Flodden Field, or occasionally Branxton or Brainston Moor was fought on 9 September 1513 during the War of the League of Cambrai between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland and resulted in an English victory.

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Battle of Friedland

The Battle of Friedland (14 June 1807) was a major engagement of the Napoleonic Wars between the armies of the French Empire commanded by Napoleon I and the armies of the Russian Empire led by Count von Bennigsen.

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Battle of Lake Poyang

The Battle of Lake Poyang was a naval battle which took place (30 August – 4 October 1363) between the rebel forces of Zhu Yuanzhang and Chen Youliang during the Red Turban Rebellion which led to the fall of the Yuan dynasty.

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Battle of the Bulge

The Battle of the Bulge, also known as the Ardennes Offensive, was the last major German offensive campaign on the Western Front during World War II which took place from 16 December 1944 to 25 January 1945.

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Battle of Waterloo

The Battle of Waterloo was fought on Sunday 18 June 1815, near Waterloo (at that time in the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, now in Belgium), marking the end of the Napoleonic Wars.

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Boeing C-17 Globemaster III

The McDonnell Douglas/Boeing C-17 Globemaster III is a large military transport aircraft that was developed for the United States Air Force (USAF) from the 1980s to the early 1990s by McDonnell Douglas.

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Bombard (weapon)

The bombard is a type of cannon or mortar which was used throughout the Late Middle Ages and the early modern period.

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Boydell & Brewer

Boydell & Brewer is an academic press based in Martlesham, Suffolk, England, that specializes in publishing historical and critical works.

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Breastwork (fortification)

A breastwork is a temporary fortification, often an earthwork thrown up to breast or shoulder height to provide protection to defenders firing over it from a standing position.

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Breechloader

A breechloader is a firearm in which the user loads the ammunition from the breech end of the barrel (i.e., from the rearward, open end of the gun's barrel), as opposed to a muzzleloader, in which the user loads the ammunition from the (muzzle) end of the barrel.

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British Empire

The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states.

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Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centered in Constantinople during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.

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Caliber

In guns, particularly firearms, but not artillery, where a different definition may apply, caliber (or calibre; sometimes abbreviated as "cal") is the specified nominal internal diameter of the gun barrel bore – regardless of how or where the bore is measured and whether the finished bore matches that specification.

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Canister shot

Canister shot is a kind of anti-personnel artillery ammunition.

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Cannon

A cannon is a large-caliber gun classified as a type of artillery, which usually launches a projectile using explosive chemical propellant.

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Cannon fodder

Cannon fodder is an informal, derogatory term for combatants who are regarded or treated by government or military command as expendable in the face of enemy fire.

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Carroll & Graf Publishers

Carroll & Graf Publishers was an American publishing company based in New York City, New York, known for publishing a wide range of fiction and non-fiction by both new and established authors, as well as issuing reprints of previously hard-to-find works.

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Carronade

A carronade is a short, smoothbore, cast-iron cannon which was used by the Royal Navy. History of cannons and carronade are cannon.

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Castle

A castle is a type of fortified structure built during the Middle Ages predominantly by the nobility or royalty and by military orders.

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Chain gun

A chain gun is a type of autocannon or machine gun that uses an external source of power to cycle the weapon's action via a continuous loop of chain, similar to that used on a motorcycle or bicycle, instead of diverting excess energy from the cartridges' propellant as in a typical automatic firearm.

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Champaign, Illinois

Champaign is a city in Champaign County, Illinois, United States.

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Charles Knight (publisher)

Charles Knight (15 March 1791 – 9 March 1873) was an English publisher, editor and author.

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Charleston, South Carolina

Charleston is the most populous city in the U.S. state of South Carolina, the county seat of Charleston County, and the principal city in the Charleston metropolitan area.

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Chen Youliang

Chen Youliang (陳友諒; 1320 – 3 October 1363For those cross-referencing the Mingshi, in the old Chinese calendar 至正二十三年 refers to the year 1363 CE, 七月二十日 refers to 8月29日 or 29 August, and 八月二十六日 refers to 10月3日 or 3 October.) was the founder and first emperor of the dynastic state of Chen Han in Chinese history.

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China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia.

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Circular error probable

Circular error probable (CEP),Circular Error Probable (CEP), Air Force Operational Test and Evaluation Center Technical Paper 6, Ver 2, July 1987, p. 1 also circular error probability or circle of equal probability, is a measure of a weapon system's precision in the military science of ballistics.

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Constantinople

Constantinople (see other names) became the capital of the Roman Empire during the reign of Constantine the Great in 330.

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Crossbow bolt

A bolt or quarrel is a dart-like projectile used by crossbows.

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Cruise missile

A cruise missile is an unmanned self-propelled guided vehicle that sustains flight through aerodynamic lift for most of its flight path and whose primary mission is to place an ordnance or special payload on a target.

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Cuirassier

Cuirassiers were cavalry equipped with a cuirass, sword, and pistols.

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Culverin

A culverin was initially an ancestor of the hand-held arquebus, but the term was later used to describe a type of medieval and Renaissance cannon. History of cannons and culverin are cannon.

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Da Capo Press

Da Capo Press is an American publishing company with headquarters in Boston, Massachusetts.

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Dardanelles Gun

The Dardanelles Gun or Great Turkish Bombard (Şahi topu or simply Şahi) is a 15th-century siege cannon, specifically a super-sized bombard, which saw action in the 1807 Dardanelles operation.

