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Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia, the Glossary

Index Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia

The Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia was a protracted conflict between Russian security forces and militant groups operating in the regions of Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia, located in the North Caucasus region of Russia.[1]

Table of Contents

  1. 83 relations: Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, Achemez Gochiyayev, Alim Zankishiev, Anatoly Kyarov, Anzor Astemirov, Arsen Kanokov, Asker Dzhappuyev, August 2004 Moscow Metro bombing, Baksan (town), Baksan Hydroelectric Power Station, Bay'ah, Boris Ebzeyev, Caucasian Front (militant group), Caucasian Knot, Caucasus Emirate, Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, Chechen–Russian conflict, Chechnya, Chegem, Dagestan, Dmitry Medvedev, Dokka Umarov, FDD's Long War Journal, Federal Security Service, First Chechen War, Galashki, Human Rights Watch, Ibn al-Khattab, Ilyas Gorchkhanov, Ingush people, Ingushetia, Institute for War and Peace Reporting, Insurgency in the North Caucasus, Interfax, International Federation for Human Rights, International Institute for Counter-Terrorism, Islamic International Peacekeeping Brigade, Islamic religious police, Islamic State, Islamic State insurgency in the North Caucasus, Izvestia, Jamestown Foundation, Jihad, Journal of Turkish Weekly, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay-Cherkessia, Kommersant, List of terrorist incidents, Moskovskij Komsomolets, Mount Elbrus, ... Expand index (33 more) »

  2. 2000s in Russia
  3. 2010s in Russia
  4. Caucasian Front (militant group)
  5. Caucasus Emirate
  6. Chechen–Russian conflict
  7. Civil wars in Russia
  8. Conflicts in territory of the former Soviet Union
  9. Insurgencies in Europe
  10. Insurgency in the North Caucasus
  11. Islam in Russia
  12. Kabardino-Balkaria
  13. Military units and formations established in 2002
  14. Second Chechen War
  15. Terrorism in Russia
  16. Wars involving the Circassians

Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi

Ibrahim Awad Ibrahim Ali al-Badri (28 July 197127 October 2019), commonly known by his nom de guerre Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi (translit), was an Iraqi militant who was the first caliph of the Islamic State (IS) from 2014 until his death in 2019.

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Achemez Gochiyayev

Achemez Gochiyayev (born 1970 in Karachayevsk) is a Russian citizen who was accused of organizing the Russian apartment bombings, a series of terrorist acts in 1999 that killed 307 people and led the country into the Second Chechen War.

See Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and Achemez Gochiyayev

Alim Zankishiev

Alim Zankishiev, also known as Emir Ubaidallah, was the leader of the Kabardino-Balkaria-Karachai wing of the Caucasus Emirate organisation in the Russian Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria.

See Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and Alim Zankishiev

Anatoly Kyarov

Anatoly Sultanovich Kyarov (Анатолий Султанович Кяров; 10 November 1957 12 January 2008) was the head of the Russia's Kabardino-Balkaria republic's UBOP (Unit for Fighting Organized Crime).

See Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and Anatoly Kyarov

Anzor Astemirov

Anzor Astemirov (Анзор Астемиров, 3 December 1976 – 24 March 2010), also known as Emir Sayfullah (Sword of God), was an Islamist leader of a terrorist group in the republic of Kabardino-Balkaria, in the North Caucasus. Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and Anzor Astemirov are Caucasian Front (militant group).

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Arsen Kanokov

Arsen Bashirovich Kanokov (Kabardian: Къанокъуэ Арсен, Qanoqwə Arsen; Арсен Баширович Каноков; born February 22, 1957) is a Russian politician, who served as Head of the Kabardino-Balkaria republic from 2005 to 2013.

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Asker Dzhappuyev

Asker Dzhappuyev also known as Emir Abdullah, was the leader of the Jihadist United Vilayat of Kabarda-Balkaria-Karachay organisation in the Russian Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria.

See Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and Asker Dzhappuyev

August 2004 Moscow Metro bombing

The August 2004 Moscow metro bombing took place at about 20:17 MSK on 31 August 2004, when a female suicide bomber blew herself up outside Rizhskaya metro station, killing at least 10 people and wounding 50.

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Baksan (town)

Baksan (Бакса́н; Бэхъсэн) is a town in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Russia, located northwest of Nalchik on the left bank of the Baksan River (Terek's basin).

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Baksan Hydroelectric Power Station

The Baksan Hydroelectric Power Station is a small hydroelectric power station on the Baksan River in Atazhukino, Baksansky District, Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia.

