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ILLIAC IV, the Glossary

️Thu Aug 19 1999

The ILLIAC IV was the first massively parallel computer.^[1]

102 relations: Accumulator (computing), Aeronca Aircraft, ALGOL, Amdahl's law, Ames Research Center, ARPANET, Barrel shifter, Bell Labs, Bit, Bit rate, Branch (computer science), Bull Gamma 60, Burroughs Corporation, Bus (computing), Byte, Carry-lookahead adder, CDC 7600, CDC STAR-100, Central processing unit, Computer History Museum, Computer language, Computer-aided design, Connection Machine, Control Data Corporation, Cray-1, Crosstalk, Daniel Slotnick, DARPA, Disk storage, Doctor of Philosophy, Drum memory, Electrical impedance, Emitter-coupled logic, Engineering Research Associates, Fairchild Semiconductor, Fixed-point arithmetic, Floating-point arithmetic, Floating-point unit, FLOPS, Fortran, Hans Mark, IAS machine, IBM, ILLIAC, ILLIAC III, Index register, Information Processing Techniques Office, Input/output, Institute for Advanced Study, Instruction pipelining, ... Expand index (52 more) »
Massively parallel computers

Accumulator (computing)

In a computer's central processing unit (CPU), the accumulator is a register in which intermediate arithmetic logic unit results are stored.

See ILLIAC IV and Accumulator (computing)

Aeronca, contracted from Aeronautical Corporation of America, located in Middletown, Ohio, is a US manufacturer of engine components and airframe structures for commercial aviation and the defense industry, and a former aircraft manufacturer.

See ILLIAC IV and Aeronca Aircraft

ALGOL

ALGOL (short for "Algorithmic Language") is a family of imperative computer programming languages originally developed in 1958.

See ILLIAC IV and ALGOL

Amdahl's law

In computer architecture, Amdahl's law (or Amdahl's argument) is a formula which gives the theoretical speedup in latency of the execution of a task at fixed workload that can be expected of a system whose resources are improved.

See ILLIAC IV and Amdahl's law

Ames Research Center

The Ames Research Center (ARC), also known as NASA Ames, is a major NASA research center at Moffett Federal Airfield in California's Silicon Valley.

See ILLIAC IV and Ames Research Center

ARPANET

The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) was the first wide-area packet-switched network with distributed control and one of the first computer networks to implement the TCP/IP protocol suite.

See ILLIAC IV and ARPANET

Barrel shifter

A barrel shifter is a digital circuit that can shift a data word by a specified number of bits without the use of any sequential logic, only pure combinational logic, i.e. it inherently provides a binary operation.

See ILLIAC IV and Barrel shifter

Bell Labs

Bell Labs is an American industrial research and scientific development company credited with the development of radio astronomy, the transistor, the laser, the photovoltaic cell, the charge-coupled device (CCD), information theory, the Unix operating system, and the programming languages B, C, C++, S, SNOBOL, AWK, AMPL, and others.

See ILLIAC IV and Bell Labs

Bit

The bit is the most basic unit of information in computing and digital communication.

See ILLIAC IV and Bit

Bit rate

In telecommunications and computing, bit rate (bitrate or as a variable R) is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time.

See ILLIAC IV and Bit rate

Branch (computer science)

A branch, jump or transfer is an instruction in a computer program that can cause a computer to begin executing a different instruction sequence and thus deviate from its default behavior of executing instructions in order.

See ILLIAC IV and Branch (computer science)

Bull Gamma 60

The Bull Gamma 60 was a large transistorized mainframe computer designed by Compagnie des Machines Bull.

See ILLIAC IV and Bull Gamma 60

Burroughs Corporation

The Burroughs Corporation was a major American manufacturer of business equipment.

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Bus (computing)

In computer architecture, a bus (historically also called data highway or databus) is a communication system that transfers data between components inside a computer, or between computers.

See ILLIAC IV and Bus (computing)

Byte

The byte is a unit of digital information that most commonly consists of eight bits.

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Carry-lookahead adder

A carry-lookahead adder (CLA) or fast adder is a type of electronics adder used in digital logic.

See ILLIAC IV and Carry-lookahead adder

CDC 7600

The CDC 7600 was designed by Seymour Cray to be the successor to the CDC 6600, extending Control Data's dominance of the supercomputer field into the 1970s. ILLIAC IV and CDC 7600 are supercomputers.