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Dardanelles operation

The Dardanelles operation was a failed assault by the British Royal Navy against the coastal fortifications of Constantinople.

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Dazu Rock Carvings

The Dazu Rock Carvings are a series of Chinese religious sculptures and carvings and UNESCO World Heritage Site located in Dazu District, Chongqing, China.

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Demi-culverin

The demi-culverin was a medium cannon similar to but slightly larger than a saker and smaller than a regular culverin developed in the late 16th century. History of cannons and demi-culverin are cannon.

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Device Forts

The Device Forts, also known as Henrician castles and blockhouses, were a series of artillery fortifications built to defend the coast of England and Wales by Henry VIII.

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Direct fire

Direct fire or line-of-sight fire refers to firing of a ranged weapon whose projectile is launched directly at a target within the line-of-sight of the user.

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DK (publisher)

Dorling Kindersley Limited (branded as DK) is a British multinational publishing company specialising in illustrated reference books for adults and children in 63 languages.

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Doubleday (publisher)

Doubleday is an American publishing company.

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Edirne

Edirne, historically known as Adrianople (Adrianoúpolis), is a city in Turkey, in the northwestern part of the province of Edirne in Eastern Thrace.

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Emirate of Granada

The Emirate of Granada, also known as the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada, was an Islamic polity in the southern Iberian Peninsula during the Late Middle Ages, ruled by the Nasrid dynasty.

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Enfilade and defilade

Enfilade and defilade are concepts in military tactics used to describe a military formation's exposure to enemy fire.

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Erwin Rommel

Johannes Erwin Eugen Rommel (15 November 1891 – 14 October 1944) was a German Generalfeldmarschall (field marshal) during World War II.

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Eurasia

Eurasia is the largest continental area on Earth, comprising all of Europe and Asia.

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European Theater of Operations, United States Army

The European Theater of Operations, United States Army (ETOUSA) was a theater of Operations responsible for directing United States Army operations throughout the European theatre of World War II, from 1942 to 1945.

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Falconet (cannon)

The falconet was a light cannon developed in the late 15th century that fired a smaller shot than the similar falcon. History of cannons and falconet (cannon) are cannon.

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Fall of Constantinople

The fall of Constantinople, also known as the conquest of Constantinople, was the capture of the capital of the Byzantine Empire by the Ottoman Empire.

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Field artillery

Field artillery is a category of mobile artillery used to support armies in the field.

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Field gun

A field gun is a field artillery piece. History of cannons and field gun are cannon.

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Fighter aircraft

Fighter aircraft (early on also pursuit aircraft) are military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat.

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Fire arrow

Fire arrows were one of the earliest forms of weaponized gunpowder, being used from the 9th century onward.

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Fire lance

The fire lance was a gunpowder weapon and the ancestor of modern firearms.

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First Opium War

The First Opium War, also known as the Anglo-Chinese War, was a series of military engagements fought between the British Empire and the Qing dynasty of China between 1839 and 1842.

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Flanking maneuver

In military tactics, a flanking maneuver is a movement of an armed force around an enemy force's side, or flank, to achieve an advantageous position over it.

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Florence

Florence (Firenze) is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany.

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François-René de Chateaubriand

François-René, vicomte de Chateaubriand (4 September 1768 – 4 July 1848) was a French writer, politician, diplomat and historian who influenced French literature of the nineteenth century.

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French Directory

The Directory (also called Directorate) was the governing five-member committee in the French First Republic from 26 October 1795 (4 Brumaire an IV) until October 1799, when it was overthrown by Napoleon Bonaparte in the Coup of 18 Brumaire and replaced by the Consulate.

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French Revolution

The French Revolution was a period of political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789, and ended with the coup of 18 Brumaire in November 1799 and the formation of the French Consulate.

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Gansu

Gansu is an inland province in Northwestern China.

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Gatling gun

The Gatling gun is a rapid-firing multiple-barrel firearm invented in 1861 by Richard Jordan Gatling.

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GAU-8 Avenger

The General Electric GAU-8/A Avenger is a 30 mm hydraulically driven seven-barrel Gatling-style autocannon that is primarily mounted in the United States Air Force's Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II.

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Generalmajor

Generalmajor is the Germanic variant of major general, used in a number of Central and Northern European countries.

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Geological Society of America

The Geological Society of America (GSA) is a nonprofit organization dedicated to the advancement of the geosciences.

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Giovanni Villani

Giovanni Villani (1276 or 1280 – 1348)Bartlett (1992), 35.

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Grapeshot

In artillery, a grapeshot is a type of ammunition that consists of a collection of smaller-caliber round shots packed tightly in a canvas bag and separated from the gunpowder charge by a metal wadding, rather than being a single solid projectile.

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Greenwood Publishing Group

Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. (GPG), also known as ABC-Clio/Greenwood (stylized ABC-CLIO/Greenwood), is an educational and academic publisher (middle school through university level) which is today part of ABC-Clio.

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Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-6-30

The Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-6-30 (Russian: Грязев-Шипунов ГШ-6-30) is a Russian 30 mm rotary cannon aircraft-mounted and naval autocannon used by Soviet and later CIS military aircraft.

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Gun carriage

A gun carriage is a frame or a mount that supports the gun barrel of an artillery piece, allowing it to be maneuvered and fired.

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Gunpowder

Gunpowder, also commonly known as black powder to distinguish it from modern smokeless powder, is the earliest known chemical explosive.