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Bay'ah

Bayʿah (بَيْعَة, "Pledge of allegiance"), in Islamic terminology, is an oath of allegiance to a leader.

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Boris Ebzeyev

Boris Safarovich Ebzeyev (Борис Сафарович Эбзеев; Эбзеланы Сафарны джашы Борис, Ebzelanı Safarnı caşı Boris) is a Russian politician and judge.

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Caucasian Front (militant group)

The Caucasian Front (Кавказский фронт), also known as Caucasus Front or the Caucasian Mujahideen, established in May 2005 as an Islamic structural unit of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria's armed forces by the decree of the fourth president of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, Abdul-Halim Sadulayev. Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and Caucasian Front (militant group) are jihadist groups and Second Chechen War.

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Caucasian Knot

Caucasian Knot (Kavkazkii Uzel) is an online news site that covers the Caucasus region in English and Russian.

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Caucasus Emirate

The Caucasus Emirate (Imarat Kavkaz, IK; Kavkazskiy emirat), also known as the Caucasian Emirate, Emirate of Caucasus, or Islamic Emirate of the Caucasus, was a jihadist organisation active in rebel-held parts of Syria and previously in the North Caucasus region of Russia. Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and Caucasus Emirate are Chechen–Russian conflict, insurgency in the North Caucasus and jihadist groups.

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Chechen Republic of Ichkeria

The Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (Nóxçiyn Respublik Içkeri; Chechenskaya Respublika Ichkeriya; abbreviated as "CHRI" or "CRI"), known simply as Ichkeria, and also known as Chechnya, was a de facto state that controlled most of the former Checheno-Ingush ASSR from 1991 to 2000. Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and Chechen Republic of Ichkeria are Chechen–Russian conflict.

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Chechen–Russian conflict

The Chechen–Russian conflict (Chechensky konflikt; Noxçiyn-Örsiyn dov) was the centuries-long ethnic and political conflict, often armed, between the Russian, Soviet and Imperial Russian governments and various Chechen forces. Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and Chechen–Russian conflict are Civil wars in Russia, history of the North Caucasus and terrorism in Russia.

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Chechnya

Chechnya, officially the Chechen Republic, is a republic of Russia. Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and Chechnya are 1993 establishments in Russia.

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Chegem

Chegem (Чеге́м; Шэджэм; Чегем, Çegem) is a town and the administrative center of Chegemsky District of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Russia, located north of Nalchik, at the elevation of about.

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Dagestan

Dagestan (Дагестан), officially the Republic of Dagestan, is a republic of Russia situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe, along the Caspian Sea.

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Dmitry Medvedev

Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev (born 14 September 1965) is a Russian politician who has been serving as deputy chairman of the Security Council of Russia since 2020.

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Dokka Umarov

Doku Khamatovich Umarov (translit,; Доку Хаматович Умаров, Doku Khamatovich Umarov; 13 April 1964 – 7 September 2013), also known as Dokka Umarov as well as by his Arabized name of Dokka Abu Umar, was a Chechen mujahid in North Caucasus.

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FDD's Long War Journal

FDD's Long War Journal (LWJ) is an American news website, also described as a blog, which reports on the War on terror.

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Federal Security Service

The Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation (FSB or FSS) is the principal security agency of Russia and the main successor agency to the Soviet Union's KGB; its immediate predecessor was the Federal Counterintelligence Service (FSK) which was reorganized into the FSB in 1995.

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First Chechen War

Chechen resistance against Russian imperialism has its origins from 1785 during the time of Sheikh Mansur, the first imam (leader) of the Caucasian peoples. Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and first Chechen War are Chechen–Russian conflict and conflicts in territory of the former Soviet Union.

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Galashki

Galashki is a rural locality (a selo) in Sunzhensky District of the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia, located on the left bank of the Sunzha River near the border with the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania.

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Human Rights Watch

Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization headquartered in New York City that conducts research and advocacy on human rights.

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Ibn al-Khattab

Samir Saleh Abdullah al-Suwailim (سامر صالح عبد الله السويلم; 14 April 1963/1969 – 20 March 2002), commonly known as Ibn al-Khattab or Emir Khattab, was a Saudi Arabian pan-Islamic jihadist.

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Ilyas Gorchkhanov

Ilyas (Ilias) Gorchkhanov (1967 – 13 October 2005) was the first leader of the Ingush Jamaat, which later became part of the Caucasus Front's Ingushetian Sector in Ingushetia of the Second Chechen War. Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and Ilyas Gorchkhanov are Caucasian Front (militant group).

