Human pathogen, the Glossary
A human pathogen is a pathogen (microbe or microorganism such as a virus, bacterium, prion, or fungus) that causes disease in humans.[1]
Table of Contents
121 relations: Acanthamoeba keratitis, Adenoviridae, African trypanosomiasis, Alphavirus, Amoebiasis, Anthrax, Antibiotic, Ascariasis, Azole, Babesiosis, Bacillus anthracis, Bacteria, Bartonella, Black Death, Botulism, Bovine spongiform encephalopathy, Bubonic plague, Campylobacter, Capsid, Carcinogenic bacteria, Chagas disease, Chemotherapy, Chickenpox, Clostridium botulinum, Coronaviridae, Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, Cryptosporidiosis, Developed country, Developing country, Diphtheria, Disease, DNA, Drinking water, Ebola, Emerging Pathogens Institute, Endocytosis, Endoplasmic reticulum, Entamoeba histolytica, Epidemic typhus, Evolutionary medicine, Extracellular matrix, Fatal insomnia, Feline spongiform encephalopathy, Flaviviridae, Food safety, Foodborne illness, Fungicide, Fungus, Giardiasis, Golgi apparatus, ... Expand index (71 more) »
Acanthamoeba keratitis
Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is a rare disease in which amoebae of the genus Acanthamoeba invade the clear portion of the front (cornea) of the eye.
See Human pathogen and Acanthamoeba keratitis
Adenoviridae
Adenoviruses (members of the family Adenoviridae) are medium-sized (90–100 nm), nonenveloped (without an outer lipid bilayer) viruses with an icosahedral nucleocapsid containing a double-stranded DNA genome.
See Human pathogen and Adenoviridae
African trypanosomiasis
African trypanosomiasis is an insect-borne parasitic infection of humans and other animals.
See Human pathogen and African trypanosomiasis
Alphavirus
Alphavirus is a genus of RNA viruses, the sole genus in the Togaviridae family.
See Human pathogen and Alphavirus
Amoebiasis
Amoebiasis, or amoebic dysentery, is an infection of the intestines caused by a parasitic amoeba Entamoeba histolytica.
See Human pathogen and Amoebiasis
Anthrax
Anthrax is an infection caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis.
See Human pathogen and Anthrax
Antibiotic
An antibiotic is a type of antimicrobial substance active against bacteria.
See Human pathogen and Antibiotic
Ascariasis
Ascariasis is a disease caused by the parasitic roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides.
See Human pathogen and Ascariasis
Azole
Azoles are a class of five-membered heterocyclic compounds containing a nitrogen atom and at least one other non-carbon atom (i.e. nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen) as part of the ring.
Babesiosis
Babesiosis or piroplasmosis is a malaria-like parasitic disease caused by infection with a eukaryotic parasite in the order Piroplasmida, typically a Babesia or Theileria, in the phylum Apicomplexa.
See Human pathogen and Babesiosis
Bacillus anthracis
Bacillus anthracis is a gram-positive and rod-shaped bacterium that causes anthrax, a deadly disease to livestock and, occasionally, to humans.
See Human pathogen and Bacillus anthracis
Bacteria
Bacteria (bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell.
See Human pathogen and Bacteria
Bartonella
Bartonella is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria.
See Human pathogen and Bartonella
Black Death
The Black Death was a bubonic plague pandemic occurring in Europe from 1346 to 1353.
See Human pathogen and Black Death
Botulism
Botulism is a rare and potentially fatal illness caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum.
See Human pathogen and Botulism
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), commonly known as mad cow disease, is an incurable and invariably fatal neurodegenerative disease of cattle.
See Human pathogen and Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
Bubonic plague
Bubonic plague is one of three types of plague caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis.
See Human pathogen and Bubonic plague
Campylobacter
Campylobacter is a type of bacteria that can cause a diarrheal disease in people.
See Human pathogen and Campylobacter
Capsid
A capsid is the protein shell of a virus, enclosing its genetic material.
Carcinogenic bacteria
Cancer bacteria are bacteria infectious organisms that are known or suspected to cause cancer.
See Human pathogen and Carcinogenic bacteria
Chagas disease
Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a tropical parasitic disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi.
See Human pathogen and Chagas disease
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy (often abbreviated chemo, sometimes CTX and CTx) is the type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents or alkylating agents) in a standard regimen.
