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In vitro maturation, the Glossary

Index In vitro maturation

In vitro maturation (IVM) is the technique of letting the contents of ovarian follicles and the oocytes inside mature in vitro.[1]

Table of Contents

  1. 44 relations: Activin and inhibin, Advanced maternal age, Androgen, Antral follicle, Assisted reproductive technology, BBC News, Cas9, CD163, CD1D, Chemotherapy, Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, Cryopreservation, Cumulus oophorus, Endocrine system, Estrogen, Female infertility, Fertilisation, Fertility preservation, Follicle-stimulating hormone, Follicular atresia, Folliculogenesis, Gene knockout, Genetically modified animal, Gonadotropin, Granulosa cell, Human chorionic gonadotropin, Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, In vitro, In vitro fertilisation, Intracytoplasmic sperm injection, Medical ultrasound, Meiosis, Mitosis, Oocyte, Oocyte cryopreservation, Oogenesis, Oogonium, Ovarian follicle, Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, Ovarian tissue cryopreservation, Polar body, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Transcription activator-like effector nuclease, Zinc-finger nuclease.

  2. In vitro fertilisation

Activin and inhibin

Activin and inhibin are two closely related protein complexes that have almost directly opposite biological effects.

See In vitro maturation and Activin and inhibin

Advanced maternal age

Advanced maternal age, in a broad sense, is the instance of a woman being of an older age at a stage of reproduction, although there are various definitions of specific age and stage of reproduction.

See In vitro maturation and Advanced maternal age

Androgen

An androgen (from Greek andr-, the stem of the word meaning "man") is any natural or synthetic steroid hormone that regulates the development and maintenance of male characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors.

See In vitro maturation and Androgen

Antral follicle

An antral or secondary follicle, also known as Graafian follicle and tertiary follicle, is an ovarian follicle during a certain latter stage of folliculogenesis.

See In vitro maturation and Antral follicle

Assisted reproductive technology

Assisted reproductive technology (ART) includes medical procedures used primarily to address infertility.

See In vitro maturation and Assisted reproductive technology

BBC News

BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs in the UK and around the world.

See In vitro maturation and BBC News

Cas9

Cas9 (CRISPR associated protein 9, formerly called Cas5, Csn1, or Csx12) is a 160 kilodalton protein which plays a vital role in the immunological defense of certain bacteria against DNA viruses and plasmids, and is heavily utilized in genetic engineering applications.

See In vitro maturation and Cas9

CD163

CD163 (Cluster of Differentiation 163) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD163 gene.

See In vitro maturation and CD163

CD1D

CD1D is the human gene that encodes the protein CD1d, a member of the CD1 (cluster of differentiation 1) family of glycoproteins expressed on the surface of various human antigen-presenting cells.

See In vitro maturation and CD1D

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy (often abbreviated chemo, sometimes CTX and CTx) is the type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents or alkylating agents) in a standard regimen.

See In vitro maturation and Chemotherapy

Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation

Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation is a technique used in assisted reproduction involving the use of fertility medications to induce ovulation by multiple ovarian follicles.

See In vitro maturation and Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation

Cryopreservation

Cryopreservation or cryoconservation is a process where biological material - cells, tissues, or organs - are frozen to preserve the material for an extended period of time.

See In vitro maturation and Cryopreservation

Cumulus oophorus

The cumulus oophorus (discus proligerus) is a cluster of cells that surround the oocyte both in the ovarian follicle and after ovulation.

See In vitro maturation and Cumulus oophorus

Endocrine system

The endocrine system is a messenger system in an organism comprising feedback loops of hormones that are released by internal glands directly into the circulatory system and that target and regulate distant organs.

See In vitro maturation and Endocrine system

Estrogen

Estrogen (oestrogen; see spelling differences) is a category of sex hormone responsible for the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics.

See In vitro maturation and Estrogen

Female infertility

Female infertility refers to infertility in women.

See In vitro maturation and Female infertility

Fertilisation

Fertilisation or fertilization (see spelling differences), also known as generative fertilisation, syngamy and impregnation, is the fusion of gametes to give rise to a zygote and initiate its development into a new individual organism or offspring.

See In vitro maturation and Fertilisation

Fertility preservation

Fertility preservation is the effort to help cancer patients retain their fertility, or ability to procreate.

See In vitro maturation and Fertility preservation

Follicle-stimulating hormone

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a gonadotropin, a glycoprotein polypeptide hormone. In vitro maturation and Follicle-stimulating hormone are in vitro fertilisation.

See In vitro maturation and Follicle-stimulating hormone

Follicular atresia

Follicular atresia refers to the process in which a follicle fails to develop, thus preventing it from ovulating and releasing an egg.

