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Ichthyornis, the Glossary

Ichthyornis (meaning "fish bird", after its fish-like vertebrae) is an extinct genus of toothy seabird-like ornithuran from the late Cretaceous period of North America.^[1]

78 relations: Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Alabama, Albatross, Alberta, Alexander Wetmore, Ambiortus, Apatornis, Archaeopteryx, Asteriornis, Austinornis, Avialae, Benjamin Franklin Mudge, Bird, Bissekty Formation, Bone Wars, Campanian, Carinatae, Chalk, Charles Darwin, Cladogram, Clidastes, Columbidae, Coniacian, Cretaceous, Crocodilia, Edward Drinker Cope, Enantiornithes, Evolution, Evolution of birds, Family (biology), Fossil, Galliformes, Genus, Graculavus, Greenhorn Limestone, Gull, Hesperornis, Hesperornithes, Holotype, Iaceornis, Ichthyornithes, International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Jacques Gauthier, Julia Clarke, Kansas, Kansas State University, Keratin, Kyzylkum Desert, Late Cretaceous, Limenavis, ... Expand index (28 more) »
Coniacian genus first appearances
Fossil taxa described in 1872
Mooreville Chalk

Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University

The Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, formerly the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, is the oldest natural science research institution and museum in the Americas.

See Ichthyornis and Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University

Alabama

Alabama is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States.

See Ichthyornis and Alabama

Albatross

Albatrosses, of the biological family Diomedeidae, are large seabirds related to the procellariids, storm petrels, and diving petrels in the order Procellariiformes (the tubenoses).

See Ichthyornis and Albatross

Alberta

Alberta is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada.

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Alexander Wetmore

Frank Alexander Wetmore (June 18, 1886 – December 7, 1978) was an American ornithologist and avian paleontologist.

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Ambiortus

Ambiortus is an extinct genus of ornithuromorph dinosaurs.

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Apatornis is a genus of ornithuran dinosaurs endemic to North America during the late Cretaceous. Ichthyornis and Apatornis are late Cretaceous dinosaurs of North America and taxa named by Othniel Charles Marsh.

See Ichthyornis and Apatornis

Archaeopteryx

Archaeopteryx, sometimes referred to by its German name, "Urvogel" (Primeval Bird) is a genus of bird-like dinosaurs. Ichthyornis and Archaeopteryx are Transitional fossils.

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Asteriornis

Asteriornis ("Asteria's bird") is an extinct genus of bird from the Late Cretaceous of Belgium which is known from a single species, Asteriornis maastrichtensis.

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Austinornis

Austinornis is an extinct genus of prehistoric bird of uncertain phylogenetic placement from the Late Cretaceous of Texas.

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Avialae

Avialae ("bird wings") is a clade containing the only living dinosaurs, the birds, and their closest relatives.

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Benjamin Franklin Mudge

Benjamin Franklin Mudge (August 11, 1817 – November 21, 1879) was an American lawyer, geologist and teacher.

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Bird

Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves, characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton.

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Bissekty Formation

The Bissekty Formation (sometimes referred to as Bissekt) is a geologic formation and Lagerstätte which crops out in the Kyzyl Kum desert of Uzbekistan, and dates to the Late Cretaceous Period.

See Ichthyornis and Bissekty Formation

Bone Wars

The Bone Wars, also known as the Great Dinosaur Rush, was a period of intense and ruthlessly competitive fossil hunting and discovery during the Gilded Age of American history, marked by a heated rivalry between Edward Drinker Cope (of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia) and Othniel Charles Marsh (of the Peabody Museum of Natural History at Yale).

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Campanian

The Campanian is the fifth of six ages of the Late Cretaceous Epoch on the geologic timescale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS).

See Ichthyornis and Campanian

Carinatae

Carinatae is the group of all birds and their extinct relatives to possess a keel, or "carina", on the underside of the breastbone used to anchor large flight muscles.

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Chalk

Chalk is a soft, white, porous, sedimentary carbonate rock.

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Charles Darwin

Charles Robert Darwin (12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882) was an English naturalist, geologist, and biologist, widely known for his contributions to evolutionary biology.