See ILLIAC IV and CDC 7600

CDC STAR-100

The CDC STAR-100 is a vector supercomputer that was designed, manufactured, and marketed by Control Data Corporation (CDC).

See ILLIAC IV and CDC STAR-100

Central processing unit

A central processing unit (CPU), also called a central processor, main processor, or just processor, is the most important processor in a given computer.

See ILLIAC IV and Central processing unit

Computer History Museum

The Computer History Museum (CHM) is a museum of computer history, located in Mountain View, California.

See ILLIAC IV and Computer History Museum

Computer language

A computer language is a formal language used to communicate with a computer.

See ILLIAC IV and Computer language

Computer-aided design

Computer-aided design (CAD) is the use of computers to aid in the creation, modification, analysis, or optimization of a design.

See ILLIAC IV and Computer-aided design

Connection Machine

A Connection Machine (CM) is a member of a series of massively parallel supercomputers that grew out of doctoral research on alternatives to the traditional von Neumann architecture of computers by Danny Hillis at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the early 1980s. ILLIAC IV and Connection Machine are massively parallel computers, parallel computing and supercomputers.

See ILLIAC IV and Connection Machine

Control Data Corporation

Control Data Corporation (CDC) was a mainframe and supercomputer company that in the 1960s was one of the nine major U.S. computer companies, which group included IBM, the Burroughs Corporation, and the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), the NCR Corporation (NCR), General Electric, and Honeywell, RCA and UNIVAC. ILLIAC IV and Control Data Corporation are supercomputers.

See ILLIAC IV and Control Data Corporation

Cray-1

The Cray-1 was a supercomputer designed, manufactured and marketed by Cray Research.

See ILLIAC IV and Cray-1

Crosstalk

In electronics, crosstalk is a phenomenon by which a signal transmitted on one circuit or channel of a transmission system creates an undesired effect in another circuit or channel.

See ILLIAC IV and Crosstalk

Daniel Slotnick

Daniel Leonid Slotnick (1931–1985) was an American mathematician and computer architect.

See ILLIAC IV and Daniel Slotnick

DARPA

The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is a research and development agency of the United States Department of Defense responsible for the development of emerging technologies for use by the military.

See ILLIAC IV and DARPA

Disk storage

Disk storage (also sometimes called drive storage) is a data storage mechanism based on a rotating disk.

See ILLIAC IV and Disk storage

Doctor of Philosophy

A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD or DPhil; philosophiae doctor or) is a terminal degree that usually denotes the highest level of academic achievement in a given discipline and is awarded following a course of graduate study and original research.

See ILLIAC IV and Doctor of Philosophy

Drum memory

Drum memory was a magnetic data storage device invented by Gustav Tauschek in 1932 in Austria.

See ILLIAC IV and Drum memory

Electrical impedance

In electrical engineering, impedance is the opposition to alternating current presented by the combined effect of resistance and reactance in a circuit.

See ILLIAC IV and Electrical impedance

Emitter-coupled logic

In electronics, emitter-coupled logic (ECL) is a high-speed integrated circuit bipolar transistor logic family.

See ILLIAC IV and Emitter-coupled logic

Engineering Research Associates

Engineering Research Associates, commonly known as ERA, was a pioneering computer firm from the 1950s.

See ILLIAC IV and Engineering Research Associates

Fairchild Semiconductor

Fairchild Semiconductor International, Inc. was an American semiconductor company based in San Jose, California.

See ILLIAC IV and Fairchild Semiconductor

Fixed-point arithmetic

In computing, fixed-point is a method of representing fractional (non-integer) numbers by storing a fixed number of digits of their fractional part.

See ILLIAC IV and Fixed-point arithmetic

Floating-point arithmetic

In computing, floating-point arithmetic (FP) is arithmetic that represents subsets of real numbers using an integer with a fixed precision, called the significand, scaled by an integer exponent of a fixed base.

See ILLIAC IV and Floating-point arithmetic

Floating-point unit

A floating-point unit (FPU, colloquially a math coprocessor) is a part of a computer system specially designed to carry out operations on floating-point numbers.

See ILLIAC IV and Floating-point unit

FLOPS

Floating point operations per second (FLOPS, flops or flop/s) is a measure of computer performance in computing, useful in fields of scientific computations that require floating-point calculations.

See ILLIAC IV and FLOPS

Fortran

Fortran (formerly FORTRAN) is a third generation, compiled, imperative programming language that is especially suited to numeric computation and scientific computing.

