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Ion Vinea, the Glossary

Index Ion Vinea

Ion Vinea (born Ioan Eugen Iovanaki, sometimes Iovanache; April 17, 1895 – July 6, 1964) was a Romanian poet, novelist, journalist, literary theorist, and political figure.[1]

Table of Contents

  1. 451 relations: A. L. Zissu, Abstract art, Abulia, Adevărul, Adolf Hitler, Adrian Maniu, Aestheticism, Al. T. Stamatiad, Albert Samain, Alexander the Great, Alexandru A. Philippide, Alexandru Bogdan-Pitești, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Alexandru Macedonski, Alexandru Piru, Alexandru Rosetti, Alexandru Sahia, Alfred Hefter, Alfred Jarry, Allies of World War I, Allies of World War II, Amateur boxing, Anatol E. Baconsky, Anatoly Lunacharsky, André Breton, André Gide, Andrei Oișteanu, Anna de Noailles, Anti-art, Anti-communism, Anti-fascism, Anti-Sovietism, Anti-Stalinist left, Anton Chekhov, Apostrof, Armand Călinescu, Aromanians, Art manifesto, August Strindberg, Autofiction, Axis powers, École Centrale Paris, Babeș-Bolyai University, Balkans, Battle of Moscow, Battle of Transylvania, Bellu Cemetery, Benjamin Fondane, Berenice (short story), Bildungsroman, ... Expand index (401 more) »

  2. 20th-century Romanian diarists
  3. Adevărul columnists
  4. Adevărul editors
  5. Contimporanul writers
  6. Deaths from cancer in Romania
  7. Decadent literature
  8. English–Romanian translators
  9. Expressionist poets
  10. French–Romanian translators
  11. Futurist writers
  12. Gândirea
  13. Latin–Romanian translators
  14. People from Giurgiu
  15. Plasterers
  16. Psychological fiction writers
  17. Republicanism in the Kingdom of Romania
  18. Romanian Naval Forces personnel
  19. Romanian World War I poets
  20. Romanian activist journalists
  21. Romanian anti–World War I activists
  22. Romanian art collectors
  23. Romanian erotica writers
  24. Romanian fantasy writers
  25. Romanian historical novelists
  26. Romanian human rights activists
  27. Romanian people of French descent
  28. Romanian surrealist writers
  29. Romanian torture victims
  30. Romanian trade union leaders
  31. Romanian war correspondents of World War II
  32. Russian–Romanian translators
  33. Socialist Republic of Romania rehabilitations
  34. Symbolist novelists
  35. Translators from Icelandic
  36. Translators from Swedish
  37. Translators of Edgar Allan Poe

A. L. Zissu

Abraham Leib Zissu (first name also Avram, middle name also Leiba or Leibu; אברהם לייב זיסו; January 25, 1888 – September 6, 1956) was a Romanian writer, political essayist, industrialist, and spokesman of the Jewish Romanian community. Ion Vinea and a. L. Zissu are 20th-century Romanian diarists, 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century essayists, 20th-century memoirists, anti-Stalinist left, Censorship in Romania, futurist writers, people detained by the Securitate, people who rescued Jews during the Holocaust, Romanian activist journalists, Romanian anti-communists, Romanian essayists, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male poets, Romanian male short story writers, Romanian memoirists, Romanian newspaper editors, Romanian propagandists, Romanian short story writers, Romanian socialists, Romanian torture victims and Romanian translators.

See Ion Vinea and A. L. Zissu

Abstract art

Abstract art uses visual language of shape, form, color and line to create a composition which may exist with a degree of independence from visual references in the world.

See Ion Vinea and Abstract art

Abulia

In neurology, abulia, or aboulia (from βουλή, meaning "will"),Bailly, A. (2000).

See Ion Vinea and Abulia

Adevărul

(meaning "The Truth", formerly spelled Adevĕrul) is a Romanian daily newspaper, based in Bucharest. Ion Vinea and Adevărul are Republicanism in the Kingdom of Romania.

See Ion Vinea and Adevărul

Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 until his suicide in 1945.

See Ion Vinea and Adolf Hitler

Adrian Maniu

Adrian Maniu (February 6, 1891 – April 20, 1968) was a Romanian poet, prose writer, playwright, essayist, and translator. Ion Vinea and Adrian Maniu are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian poets, Romanian art critics, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male poets, Romanian military personnel of World War I, Romanian newspaper editors and Romanian translators.

See Ion Vinea and Adrian Maniu

Aestheticism

Aestheticism (also known as the aesthetic movement) was an art movement in the late 19th century that valued the appearance of literature, music, fonts and the arts over their functions.

See Ion Vinea and Aestheticism

Al. T. Stamatiad

Al. Ion Vinea and Al. T. Stamatiad are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century essayists, 20th-century memoirists, English–Romanian translators, French–Romanian translators, Romanian World War I poets, Romanian essayists, Romanian fantasy writers, Romanian literary critics, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male poets, Romanian male short story writers, Romanian memoirists, Romanian short story writers, Romanian translators and symbolist poets.

See Ion Vinea and Al. T. Stamatiad

Albert Samain

Albert Victor Samain (3 April 185818 August 1900) was a French poet and writer of the Symbolist school. Ion Vinea and Albert Samain are symbolist poets.

See Ion Vinea and Albert Samain

Alexander the Great

Alexander III of Macedon (Alexandros; 20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), most commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon.

See Ion Vinea and Alexander the Great

Alexandru A. Philippide

Alexandru A. Philippide (April 1, 1900 – February 8, 1979) was a Romanian poet. Ion Vinea and Alexandru A. Philippide are 20th-century Romanian poets, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University alumni, Romanian male poets and Romanian translators.

See Ion Vinea and Alexandru A. Philippide

Alexandru Bogdan-Pitești

Alexandru Bogdan-Pitești (born Alexandru Bogdan, also known as Ion Doican, Ion Duican and Al. Dodan; June 13, 1870 – May 12, 1922) was a Romanian Symbolist poet, essayist, and art and literary critic, who was also known as a journalist and left-wing political agitator. Ion Vinea and Alexandru Bogdan-Pitești are 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century essayists, Romanian art collectors, Romanian art critics, Romanian essayists, Romanian literary critics, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male poets, Romanian newspaper editors, Romanian nobility, Romanian prisoners and detainees, Romanian propagandists, Romanian socialists, Romanian writers in French and symbolist poets.