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Cladogram

A cladogram (from Greek clados "branch" and gramma "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms.

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Clidastes

Clidastes is an extinct genus of marine lizard belonging to the mosasaur family. Ichthyornis and Clidastes are Mooreville Chalk.

See Ichthyornis and Clidastes

Columbidae

Columbidae is a bird family consisting of doves and pigeons.

See Ichthyornis and Columbidae

Coniacian

The Coniacian is an age or stage in the geologic timescale.

See Ichthyornis and Coniacian

Cretaceous

The Cretaceous is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya).

See Ichthyornis and Cretaceous

Crocodilia

Crocodilia (or Crocodylia, both) is an order of semiaquatic, predatory reptiles known as crocodilians.

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Edward Drinker Cope

Edward Drinker Cope (July 28, 1840 – April 12, 1897) was an American zoologist, paleontologist, comparative anatomist, herpetologist, and ichthyologist.

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Enantiornithes

The Enantiornithes, also known as enantiornithines or enantiornitheans in literature, are a group of extinct avialans ("birds" in the broad sense), the most abundant and diverse group known from the Mesozoic era.

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Evolution

Evolution is the change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.

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Evolution of birds

The evolution of birds began in the Jurassic Period, with the earliest birds derived from a clade of theropod dinosaurs named Paraves.

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Family (biology)

Family (familia,: familiae) is one of the nine major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy.

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Fossil

A fossil (from Classical Latin) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age.

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Galliformes

Galliformes is an order of heavy-bodied ground-feeding birds that includes turkeys, chickens, quail, and other landfowl.

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Genus

Genus (genera) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses.

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Graculavus

Graculavus is a prehistoric bird genus that was described in the 19th century by American paleontologist O. C. Marsh. Ichthyornis and Graculavus are fossil taxa described in 1872.

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Greenhorn Limestone

The Greenhorn Limestone or Greenhorn Formation is a geologic formation in the Great Plains Region of the United States, dating to the Cenomanian and Turonian ages of the Late Cretaceous period.

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Gull

Gulls, or colloquially seagulls, are seabirds of the family Laridae in the suborder Lari.

See Ichthyornis and Gull

Hesperornis

Hesperornis (meaning "western bird") is a genus of cormorant-like Ornithuran that spanned throughout the Campanian age, and possibly even up to the early Maastrichtian age, of the Late Cretaceous period. Ichthyornis and Hesperornis are fossil taxa described in 1872 and taxa named by Othniel Charles Marsh.

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Hesperornithes

Hesperornithes is an extinct and highly specialized group of aquatic avialans closely related to the ancestors of modern birds.

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Holotype

A holotype is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described.

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Iaceornis

Iaceornis is a genus of marine ornithuran dinosaurs closely related to modern birds. Ichthyornis and Iaceornis are late Cretaceous dinosaurs of North America.

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Ichthyornithes

Ichthyornithes is an extinct group of toothed avialan dinosaurs very closely related to the common ancestor of all modern birds. Ichthyornis and Ichthyornithes are taxa named by Othniel Charles Marsh.

See Ichthyornis and Ichthyornithes

International Code of Zoological Nomenclature

The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) is a widely accepted convention in zoology that rules the formal scientific naming of organisms treated as animals.

See Ichthyornis and International Code of Zoological Nomenclature

Jacques Gauthier

Jacques Armand Gauthier (born June 7, 1948, in New York City) is an American vertebrate paleontologist, comparative morphologist, and systematist, and one of the founders of the use of cladistics in biology.

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Julia Clarke

Julia Allison Clarke is an American paleontologist and evolutionary biologist who studies the evolution of birds and the dinosaurs most closely related to living birds.

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Kansas

Kansas is a landlocked state in the Midwestern region of the United States.

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Kansas State University

Kansas State University (KSU, Kansas State, or K-State) is a public land-grant research university with its main campus in Manhattan, Kansas.

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Keratin

Keratin is one of a family of structural fibrous proteins also known as scleroproteins.

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Kyzylkum Desert

The Kyzylkum Desert (Qizilqum, Қизилқум, قِیزِیل‌قُوم; Qyzylqūm, قىزىلقۇم) is the 15th largest desert in the world.