See ILLIAC IV and Fortran

Hans Mark

Hans Michael Mark (June 17, 1929 – December 18, 2021) was a German-born American government official who served as Secretary of the Air Force and as a Deputy Administrator of NASA.

See ILLIAC IV and Hans Mark

IAS machine

The IAS machine was the first electronic computer built at the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) in Princeton, New Jersey.

See ILLIAC IV and IAS machine

IBM

International Business Machines Corporation (using the trademark IBM), nicknamed Big Blue, is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk, New York and present in over 175 countries.

See ILLIAC IV and IBM

ILLIAC

ILLIAC (Illinois Automatic Computer) was a series of supercomputers built at a variety of locations, some at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign.

See ILLIAC IV and ILLIAC

ILLIAC III

The ILLIAC III was a fine-grained SIMD pattern recognition computer built by the University of Illinois in 1966. ILLIAC IV and ILLIAC III are one-of-a-kind computers.

See ILLIAC IV and ILLIAC III

Index register

An index register in a computer's CPU is a processor register (or an assigned memory location) used for pointing to operand addresses during the run of a program.

See ILLIAC IV and Index register

Information Processing Techniques Office

The Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO), originally "Command and Control Research",Lyon, Matthew; Hafner, Katie (1999-08-19).

See ILLIAC IV and Information Processing Techniques Office

Input/output

In computing, input/output (I/O, i/o, or informally io or IO) is the communication between an information processing system, such as a computer, and the outside world, such as another computer system, peripherals, or a human operator.

See ILLIAC IV and Input/output

Institute for Advanced Study

The Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) is an independent center for theoretical research and intellectual inquiry located in Princeton, New Jersey.

See ILLIAC IV and Institute for Advanced Study

Instruction pipelining

In computer engineering, instruction pipelining is a technique for implementing instruction-level parallelism within a single processor.

See ILLIAC IV and Instruction pipelining

Instruction scheduling

In computer science, instruction scheduling is a compiler optimization used to improve instruction-level parallelism, which improves performance on machines with instruction pipelines.

See ILLIAC IV and Instruction scheduling

Instruction set architecture

In computer science, an instruction set architecture (ISA) is an abstract model that generally defines how software controls the CPU in a computer or a family of computers.

See ILLIAC IV and Instruction set architecture

Integrated circuit

An integrated circuit (IC), also known as a microchip, computer chip, or simply chip, is a small electronic device made up of multiple interconnected electronic components such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors.

See ILLIAC IV and Integrated circuit

IT History Society

The IT History Society (ITHS) is an organization that supports the history and scholarship of information technology by encouraging, fostering, and facilitating archival and historical research.

See ILLIAC IV and IT History Society

Ivan Sutherland

Ivan Edward Sutherland (born May 16, 1938) is an American computer scientist and Internet pioneer, widely regarded as a pioneer of computer graphics.

See ILLIAC IV and Ivan Sutherland

John Cocke (computer scientist)

John Cocke (May 30, 1925 – July 16, 2002) was an American computer scientist recognized for his large contribution to computer architecture and optimizing compiler design.

See ILLIAC IV and John Cocke (computer scientist)

John von Neumann

John von Neumann (Neumann János Lajos; December 28, 1903 – February 8, 1957) was a Hungarian and American mathematician, physicist, computer scientist, engineer and polymath.

See ILLIAC IV and John von Neumann

Kent State shootings

The Kent State shootings (also known as the Kent State massacre or May 4 massacre"These would be the first of many probes into what soon became known as the Kent State Massacre. Like the Boston Massacre almost exactly two hundred years before (March 5, 1770), which it resembled, it was called a massacre not for the number of its victims, but for the wanton manner in which they were shot down.") were the killing of four and wounding of nine unarmed college students by the Ohio National Guard on the Kent State University campus.

See ILLIAC IV and Kent State shootings

Leading-one detector

A leading-one detector (LOD) is an electronic circuit commonly found in central processing units and especially their arithmetic logic units (ALUs).

See ILLIAC IV and Leading-one detector

Lear Siegler

Lear Siegler Incorporated (LSI) is a diverse American corporation established in 1962.

See ILLIAC IV and Lear Siegler

Load–store architecture

In computer engineering, a load–store architecture (or a register–register architecture) is an instruction set architecture that divides instructions into two categories: memory access (load and store between memory and registers) and ALU operations (which only occur between registers).