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Gustavus Adolphus

Gustavus Adolphus (9 December 15946 November 1632), also known in English as Gustav II Adolf or Gustav II Adolph, was King of Sweden from 1611 to 1632, and is credited with the rise of Sweden as a great European power (Stormaktstiden).

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Gyroscope

A gyroscope (from Ancient Greek γῦρος gŷros, "round" and σκοπέω skopéō, "to look") is a device used for measuring or maintaining orientation and angular velocity.

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Harvard University

Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

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Hōjō Ujitsuna

was a Japanese samurai lord of the Sengoku period.

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Heilongjiang hand cannon

The Heilongjiang hand cannon or hand-gun is a bronze hand cannon manufactured no later than 1288 and is the world's oldest confirmed surviving firearm.

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Helicopter

A helicopter is a type of rotorcraft in which lift and thrust are supplied by horizontally spinning rotors.

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Henry II of France

Henry II (Henri II; 31 March 1519 – 10 July 1559) was King of France from 1547 until his death in 1559.

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Henry IV, Part 1

Henry IV, Part 1 (often written as 1 Henry IV) is a history play by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written not later than 1597.

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Hispano-Suiza HS.404

The HS.404 is an autocannon originally designed by and produced by the Swiss arm of the Spanish/Swiss company Hispano-Suiza in the mid-1930s.

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History of Yuan

The History of Yuan, also known as the Yuanshi, is one of the official Chinese historical works known as the Twenty-Four Histories of China.

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House of Tudor

The House of Tudor was an English and Welsh dynasty that held the throne of England from 1485 to 1603.

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Howitzer

The howitzer is an artillery weapon that falls between a cannon (or field gun) and a mortar.

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Hu dun pao

Hu dun pao (虎蹲砲) is the name of two different missile weapons in Chinese history. History of cannons and hu dun pao are cannon.

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Hundred Years' War

The Hundred Years' War (1337–1453) was a conflict between the kingdoms of England and France and a civil war in France during the Late Middle Ages.

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Hungary

Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe.

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Huolongjing

The Huolongjing (Wade-Giles: Huo Lung Ching; rendered in English as Fire Drake Manual or Fire Dragon Manual), also known as Huoqitu (“Firearm Illustrations”), is a Chinese military treatise compiled and edited by Jiao Yu and Liu Bowen of the early Ming dynasty (1368–1683) during the 14th century.

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Hwacha

The hwacha or hwach'a was a multiple rocket launcher and an organ gun of similar design which were developed in fifteenth century Korea.

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Ibn Khaldun

Ibn Khaldun (أبو زيد عبد الرحمن بن محمد بن خلدون الحضرمي.,, Arabic:; 27 May 1332 – 17 March 1406, 732–808 AH) was an Arab sociologist, philosopher, and historian widely acknowledged to be one of the greatest social scientists of the Middle Ages, and considered by many to be the father of historiography, sociology, economics, and demography studies.

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Indirect fire

Indirect fire is aiming and firing a projectile without relying on a direct line of sight between the gun and its target, as in the case of direct fire.

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Infantry fighting vehicle

An infantry fighting vehicle (IFV), also known as a mechanized infantry combat vehicle (MICV), is a type of armoured fighting vehicle used to carry infantry into battle and provide direct-fire support.

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Infantry square

An infantry square, also known as a hollow square, was a historic close order formation used in combat by infantry units, usually when threatened with cavalry attack.

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International Committee for the History of Technology

The (ICOHTEC) is an UNESCO-based non-profit-organization of scholars working on the history of technology.

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Ironclad warship

An ironclad was a steam-propelled warship protected by steel or iron armor constructed from 1859 to the early 1890s.

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Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

The Japanese invasions of Korea, commonly known as the Imjin War, involved two separate yet linked invasions: an initial invasion in 1592, a brief truce in 1596, and a second invasion in 1597.

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Joachim Murat

Joachim Murat (also,; Gioacchino Murat; 25 March 1767 – 13 October 1815) was a French military commander and statesman who served during the French Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars.

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Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly

Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly (Johan t'Serclaes Graaf van Tilly; Johann t'Serclaes Graf von Tilly; Jean t'Serclaes de Tilly; February 1559 – 30 April 1632) was a field marshal who commanded the Catholic League's forces in the Thirty Years' War.

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Johns Hopkins University Press

Johns Hopkins University Press (also referred to as JHU Press or JHUP) is the publishing division of Johns Hopkins University.

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Joseon

Joseon, officially Great Joseon State, was a dynastic kingdom of Korea that existed for 505 years.

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Joseph Needham

Noel Joseph Terence Montgomery Needham (9 December 1900 – 24 March 1995) was a British biochemist, historian of science and sinologist known for his scientific research and writing on the history of Chinese science and technology, initiating publication of the multivolume Science and Civilisation in China.

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Joseph Whitworth

Sir Joseph Whitworth, 1st Baronet (21 December 1803 – 22 January 1887) was an English engineer, entrepreneur, inventor and philanthropist.

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Kamikaze

, officially, were a part of the Japanese Special Attack Units of military aviators who flew suicide attacks for the Empire of Japan against Allied naval vessels in the closing stages of the Pacific campaign of World War II, intending to destroy warships more effectively than with conventional air attacks.

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Kenthurst

Kenthurst is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia 39 kilometres north-west of the Sydney central business district in the local government area of The Hills Shire.