See Ion Vinea and Alexandru Bogdan-Pitești

Alexandru Ioan Cuza University

The Alexandru Ioan Cuza University (Romanian: Universitatea „Alexandru Ioan Cuza"; acronym: UAIC) is a public university located in Iași, Romania.

See Ion Vinea and Alexandru Ioan Cuza University

Alexandru Macedonski

Alexandru Macedonski (also rendered as Al. A. Macedonski, Macedonschi or Macedonsky; 14 March 1854 – 24 November 1920) was a Romanian poet, novelist, dramatist and literary critic, known especially for having promoted French Symbolism in his native country, and for leading the Romanian Symbolist movement during its early decades. Ion Vinea and Alexandru Macedonski are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century essayists, English–Romanian translators, French–Romanian translators, Republicanism in the Kingdom of Romania, Romanian erotica writers, Romanian essayists, Romanian fantasy writers, Romanian humorists, Romanian literary critics, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male poets, Romanian male short story writers, Romanian memoirists, Romanian newspaper editors, Romanian nobility, Romanian short story writers, Romanian translators, Romanian writers in French, symbolist novelists and symbolist poets.

See Ion Vinea and Alexandru Macedonski

Alexandru Piru

Alexandru Piru (August 22, 1917 – November 6, 1993) was a Romanian literary critic and historian. Ion Vinea and Alexandru Piru are Alexandru Ioan Cuza University alumni, Romanian literary critics, Romanian magazine editors and Romanian novelists.

See Ion Vinea and Alexandru Piru

Alexandru Rosetti

Alexandru Rosetti (October 20, 1895 – February 27, 1990) was a Romanian linguist, editor, and memoirist. Ion Vinea and Alexandru Rosetti are Romanian magazine editors, Romanian military personnel of World War I and Romanian writers in French.

See Ion Vinea and Alexandru Rosetti

Alexandru Sahia

Alexandru Sahia (pen name of Alexandru Stănescu; October 11, 1908 – August 12, 1937) was a Romanian journalist and short story writer. Ion Vinea and Alexandru Sahia are Romanian male short story writers, Romanian short story writers and Saint Sava National College alumni.

See Ion Vinea and Alexandru Sahia

Alfred Hefter

Alfred Hefter (last name also Hefter-Hidalgo) (1892 in Iași – 1957 in Rome) was a Romanian poet, journalist, and writer of Jewish descent. Ion Vinea and Alfred Hefter are Romanian newspaper editors.

See Ion Vinea and Alfred Hefter

Alfred Jarry

Alfred Jarry (8 September 1873 – 1 November 1907) was a French symbolist writer who is best known for his play Ubu Roi (1896), often cited as a forerunner of the Dada, Surrealist, and Futurist movements of the 1920s and 1930s and later the Theatre of the absurd In the 1950s and 1960s He also coined the term and philosophical concept of 'pataphysics.

See Ion Vinea and Alfred Jarry

Allies of World War I

The Allies, the Entente or the Triple Entente was an international military coalition of countries led by France, the United Kingdom, Russia, the United States, Italy, and Japan against the Central Powers of Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria in World War I (1914–1918).

See Ion Vinea and Allies of World War I

Allies of World War II

The Allies, formally referred to as the United Nations from 1942, were an international military coalition formed during World War II (1939–1945) to oppose the Axis powers.

See Ion Vinea and Allies of World War II

Amateur boxing

Amateur boxing is the variant of boxing practiced in clubs and associations around the world, at the Olympic Games, Pan American Games and Commonwealth Games, as well as at the collegiate level.

See Ion Vinea and Amateur boxing

Anatol E. Baconsky

Anatol E. Baconsky (June 16, 1925 – March 4, 1977), also known as A. E. Bakonsky, Baconschi or Baconski, was a Romanian modernist poet, essayist, translator, novelist, publisher, literary and art critic. Ion Vinea and Anatol E. Baconsky are 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century essayists, Censorship in Romania, Romanian art collectors, Romanian art critics, Romanian essayists, Romanian fantasy writers, Romanian literary critics, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male poets, Romanian surrealist writers, Romanian translators and socialist realism writers.

See Ion Vinea and Anatol E. Baconsky

Anatoly Lunacharsky

Anatoly Vasilyevich Lunacharsky (Анато́лий Васи́льевич Лунача́рский, born Anatoly Aleksandrovich Antonov; – 26 December 1933) was a Russian Marxist revolutionary and the first Bolshevik Soviet People's Commissar (Narkompros) responsible for the Ministry of Education as well as an active playwright, critic, essayist, and journalist throughout his career.

See Ion Vinea and Anatoly Lunacharsky

André Breton

André Robert Breton (19 February 1896 – 28 September 1966) was a French writer and poet, the co-founder, leader, and principal theorist of surrealism.

See Ion Vinea and André Breton

André Gide

André Paul Guillaume Gide (22 November 1869 – 19 February 1951) was a French author whose writings spanned a wide variety of styles and topics. Ion Vinea and André Gide are anti-Stalinist left.

See Ion Vinea and André Gide

Andrei Oișteanu

Andrei Oișteanu (born September 18, 1948) is a Romanian historian of religions and mentalities, ethnologist, cultural anthropologist, literary critic and novelist. Ion Vinea and Andrei Oișteanu are Romanian essayists, Romanian literary critics and Romanian novelists.

See Ion Vinea and Andrei Oișteanu

Anna de Noailles

Anna, Comtesse Mathieu de Noailles (Anna Elisabeth Bibesco-Bassaraba de Brancovan) (15 November 1876 – 30 April 1933) was a French writer of Romanian and Greek descent, a poet and a socialist feminist. Ion Vinea and Anna de Noailles are Romanian writers in French.

See Ion Vinea and Anna de Noailles

Anti-art

Anti-art is a loosely used term applied to an array of concepts and attitudes that reject prior definitions of art and question art in general.

See Ion Vinea and Anti-art

Anti-communism

Anti-communism is political and ideological opposition to communist beliefs, groups, and individuals.

See Ion Vinea and Anti-communism

Anti-fascism

Anti-fascism is a political movement in opposition to fascist ideologies, groups and individuals.