See ILLIAC IV and Load–store architecture

Logic gate

A logic gate is a device that performs a Boolean function, a logical operation performed on one or more binary inputs that produces a single binary output.

See ILLIAC IV and Logic gate

Magnetic-core memory

In computing, magnetic-core memory is a form of random-access memory.

See ILLIAC IV and Magnetic-core memory

Massively parallel

Massively parallel is the term for using a large number of computer processors (or separate computers) to simultaneously perform a set of coordinated computations in parallel. ILLIAC IV and Massively parallel are parallel computing.

See ILLIAC IV and Massively parallel

Megabyte

The megabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information.

See ILLIAC IV and Megabyte

Multiple instruction, multiple data

In computing, multiple instruction, multiple data (MIMD) is a technique employed to achieve parallelism. ILLIAC IV and multiple instruction, multiple data are parallel computing.

See ILLIAC IV and Multiple instruction, multiple data

Nanosecond

A nanosecond (ns) is a unit of time in the International System of Units (SI) equal to one billionth of a second, that is, of a second, or 10 seconds.

See ILLIAC IV and Nanosecond

Parallel Element Processing Ensemble

The Parallel Element Processing Ensemble (PEPE) was one of the very early parallel computing systems. ILLIAC IV and parallel Element Processing Ensemble are massively parallel computers and parallel computing.

See ILLIAC IV and Parallel Element Processing Ensemble

PDP-10

Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)'s PDP-10, later marketed as the DECsystem-10, is a mainframe computer family manufactured beginning in 1966 and discontinued in 1983.

See ILLIAC IV and PDP-10

Princeton University

Princeton University is a private Ivy League research university in Princeton, New Jersey.

See ILLIAC IV and Princeton University

Printed circuit board

A printed circuit board (PCB), also called printed wiring board (PWB), is a medium used to connect or "wire" components to one another in a circuit.

See ILLIAC IV and Printed circuit board

Processor register

A processor register is a quickly accessible location available to a computer's processor.

See ILLIAC IV and Processor register

Program counter

The program counter (PC), commonly called the instruction pointer (IP) in Intel x86 and Itanium microprocessors, and sometimes called the instruction address register (IAR), the instruction counter, or just part of the instruction sequencer, is a processor register that indicates where a computer is in its program sequence.

See ILLIAC IV and Program counter

Radar

Radar is a system that uses radio waves to determine the distance (ranging), direction (azimuth and elevation angles), and radial velocity of objects relative to the site.

See ILLIAC IV and Radar

RCA

The RCA Corporation was a major American electronics company, which was founded in 1919 as the Radio Corporation of America.

See ILLIAC IV and RCA

Reduced instruction set computer

In electronics and computer science, a reduced instruction set computer (RISC) is a computer architecture designed to simplify the individual instructions given to the computer to accomplish tasks.

See ILLIAC IV and Reduced instruction set computer

Request for proposal

A request for proposal (RFP) is a form of reverse auction that solicits a business proposal by an organisation interested in the procurement of a service or product from potential suppliers.

See ILLIAC IV and Request for proposal

Resistor

A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as a circuit element.

See ILLIAC IV and Resistor

Rome Laboratory

Rome Laboratory (Rome Air Development Center until 1991) is a U.S. Air Force research laboratory for "command, control, and communications" research and development and is responsible for planning and executing the USAF science and technology program.

See ILLIAC IV and Rome Laboratory

Seymour Cray

Seymour Roger Cray (September 28, 1925 – October 5, 1996) was an American electrical engineer and supercomputer architect who designed a series of computers that were the fastest in the world for decades, and founded Cray Research which built many of these machines.

See ILLIAC IV and Seymour Cray

Silicon Valley

Silicon Valley is a region in Northern California that is a global center for high technology and innovation.

See ILLIAC IV and Silicon Valley

Single instruction, multiple data

Single instruction, multiple data (SIMD) is a type of parallel processing in Flynn's taxonomy. ILLIAC IV and Single instruction, multiple data are parallel computing.

See ILLIAC IV and Single instruction, multiple data

Solomon

Solomon, also called Jedidiah, was a monarch of ancient Israel and the son and successor of King David, according to the Hebrew Bible or Old Testament.

See ILLIAC IV and Solomon

Sterling Hall bombing

The Sterling Hall bombing occurred on the University of Wisconsin–Madison campus on August 24, 1970, and was committed by four men as an action against the university's research connections with the U.S. military during the Vietnam War.