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Khmer Empire

The Khmer Empire was a Hindu-Buddhist empire in Southeast Asia, centered around hydraulic cities in what is now northern Cambodia.

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Kievan Rus'

Kievan Rus', also known as Kyivan Rus,.

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Kingdom of France

The Kingdom of France is the historiographical name or umbrella term given to various political entities of France in the medieval and early modern period.

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Korea

Korea (translit in South Korea, or label in North Korea) is a peninsular region in East Asia consisting of the Korean Peninsula (label in South Korea, or label in North Korea), Jeju Island, and smaller islands.

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Korean War

The Korean War was fought between North Korea and South Korea; it began on 25 June 1950 when North Korea invaded South Korea and ceased upon an armistice on 27 July 1953.

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Lam Sơn uprising

The Lam Sơn uprising (Khởi nghĩa Lam Sơn; 起義藍山, also known as; Lam Sơn phong khởi; 藍山蜂起) was a Vietnamese rebellion led by Lê Lợi in the province of Jiaozhi from 1418 to 1427 against the rule of Ming China.

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Lancer

A lancer was a type of cavalryman who fought with a lance.

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Large-calibre artillery

The formal definition of large-calibre artillery used by the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms (UNROCA) is "guns, howitzers, artillery pieces, combining the characteristics of a gun, howitzer, mortar, or rocket, capable of engaging surface targets by delivering primarily indirect fire, with a calibre of and above". History of cannons and large-calibre artillery are cannon.

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LAV-25

The LAV-25 (Light Armored Vehicle) is a member of the LAV II family.

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Lý dynasty

The Lý dynasty (Nhà Lý,, chữ Nôm: 茹李, chữ Hán: 朝李, Vietnamese: triều Lý), officially Great Cồ Việt (Đại Cồ Việt; chữ Hán: 大瞿越) from 1009 to 1054 and Great Việt (Đại Việt; chữ Hán: 大越) from 1054 to 1225, was a Vietnamese dynasty that existed from 1009 to 1225.

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Limbers and caissons

A limber is a two-wheeled cart designed to support the trail of an artillery piece, or the stock of a field carriage such as a caisson or traveling forge, allowing it to be towed.

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Line (formation)

The line formation is a standard tactical formation which was used in early modern warfare.

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Lockheed AC-130

The Lockheed AC-130 gunship is a heavily armed, long-endurance, ground-attack variant of the C-130 Hercules transport, fixed-wing aircraft.

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Lockheed C-5 Galaxy

The Lockheed C-5 Galaxy is a large military transport aircraft designed and built by Lockheed, and now maintained and upgraded by its successor, Lockheed Martin.

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Long gun

A long gun is a category of firearms with long barrels.

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Long Range Land Attack Projectile

The Long Range Land Attack Projectile (LRLAP) is a canceled precision guided naval artillery shell for the U.S. Navy's Advanced Gun System (AGS).

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M198 howitzer

The M198 is a medium-sized, towed 155 mm artillery piece, developed for service with the United States Army and Marine Corps.

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M2 Bradley

The M2 Bradley, or Bradley IFV, is an American infantry fighting vehicle that is a member of the Bradley Fighting Vehicle family.

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M242 Bushmaster

The M242 Bushmaster chain gun is a 25 mm (25×137mm) single-barrel chain-driven autocannon.

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M777 howitzer

The M777 howitzer is a British towed 155 mm artillery piece in the howitzer class.

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Madrid

Madrid is the capital and most populous city of Spain.

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Malacca Sultanate

The Malacca Sultanate (Kesultanan Melaka; Jawi script: کسلطانن ملاک) was a Malay sultanate based in the modern-day state of Malacca, Malaysia.

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Mamluk

Mamluk or Mamaluk (mamlūk (singular), مماليك, mamālīk (plural); translated as "one who is owned", meaning "slave") were non-Arab, ethnically diverse (mostly Turkic, Caucasian, Eastern and Southeastern European) enslaved mercenaries, slave-soldiers, and freed slaves who were assigned high-ranking military and administrative duties, serving the ruling Arab and Ottoman dynasties in the Muslim world.

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Mamluk Sultanate

The Mamluk Sultanate (translit), also known as Mamluk Egypt or the Mamluk Empire, was a state that ruled Egypt, the Levant and the Hejaz from the mid-13th to early 16th centuries.

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Marinid Sultanate

The Marinid Sultanate was a Berber Muslim empire from the mid-13th to the 15th century which controlled present-day Morocco and, intermittently, other parts of North Africa (Algeria and Tunisia) and of the southern Iberian Peninsula (Spain) around Gibraltar.

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Mary Ann Liebert

Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. is a privately held independent publishing company founded by its president, Mary Ann Liebert, in 1980.

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Mass production

Mass production, also known as flow production, series production, series manufacture, or continuous production, is the production of substantial amounts of standardized products in a constant flow, including and especially on assembly lines.

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Matchlock

A matchlock or firelock is a historical type of firearm wherein the gunpowder is ignited by a burning piece of flammable cord or twine that is in contact with the gunpowder through a mechanism that the musketeer activates by pulling a lever or trigger with their finger.

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Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania

Mechanicsburg is a borough in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, United States.

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Mehmed II

Mehmed II (translit; II.,; 30 March 14323 May 1481), commonly known as Mehmed the Conqueror (lit; Fâtih Sultan Mehmed), was twice the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from August 1444 to September 1446 and then later from February 1451 to May 1481.