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Ingush people

Ingush (translit, pronounced), historically known as Durdzuks, Gligvi and Kists, are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Republic of Ingushetia in central Caucasus, but also inhabitanting Prigorodny District and town of Vladikavkaz of modern day North-Ossetia.

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Ingushetia

Ingushetia or Ingushetiya, officially the Republic of Ingushetia, is a republic of Russia located in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe. Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and Ingushetia are Islam in Russia.

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Institute for War and Peace Reporting

The Institute for War & Peace Reporting (IWPR) is an independent nonprofit organization that trains and provide publishing opportunities for professional and citizen journalists.

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Insurgency in the North Caucasus

In late 1999, Russia's Premier, Vladimir Putin, ordered military, police and security forces to enter the breakaway region of Chechnya. Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and Insurgency in the North Caucasus are 2000s conflicts, 2000s in Russia, 2010s conflicts, 2010s in Russia, Caucasus Emirate, Chechen–Russian conflict, Civil wars in Russia, conflicts in territory of the former Soviet Union, history of the North Caucasus, Insurgencies in Europe, Second Chechen War and terrorism in Russia.

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Interfax

Interfax (Интерфакс) is a Russian news agency.

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International Federation for Human Rights

The International Federation for Human Rights (Fédération internationale pour les droits humains; FIDH) is a non-governmental federation for human rights organizations.

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International Institute for Counter-Terrorism

The International Institute for Counter-Terrorism (ICT) is a conservative Israeli think tank founded in 1996 and located at Reichman University, in Herzliya, Israel.

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Islamic International Peacekeeping Brigade

The Islamic International Peacekeeping Brigade (Исламская международная миротворческая бригада; IIPB), also known as the Islamic International Brigade and the Islamic Peacekeeping Army was the name of an international Islamist mujahideen organization founded in 1998. Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and Islamic International Peacekeeping Brigade are jihadist groups and Second Chechen War.

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Islamic religious police

Islamic religious police (also sometimes known as morality police or sharia police) are official Islamic vice squad police agencies, often in Muslim-majority countries, which enforce religious observance and public morality on behalf of national or regional authorities based on its interpretation of sharīʿah.

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Islamic State

The Islamic State (IS), also known as the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and by its Arabic acronym Daesh, is a transnational Salafi jihadist group and an unrecognised quasi-state.

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Islamic State insurgency in the North Caucasus

The Islamic State insurgency in the North Caucasus is ongoing terror activity of the Islamic State branch in the North Caucasus after the insurgency of the Caucasus Emirate. Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and Islamic State insurgency in the North Caucasus are insurgency in the North Caucasus and terrorism in Russia.

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Izvestia

Izvestia (p, "The News") is a daily broadsheet newspaper in Russia.

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Jamestown Foundation

The Jamestown Foundation is a Washington, D.C.-based conservative defense policy think tank.

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Jihad

Jihad (jihād) is an Arabic word which literally means "exerting", "striving", or "struggling", especially with a praiseworthy aim.

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Journal of Turkish Weekly

Journal of Turkish Weekly was an English language Turkish news website run by the International Strategic Research Organization, targeted towards policymakers.

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Kabardino-Balkaria

Kabardino-Balkaria (Кабарди́но-Балка́рия), officially the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, is a republic of Russia located in the North Caucasus.

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Karachay-Cherkessia

Karachay-Cherkessia (Karachayevo-Cherkesiya), officially the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, is a republic of Russia located in the North Caucasus.

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Kommersant

(Коммерсантъ,, The Businessman or Commerce Man, often shortened to Ъ) is a nationally distributed daily newspaper published in Russia mostly devoted to politics and business.

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List of terrorist incidents

The following is a list of terrorist incidents that were not carried out by a state or its forces (see state terrorism and state-sponsored terrorism).

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Moskovskij Komsomolets

Moskovskij Komsomolets (lit) is a Moscow-based daily newspaper with a circulation approaching one million, covering general news.

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Mount Elbrus

Mount Elbrus is the highest mountain in Russia and Europe.

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Muslim Atayev

Muslim Atayev (June 24, 1973 – January 27, 2005), also known as Emir Sayfullah, was the founder of the militant organization Yarmuk Jamaat, which later became part of the Caucasus Front's Kabardino-Balkarian Sector in the Russian-held Caucasian Muslim state Kabardino-Balkaria of the Second Chechen War. Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and Muslim Atayev are Caucasian Front (militant group).

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Mustafa Batdyyev

Dr.

