Hydraulic analogy, the Glossary

Table of Contents

1. 107 relations: Acoustic impedance, Alternating current, Ampere, Bipolar junction transistor, Bond graph, Capacitor, Check valve, CMOS, Compressor, Current density, Current source, Dashpot, Delta Works, Deltar, Depletion region, Diode, Direct current, Drift velocity, Electric battery, Electric charge, Electric current, Electric potential, Electrical conductor, Electrical wiring, Electricity, Electrolyte, Electromagnetic field, Electron hole, Electronic component, Electronics, Energy level, Extrinsic semiconductor, Field-effect transistor, Fluid, Fluidics, Force, Gravitational potential, Hagen–Poiseuille equation, Heat, Heat current, Heat flux, High frequency, Hydraulic accumulator, Hydraulic conductivity, Hydraulic head, Hydraulic machinery, Hydraulic ram, Hydraulics, Hydron (chemistry), Incompressible flow, ... Expand index (57 more) »

2. Electrical analogies
3. Electronics concepts

Acoustic impedance

Acoustic impedance and specific acoustic impedance are measures of the opposition that a system presents to the acoustic flow resulting from an acoustic pressure applied to the system.

See Hydraulic analogy and Acoustic impedance

Alternating current

Alternating current (AC) is an electric current that periodically reverses direction and changes its magnitude continuously with time, in contrast to direct current (DC), which flows only in one direction.

See Hydraulic analogy and Alternating current

Ampere

The ampere (symbol: A), often shortened to amp,SI supports only the use of symbols and deprecates the use of abbreviations for units.

See Hydraulic analogy and Ampere

Bipolar junction transistor

A bipolar junction transistor (BJT) is a type of transistor that uses both electrons and electron holes as charge carriers.

See Hydraulic analogy and Bipolar junction transistor

Bond graph

A bond graph is a graphical representation of a physical dynamic system.

See Hydraulic analogy and Bond graph

Capacitor

In electrical engineering, a capacitor is a device that stores electrical energy by accumulating electric charges on two closely spaced surfaces that are insulated from each other.

See Hydraulic analogy and Capacitor

Check valve

A check valve, non-return valve, reflux valve, retention valve, foot valve, or one-way valve is a valve that normally allows fluid (liquid or gas) to flow through it in only one direction.

See Hydraulic analogy and Check valve

CMOS

Complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS, pronounced "sea-moss") is a type of metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) fabrication process that uses complementary and symmetrical pairs of p-type and n-type MOSFETs for logic functions.

See Hydraulic analogy and CMOS

Compressor

A compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume.

See Hydraulic analogy and Compressor

Current density

In electromagnetism, current density is the amount of charge per unit time that flows through a unit area of a chosen cross section.

See Hydraulic analogy and Current density

Current source

A current source is an electronic circuit that delivers or absorbs an electric current which is independent of the voltage across it.

See Hydraulic analogy and Current source

Dashpot

A dashpot, also known as a damper, is a mechanical device that resists motion via viscous friction.

See Hydraulic analogy and Dashpot

Delta Works

The Delta Works (Deltawerken) is a series of construction projects in the southwest of the Netherlands to protect a large area of land around the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta from the sea.

See Hydraulic analogy and Delta Works

Deltar

The Deltar (Delta Getij Analogon Rekenmachine, English: Delta Tide Analogue Calculator) was an analogue computer used in the design and execution of the Delta Works from 1960 to 1984.

See Hydraulic analogy and Deltar

Depletion region

In semiconductor physics, the depletion region, also called depletion layer, depletion zone, junction region, space charge region, or space charge layer, is an insulating region within a conductive, doped semiconductor material where the mobile charge carriers have diffused away, or forced away by an electric field.

See Hydraulic analogy and Depletion region

Diode

A diode is a two-terminal electronic component that conducts current primarily in one direction (asymmetric conductance).

See Hydraulic analogy and Diode

Direct current

Direct current (DC) is one-directional flow of electric charge.

See Hydraulic analogy and Direct current

Drift velocity

In physics, drift velocity is the average velocity attained by charged particles, such as electrons, in a material due to an electric field.

See Hydraulic analogy and Drift velocity

Electric battery

An electric battery is a source of electric power consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections for powering electrical devices.

See Hydraulic analogy and Electric battery

Electric charge

Electric charge (symbol q, sometimes Q) is the physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field.

See Hydraulic analogy and Electric charge

Electric current

An electric current is a flow of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, moving through an electrical conductor or space.