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Merlon

A merlon is the solid upright section of a battlement (a crenellated parapet) in medieval architecture or fortifications.

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MG FF cannon

The MG FF was a drum-fed, blowback-operated, 20 mm aircraft autocannon, developed in 1936 by Ikaria Werke Berlin of Germany.

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Middle Ages

In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period (also spelt mediaeval or mediæval) lasted from approximately 500 to 1500 AD.

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Ming dynasty

The Ming dynasty, officially the Great Ming, was an imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty.

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Ming–Mong Mao War (1386–1388)

The Ming–Mong Mao War was a military conflict waged between the Ming dynasty and the previously subordinate Shan state of Mong Mao based in Luchuan-Pingmian, which encompasses modern Longchuan, Ruili, and the Gaoligong Mountains.

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MIT Press

The MIT Press is a university press affiliated with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

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Mongol invasion of Java

The Yuan dynasty under Kublai Khan attempted in 1293 to invade Java, an island in modern Indonesia, with 20,000 to 30,000 soldiers.

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Mongol invasions of Japan

Major military efforts were taken by Kublai Khan of the Yuan dynasty in 1274 and 1281 to conquer the Japanese archipelago after the submission of the Korean kingdom of Goryeo to vassaldom.

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Mongols

The Mongols are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia, China (majority in Inner Mongolia), as well as Buryatia and Kalmykia of Russia.

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Mortar (weapon)

A mortar today is usually a simple, lightweight, man-portable, muzzle-loaded cannon, consisting of a smooth-bore (although some models use a rifled barrel) metal tube fixed to a base plate (to spread out the recoil) with a lightweight bipod mount and a sight.

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Muslim world

The terms Muslim world and Islamic world commonly refer to the Islamic community, which is also known as the Ummah.

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Nanban trade

or the was a period in the history of Japan from the arrival of Europeans in 1543 to the first Sakoku Seclusion Edicts of isolationism in 1614.

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Nanchang

Nanchang is the capital of Jiangxi Province, China.

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Nanning

Nanning is the capital and largest city by population of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in Southern China.

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Napoleon

Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led a series of successful campaigns across Europe during the Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars from 1796 to 1815.

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NATO

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO; Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, OTAN), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance of 32 member states—30 European and 2 North American.

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Nayan (Mongol prince)

Nayan was a prince of the Borjigin royal family of the Mongol Empire.

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Niccolò Machiavelli

Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli (3 May 1469 – 21 June 1527) was a Florentine diplomat, author, philosopher, and historian who lived during the Italian Renaissance.

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Oerlikon 20 mm cannon

The Oerlikon 20 mm cannon is a series of autocannons based on an original German Becker Type M2 20 mm cannon design that appeared very early in World War I. It was widely produced by Oerlikon Contraves and others, with various models employed by both Allied and Axis forces during World War II.

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Office of Public Sector Information

The Office of Public Sector Information (OPSI) is the body responsible for the operation of His Majesty's Stationery Office (HMSO) and of other public information services of the United Kingdom.

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Oirats

Oirats (Ойрад, Oirad) or Oirds (Ойрд, Oird; Өөрд; 瓦剌, Wǎlà/Wǎlā), also formerly Eluts and Eleuths (厄魯特, Èlǔtè), are the westernmost group of the Mongols whose ancestral home is in the Altai region of Siberia, Xinjiang and western Mongolia.

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Opus Majus

The (Latin for "Greater Work") is the most important work of Roger Bacon.

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Orban

Orban, also known as Urban (Orbán; died 1453), was an iron founder and engineer from Brassó, Transylvania, in the Kingdom of Hungary (today Brașov, Romania), who cast large-calibre artillery for the Ottoman siege of Constantinople in 1453.

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Ordnance QF 17-pounder

The Ordnance Quick-Firing 17-pounder (or just 17-pdr)Under the British standard ordnance weights and measurements the gun's approximate projectile weight is used to denote different guns of the same calibre.

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Ordnance QF 2-pounder

The Ordnance QF 2-pounder (QF denoting "quick firing"), or simply "2 pounder gun", was a British anti-tank gun and vehicle-mounted gun employed in the Second World War.

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Ordnance QF 6-pounder

The Ordnance Quick-Firing 6-pounder 7 cwt,British forces traditionally denoted smaller ordnance by the weight of its standard projectile, in this case approximately.

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Osprey Publishing

Osprey Publishing is a British publishing company specializing in military history based in Oxford.

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Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.

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Ottoman Turks

The Ottoman Turks (Osmanlı Türkleri) were a Turkic ethnic group.

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Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.

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Panther tank

The Panther tank, officially Panzerkampfwagen V Panther (abbreviated PzKpfw V) with ordnance inventory designation: Sd.Kfz. 171, is a German medium tank of World War II.

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Panzer III

The Panzerkampfwagen III, commonly known as the Panzer III, was a medium tank developed in the 1930s by Germany, and was used extensively in World War II.

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Panzer IV

The Panzerkampfwagen IV (Pz.Kpfw. IV), commonly known as the Panzer IV, is a German medium tank developed in the late 1930s and used extensively during the Second World War.

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Paris Gun

The Paris Gun (Paris-Geschütz / Pariser Kanone) was the name given to a type of German long-range siege gun, several of which were used to bombard Paris during World War I. They were in service from March to August 1918.