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Nalchik

Nalchik (Нальчик; Kabardian: НалщӀэч; Нальчик) is the capital city of Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia, situated at an altitude of in the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains; about northwest of Beslan (Beslan is in the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania).

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NEWSru

NEWSru.com was a Russian independent online news site based in Moscow that was generally critical of the Russian government.

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North Caucasus

The North Caucasus, or Ciscaucasia, is a region in Europe governed by Russia.

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Pankisi

Pankisi (პანკისი) or the Pankisi Gorge (პანკისის ხეობა, Pankisis Kheoba) is a valley region in Georgia, in the upper reaches of River Alazani just south of Georgia’s historic region of Tusheti between Mt Borbalo and the ruined 17th-century fortress of Bakhtrioni.

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Pseudonym

A pseudonym or alias is a fictitious name that a person assumes for a particular purpose, which differs from their original or true name (orthonym).

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Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty

Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL) is an American government-funded international media organization that broadcasts and reports news, information, and analyses to Eastern Europe, Central Asia, the Caucasus, and the Middle East.

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Rashid Nurgaliyev

Rashid Gumarovich Nurgaliyev (Рашид Гумарович Нургалиев Рәшит Гомәр улы Нургалиев; born 8 October 1956) is a Russian general and politician who served as Russia's interior minister from 2003 to 2012.

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Rashid Temrezov

Rashid Borispiyevich Temrezov (Рашид Бориспиевич Темрезов; Темирезланы Борисбийни джашы Рашид) is a Russian politician who is the head of Karachay–Cherkessia since 2011.

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Ratmir Shameyev

Ratmir Erikovich Shameyev (Ратмир Эрикович Шамеев), also known as Emir Zakariya, was a Kabardin Mujahid Emir (commander) fighting in the North Caucasus.

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REGNUM News Agency

REGNUM News Agency is a Russian nationwide online news service disseminating news from Russia and abroad from its own correspondents, affiliate agencies and partners.

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Ruslan Gelayev

Ruslan (Khamzat) Germanovich Gelayev (Руслан Германович Гелаев) was a prominent commander in the Chechen resistance movement against Russia, in which he played a significant, yet controversial, military and political role in the 1990s and early 2000s.

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Second Chechen War

The Second Chechen War is also known as the Second Chechen Campaign (Втора́я чече́нская кампа́ния) or the Second Russian Invasion of Chechnya from the Chechen insurgents' point of view. Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and Second Chechen War are 2000s conflicts, Chechen–Russian conflict and conflicts in territory of the former Soviet Union.

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Shamil Basayev

Shamil Salmanovich Basayev (Салман ВоӀ Шамиль; Salman Voj Şamil; Шамиль Салманович Басаев; 14 January 1965 – 10 July 2006), also known by his kunya "Abu Idris", was a Chechen guerilla leader who served as a senior military commander in the breakaway Chechen Republic of Ichkeria.

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Taliban

The Taliban (lit), which also refers to itself by its state name, the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, is an Afghan militant movement with an ideology comprising elements of Pashtun nationalism and the Deobandi movement of Islamic fundamentalism.

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TASS

The Russian News Agency TASS, or simply TASS, is a Russian state-owned news agency founded in 1904.

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Terrorism in Russia

Terrorism in Russia has a long history starting from the time of the Russian Empire.

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The St. Petersburg Times (Russia)

The St.

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Uchkeken

Uchkeken (Учкекен; Ючкёкен, Yuçköken) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Malokarachayevsky District in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Russia.

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United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) is a United Nations agency mandated to aid and protect refugees, forcibly displaced communities, and stateless people, and to assist in their voluntary repatriation, local integration or resettlement to a third country.

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United Vilayat of Kabarda, Balkaria and Karachay

The United Vilayat of Kabarda-Balkaria-Karachay (UVKBK, Объединенный вилайят Кабарды, Балкарии и Карачая), also known as Vilayat KBK, was a militant Islamist Jihadist organization connected to numerous attacks against the local and federal security forces in the Russian republics of Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia in the North Caucasus. Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and United Vilayat of Kabarda, Balkaria and Karachay are 1993 establishments in Russia, Caucasian Front (militant group), Caucasus Emirate, Islam in Russia, jihadist groups, Kabardino-Balkaria and military units and formations established in 2002.

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Valery Kokov

Valery Mukhamedovich Kokov (КӀуэкӀуэ Мухьэмэд и къуэ Валерий, K'uək'uə Muhəməd i Quə Valeriy October 18, 1941 – October 29, 2005) was a Soviet and Russian politician of Kabardian ethnicity.