See Human pathogen and Chemotherapy
Chickenpox
Chickenpox, also known as varicella, is a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable disease caused by the initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV), a member of the herpesvirus family.
See Human pathogen and Chickenpox
Clostridium botulinum
Clostridium botulinum is a gram-positive, rod-shaped, anaerobic, spore-forming, motile bacterium with the ability to produce botulinum toxin, which is a neurotoxin.
See Human pathogen and Clostridium botulinum
Coronaviridae
Coronaviridae is a family of enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses which infect amphibians, birds, and mammals.
See Human pathogen and Coronaviridae
Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease
Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD), also known as subacute spongiform encephalopathy or neurocognitive disorder due to prion disease, is a fatal neurodegenerative disease.
See Human pathogen and Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease
Cryptosporidiosis
Cryptosporidiosis, sometimes informally called crypto, is a parasitic disease caused by Cryptosporidium, a genus of protozoan parasites in the phylum Apicomplexa.
See Human pathogen and Cryptosporidiosis
Developed country
A developed country, or advanced country, is a sovereign state that has a high quality of life, developed economy, and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations.
See Human pathogen and Developed country
Developing country
A developing country is a sovereign state with a less developed industrial base and a lower Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries.
See Human pathogen and Developing country
Diphtheria
Diphtheria is an infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
See Human pathogen and Diphtheria
Disease
A disease is a particular abnormal condition that adversely affects the structure or function of all or part of an organism and is not immediately due to any external injury.
See Human pathogen and Disease
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix.
Drinking water
Drinking water or potable water is water that is safe for ingestion, either when drunk directly in liquid form or consumed indirectly through food preparation.
See Human pathogen and Drinking water
Ebola
Ebola, also known as Ebola virus disease (EVD) and Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF), is a viral hemorrhagic fever in humans and other primates, caused by ebolaviruses.
Emerging Pathogens Institute
The Emerging Pathogens Institute (EPI) is an interdisciplinary research institution associated with the University of Florida.
See Human pathogen and Emerging Pathogens Institute
Endocytosis
Endocytosis is a cellular process in which substances are brought into the cell.
See Human pathogen and Endocytosis
Endoplasmic reticulum
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a part of a transportation system of the eukaryotic cell, and has many other important functions such as protein folding.
See Human pathogen and Endoplasmic reticulum
Entamoeba histolytica
Entamoeba histolytica is an anaerobic parasitic amoebozoan, part of the genus Entamoeba.
See Human pathogen and Entamoeba histolytica
Epidemic typhus
Epidemic typhus, also known as louse-borne typhus, is a form of typhus so named because the disease often causes epidemics following wars and natural disasters where civil life is disrupted.
See Human pathogen and Epidemic typhus
Evolutionary medicine
Evolutionary medicine or Darwinian medicine is the application of modern evolutionary theory to understanding health and disease.
See Human pathogen and Evolutionary medicine
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM), also called intercellular matrix (ICM), is a network consisting of extracellular macromolecules and minerals, such as collagen, enzymes, glycoproteins and hydroxyapatite that provide structural and biochemical support to surrounding cells.
See Human pathogen and Extracellular matrix
Fatal insomnia
Fatal insomnia is an extremely rare neurodegenerative prion disease that results in trouble sleeping as its hallmark symptom.
See Human pathogen and Fatal insomnia
Feline spongiform encephalopathy
Feline spongiform encephalopathy (FSE) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects the brains of felines.
See Human pathogen and Feline spongiform encephalopathy
Flaviviridae
Flaviviridae is a family of enveloped positive-strand RNA viruses which mainly infect mammals and birds.
See Human pathogen and Flaviviridae
Food safety
Food safety (or food hygiene) is used as a scientific method/discipline describing handling, preparation, and storage of food in ways that prevent foodborne illness.
See Human pathogen and Food safety
Foodborne illness
Foodborne illness (also known as foodborne disease and food poisoning) is any illness resulting from the contamination of food by pathogenic bacteria, viruses, or parasites, as well as prions (the agents of mad cow disease), and toxins such as aflatoxins in peanuts, poisonous mushrooms, and various species of beans that have not been boiled for at least 10 minutes.
See Human pathogen and Foodborne illness
Fungicide
Fungicides are pesticides used to kill parasitic fungi or their spores.
See Human pathogen and Fungicide
Fungus
A fungus (fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms.
Giardiasis
Giardiasis is a parasitic disease caused by Giardia duodenalis (also known as G. lamblia and G. intestinalis).