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Paul Barras

Paul François Jean Nicolas, Vicomte de Barras (30 June 1755 – 29 January 1829), commonly known as Paul Barras, was a French politician of the French Revolution, and the main executive leader of the Directory regime of 1795–1799.

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Penguin Books

Penguin Books Limited is a British publishing house.

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Petrarch

Francis Petrarch (20 July 1304 – 19 July 1374; Franciscus Petrarcha; modern Francesco Petrarca), born Francesco di Petracco, was a scholar from Arezzo and poet of the early Italian Renaissance and one of the earliest humanists.

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Pike and shot

Pike and shot was a historical infantry tactical formation that first appeared during the late 15th and early 16th centuries, and was used until the development of the bayonet in the late 17th century.

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Po Binasuor

Po Binasuor (died 1390), Ngo-ta Ngo-che, Cei Bunga, Chế Bồng Nga (chữ Hán: 制蓬峩, Bunga is the Malay word for 'flower', and "Chế" is the Vietnamese transliteration of Cei, a Cham word that means "uncle" - and was, in the days of Champa, frequently used to refer to generals) ruled Champa from 1360–1390 CE.

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Portuguese people

The Portuguese people (– masculine – or Portuguesas) are a Romance-speaking ethnic group and nation indigenous to Portugal, a country in the west of the Iberian Peninsula in the south-west of Europe, who share a common culture, ancestry and language.

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Prince George, Duke of Cambridge

Prince George, Duke of Cambridge (George William Frederick Charles; 26 March 1819 – 17 March 1904) was a member of the British royal family, a grandson of King George III and cousin of Queen Victoria.

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Projectile

A projectile is an object that is propelled by the application of an external force and then moves freely under the influence of gravity and air resistance.

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Propellant

A propellant (or propellent) is a mass that is expelled or expanded in such a way as to create a thrust or another motive force in accordance with Newton's third law of motion, and "propel" a vehicle, projectile, or fluid payload.

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Propeller

A propeller (colloquially often called a screw if on a ship or an airscrew if on an aircraft) is a device with a rotating hub and radiating blades that are set at a pitch to form a helical spiral which, when rotated, exerts linear thrust upon a working fluid such as water or air.

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Proximity fuze

A proximity fuze (also VT fuze) is a fuze that detonates an explosive device automatically when it approaches within a certain distance of its target.

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Prussia

Prussia (Preußen; Old Prussian: Prūsa or Prūsija) was a German state located on most of the North European Plain, also occupying southern and eastern regions.

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Quadrant (instrument)

A quadrant is an instrument used to measure angles up to 90°.

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Queen Victoria

Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death in 1901.

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Random House

Random House is an imprint and publishing group of Penguin Random House.

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RARDEN

The L21A1 RARDEN ("Royal Armament, Research and Development Establishment" and "Enfield") is a British 30 mm autocannon used as a combat vehicle weapon.

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Recoil

Recoil (often called knockback, kickback or simply kick) is the rearward thrust generated when a gun is being discharged.

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Red Turban Rebellions

The Red Turban Rebellions were uprisings against the Yuan dynasty between 1351 and 1368, eventually leading to its collapse.

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Redoubt

A redoubt (historically redout) is a fort or fort system usually consisting of an enclosed defensive emplacement outside a larger fort, usually relying on earthworks, although some are constructed of stone or brick.

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Ribauldequin

A ribauldequin, also known as a rabauld, randy, ribault, ribaudkin, infernal machine or organ gun, was a late medieval volley gun with many small-caliber iron barrels set up parallel on a platform, in use in medieval and early modern Europe during the Renaissance period.

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Ricochet

A ricochet is a rebound, bounce, or skip off a surface, particularly in the case of a projectile.

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Rifling

Rifling is the term for helical grooves machined into the internal surface of a firearms's barrel for imparting a spin to a projectile to improve its aerodynamic stability and accuracy.

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Rochester, New York

Rochester is a city in the U.S. state of New York and the county seat of Monroe County.

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Roger Bacon

Roger Bacon (Rogerus or Rogerius Baconus, Baconis, also Rogerus), also known by the scholastic accolade Doctor Mirabilis, was a medieval English philosopher and Franciscan friar who placed considerable emphasis on the study of nature through empiricism.

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Round shot

A round shot (also called solid shot or simply ball) is a solid spherical projectile without explosive charge, launched from a gun.

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Routledge

Routledge is a British multinational publisher.

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Royal Navy

The Royal Navy (RN) is the naval warfare force of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies, and a component of His Majesty's Naval Service.

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Sabot (firearms)

A sabot is a supportive device used in firearm/artillery ammunitions to fit/patch around a projectile, such as a bullet/slug or a flechette-like projectile (such as a kinetic energy penetrator), and keep it aligned in the center of the barrel when fired.

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Sapping

Sapping is a term used in siege operations to describe the digging of a covered trench (a "sap") to approach a besieged place without danger from the enemy's fire.

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Sébastien Le Prestre, Marquis of Vauban

Sébastien Le Prestre, seigneur de Vauban, later styling himself as the marquis de Vauban (baptised 15 May 163330 March 1707), commonly referred to as Vauban, was a French military engineer and Marshal of France who worked under Louis XIV.

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Shell (projectile)

A shell, in a military context, is a projectile whose payload contains an explosive, incendiary, or other chemical filling.

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Ship of the line

A ship of the line was a type of naval warship constructed during the Age of Sail from the 17th century to the mid-19th century.