See Ion Vinea and Anti-fascism

Anti-Sovietism

Anti-Sovietism (translit) or anti-Soviet sentiment refers to persons and activities that were actually or allegedly aimed against the Soviet Union or government power within the Soviet Union.

See Ion Vinea and Anti-Sovietism

Anti-Stalinist left

The anti-Stalinist left is a term that refers to various kinds of Marxist political movements that oppose Joseph Stalin, Stalinism, Neo-Stalinism and the system of governance that Stalin implemented as leader of the Soviet Union between 1924 and 1953.

See Ion Vinea and Anti-Stalinist left

Anton Chekhov

Anton Pavlovich Chekhov (29 January 1860 – 15 July 1904) was a Russian playwright and short-story writer.

See Ion Vinea and Anton Chekhov

Apostrof

Apostrof (Romanian for "Apostrophe") is a monthly literary magazine published in Cluj-Napoca, Romania under the Romanian Writers' Union patronage.

See Ion Vinea and Apostrof

Armand Călinescu

Armand Călinescu (4 June 1893 – 21 September 1939) was a Romanian economist and politician, who served as 39th Prime Minister from March 1939 until his assassination six months later. Ion Vinea and Armand Călinescu are members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania), national Peasants' Party politicians and Romanian anti-communists.

See Ion Vinea and Armand Călinescu

Aromanians

The Aromanians (Armãnji, Rrãmãnji) are an ethnic group native to the southern Balkans who speak Aromanian, an Eastern Romance language.

See Ion Vinea and Aromanians

Art manifesto

An art manifesto is a public declaration of the intentions, motives, or views of an artist or artistic movement.

See Ion Vinea and Art manifesto

August Strindberg

Johan August Strindberg (22 January 184914 May 1912) was a Swedish playwright, novelist, poet, essayist, and painter. Ion Vinea and August Strindberg are 20th-century essayists, 20th-century memoirists, literary theorists and psychological fiction writers.

See Ion Vinea and August Strindberg

Autofiction

Autofiction is, in literary criticism, a form of fictionalized autobiography.

See Ion Vinea and Autofiction

Axis powers

The Axis powers, originally called the Rome–Berlin Axis and also Rome–Berlin–Tokyo Axis, was a military coalition that initiated World War II and fought against the Allies.

See Ion Vinea and Axis powers

École Centrale Paris

italic (ECP; also known as italic or Centrale) was a French grande école in engineering and science.

See Ion Vinea and École Centrale Paris

Babeș-Bolyai University

The Babeș-Bolyai University (Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai, Babeș-Bolyai Tudományegyetem, commonly known as UBB) is a public research university located in Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

See Ion Vinea and Babeș-Bolyai University

Balkans

The Balkans, corresponding partially with the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographical area in southeastern Europe with various geographical and historical definitions.

See Ion Vinea and Balkans

Battle of Moscow

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See Ion Vinea and Battle of Moscow

Battle of Transylvania

The Battle of Transylvania was the first major operation of Romania during World War I, beginning on 27 August 1916.

See Ion Vinea and Battle of Transylvania

Bellu Cemetery

Șerban Vodă Cemetery (commonly known as Bellu Cemetery) is the largest and most famous cemetery in Bucharest, Romania.

See Ion Vinea and Bellu Cemetery

Benjamin Fondane

Benjamin Fondane or Benjamin Fundoianu (born Benjamin Wechsler, Wexler or Vecsler, first name also Beniamin or Barbu, usually abridged to B.; November 14, 1898 – October 2, 1944) was a Romanian and French poet, critic and existentialist philosopher, also noted for his work in film and theater. Ion Vinea and Benjamin Fondane are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian poets, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University alumni, Contimporanul writers, Expressionist poets, French–Romanian translators, Romanian World War I poets, Romanian anti-communists, Romanian art critics, Romanian essayists, Romanian literary critics, Romanian male poets, Romanian male short story writers, Romanian short story writers, Romanian surrealist writers, Romanian translators, Romanian writers in French and symbolist poets.

See Ion Vinea and Benjamin Fondane

Berenice (short story)

"Berenice" is a short horror story by American writer Edgar Allan Poe, first published in the Southern Literary Messenger in 1835.

See Ion Vinea and Berenice (short story)

Bildungsroman

In literary criticism, a Bildungsroman (plural Bildungsromane) is a literary genre that focuses on the psychological and moral growth of the protagonist from childhood to adulthood (coming of age), in which character change is important.

See Ion Vinea and Bildungsroman

Black Sea

The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia.

See Ion Vinea and Black Sea

Blacklisting

Blacklisting is the action of a group or authority compiling a blacklist of people, countries or other entities to be avoided or distrusted as being deemed unacceptable to those making the list; if people are on a blacklist, then they are considered to have done something wrong, or they are considered to be untrustworthy.

See Ion Vinea and Blacklisting

Brașov

Brașov (Kronstadt, also Brasau; Brassó; Corona; Transylvanian Saxon: Kruhnen) is a city in Transylvania, Romania and the county seat (i.e. administrative centre) of Brașov County.

See Ion Vinea and Brașov

Brill Publishers

Brill Academic Publishers, also known as E. J. Brill, Koninklijke Brill, Brill, is a Dutch international academic publisher of books and journals.

See Ion Vinea and Brill Publishers

Bucharest

Bucharest (București) is the capital and largest city of Romania.

See Ion Vinea and Bucharest

Bukovina

BukovinaBukowina or Buchenland; Bukovina; Bukowina; Bucovina; Bukovyna; see also other languages.

See Ion Vinea and Bukovina

Byzantinism

Byzantinism, or Byzantism, is the political system and culture of the Byzantine Empire, and its spiritual successors the Orthodox Christian Balkan countries of Greece and Bulgaria especially, and to a lesser extent Serbia and some other Orthodox countries in Eastern Europe like Belarus, Georgia, Russia and Ukraine.

See Ion Vinea and Byzantinism

Cabaret Voltaire (Zürich)

Cabaret Voltaire was the name of a short-lived nightclub in Zürich, Switzerland in 1916, revived in the 21st century.

See Ion Vinea and Cabaret Voltaire (Zürich)

Camil Petrescu

Camil Petrescu (9/21 April 1894 – 14 May 1957) was a Romanian playwright, novelist, philosopher and poet. Ion Vinea and Camil Petrescu are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, Romanian military personnel of World War I and Saint Sava National College alumni.