See Human pathogen and Giardiasis
Golgi apparatus
The Golgi apparatus, also known as the Golgi complex, Golgi body, or simply the Golgi, is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells.
See Human pathogen and Golgi apparatus
Helminthiasis
Helminthiasis, also known as worm infection, is any macroparasitic disease of humans and other animals in which a part of the body is infected with parasitic worms, known as helminths.
See Human pathogen and Helminthiasis
Hepadnaviridae
Hepadnaviridae is a family of viruses.
See Human pathogen and Hepadnaviridae
Herpesviridae
Herpesviridae is a large family of DNA viruses that cause infections and certain diseases in animals, including humans.
See Human pathogen and Herpesviridae
HIV
The human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) are two species of Lentivirus (a subgroup of retrovirus) that infect humans.
Horizontal transmission
Horizontal transmission is the transmission of organisms between biotic and/or abiotic members of an ecosystem that are not in a parent-progeny relationship.
See Human pathogen and Horizontal transmission
Human
Humans (Homo sapiens, meaning "thinking man") or modern humans are the most common and widespread species of primate, and the last surviving species of the genus Homo.
Human microbiome
The human microbiome is the aggregate of all microbiota that reside on or within human tissues and biofluids along with the corresponding anatomical sites in which they reside, including the gastrointestinal tract, skin, mammary glands, seminal fluid, uterus, ovarian follicles, lung, saliva, oral mucosa, conjunctiva, and the biliary tract. Human pathogen and human microbiome are Microbiology.
See Human pathogen and Human microbiome
Hygiene
Hygiene is a set of practices performed to preserve health.
See Human pathogen and Hygiene
Immune system
The immune system is a network of biological systems that protects an organism from diseases.
See Human pathogen and Immune system
Infection
An infection is the invasion of tissues by pathogens, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agent and the toxins they produce.
See Human pathogen and Infection
Influenza
Influenza, commonly known as "the flu" or just "flu", is an infectious disease caused by influenza viruses.
See Human pathogen and Influenza
Leishmaniasis
Leishmaniasis is a wide array of clinical manifestations caused by protozoal parasites of the Trypanosomatida genus Leishmania.
See Human pathogen and Leishmaniasis
Leprosy
Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease (HD), is a long-term infection by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae or Mycobacterium lepromatosis.
See Human pathogen and Leprosy
Lipid bilayer
The lipid bilayer (or phospholipid bilayer) is a thin polar membrane made of two layers of lipid molecules.
See Human pathogen and Lipid bilayer
List of clinically important bacteria
This is a list of bacteria that are significant in medicine.
See Human pathogen and List of clinically important bacteria
List of infectious diseases
This is a list of infectious diseases arranged by name, along with the infectious agents that cause them, the vaccines that can prevent or cure them when they exist and their current status.
See Human pathogen and List of infectious diseases
List of parasites of humans
* Parasites * parasites of humans.
See Human pathogen and List of parasites of humans
Lists of diseases
A medical condition is a broad term that includes all diseases and disorders.
See Human pathogen and Lists of diseases
Malaria
Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects vertebrates.
See Human pathogen and Malaria
Measles
Measles is a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable infectious disease caused by measles virus.
See Human pathogen and Measles
Microorganism
A microorganism, or microbe, is an organism of microscopic size, which may exist in its single-celled form or as a colony of cells. The possible existence of unseen microbial life was suspected from ancient times, such as in Jain scriptures from sixth century BC India. The scientific study of microorganisms began with their observation under the microscope in the 1670s by Anton van Leeuwenhoek.
See Human pathogen and Microorganism
Mumps
Mumps is a highly contagious viral disease caused by the mumps virus.
Mycobacterium leprae
Mycobacterium leprae (also known as the leprosy bacillus or Hansen's bacillus) is one of the two species of bacteria that cause Hansen's disease (leprosy), a chronic but curable infectious disease that damages the peripheral nerves and targets the skin, eyes, nose, and muscles.
See Human pathogen and Mycobacterium leprae
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), also known as Koch's bacillus, is a species of pathogenic bacteria in the family Mycobacteriaceae and the causative agent of tuberculosis.
See Human pathogen and Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Naegleriasis
Naegleriasis, also known as primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), is an almost invariably fatal infection of the brain by the free-living unicellular eukaryote Naegleria fowleri.