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Sichuan

Sichuan is a province in Southwestern China occupying the Sichuan Basin and Tibetan Plateau between the Jinsha River on the west, the Daba Mountains in the north and the Yungui Plateau to the south.

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Siege engine

A siege engine is a device that is designed to break or circumvent heavy castle doors, thick city walls and other fortifications in siege warfare.

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Siege of Calais (1346–1347)

The siege of Calais (4 September 1346 – 3 August 1347) occurred at the conclusion of the Crécy campaign, when an English army under the command of King Edward III of England successfully besieged the French town of Calais during the Edwardian phase of the Hundred Years' War.

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Siege of Kazan

The siege of Kazan in 1552 was the final battle of the Russo-Kazan Wars and led to the fall of the Khanate of Kazan.

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Siege tower

A Roman siege tower or breaching tower (or in the Middle Ages, a belfryCastle: Stephen Biesty's Cross-Sections. Dorling Kindersley Pub (T); 1st American edition (September 1994). Siege towers were invented in 300 BC.) is a specialized siege engine, constructed to protect assailants and ladders while approaching the defensive walls of a fortification.

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Sight (device)

A sight or sighting device is any device used to assist in precise visual alignment (i.e. aiming) of weapons, surveying instruments, aircraft equipment, optical illumination equipment or larger optical instruments with the intended target.

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Signoria

A signoria was the governing authority in many of the Italian city-states during the Medieval and Renaissance periods.

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Sijilmasa

Sijilmasa (سجلماسة; also transliterated Sijilmassa, Sidjilmasa, Sidjilmassa and Sigilmassa) was a medieval Moroccan city and trade entrepôt at the northern edge of the Sahara in Morocco.

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Simon & Schuster

Simon & Schuster LLC is an American publishing company owned by Kohlberg Kravis Roberts.

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Small arms and light weapons

Small arms and light weapons (SALW) refers in arms control protocols to two main classes of man-portable weapons.

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Smithsonian Institution

The Smithsonian Institution, or simply the Smithsonian, is a group of museums, education and research centers, the largest such complex in the world, created by the U.S. government "for the increase and diffusion of knowledge." Founded on August 10, 1846, it operates as a trust instrumentality and is not formally a part of any of the three branches of the federal government.

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Smoothbore

A smoothbore weapon is one that has a barrel without rifling.

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Song–Đại Việt war

The Song–Đại Việt war, also known as the Lý-Song War, was a military conflict between the Lý dynasty of Đại Việt and the Song dynasty of China between 1075 and 1077.

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Southampton

Southampton is a port city in Hampshire, England.

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St. Martin's Press

St.

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T-34

The T-34 is a Soviet medium tank from World War II.

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Taiheiki

The (Chronicle of Great Peace) is a Japanese historical epic (see gunki monogatari) written in the late 14th century and covers the period from 1319 to 1367.

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Tank gun

A tank gun is the main armament of a tank.

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The Art of War (Machiavelli book)

The Art of War (Dell'arte della guerra) is a treatise by the Italian Renaissance political philosopher and historian Niccolò Machiavelli.

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The Times

The Times is a British daily national newspaper based in London.

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Thomas Y. Crowell Co.

Thomas Y. Crowell Co. was a publishing company founded by Thomas Y. Crowell.

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Ton

Ton is any of several units of measure of mass, volume or force.

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Tonio Andrade

Tonio Adam Andrade (born 1968) is an American military historian and sinologist.

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Tonne

The tonne (or; symbol: t) is a unit of mass equal to 1,000 kilograms.

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Tower

A tower is a tall structure, taller than it is wide, often by a significant factor.

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Toyotomi Hideyoshi

, otherwise known as and, was a Japanese samurai and daimyō (feudal lord) of the late Sengoku and Azuchi-Momoyama periods and regarded as the second "Great Unifier" of Japan.

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Trebuchet

A trebuchet (trébuchet) is a type of catapult that uses a rotating arm with a sling attached to the tip to launch a projectile.

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Trench warfare

Trench warfare is a type of land warfare using occupied lines largely comprising military trenches, in which combatants are well-protected from the enemy's small arms fire and are substantially sheltered from artillery.

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Trevithick Society

The Trevithick Society is a registered charity named for Richard Trevithick, a Cornish engineer who contributed to the use of high pressure steam engines for transportation and mining applications.

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Trunnion

A trunnion is a cylindrical protrusion used as a mounting or pivoting point.

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Tula River

The Tula River (Río Tula) is a river in Hidalgo State in central Mexico, and a tributary of the Moctezuma River.

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United States Armed Forces

The United States Armed Forces are the military forces of the United States.

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United States Army

The United States Army (USA) is the land service branch of the United States Armed Forces.

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United States Government Publishing Office

The United States Government Publishing Office (USGPO or GPO), formerly the United States Government Printing Office, is an agency of the legislative branch of the United States Federal government.

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University of Illinois Press

The University of Illinois Press (UIP) is an American university press and is part of the University of Illinois system.

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University of Nebraska Press

The University of Nebraska Press (UNP) was founded in 1941 and is an academic publisher of scholarly and general-interest books.

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University of South Carolina Press

The University of South Carolina Press is an academic publisher associated with the University of South Carolina.

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V-1 flying bomb

The V-1 flying bomb (Vergeltungswaffe 1 "Vengeance Weapon 1") was an early cruise missile.

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Vendémiaire

Vendémiaire was the first month in the French Republican calendar.