See In vitro maturation and Follicular atresia

Folliculogenesis

In biology, folliculogenesis is the maturation of the ovarian follicle, a densely packed shell of somatic cells that contains an immature oocyte.

See In vitro maturation and Folliculogenesis

Gene knockout

Gene knockouts (also known as gene deletion or gene inactivation) are a widely used genetic engineering technique that involves the targeted removal or inactivation of a specific gene within an organism's genome.

See In vitro maturation and Gene knockout

Genetically modified animal

Genetically modified animals are animals that have been genetically modified for a variety of purposes including producing drugs, enhancing yields, increasing resistance to disease, etc.

See In vitro maturation and Genetically modified animal

Gonadotropin

Gonadotropins are glycoprotein hormones secreted by gonadotropic cells of the anterior pituitary of vertebrates.

See In vitro maturation and Gonadotropin

Granulosa cell

A granulosa cell or follicular cell is a somatic cell of the sex cord that is closely associated with the developing female gamete (called an oocyte or egg) in the ovary of mammals.

See In vitro maturation and Granulosa cell

Human chorionic gonadotropin

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a hormone for the maternal recognition of pregnancy produced by trophoblast cells that are surrounding a growing embryo (syncytiotrophoblast initially), which eventually forms the placenta after implantation.

See In vitro maturation and Human chorionic gonadotropin

Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis

The hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis (HPG axis, also known as the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian/testicular axis) refers to the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and gonadal glands as if these individual endocrine glands were a single entity.

See In vitro maturation and Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis

In vitro

In vitro (meaning in glass, or in the glass) studies are performed with microorganisms, cells, or biological molecules outside their normal biological context.

See In vitro maturation and In vitro

In vitro fertilisation

In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a process of fertilisation where an egg is combined with sperm in vitro ("in glass").

See In vitro maturation and In vitro fertilisation

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is an in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure in which a single sperm cell is injected directly into the cytoplasm of an egg.

See In vitro maturation and Intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Medical ultrasound

Medical ultrasound includes diagnostic techniques (mainly imaging techniques) using ultrasound, as well as therapeutic applications of ultrasound.

See In vitro maturation and Medical ultrasound

Meiosis

Meiosis ((since it is a reductional division) is a special type of cell division of germ cells in sexually-reproducing organisms that produces the gametes, the sperm or egg cells. It involves two rounds of division that ultimately result in four cells, each with only one copy of each chromosome (haploid).

See In vitro maturation and Meiosis

Mitosis

Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei.

See In vitro maturation and Mitosis

Oocyte

An oocyte, oöcyte, or ovocyte is a female gametocyte or germ cell involved in reproduction.

See In vitro maturation and Oocyte

Oocyte cryopreservation

Oocyte cryopreservation is a procedure to preserve a woman's eggs (oocytes).

See In vitro maturation and Oocyte cryopreservation

Oogenesis

Oogenesis, ovogenesis, or oögenesis is the differentiation of the ovum (egg cell) into a cell competent to further develop when fertilized.

See In vitro maturation and Oogenesis

Oogonium

An oogonium (oogonia) is a small diploid cell which, upon maturation, forms a primordial follicle in a female fetus or the female (haploid or diploid) gametangium of certain thallophytes.

See In vitro maturation and Oogonium

Ovarian follicle

An ovarian follicle is a roughly spheroid cellular aggregation set found in the ovaries.

See In vitro maturation and Ovarian follicle

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a medical condition that can occur in some women who take fertility medication to stimulate egg growth, and in other women in sporadic cases.

See In vitro maturation and Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

Ovarian tissue cryopreservation

Ovarian tissue cryopreservation is cryopreservation of tissue of the ovary of a female.

See In vitro maturation and Ovarian tissue cryopreservation

Polar body

A polar body is a small haploid cell that is formed at the same time as an egg cell during oogenesis, but generally does not have the ability to be fertilized.

See In vitro maturation and Polar body

Polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome, or polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age.

See In vitro maturation and Polycystic ovary syndrome

Transcription activator-like effector nuclease

Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) are restriction enzymes that can be engineered to cut specific sequences of DNA.

See In vitro maturation and Transcription activator-like effector nuclease

Zinc-finger nuclease

Zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) are artificial restriction enzymes generated by fusing a zinc finger DNA-binding domain to a DNA-cleavage domain.

See In vitro maturation and Zinc-finger nuclease

See also

In vitro fertilisation

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_vitro_maturation

Also known as Artificial oocyte maturation, In vitro oocyte maturation.