See Human pathogen and Naegleriasis
Neurotoxin
Neurotoxins are toxins that are destructive to nerve tissue (causing neurotoxicity).
See Human pathogen and Neurotoxin
Oncovirus
An oncovirus or oncogenic virus is a virus that can cause cancer.
See Human pathogen and Oncovirus
Opportunistic infection
An opportunistic infection is an infection caused by pathogens (bacteria, fungi, parasites or viruses) that take advantage of an opportunity not normally available.
See Human pathogen and Opportunistic infection
Optimal virulence
Optimal virulence is a concept relating to the ecology of hosts and parasites.
See Human pathogen and Optimal virulence
Orthomyxoviridae
Orthomyxoviridae (from Greek ὀρθός, orthós 'straight' + μύξα, mýxa 'mucus') is a family of negative-sense RNA viruses.
See Human pathogen and Orthomyxoviridae
Papovaviricetes
Papovaviricetes is a class of viruses.
See Human pathogen and Papovaviricetes
Paramyxoviridae
Paramyxoviridae (from Greek para- “by the side of” and myxa “mucus”) is a family of negative-strand RNA viruses in the order Mononegavirales.
See Human pathogen and Paramyxoviridae
Pathogen
In biology, a pathogen (πάθος, "suffering", "passion" and -γενής, "producer of"), in the oldest and broadest sense, is any organism or agent that can produce disease. Human pathogen and pathogen are Microbiology.
See Human pathogen and Pathogen
Phagocytosis
Phagocytosis is the process by which a cell uses its plasma membrane to engulf a large particle (≥ 0.5 μm), giving rise to an internal compartment called the phagosome.
See Human pathogen and Phagocytosis
Picornavirus
Picornaviruses are a group of related nonenveloped RNA viruses which infect vertebrates including fish, mammals, and birds.
See Human pathogen and Picornavirus
Pinworm infection
Pinworm infection (threadworm infection in the UK), also known as enterobiasis, is a human parasitic disease caused by the pinworm, Enterobius vermicularis.
See Human pathogen and Pinworm infection
Pneumocystidomycetes
The Pneumocystidomycetes are a class of ascomycete fungi.
See Human pathogen and Pneumocystidomycetes
Pneumonia
Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung primarily affecting the small air sacs known as alveoli.
See Human pathogen and Pneumonia
Pneumonic plague
Pneumonic plague is a severe lung infection caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis.
See Human pathogen and Pneumonic plague
Polyomaviridae
Polyomaviridae is a family of viruses whose natural hosts are primarily mammals and birds.
See Human pathogen and Polyomaviridae
Poxviridae
Poxviridae is a family of double-stranded DNA viruses.
See Human pathogen and Poxviridae
Prion
A prion is a misfolded protein that can induce misfolding of normal variants of the same protein and trigger cellular death.
Pseudomonas
Pseudomonas is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the family Pseudomonadaceae in the class Gammaproteobacteria.
See Human pathogen and Pseudomonas
Retrovirus
A retrovirus is a type of virus that inserts a DNA copy of its RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell that it invades, thus changing the genome of that cell.
See Human pathogen and Retrovirus
Rhabdoviridae
Rhabdoviridae is a family of negative-strand RNA viruses in the order Mononegavirales.
See Human pathogen and Rhabdoviridae
Ribosome
Ribosomes are macromolecular machines, found within all cells, that perform biological protein synthesis (messenger RNA translation).
See Human pathogen and Ribosome
Rickettsia prowazekii
Rickettsia prowazekii is a species of gram-negative, alphaproteobacteria, obligate intracellular parasitic, aerobic bacillus bacteria that is the etiologic agent of epidemic typhus, transmitted in the feces of lice.
See Human pathogen and Rickettsia prowazekii
RNA
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule that is essential for most biological functions, either by performing the function itself (non-coding RNA) or by forming a template for the production of proteins (messenger RNA).
Salmonella
Salmonella is a genus of rod-shaped (bacillus) gram-negative bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae.
See Human pathogen and Salmonella
Sanitary sewer overflow
Sanitary sewer overflow (SSO) is a condition in which untreated sewage is discharged from a sanitary sewer into the environment prior to reaching sewage treatment facilities.
See Human pathogen and Sanitary sewer overflow
Saprotrophic nutrition
Saprotrophic nutrition or lysotrophic nutrition is a process of chemoheterotrophic extracellular digestion involved in the processing of decayed (dead or waste) organic matter.