See ILLIAC IV and Sterling Hall bombing

Student strike of 1970

The student strike of 1970 was a massive protest across the United States that included walk-outs from college and high school classrooms, initially in response to the United States expansion of the Vietnam War into Cambodia.

See ILLIAC IV and Student strike of 1970

Supercomputer

A supercomputer is a type of computer with a high level of performance as compared to a general-purpose computer. ILLIAC IV and supercomputer are parallel computing and supercomputers.

See ILLIAC IV and Supercomputer

Texas Instruments

Texas Instruments Incorporated (TI) is an American multinational semiconductor company headquartered in Dallas, Texas.

See ILLIAC IV and Texas Instruments

The Daily Illini

The Daily Illini, commonly known as the DI, is a student-run newspaper that has been published for the community of the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign since 1871.

See ILLIAC IV and The Daily Illini

Thin-film memory

Thin-film memory is a high-speed alternative to magnetic-core memory developed by Sperry Rand in a government-funded research project.

See ILLIAC IV and Thin-film memory

Thinking Machines Corporation

Thinking Machines Corporation was a supercomputer manufacturer and artificial intelligence (AI) company, founded in Waltham, Massachusetts, in 1983 by Sheryl Handler and W. Daniel "Danny" Hillis to turn Hillis's doctoral work at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) on massively parallel computing architectures into a commercial product named the Connection Machine. ILLIAC IV and Thinking Machines Corporation are massively parallel computers, parallel computing and supercomputers.

See ILLIAC IV and Thinking Machines Corporation

United States Air Force

The United States Air Force (USAF) is the air service branch of the United States Armed Forces, and is one of the eight uniformed services of the United States.

See ILLIAC IV and United States Air Force

United States Department of Defense

The United States Department of Defense (DoD, USDOD, or DOD) is an executive branch department of the federal government of the United States charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the U.S. government directly related to national security and the United States Armed Forces.

See ILLIAC IV and United States Department of Defense

United States Marine Corps

The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is the maritime land force service branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations through combined arms, implementing its own infantry, artillery, aerial, and special operations forces.

See ILLIAC IV and United States Marine Corps

UNIVAC

UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer) was a line of electronic digital stored-program computers starting with the products of the Eckert–Mauchly Computer Corporation.

See ILLIAC IV and UNIVAC

University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

The University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC, U of I, Illinois, or University of Illinois) is a public land-grant research university in the Champaign–Urbana metropolitan area, Illinois, United States.

See ILLIAC IV and University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

University of Wisconsin–Madison

The University of Wisconsin–Madison (University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, UW, UW–Madison, or simply Madison) is a public land-grant research university in Madison, Wisconsin, United States.

See ILLIAC IV and University of Wisconsin–Madison

Vector processor

In computing, a vector processor or array processor is a central processing unit (CPU) that implements an instruction set where its instructions are designed to operate efficiently and effectively on large one-dimensional arrays of data called vectors. ILLIAC IV and vector processor are parallel computing.

See ILLIAC IV and Vector processor

Venture capital

Venture capital (VC) is a form of private equity financing provided by firms or funds to startup, early-stage, and emerging companies, that have been deemed to have high growth potential or that have demonstrated high growth in terms of number of employees, annual revenue, scale of operations, etc.

See ILLIAC IV and Venture capital

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ILLIAC_IV

Also known as Iliac IV, Illinois ILLIAC IV, Westinghouse SOLOMON.

, Instruction scheduling, Instruction set architecture, Integrated circuit, IT History Society, Ivan Sutherland, John Cocke (computer scientist), John von Neumann, Kent State shootings, Leading-one detector, Lear Siegler, Load–store architecture, Logic gate, Magnetic-core memory, Massively parallel, Megabyte, Multiple instruction, multiple data, Nanosecond, Parallel Element Processing Ensemble, PDP-10, Princeton University, Printed circuit board, Processor register, Program counter, Radar, RCA, Reduced instruction set computer, Request for proposal, Resistor, Rome Laboratory, Seymour Cray, Silicon Valley, Single instruction, multiple data, Solomon, Sterling Hall bombing, Student strike of 1970, Supercomputer, Texas Instruments, The Daily Illini, Thin-film memory, Thinking Machines Corporation, United States Air Force, United States Department of Defense, United States Marine Corps, UNIVAC, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Vector processor, Venture capital, Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Williams tube, Word (computer architecture), 64-bit computing.

ILLIAC IV, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Massively parallel computers

References