See Ion Vinea and Camil Petrescu

Capital punishment in Romania

Capital punishment in Romania was abolished in 1990, and has been prohibited by the Constitution of Romania since 1991.

See Ion Vinea and Capital punishment in Romania

Carol II of Romania

Carol II (4 April 1953) was King of Romania from 8 June 1930, until his forced abdication on 6 September 1940. Ion Vinea and Carol II of Romania are Romanian anti-communists and Romanian people of French descent.

See Ion Vinea and Carol II of Romania

Cartea Românească

Cartea Românească ("The Romanian Book") is a publishing house in Bucharest, Romania, founded in 1919.

See Ion Vinea and Cartea Românească

Casa Capșa

Casa Capșa is a historic restaurant in Bucharest, Romania, first established in 1852.

See Ion Vinea and Casa Capșa

Censorship in Communist Romania

Censorship in Communist Romania occurred during the Socialist Republic in two stages: under the first Communist president Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej (1947–1965) and the second and last Communist president Nicolae Ceaușescu (1965–1989). Ion Vinea and Censorship in Communist Romania are Censorship in Romania.

See Ion Vinea and Censorship in Communist Romania

Central Powers

The Central Powers, also known as the Central Empires,Mittelmächte; Központi hatalmak; İttıfâq Devletleri, Bağlaşma Devletleri; translit were one of the two main coalitions that fought in World War I (1914–1918).

See Ion Vinea and Central Powers

Cezar Petrescu

Cezar Petrescu (December 1, 1892–March 9, 1961) was a Romanian journalist, novelist, and children's writer. Ion Vinea and Cezar Petrescu are 20th-century Romanian politicians, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University alumni, Gândirea, national Peasants' Party politicians, Romanian magazine editors and Romanian newspaper editors.

See Ion Vinea and Cezar Petrescu

Chamber of Deputies (Romania)

The Chamber of Deputies (Camera Deputaților) is the lower house in Romania's bicameral parliament.

See Ion Vinea and Chamber of Deputies (Romania)

Charles Baudelaire

Charles Pierre Baudelaire (9 April 1821 – 31 August 1867) was a French poet who also worked as an essayist, art critic and translator. Ion Vinea and Charles Baudelaire are Decadent literature, symbolist poets and translators of Edgar Allan Poe.

See Ion Vinea and Charles Baudelaire

Civil marriage

A civil marriage is a marriage performed, recorded, and recognized by a government official.

See Ion Vinea and Civil marriage

Clara Haskil

Clara Haskil (7 January 1895 – 7 December 1960) was a Romanian classical pianist, renowned as an interpreter of the classical and early romantic repertoire.

See Ion Vinea and Clara Haskil

Claudia Millian

Claudia Millian (also Millian-Minulescu; February 21, 1887 – September 21, 1961) was a Romanian poet. Ion Vinea and Claudia Millian are 20th-century Romanian poets and Romanian people of Greek descent.

See Ion Vinea and Claudia Millian

Closet drama

A closet drama is a play that is not intended to be performed onstage, but read by a solitary reader or sometimes out loud in a large group.

See Ion Vinea and Closet drama

Cocaine

Cocaine (from, from, ultimately from Quechua: kúka) is a tropane alkaloid that acts as a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant.

See Ion Vinea and Cocaine

Collaborative fiction

Collaborative fiction is a form of writing by a group of authors who share creative control of a story.

See Ion Vinea and Collaborative fiction

Communist International

The Communist International (Comintern), also known as the Third International, was an international organization founded in 1919 that advocated world communism, and which was led and controlled by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

See Ion Vinea and Communist International

Conducător

Conducător ("Leader") was the title used officially by Romanian dictator Ion Antonescu during World War II, also occasionally used in official discourse to refer to Carol II and Nicolae Ceaușescu.

See Ion Vinea and Conducător

Constanța

Constanța (Custantsa; Kyustendzha, or label; Dobrujan Tatar: Köstencĭ; Kōnstántza, or label; Köstence), historically known as Tomis or Tomi (Τόμις or Τόμοι), is a port city in the Dobruja historical region of Romania.

See Ion Vinea and Constanța

Constantin Banu

Constantin Gheorghe Banu (March 20, 1873 – September 8, 1940) was a Romanian writer, journalist and politician, who served as Arts and Religious Affairs Minister in 1922–1923. Ion Vinea and Constantin Banu are 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century essayists, members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania), Romanian essayists, Romanian humorists, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male poets, Romanian memoirists, Romanian newspaper editors, Romanian people of French descent, Romanian people of Greek descent and Saint Sava National College alumni.

See Ion Vinea and Constantin Banu

Constantin Beldie

Constantin Dumitru Beldie (September 8, 1887 – June 11, 1954) was a Romanian journalist, publicist, and civil servant, famous for his libertine lifestyle and his unapologetic, sarcastic, memoirs of life in the early 20th century. Ion Vinea and Constantin Beldie are 20th-century essayists, Censorship in Romania, Romanian essayists, Romanian humorists, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian military personnel of World War I, Romanian newspaper editors and Romanian translators.

See Ion Vinea and Constantin Beldie

Constantin Brâncuși

Constantin Brâncuși (February 19, 1876 – March 16, 1957) was a Romanian sculptor, painter, and photographer who made his career in France.

See Ion Vinea and Constantin Brâncuși

Constructivism (art)

Constructivism is an early twentieth-century art movement founded in 1915 by Vladimir Tatlin and Alexander Rodchenko.

See Ion Vinea and Constructivism (art)

Contemporanul

Contemporanul (The Contemporary) was a Romanian literary magazine published in Iaşi, Romania, from 1881 to 1891.

See Ion Vinea and Contemporanul

Contimporanul

Contimporanul (antiquated spelling of the Romanian word for "the Contemporary", singular masculine form) was a Romanian (initially a weekly and later a monthly) avant-garde literary and art magazine, published in Bucharest between June 1922 and 1932.

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Corneliu Coposu

Corneliu (Cornel) Coposu (20 May 1914 – 11 November 1995) was a Christian Democratic and liberal conservative Romanian politician, the founder of the Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party (Partidul Național Țărănesc Creștin Democrat), the founder of the Romanian Democratic Convention (Convenția Democratică), and a political detainee during the communist regime. Ion Vinea and Corneliu Coposu are 20th-century Romanian politicians, national Peasants' Party politicians and Romanian anti-communists.