See Human pathogen and Saprotrophic nutrition
Scrapie
Scrapie is a fatal, degenerative disease affecting the nervous systems of sheep and goats.
See Human pathogen and Scrapie
Septicemic plague
Septicemic plague is one of the three forms of plague, and is caused by Yersinia pestis, a gram-negative species of bacterium.
See Human pathogen and Septicemic plague
Shigella
Shigella is a genus of bacteria that is Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, non–spore-forming, nonmotile, rod-shaped, and is genetically nested within Escherichia.
See Human pathogen and Shigella
Smallpox
Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by variola virus (often called smallpox virus), which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus.
See Human pathogen and Smallpox
Spanish flu
The 1918–1920 flu pandemic, also known as the Great Influenza epidemic or by the common misnomer Spanish flu, was an exceptionally deadly global influenza pandemic caused by the H1N1 subtype of the influenza A virus.
See Human pathogen and Spanish flu
Streptococcus
Streptococcus is a genus of gram-positive or spherical bacteria that belongs to the family Streptococcaceae, within the order Lactobacillales (lactic acid bacteria), in the phylum Bacillota.
See Human pathogen and Streptococcus
Syphilis
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum.
See Human pathogen and Syphilis
Tetanus
Tetanus, also known as lockjaw, is a bacterial infection caused by Clostridium tetani and characterized by muscle spasms.
See Human pathogen and Tetanus
Toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an apicomplexan.
See Human pathogen and Toxoplasmosis
Trichomoniasis
Trichomoniasis (trich) is an infectious disease caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis.
See Human pathogen and Trichomoniasis
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB), also known colloquially as the "white death", or historically as consumption, is an infectious disease usually caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) bacteria.
See Human pathogen and Tuberculosis
Typhoid fever
Typhoid fever, also known simply as typhoid, is a disease caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi bacteria, also called Salmonella typhi.
See Human pathogen and Typhoid fever
Vaccination
Vaccination is the administration of a vaccine to help the immune system develop immunity from a disease.
See Human pathogen and Vaccination
Vertical transmission
Vertical transmission of symbionts is the transfer of a microbial symbiont from the parent directly to the offspring.
See Human pathogen and Vertical transmission
Viral life cycle
Viruses are only able to replicate themselves by commandeering the reproductive apparatus of cells and making them reproduce the virus's genetic structure and particles instead.
See Human pathogen and Viral life cycle
Virulence
Virulence is a pathogen's or microorganism's ability to cause damage to a host.
See Human pathogen and Virulence
Virus
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.
Water treatment
Water treatment is any process that improves the quality of water to make it appropriate for a specific end-use.
See Human pathogen and Water treatment
White blood cell
White blood cells (scientific name leukocytes), also called immune cells or immunocytes, are cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders.
See Human pathogen and White blood cell
Yersinia pestis
Yersinia pestis (Y. pestis; formerly Pasteurella pestis) is a gram-negative, non-motile, coccobacillus bacterium without spores that is related to both Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, the pathogen from which Y. pestis evolved and responsible for the Far East scarlet-like fever.
See Human pathogen and Yersinia pestis
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_pathogen
, Helminthiasis, Hepadnaviridae, Herpesviridae, HIV, Horizontal transmission, Human, Human microbiome, Hygiene, Immune system, Infection, Influenza, Leishmaniasis, Leprosy, Lipid bilayer, List of clinically important bacteria, List of infectious diseases, List of parasites of humans, Lists of diseases, Malaria, Measles, Microorganism, Mumps, Mycobacterium leprae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Naegleriasis, Neurotoxin, Oncovirus, Opportunistic infection, Optimal virulence, Orthomyxoviridae, Papovaviricetes, Paramyxoviridae, Pathogen, Phagocytosis, Picornavirus, Pinworm infection, Pneumocystidomycetes, Pneumonia, Pneumonic plague, Polyomaviridae, Poxviridae, Prion, Pseudomonas, Retrovirus, Rhabdoviridae, Ribosome, Rickettsia prowazekii, RNA, Salmonella, Sanitary sewer overflow, Saprotrophic nutrition, Scrapie, Septicemic plague, Shigella, Smallpox, Spanish flu, Streptococcus, Syphilis, Tetanus, Toxoplasmosis, Trichomoniasis, Tuberculosis, Typhoid fever, Vaccination, Vertical transmission, Viral life cycle, Virulence, Virus, Water treatment, White blood cell, Yersinia pestis.