See Hydraulic analogy and Electric current

Electric potential

Electric potential (also called the electric field potential, potential drop, the electrostatic potential) is defined as the amount of work/energy needed per unit of electric charge to move the charge from a reference point to a specific point in an electric field.

See Hydraulic analogy and Electric potential

Electrical conductor

In physics and electrical engineering, a conductor is an object or type of material that allows the flow of charge (electric current) in one or more directions.

See Hydraulic analogy and Electrical conductor

Electrical wiring

Electrical wiring is an electrical installation of cabling and associated devices such as switches, distribution boards, sockets, and light fittings in a structure.

See Hydraulic analogy and Electrical wiring

Electricity

Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter possessing an electric charge.

See Hydraulic analogy and Electricity

Electrolyte

An electrolyte is a medium containing ions that are electrically conductive through the movement of those ions, but not conducting electrons.

See Hydraulic analogy and Electrolyte

Electromagnetic field

An electromagnetic field (also EM field) is a physical field, mathematical functions of position and time, representing the influences on and due to electric charges.

See Hydraulic analogy and Electromagnetic field

Electron hole

In physics, chemistry, and electronic engineering, an electron hole (often simply called a hole) is a quasiparticle denoting the lack of an electron at a position where one could exist in an atom or atomic lattice. Hydraulic analogy and electron hole are electronics concepts.

See Hydraulic analogy and Electron hole

Electronic component

An electronic component is any basic discrete electronic device or physical entity part of an electronic system used to affect electrons or their associated fields.

See Hydraulic analogy and Electronic component

Electronics

Electronics is a scientific and engineering discipline that studies and applies the principles of physics to design, create, and operate devices that manipulate electrons and other electrically charged particles.

See Hydraulic analogy and Electronics

Energy level

A quantum mechanical system or particle that is bound—that is, confined spatially—can only take on certain discrete values of energy, called energy levels.

See Hydraulic analogy and Energy level

Extrinsic semiconductor

An extrinsic semiconductor is one that has been doped; during manufacture of the semiconductor crystal a trace element or chemical called a doping agent has been incorporated chemically into the crystal, for the purpose of giving it different electrical properties than the pure semiconductor crystal, which is called an intrinsic semiconductor.

See Hydraulic analogy and Extrinsic semiconductor

Field-effect transistor

The field-effect transistor (FET) is a type of transistor that uses an electric field to control the flow of current in a semiconductor.

See Hydraulic analogy and Field-effect transistor

Fluid

In physics, a fluid is a liquid, gas, or other material that may continuously move and deform (flow) under an applied shear stress, or external force.

See Hydraulic analogy and Fluid

Fluidics

Fluidics, or fluidic logic, is the use of a fluid to perform analog or digital operations similar to those performed with electronics.

See Hydraulic analogy and Fluidics

Force

A force is an influence that can cause an object to change its velocity, i.e., to accelerate, meaning a change in speed or direction, unless counterbalanced by other forces.

See Hydraulic analogy and Force

Gravitational potential

In classical mechanics, the gravitational potential is a scalar field associating with each point in space the work (energy transferred) per unit mass that would be needed to move an object to that point from a fixed reference point.

See Hydraulic analogy and Gravitational potential

Hagen–Poiseuille equation

In nonideal fluid dynamics, the Hagen–Poiseuille equation, also known as the Hagen–Poiseuille law, Poiseuille law or Poiseuille equation, is a physical law that gives the pressure drop in an incompressible and Newtonian fluid in laminar flow flowing through a long cylindrical pipe of constant cross section.

See Hydraulic analogy and Hagen–Poiseuille equation

Heat

In thermodynamics, heat is the thermal energy transferred between systems due to a temperature difference.

See Hydraulic analogy and Heat

Heat current

A heat current or thermal current is a kinetic exchange rate between molecules, relative to the material in which the kinesis occurs.

See Hydraulic analogy and Heat current

Heat flux

In physics and engineering, heat flux or thermal flux, sometimes also referred to as heat flux density, heat-flow density or heat-flow rate intensity, is a flow of energy per unit area per unit time.

See Hydraulic analogy and Heat flux

High frequency

High frequency (HF) is the ITU designation for the band of radio waves with frequency between 3 and 30 megahertz (MHz).

See Hydraulic analogy and High frequency

Hydraulic accumulator

A hydraulic accumulator is a pressure storage reservoir in which an incompressible hydraulic fluid is held under pressure that is applied by an external source of mechanical energy.

See Hydraulic analogy and Hydraulic accumulator

Hydraulic conductivity

In science and engineering, hydraulic conductivity (in SI units of meters per second), is a property of porous materials, soils and rocks, that describes the ease with which a fluid (usually water) can move through the pore space, or fracture network.