See Ion Vinea and Corneliu Coposu

Corporatism

Corporatism is a political system of interest representation and policymaking whereby corporate groups, such as agricultural, labour, military, business, scientific, or guild associations, come together on and negotiate contracts or policy (collective bargaining) on the basis of their common interests.

See Ion Vinea and Corporatism

Council communism

Council communism or Councilism is a current of communist thought that emerged in the 1920s. Ion Vinea and Council communism are anti-Stalinist left.

See Ion Vinea and Council communism

Craii de Curtea-Veche

Craii de Curtea-Veche (known in English as Rakes of the Old Court or Gallants of the Old Court) is a novel by the inter-war Romanian author Mateiu Caragiale.

See Ion Vinea and Craii de Curtea-Veche

Cubism

Cubism is an early-20th-century avant-garde art movement begun in Paris that revolutionized painting and the visual arts, and influenced artistic innovations in music, ballet, literature, and architecture.

See Ion Vinea and Cubism

Cult of personality

A cult of personality, or a cult of the leader,Mudde, Cas and Kaltwasser, Cristóbal Rovira (2017) Populism: A Very Short Introduction.

See Ion Vinea and Cult of personality

Curentul

Curentul is a Romanian newspaper, based in Bucharest.

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Cuvântul

Cuvântul (meaning "The Word") was a daily newspaper, published by philosopher Nae Ionescu in Bucharest, Romania, from 1926 to 1934, and again in 1938.

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Cuvântul Liber (1924)

Cuvântul Liber (Romanian for "The Free Word") was a Romanian political and cultural weekly published by Eugen Filotti from 1924 to 1925Cuvîntul liber (1919–1936), Manuscriptum, 1971, Nr.

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Dacianism

Dacianism is a Romanian term describing the tendency to ascribe, largely relying on questionable data and subjective interpretation, an idealized past to the country as a whole.

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Dactylic hexameter

Dactylic hexameter (also known as heroic hexameter and the meter of epic) is a form of meter or rhythmic scheme frequently used in Ancient Greek and Latin poetry.

See Ion Vinea and Dactylic hexameter

Dada

Dada or Dadaism was an art movement of the European avant-garde in the early 20th century, with early centres in Zürich, Switzerland, at the Cabaret Voltaire (in 1916), founded by Hugo Ball with his companion Emmy Hennings, and in Berlin in 1917.

See Ion Vinea and Dada

Danube

The Danube (see also other names) is the second-longest river in Europe, after the Volga in Russia.

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De Stijl

De Stijl (Dutch for "The Style"), incorporating the ideas of Neoplasticism, was a Dutch art movement founded in 1917 in Leiden, consisting of artists and architects.

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Dealul Spirii

Dealul Spirii (Spirea's Hill) is a hill in Bucharest, Romania, the location of the Palace of the Parliament, initially built by Ceauşescu as the House of the People.

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Decadent movement

The Decadent movement (from the French décadence) was a late 19th-century artistic and literary movement, centered in Western Europe, that followed an aesthetic ideology of excess and artificiality. Ion Vinea and Decadent movement are Decadent literature.

See Ion Vinea and Decadent movement

Dem I. Dobrescu

Dem I. Dobrescu (usual rendition of Demetru Ion Dobrescu; 1869 – 1948) was a Romanian left-wing politician who served as Mayor of Bucharest between February 1929 and January 1934. Ion Vinea and Dem I. Dobrescu are 20th-century Romanian politicians, national Peasants' Party politicians, Romanian human rights activists and Romanian socialists.

See Ion Vinea and Dem I. Dobrescu

Dem. Theodorescu

Dem. Ion Vinea and Dem. Theodorescu are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century essayists, Adevărul editors, Censorship in Romania, French–Romanian translators, Romanian erotica writers, Romanian essayists, Romanian humorists, Romanian literary critics, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian newspaper editors, Romanian prisoners and detainees, Romanian propagandists, Romanian socialists and Romanian translators.

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Demostene Botez

Demostene Botez (July 2, 1893 – March 18, 1973) was a Romanian poet and prose writer. Ion Vinea and Demostene Botez are 20th-century Romanian poets, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University alumni, members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania), Romanian magazine editors, Romanian military personnel of World War I, Romanian translators and symbolist poets.

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Der Sturm

Der Sturm was a German avant-garde art and literary magazine founded by Herwarth Walden, covering Expressionism, Cubism, Dada and Surrealism, among other artistic movements.

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Die Aktion

Die Aktion ("The Action") was a German literary and political magazine, edited by Franz Pfemfert and published between 1911 and 1932 in Berlin-Wilmersdorf; it promoted literary Expressionism and stood for left-wing politics.

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Diethyl ether

Diethyl ether, or simply ether, is an organic compound with the chemical formula, sometimes abbreviated as.

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Dilema veche

Dilema veche (English: "Old Dilemma") is a Romanian weekly magazine that covers culture, social topics, and politics.

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Dimitrie Anghel

Dimitrie Anghel (July 16, 1872 – November 13, 1914) was a Romanian poet. Ion Vinea and Dimitrie Anghel are 20th-century Romanian poets and Romanian male poets.

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Dimitrie Cariagdi

Dimitrie Cariagdi (1815 – October 9, 1894) was a Principality of Wallachia and later Romanian politician and lawyer. Ion Vinea and Dimitrie Cariagdi are members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania).

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Dorobanți

Dorobanți is a neighborhood in Sector 1, Bucharest.

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Drăgănești, Prahova

Drăgănești is a commune in Prahova County, Muntenia, Romania.

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Dreptatea

Dreptatea was a Romanian newspaper that appeared between 17 October 1927 and 17 July 1947, as a newspaper of the National Peasants' Party.

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Eastern Front (World War II)

The Eastern Front, also known as the Great Patriotic War in the Soviet Union and its successor states, and the German–Soviet War in contemporary German and Ukrainian historiographies, was a theatre of World War II fought between the European Axis powers and Allies, including the Soviet Union (USSR) and Poland.