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W. W. Norton & Company

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Walls of Constantinople

The Walls of Constantinople (Konstantinopolis Surları; Τείχη της Κωνσταντινουπόλης) are a series of defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (today Istanbul in Turkey) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Constantine the Great.

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Walter de Milemete

Walter de Milemete was an English scholar who in his early twenties was commissioned by Queen Isabella of France to write a treatise on kingship for her son, the young prince Edward, later king Edward III of England called De nobilitatibus, sapientiis, et prudentiis regum in 1326.

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Webster's Dictionary

Webster's Dictionary is any of the English language dictionaries edited in the early 19th century by Noah Webster (1758–1843), an American lexicographer, as well as numerous related or unrelated dictionaries that have adopted the Webster's name in his honor.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_cannons

Also known as History of cannon.

, Chen Youliang, China, Circular error probable, Constantinople, Crossbow bolt, Cruise missile, Cuirassier, Culverin, Da Capo Press, Dardanelles Gun, Dardanelles operation, Dazu Rock Carvings, Demi-culverin, Device Forts, Direct fire, DK (publisher), Doubleday (publisher), Edirne, Emirate of Granada, Enfilade and defilade, Erwin Rommel, Eurasia, European Theater of Operations, United States Army, Falconet (cannon), Fall of Constantinople, Field artillery, Field gun, Fighter aircraft, Fire arrow, Fire lance, First Opium War, Flanking maneuver, Florence, François-René de Chateaubriand, French Directory, French Revolution, Gansu, Gatling gun, GAU-8 Avenger, Generalmajor, Geological Society of America, Giovanni Villani, Grapeshot, Greenwood Publishing Group, Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-6-30, Gun carriage, Gunpowder, Gustavus Adolphus, Gyroscope, Harvard University, Hōjō Ujitsuna, Heilongjiang hand cannon, Helicopter, Henry II of France, Henry IV, Part 1, Hispano-Suiza HS.404, History of Yuan, House of Tudor, Howitzer, Hu dun pao, Hundred Years' War, Hungary, Huolongjing, Hwacha, Ibn Khaldun, Indirect fire, Infantry fighting vehicle, Infantry square, International Committee for the History of Technology, Ironclad warship, Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598), Joachim Murat, Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly, Johns Hopkins University Press, Joseon, Joseph Needham, Joseph Whitworth, Kamikaze, Kenthurst, Khmer Empire, Kievan Rus', Kingdom of France, Korea, Korean War, Lam Sơn uprising, Lancer, Large-calibre artillery, LAV-25, Lý dynasty, Limbers and caissons, Line (formation), Lockheed AC-130, Lockheed C-5 Galaxy, Long gun, Long Range Land Attack Projectile, M198 howitzer, M2 Bradley, M242 Bushmaster, M777 howitzer, Madrid, Malacca Sultanate, Mamluk, Mamluk Sultanate, Marinid Sultanate, Mary Ann Liebert, Mass production, Matchlock, Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania, Mehmed II, Merlon, MG FF cannon, Middle Ages, Ming dynasty, Ming–Mong Mao War (1386–1388), MIT Press, Mongol invasion of Java, Mongol invasions of Japan, Mongols, Mortar (weapon), Muslim world, Nanban trade, Nanchang, Nanning, Napoleon, NATO, Nayan (Mongol prince), Niccolò Machiavelli, Oerlikon 20 mm cannon, Office of Public Sector Information, Oirats, Opus Majus, Orban, Ordnance QF 17-pounder, Ordnance QF 2-pounder, Ordnance QF 6-pounder, Osprey Publishing, Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Turks, Oxford University Press, Panther tank, Panzer III, Panzer IV, Paris Gun, Paul Barras, Penguin Books, Petrarch, Pike and shot, Po Binasuor, Portuguese people, Prince George, Duke of Cambridge, Projectile, Propellant, Propeller, Proximity fuze, Prussia, Quadrant (instrument), Queen Victoria, Random House, RARDEN, Recoil, Red Turban Rebellions, Redoubt, Ribauldequin, Ricochet, Rifling, Rochester, New York, Roger Bacon, Round shot, Routledge, Royal Navy, Sabot (firearms), Sapping, Sébastien Le Prestre, Marquis of Vauban, Shell (projectile), Ship of the line, Sichuan, Siege engine, Siege of Calais (1346–1347), Siege of Kazan, Siege tower, Sight (device), Signoria, Sijilmasa, Simon & Schuster, Small arms and light weapons, Smithsonian Institution, Smoothbore, Song–Đại Việt war, Southampton, St. Martin's Press, T-34, Taiheiki, Tank gun, The Art of War (Machiavelli book), The Times, Thomas Y. Crowell Co., Ton, Tonio Andrade, Tonne, Tower, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Trebuchet, Trench warfare, Trevithick Society, Trunnion, Tula River, United States Armed Forces, United States Army, United States Government Publishing Office, University of Illinois Press, University of Nebraska Press, University of South Carolina Press, V-1 flying bomb, Vendémiaire, W. W. Norton & Company, Walls of Constantinople, Walter de Milemete, Webster's Dictionary, Wehrmacht, Western Xia, Wikisource, William Armstrong, 1st Baron Armstrong, William Shakespeare, World War I, World War II, Wuwei Bronze Cannon, Wuwei, Gansu, Xanadu Gun, Yuan dynasty, 13 Vendémiaire, 25 mm caliber, 8.8 cm Pak 43.

History of cannons, the Glossary

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