See Hydraulic analogy and Hydraulic conductivity

Hydraulic head

Hydraulic head or piezometric head is a specific measurement of liquid pressure above a vertical datum.

See Hydraulic analogy and Hydraulic head

Hydraulic machinery

Hydraulic machines use liquid fluid power to perform work.

See Hydraulic analogy and Hydraulic machinery

Hydraulic ram

A hydraulic ram pump, ram pump, or hydram is a cyclic water pump powered by hydropower.

See Hydraulic analogy and Hydraulic ram

Hydraulics

Hydraulics is a technology and applied science using engineering, chemistry, and other sciences involving the mechanical properties and use of liquids.

See Hydraulic analogy and Hydraulics

Hydron (chemistry)

In chemistry, the hydron, informally called proton, is the cationic form of atomic hydrogen, represented with the symbol.

See Hydraulic analogy and Hydron (chemistry)

Incompressible flow

In fluid mechanics, or more generally continuum mechanics, incompressible flow (isochoric flow) refers to a flow in which the material density of each fluid parcel — an infinitesimal volume that moves with the flow velocity — is time-invariant.

See Hydraulic analogy and Incompressible flow

Inductance

Inductance is the tendency of an electrical conductor to oppose a change in the electric current flowing through it.

See Hydraulic analogy and Inductance

Induction coil

An induction coil or "spark coil" (archaically known as an inductorium or Ruhmkorff coil after Heinrich Rühmkorff) is a type of electrical transformer used to produce high-voltage pulses from a low-voltage direct current (DC) supply.

See Hydraulic analogy and Induction coil

Inductor

An inductor, also called a coil, choke, or reactor, is a passive two-terminal electrical component that stores energy in a magnetic field when electric current flows through it.

See Hydraulic analogy and Inductor

Inertia

Inertia is the tendency of objects in motion to stay in motion and objects at rest to stay at rest, unless a force causes its speed or direction to change.

See Hydraulic analogy and Inertia

Johan van Veen

Johan van Veen (Uithuizermeeden, 21 December 1893 – The Hague, 9 December 1959) was a Dutch hydraulic engineer.

See Hydraulic analogy and Johan van Veen

Kirchhoff's circuit laws

Kirchhoff's circuit laws are two equalities that deal with the current and potential difference (commonly known as voltage) in the lumped element model of electrical circuits.

See Hydraulic analogy and Kirchhoff's circuit laws

Low frequency

Low frequency (LF) is the ITU designation for radio frequencies (RF) in the range of 30–300 kHz.

See Hydraulic analogy and Low frequency

Mass

Mass is an intrinsic property of a body.

See Hydraulic analogy and Mass

Maxwell's equations

Maxwell's equations, or Maxwell–Heaviside equations, are a set of coupled partial differential equations that, together with the Lorentz force law, form the foundation of classical electromagnetism, classical optics, electric and magnetic circuits.

See Hydraulic analogy and Maxwell's equations

Mechanical–electrical analogies

Mechanical–electrical analogies are the representation of mechanical systems as electrical networks. Hydraulic analogy and Mechanical–electrical analogies are electrical analogies.

See Hydraulic analogy and Mechanical–electrical analogies

Mechanics

Mechanics (from Ancient Greek: μηχανική, mēkhanikḗ, "of machines") is the area of physics concerned with the relationships between force, matter, and motion among physical objects.

See Hydraulic analogy and Mechanics

Memristor

A memristor (a portmanteau of memory resistor) is a non-linear two-terminal electrical component relating electric charge and magnetic flux linkage.

See Hydraulic analogy and Memristor

Momentum

In Newtonian mechanics, momentum (momenta or momentums; more specifically linear momentum or translational momentum) is the product of the mass and velocity of an object.

See Hydraulic analogy and Momentum

MOSFET

W and controlling a load of over 2000 W. A matchstick is pictured for scale. In electronics, the metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET, MOS-FET, or MOS FET) is a type of field-effect transistor (FET), most commonly fabricated by the controlled oxidation of silicon.

See Hydraulic analogy and MOSFET

Navier–Stokes equations

The Navier–Stokes equations are partial differential equations which describe the motion of viscous fluid substances.

See Hydraulic analogy and Navier–Stokes equations

Needle valve

A needle valve is a type of valve with a small port and a threaded, needle-shaped plunger.

See Hydraulic analogy and Needle valve

Negative transfer (memory)

In behavioral psychology, negative transfer is the interference of the previous knowledge with new learning, where one set of events could hurt performance on related tasks.