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Edgar Allan Poe

Edgar Allan Poe (January 19, 1809 – October 7, 1849) was an American writer, poet, author, editor, and literary critic who is best known for his poetry and short stories, particularly his tales of mystery and the macabre.

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Editura Curtea Veche

Editura Curtea Veche (Curtea Veche Publishing House) is a publishing house based in Romania, located on Aurel Vlaicu Street 35, Bucharest.

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Editura Dacia

Editura Dacia ('Dacia Publishing House') is a publishing house based in Romania, located on Pavel Chinezul Street 2, Cluj-Napoca.

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Editura Minerva

Editura Minerva is one of the largest publishing houses in Romania.

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Elegiac

The adjective elegiac has two possible meanings.

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Emanuel Swedenborg

Emanuel Swedenborg (born Emanuel Swedberg; (29 January 1688 29 March 1772) was a Swedish Christian theologian, scientist, philosopher and mystic. He became best known for his book on the afterlife, ''Heaven and Hell'' (1758). Swedenborg had a prolific career as an inventor and scientist.

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Emil Isac

Emil Isac (May 27, 1886 – March 25, 1954) was an Austro-Hungarian-born Romanian poet, dramatist, short story writer and critic. Ion Vinea and Emil Isac are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century essayists, Contimporanul writers, Gândirea, Romanian art critics, Romanian essayists, Romanian humorists, Romanian literary critics, Romanian male poets, Romanian male short story writers, Romanian memoirists, Romanian propagandists, Romanian short story writers, Romanian socialists, Romanian translators, socialist realism writers and symbolist poets.

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Erotic literature

Erotic literature, or literotica, comprises fictional and factual stories and accounts of eros (passionate, romantic or sexual relationships) intended to arouse similar feelings in readers.

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Eugène Ionesco

Eugène Ionesco (born Eugen Ionescu,; 26 November 1909 – 28 March 1994) was a Romanian-French playwright who wrote mostly in French, and was one of the foremost figures of the French avant-garde theatre in the 20th century. Ion Vinea and Eugène Ionesco are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, Romanian people of French descent, Romanian people of Greek descent, Romanian writers in French and Saint Sava National College alumni.

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Eugen Filotti

Eugen Filotti (July 28 (July 17 O.S.) 1896 – June 1, 1975) was a Romanian diplomat, journalist and writer. Ion Vinea and Eugen Filotti are Romanian magazine editors.

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Eugen Lovinescu

Eugen Lovinescu (31 October 1881 – 16 July 1943) was a Romanian modernist literary historian, literary critic, academic, and novelist, who in 1919 established the Sburătorul literary club. Ion Vinea and Eugen Lovinescu are 20th-century essayists, Romanian art critics, Romanian essayists, Romanian literary critics, Romanian magazine editors and Romanian translators.

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Eugen Simion

Eugen Simion (25 May 1933 – 18 October 2022) was a Romanian literary critic and historian, editor, essayist and academic. Ion Vinea and Eugen Simion are Romanian essayists and Romanian literary critics.

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European Confederation

The European Confederation (Europäischer Staatenbund) was a proposed political institution of European unity, which was to be part of a broader restructuring (Neuordnung) in the aftermath of a German victory in the Second World War.

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Evenimentul Zilei

Evenimentul Zilei is a formerly physical and now exclusively online newspaper in Romania.

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Exit the King

Exit the King (Le Roi se meurt) is an absurdist drama by Eugène Ionesco that premiered in 1962.

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Expressionism

Expressionism is a modernist movement, initially in poetry and painting, originating in Northern Europe around the beginning of the 20th century.

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Șerban Cioculescu

Șerban Cioculescu (7 September 1902, Drobeta-Turnu Severin – 25 June 1988, Bucharest) was a Romanian literary critic, literary historian and columnist, who held teaching positions in Romanian literature at the University of Iași and the University of Bucharest, as well as membership of the Romanian Academy and chairmanship of its Library. Ion Vinea and Șerban Cioculescu are 20th-century essayists, Adevărul columnists, Censorship in Romania, Romanian essayists, Romanian literary critics, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian socialists and Romanian writers in French.

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Ștefan Octavian Iosif

Ștefan Octavian Iosif (11 October 1875 – 22 June 1913) was an Austro-Hungarian-born Romanian poet and translator. Ion Vinea and Ștefan Octavian Iosif are 20th-century Romanian poets, Romanian male poets and Romanian translators.

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Țara Moților

Țara Moților (Motzenland), also known as Țara de Piatră ("The Stone Land") is an ethnogeographical region of Romania in the Apuseni Mountains, on the upper basin of the Arieș and Crișul Alb River rivers.

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F. Scott Fitzgerald

Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald (September 24, 1896 – December 21, 1940) was an American novelist, essayist, and short story writer.

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Facla

Facla ("The Torch") was a Romanian political and literary magazine. Ion Vinea and Facla are Republicanism in the Kingdom of Romania.

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Felix Aderca

Felix Aderca (born Froim-Zelig Aderca; March 13, 1891 – December 12, 1962),, in Realitatea Evreiască, Nr. Ion Vinea and Felix Aderca are 20th-century Romanian diarists, 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century essayists, Censorship in Romania, Contimporanul writers, English–Romanian translators, French–Romanian translators, psychological fiction writers, Romanian anti–World War I activists, Romanian erotica writers, Romanian essayists, Romanian fantasy writers, Romanian historical novelists, Romanian humorists, Romanian literary critics, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male poets, Romanian military personnel of World War I, Romanian translators and symbolist poets.

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Ferdinand I of Romania

Ferdinand I (Ferdinand Viktor Albert Meinrad; 24 August 1865 – 20 July 1927), nicknamed Întregitorul ("the Unifier"), was King of Romania from 1914 until his death in 1927. Ion Vinea and Ferdinand I of Romania are Romanian people of French descent.

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Filippo Tommaso Marinetti

Filippo Tommaso Emilio Marinetti (22 December 1876 – 2 December 1944) was an Italian poet, editor, art theorist, and founder of the Futurist movement. Ion Vinea and Filippo Tommaso Marinetti are futurist writers.

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Film editing

Film editing is both a creative and a technical part of the post-production process of filmmaking.

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Flacăra

Flacăra (Romanian for "The Flame") is a weekly literary magazine published in Bucharest, Romania.