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Late Cretaceous

The Late Cretaceous (100.5–66 Ma) is the younger of two epochs into which the Cretaceous Period is divided in the geologic time scale.

See Ichthyornis and Late Cretaceous

Limenavis

Limenavis is a genus of ornithuran dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous.

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Mesozoic

The Mesozoic Era is the penultimate era of Earth's geological history, lasting from about, comprising the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous Periods.

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Million years ago

Million years ago, abbreviated as Mya, Myr (megayear) or Ma (megaannum), is a unit of time equal to (i.e. years), or approximately 31.6 teraseconds.

See Ichthyornis and Million years ago

Mosasaur

Mosasaurs (from Latin Mosa meaning the 'Meuse', and Greek σαύρος sauros meaning 'lizard') are an extinct group of large aquatic reptiles within the family Mosasauridae that lived during the Late Cretaceous.

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Neognathae

Neognathae is an infraclass of birds, called neognaths, within the class Aves of the clade Archosauria.

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New Mexico

New Mexico (Nuevo MéxicoIn Peninsular Spanish, a spelling variant, Méjico, is also used alongside México. According to the Diccionario panhispánico de dudas by Royal Spanish Academy and Association of Academies of the Spanish Language, the spelling version with J is correct; however, the spelling with X is recommended, as it is the one that is used in Mexican Spanish.; Yootó Hahoodzo) is a state in the Southwestern region of the United States.

See Ichthyornis and New Mexico

Niobrara Formation

The Niobrara Formation, also called the Niobrara Chalk, is a geologic formation in North America that was deposited between 87 and 82 million years ago during the Coniacian, Santonian, and Campanian stages of the Late Cretaceous.

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North America

North America is a continent in the Northern and Western Hemispheres.

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On the Origin of Species

On the Origin of Species (or, more completely, On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life)The book's full original title was On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life.

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Order (biology)

Order (ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy.

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Ornithurae

Ornithurae (meaning "bird tails" in Greek) is a natural group which includes the common ancestor of Ichthyornis, Hesperornis, and all modern birds as well as all other descendants of that common ancestor.

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Othniel Charles Marsh

Othniel Charles Marsh (October 29, 1831 – March 18, 1899) was an American professor of Paleontology in Yale College and President of the National Academy of Sciences.

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Peabody Museum of Natural History

The Peabody Museum of Natural History at Yale University (also known as the Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History or the Yale Peabody Museum) is one of the oldest, largest, and most prolific university natural history museums in the world.

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Petrel

Petrels are tube-nosed seabirds in the bird order Procellariiformes.

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Philadelphia

Philadelphia, colloquially referred to as Philly, is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania and the sixth-most populous city in the nation, with a population of 1,603,797 in the 2020 census.

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Phylogenetic nomenclature

Phylogenetic nomenclature is a method of nomenclature for taxa in biology that uses phylogenetic definitions for taxon names as explained below.

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Plegadis

Plegadis is a bird genus in the family Threskiornithidae.

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Pteranodon

Pteranodon; from Ancient Greek πτερόν (pteron 'wing') and ἀνόδων (anodous, anodontos 'toothless') is a genus of pterosaur that included some of the largest known flying reptiles, with P. longiceps having a wingspan of over. Ichthyornis and Pteranodon are taxa named by Othniel Charles Marsh.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ichthyornis

Also known as Colonosaurus, Ichthyornidae, Ichthyornis dispar, Ichtyornis, Icthyornis dispar.

, Mesozoic, Million years ago, Mosasaur, Neognathae, New Mexico, Niobrara Formation, North America, On the Origin of Species, Order (biology), Ornithurae, Othniel Charles Marsh, Peabody Museum of Natural History, Petrel, Philadelphia, Phylogenetic nomenclature, Plegadis, Pteranodon, Pterosaur, Rocky Mountain Dinosaur Resource Center, Rynchops, Saskatchewan, Seabird, Solomon River, Texas, Turonian, Uzbekistan, Western Interior Seaway, Yale University.

Ichthyornis, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Coniacian genus first appearances

Fossil taxa described in 1872

Mooreville Chalk

References