See Hydraulic analogy and Negative transfer (memory)

North Sea flood of 1953

The 1953 North Sea flood (Watersnoodramp) was a major flood caused by a heavy storm surge that struck the Netherlands, north-west Belgium, England and Scotland.

See Hydraulic analogy and North Sea flood of 1953

Ohm's law

Ohm's law states that the electric current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points.

See Hydraulic analogy and Ohm's law

Oliver Lodge

Sir Oliver Joseph Lodge, (12 June 1851 – 22 August 1940) was a British physicist and writer involved in the development of, and holder of key patents for, radio.

See Hydraulic analogy and Oliver Lodge

Paddle wheel

A paddle wheel is a form of waterwheel or impeller in which a number of paddles are set around the periphery of the wheel.

See Hydraulic analogy and Paddle wheel

Paradigm

In science and philosophy, a paradigm is a distinct set of concepts or thought patterns, including theories, research methods, postulates, and standards for what constitute legitimate contributions to a field.

See Hydraulic analogy and Paradigm

Parasitic impedance

In electrical networks, a parasitic impedance is a circuit element (resistance, inductance or capacitance) which is not desirable in a electrical component for its intended purpose.

See Hydraulic analogy and Parasitic impedance

Paul J. Nahin

Paul J. Nahin (born November 26, 1940) is an American electrical engineer, author, and former college professor.

See Hydraulic analogy and Paul J. Nahin

Phasor

In physics and engineering, a phasor (a portmanteau of phase vector) is a complex number representing a sinusoidal function whose amplitude, and initial phase are time-invariant and whose angular frequency is fixed.

See Hydraulic analogy and Phasor

Piping and plumbing fitting

A fitting or adapter is used in pipe systems to connect sections of pipe (designated by nominal size, with greater tolerances of variance) or tube (designated by actual size, with lower tolerance for variance), adapt to different sizes or shapes, and for other purposes such as regulating (or measuring) fluid flow.

See Hydraulic analogy and Piping and plumbing fitting

Piston

A piston is a component of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, gas compressors, hydraulic cylinders and pneumatic cylinders, among other similar mechanisms.

See Hydraulic analogy and Piston

Potential

Potential generally refers to a currently unrealized ability.

See Hydraulic analogy and Potential

Pressure

Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.

See Hydraulic analogy and Pressure

Proton conductor

A proton conductor is an electrolyte, typically a solid electrolyte, in which H+ are the primary charge carriers.

See Hydraulic analogy and Proton conductor

Pump

A pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases), or sometimes slurries, by mechanical action, typically converted from electrical energy into hydraulic energy.

See Hydraulic analogy and Pump

Quantity

Quantity or amount is a property that can exist as a multitude or magnitude, which illustrate discontinuity and continuity.

See Hydraulic analogy and Quantity

Quantum mechanics

Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory that describes the behavior of nature at and below the scale of atoms.

See Hydraulic analogy and Quantum mechanics

Resistor

A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as a circuit element.

See Hydraulic analogy and Resistor

Rotary vane pump

A rotary vane pump is a type of positive-displacement pump that consists of vanes mounted to a rotor that rotates inside a cavity.

See Hydraulic analogy and Rotary vane pump

Signal trace

In electronics, a signal trace or circuit trace on a printed circuit board (PCB) or integrated circuit (IC) is the equivalent of a wire for conducting signals.

See Hydraulic analogy and Signal trace

Solar cell

A solar cell or photovoltaic cell (PV cell) is an electronic device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by means of the photovoltaic effect.

See Hydraulic analogy and Solar cell

Sound

In physics, sound is a vibration that propagates as an acoustic wave through a transmission medium such as a gas, liquid or solid.

See Hydraulic analogy and Sound

Speed of sound

The speed of sound is the distance travelled per unit of time by a sound wave as it propagates through an elastic medium.

See Hydraulic analogy and Speed of sound

Stress (mechanics)

In continuum mechanics, stress is a physical quantity that describes forces present during deformation.

See Hydraulic analogy and Stress (mechanics)

Temperature

Temperature is a physical quantity that quantitatively expresses the attribute of hotness or coldness.

See Hydraulic analogy and Temperature

Thermal conduction

Conduction is the process by which heat is transferred from the hotter end to the colder end of an object.

See Hydraulic analogy and Thermal conduction

Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics is a branch of physics that deals with heat, work, and temperature, and their relation to energy, entropy, and the physical properties of matter and radiation.

See Hydraulic analogy and Thermodynamics

Thermoelectric effect

The thermoelectric effect is the direct conversion of temperature differences to electric voltage and vice versa via a thermocouple.