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Folding carton

The folding carton created the packaging industry as it is known today, beginning in the late 19th century.

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Folk art

Folk art covers all forms of visual art made in the context of folk culture.

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Foot whipping, falanga/falaka or bastinado is a method of inflicting pain and humiliation by administering a beating on the soles of a person's bare feet.

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Futurism

Futurism (Futurismo) was an artistic and social movement that originated in Italy, and to a lesser extent in other countries, in the early 20th century.

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Gala Galaction

Gala Galaction (the pen name of Grigore or Grigorie Pișculescu; April 16, 1879—March 8, 1961) was a Romanian Orthodox clergyman, theologian, writer, journalist, left-wing activist, as well as a political figure of the People's Republic of Romania. Ion Vinea and Gala Galaction are Censorship in Romania, members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania), Romanian essayists, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male short story writers, Romanian short story writers, Romanian translators, Saint Sava National College alumni and translators of William Shakespeare.

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Galați

Galați (also known by other alternative names) is the capital city of Galați County in the historical region of Western Moldavia, in eastern Romania.

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Gândirea

Gândirea ("The Thinking"), known during its early years as Gândirea Literară - Artistică - Socială ("The Literary - Artistic - Social Thinking"), was a Romanian literary, political and art magazine.

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Gârceni

Gârceni is a commune in Vaslui County, Western Moldavia, Romania.

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Geo Bogza

Geo Bogza (born Gheorghe Bogza; February 6, 1908 – September 14, 1993) was a Romanian avant-garde theorist, poet, and journalist, known for his left-wing and communist political convictions. Ion Vinea and Geo Bogza are 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century essayists, Censorship in Romania, Romanian erotica writers, Romanian essayists, Romanian humorists, Romanian literary critics, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male poets, Romanian male short story writers, Romanian short story writers, Romanian surrealist writers and socialist realism writers.

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George Bacovia

George Bacovia (the pen name of Gheorghe Vasiliu; – 22 May 1957) was a Romanian symbolist poet. Ion Vinea and George Bacovia are 20th-century Romanian poets, Romanian male poets and symbolist poets.

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George Călinescu

George Călinescu (19 June 1899, Bucharest – 12 March 1965, Otopeni) was a Romanian literary critic, historian, novelist, academician and journalist, and a writer of classicist and humanist tendencies. Ion Vinea and George Călinescu are 20th-century essayists, Romanian essayists and Romanian literary critics.

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George Enescu

George Enescu (– 4 May 1955), known in France as Georges Enesco, was a Romanian composer, violinist, pianist, conductor, and teacher and is regarded as one of the greatest musicians in Romanian history. Ion Vinea and George Enescu are members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania).

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George Ivașcu

George Ivașcu (most common rendition of Gheorghe I. Ivașcu;"Partea I B: Dispozițiuni și publicațiuni care nu au caracter normativ: Deciziuni. Ministerul Informațiilor", in Monitorul Oficial, Issue 112/1947, p. 3980 July 22, 1911 – June 21, 1988) was a Romanian journalist, literary critic, and communist militant. Ion Vinea and George Ivașcu are 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century essayists, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University alumni, Censorship in Romania, English–Romanian translators, Romanian art collectors, Romanian essayists, Romanian literary critics, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male poets, Romanian newspaper editors, Romanian prisoners and detainees, Romanian propagandists, Romanian translators, Romanian writers in French, socialist Republic of Romania rehabilitations and socialist realism writers.

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German military administration in occupied France during World War II

The Military Administration in France (Militärverwaltung in Frankreich; Administration militaire en France) was an interim occupation authority established by Nazi Germany during World War II to administer the occupied zone in areas of northern and western France.

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German-occupied Europe

German-occupied Europe (or Nazi-occupied Europe) refers to the sovereign countries of Europe which were wholly or partly militarily occupied and civil-occupied, including puppet governments, by the military forces and the government of Nazi Germany at various times between 1939 and 1945, during World War II, administered by the Nazi regime under the dictatorship of Adolf Hitler.

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Germanophile

A Germanophile, Teutonophile, or Teutophile is a person who is fond of German culture, German people and Germany in general, or who exhibits German patriotism in spite of not being either an ethnic German or a German citizen.

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Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej

Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej (8 November 1901 – 19 March 1965) was a Romanian politician and electrician. Ion Vinea and Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej are members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania).

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Gheorghe Zane

Gheorghe Zane (April 11, 1897 – May 22, 1978) was a Romanian economist and historian. Ion Vinea and Gheorghe Zane are Alexandru Ioan Cuza University alumni.

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Ghostwriter

A ghostwriter is a person hired to write literary or journalistic works, speeches, or other texts that are putatively credited to another person as the author.

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Giurgiu

Giurgiu (Gyurgevo) is a city in southern Romania.

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Glasul Patriei

Glasul Patriei (Romanian for 'The Voice of the Fatherland') was a Communist Romania's propaganda publication aimed at Romanian emigres, that served the aim of promoting the Socialist Republic of Romania as a harbour not only of socialist ideas, but also as a natural continuation of Romanian nationalist and Orthodox traditions.

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Golden jubilee

A golden jubilee marks a 50th anniversary.

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Government of Romania

The Government of Romania (Guvernul României) forms one half of the executive branch of the government of Romania (the other half being the office of the President of Romania).

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Great Depression in Romania

The Great Depression (Marea Criză Economică or, rarely, Marea Depresie) of 1929–1933, which affected the whole world, had several consequences in the Kingdom of Romania.

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Greater Romania

The term Greater Romania (România Mare) usually refers to the borders of the Kingdom of Romania in the interwar period, achieved after the Great Union.

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Greeks in Romania

Greeks are a historic minority group in Romania.

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Greguería

In Spanish and Latin American literature, a greguería is a short statement, usually one sentence, in which the author expresses a philosophical, pragmatic, or humorous idea in a witty and original way.

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Grivița strike of 1933

The Grivița strike of 1933 was a railway strike which was started at the Grivița Workshops, Bucharest, the Kingdom of Romania in February 1933 by workers of Căile Ferate Române (Romanian Railways).

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Guillaume Apollinaire

Guillaume Apollinaire (born Kostrowicki; 26 August 1880 – 9 November 1918) was a French poet, playwright, short story writer, novelist and art critic of Polish descent.