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Vladimir Putin

Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (born 7 October 1952) is a Russian politician and former intelligence officer who is the president of Russia.

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Vladimir Semyonov (general)

Vladimir Magomedovich Semyonov (Владимир Магомедович Семёнов; Семенланы Магометни джашы Владимир) (b. 1940) is a Russian General of the army and the first president of the Karachay–Cherkess Republic (1999–2003).

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Wahhabism

Wahhabism (translit) is a reformist religious movement within Sunni Islam, based on the teachings of 18th-century Hanbali cleric Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab.

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War in Dagestan (1999)

The 1999 war in Dagestan, also known as the Dagestan incursions (Война в Дагестане), was an armed conflict that began when the Chechen-based Islamic International Peacekeeping Brigade (IIPB), an Islamist group led by Shamil Basayev, Ibn al-Khattab, Ramzan Akhmadov and Arbi Barayev, invaded the neighboring Russian republic of Dagestan on 7 August 1999, in support of the Shura of Dagestan separatist rebels. Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and war in Dagestan (1999) are Civil wars in Russia.

See Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and War in Dagestan (1999)

Yury Kokov

Yury Alexandrovich Kokov (K'uək'uə Aleksandr yi quə Yurə; Юрий Александрович Коков; born August 13, 1955) is a Russian politician who served as Head of Kabardino-Balkaria from 2013 to 2018. Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and Yury Kokov are Kabardino-Balkaria.

See Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and Yury Kokov

Zalim Shebzukhov

Zalim Borisovich Shebzukhov (Залим Борисович Шебзухов; 6 October 1986 – 17 August 2016) was an Kabardin Islamist from Kabardino-Balkaria, North Caucasus, and a leader of the Caucasus Emirate militant group.

See Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and Zalim Shebzukhov

Zarema Muzhakhoyeva

Zarema Muzhakhoyeva (also transliterated as Muzhikhoeva;; born 1980) is an Ingush woman and would-be shahidka (female suicide bomber) who surrendered to Moscow police on July 9, 2003, instead of blowing herself up.

See Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and Zarema Muzhakhoyeva

1999 Russian apartment bombings

In September 1999, a series of explosions hit four apartment blocks in the Russian cities of Buynaksk, Moscow, and Volgodonsk, killing more than 300, injuring more than 1,000, and spreading a wave of fear across the country. Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and 1999 Russian apartment bombings are Chechen–Russian conflict and Second Chechen War.

See Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and 1999 Russian apartment bombings

2004 Nalchik raid

The 2004 Nalchik raid was an armed attack against headquarters of the regional branch of the Federal Drug Control Service (FSKN) in Nalchik, capital of the Russian republic of Kabardino-Balkaria in the North Caucasus, which took place at about 3 to 6 a.m. of December 14, 2004. Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and 2004 Nalchik raid are Kabardino-Balkaria.

See Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and 2004 Nalchik raid

2005 raid on Nalchik

The 2005 raid on Nalchik was a raid by a large group of Islamic militants on Nalchik (pop. 250,000), in the Kabardino-Balkar Republic (KBR) of southern Russia, on 13 October 2005. Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and 2005 raid on Nalchik are Caucasian Front (militant group) and Kabardino-Balkaria.

See Insurgency in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and 2005 raid on Nalchik

See also

2000s in Russia

2010s in Russia

Caucasian Front (militant group)

Caucasus Emirate

Chechen–Russian conflict

Civil wars in Russia

Conflicts in territory of the former Soviet Union

Insurgencies in Europe

Insurgency in the North Caucasus

Islam in Russia

Kabardino-Balkaria

Military units and formations established in 2002

Second Chechen War

Terrorism in Russia

Wars involving the Circassians

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insurgency_in_Kabardino-Balkaria_and_Karachay-Cherkessia

, Muslim Atayev, Mustafa Batdyyev, Nalchik, NEWSru, North Caucasus, Pankisi, Pseudonym, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, Rashid Nurgaliyev, Rashid Temrezov, Ratmir Shameyev, REGNUM News Agency, Ruslan Gelayev, Second Chechen War, Shamil Basayev, Taliban, TASS, Terrorism in Russia, The St. Petersburg Times (Russia), Uchkeken, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, United Vilayat of Kabarda, Balkaria and Karachay, Valery Kokov, Vladimir Putin, Vladimir Semyonov (general), Wahhabism, War in Dagestan (1999), Yury Kokov, Zalim Shebzukhov, Zarema Muzhakhoyeva, 1999 Russian apartment bombings, 2004 Nalchik raid, 2005 raid on Nalchik.