See Hydraulic analogy and Thermoelectric effect

Transistor

A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electrical signals and power.

See Hydraulic analogy and Transistor

Transmission line

In electrical engineering, a transmission line is a specialized cable or other structure designed to conduct electromagnetic waves in a contained manner.

See Hydraulic analogy and Transmission line

Velocity

Velocity is the speed in combination with the direction of motion of an object.

See Hydraulic analogy and Velocity

Velocity factor

The velocity factor (VF), also called wave propagation speed or velocity of propagation (VoP or of a transmission medium is the ratio of the speed at which a wavefront (of an electromagnetic signal, a radio signal, a light pulse in an optical fibre or a change of the electrical voltage on a copper wire) passes through the medium, to the speed of light in vacuum.

See Hydraulic analogy and Velocity factor

Volt

The volt (symbol: V) is the unit of electric potential, electric potential difference (voltage), and electromotive force in the International System of Units (SI).

See Hydraulic analogy and Volt

Voltage

Voltage, also known as (electrical) potential difference, electric pressure, or electric tension is the difference in electric potential between two points.

See Hydraulic analogy and Voltage

Voltage drop

In electronics, voltage drop is the decrease of electric potential along the path of a current flowing in a circuit.

See Hydraulic analogy and Voltage drop

Voltage source

A voltage source is a two-terminal device which can maintain a fixed voltage.

See Hydraulic analogy and Voltage source

Volume

Volume is a measure of regions in three-dimensional space.

See Hydraulic analogy and Volume

Volumetric flow rate

In physics and engineering, in particular fluid dynamics, the volumetric flow rate (also known as volume flow rate, or volume velocity) is the volume of fluid which passes per unit time; usually it is represented by the symbol (sometimes \dot V).

See Hydraulic analogy and Volumetric flow rate

Water hammer

Hydraulic shock (colloquial: water hammer; fluid hammer) is a pressure surge or wave caused when a fluid in motion is forced to stop or change direction suddenly; a momentum change.

See Hydraulic analogy and Water hammer

Windkessel effect

Windkessel effect (German: Windkesseleffekt) is a term used in medicine to account for the shape of the arterial blood pressure waveform in terms of the interaction between the stroke volume and the compliance of the aorta and large elastic arteries (Windkessel vessels) and the resistance of the smaller arteries and arterioles.

See Hydraulic analogy and Windkessel effect

Wire

Overhead power cabling. The conductor consists of seven strands of steel (centre, high tensile strength), surrounded by four outer layers of aluminium (high conductivity). Sample diameter 40 mm A wire is a flexible, round, bar of metal.

See Hydraulic analogy and Wire

See also

Electrical analogies

• Capacitor-spring analogy
• Gyrator–capacitor model
• Hydraulic analogy
• Impedance analogy
• Magnetic circuit
• Magnetic complex reluctance
• Mechanical–electrical analogies
• Mobility analogy

Electronics concepts

• Black's equation
• Bode plot
• Current mirror
• Debye length
• Dynamic range
• Electron hole
• Equivalent series resistance
• Field electron emission
• Gain (electronics)
• Hydraulic analogy
• Impedance matching
• Layer (electronics)
• Logical effort
• Negative resistance
• Particle in a one-dimensional lattice
• Power supply rejection ratio
• Power-line flicker
• Propagation delay
• Secondary emission
• Shot noise
• Slew rate
• Standing wave ratio

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_analogy

Also known as Drain-pipe theory, Fluid analog, Fluid analogy, Hydraulic impedance, Hydraulic model.

, Inductance, Induction coil, Inductor, Inertia, Johan van Veen, Kirchhoff's circuit laws, Low frequency, Mass, Maxwell's equations, Mechanical–electrical analogies, Mechanics, Memristor, Momentum, MOSFET, Navier–Stokes equations, Needle valve, Negative transfer (memory), North Sea flood of 1953, Ohm's law, Oliver Lodge, Paddle wheel, Paradigm, Parasitic impedance, Paul J. Nahin, Phasor, Piping and plumbing fitting, Piston, Potential, Pressure, Proton conductor, Pump, Quantity, Quantum mechanics, Resistor, Rotary vane pump, Signal trace, Solar cell, Sound, Speed of sound, Stress (mechanics), Temperature, Thermal conduction, Thermodynamics, Thermoelectric effect, Transistor, Transmission line, Velocity, Velocity factor, Volt, Voltage, Voltage drop, Voltage source, Volume, Volumetric flow rate, Water hammer, Windkessel effect, Wire.