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Halldór Laxness

Halldór Kiljan Laxness (born Halldór Guðjónsson; 23 April 1902 – 8 February 1998) was an Icelandic writer and winner of the 1955 Nobel Prize in Literature.

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Hamlet

The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, usually shortened to Hamlet, is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare sometime between 1599 and 1601.

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Henri Barbusse

Henri Barbusse (17 May 1873 – 30 August 1935) was a French novelist, short story writer, journalist, poet and political activist.

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Henri Bergson

Henri-Louis Bergson (18 October 1859 – 4 January 1941) was a French philosopherHenri Bergson.

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Henriette Yvonne Stahl

Henriette Yvonne Stahl (January 9, 1900 – May 25/26, 1984) was a Romanian novelist, short story writer and translator. Ion Vinea and Henriette Yvonne Stahl are Romanian novelists, Romanian people of French descent, Romanian prisoners and detainees, Romanian short story writers, Romanian translators and Romanian writers in French.

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Henry V (play)

Henry V is a history play by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written near 1599.

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Hermeticism (poetry)

Hermeticism in poetry, or hermetic poetry, is a form of obscure and difficult poetry, as of the Symbolist school, wherein the language and imagery are subjective, and where the suggestive power of the sound of words is as important as their meaning.

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Historical fiction

Historical fiction is a literary genre in which a fictional plot takes place in the setting of particular real historical events.

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History of the Jews in Romania

The history of the Jews in Romania concerns the Jews both of Romania and of Romanian origins, from their first mention on what is present-day Romanian territory.

See Ion Vinea and History of the Jews in Romania

Honoré de Balzac

Honoré de Balzac (more commonly,; born Honoré Balzac;Jean-Louis Dega, La vie prodigieuse de Bernard-François Balssa, père d'Honoré de Balzac: Aux sources historiques de La Comédie humaine, Rodez, Subervie, 1998, 665 p. 20 May 1799 – 18 August 1850) was a French novelist and playwright.

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Hugo Ball

Hugo Ball (22 February 1886 – 14 September 1927) was a German author, poet, and essentially the founder of the Dada movement in European art in Zürich in 1916.

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Humanitas (publishing house)

Humanitas (Editura Humanitas) is an independent Romanian publishing house, located at Piața Presei Libere 1 (House of the Free Press), Bucharest.

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I. Peltz

Ițig Peltz or Isac Peltz (12 February 1899–10 August 1980) was a Romanian prose writer and journalist. Ion Vinea and I. Peltz are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian poets, Adevărul editors, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male short story writers, Romanian newspaper editors, Romanian prisoners and detainees, Romanian short story writers and Romanian translators.

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Iași

Iași (also known by other alternative names), also referred to mostly historically as Jassy, is the third largest city in Romania and the seat of Iași County.

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Ilarie Chendi

Ilarie Chendi (November 14, 1871 – June 23, 1913) was a Romanian literary critic. Ion Vinea and Ilarie Chendi are Romanian literary critics.

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Ilie Lazăr

Ilie Lazăr (born December 12, 1895, Giulești, Maramureș County - d. November 6, 1976 Cluj-Napoca) was a Romanian jurist and politician, a leading member of the National Peasants' Party in the interwar period and the right-hand man of Iuliu Maniu. Ion Vinea and Ilie Lazăr are 20th-century Romanian politicians, members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania), national Peasants' Party politicians and Romanian anti-communists.

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Ilie Purcaru

Ilie Purcaru (5 November 1933 – 10 October 2008) was a Romanian journalist and poet, much of whose writing was in support of the communist regime. Ion Vinea and Ilie Purcaru are 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century essayists, Censorship in Romania, Romanian activist journalists, Romanian humorists, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male poets, Romanian newspaper editors, Romanian propagandists, Romanian writers in French and socialist realism writers.

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Imagism

Imagism was a movement in early-20th-century poetry that favored precision of imagery and clear, sharp language.

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Impressionism (literature)

Literary Impressionism is influenced by the European Impressionist art movement; as such, many writers adopted a style that relied on associations.

See Ion Vinea and Impressionism (literature)

Industrialisation

Industrialisation (UK) or industrialization (US) is the period of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial society.

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Intertextuality

Intertextuality is the shaping of a text's meaning by another text, either through deliberate compositional strategies such as quotation, allusion, calque, plagiarism, translation, pastiche or parody,Gerard Genette (1997) Paratexts Hallo, William W. (2010) The World's Oldest Literature: Studies in Sumerian Belles-Lettres Cancogni, Annapaola (1985) pp.203-213 or by interconnections between similar or related works perceived by an audience or reader of the text.

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Ion Agârbiceanu

Ion Agârbiceanu (first name also Ioan, last name also Agărbiceanu and Agîrbiceanu; 12 September 1882 – 28 May 1963) was an Austro-Hungarian-born Romanian writer, journalist, politician, theologian and Greek-Catholic priest. Ion Vinea and Ion Agârbiceanu are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century essayists, Censorship in Romania, Gândirea, members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania), national Peasants' Party politicians, Romanian essayists, Romanian fantasy writers, Romanian humorists, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male poets, Romanian male short story writers, Romanian military personnel of World War I, Romanian newspaper editors, Romanian propagandists and Romanian translators.

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Ion Antonescu

Ion Antonescu (– 1 June 1946) was a Romanian military officer and marshal who presided over two successive wartime dictatorships as Prime Minister and Conducător during most of World War II. Ion Vinea and Ion Antonescu are 20th-century essayists, Romanian anti-communists, Romanian essayists and Romanian military personnel of World War I.

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Ion Barbu

Ion Barbu (pen name of Dan Barbilian; 18 March 1895 –11 August 1961) was a Romanian mathematician and poet. Ion Vinea and Ion Barbu are 20th-century Romanian poets, Romanian male poets and Romanian military personnel of World War I.

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Ion Caraion

Ion Caraion (pen name of Stelian Diaconescu; May 24, 1923 – July 21, 1986) was a Romanian poet, essayist and translator. Ion Vinea and Ion Caraion are 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century essayists, Romanian essayists, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male poets, Romanian newspaper editors, Romanian translators and Romanian writers in French.

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Ion Călugăru

Ion Călugăru (born Ștrul Leiba Croitoru, Ion Călugăru, Ioan Lăcustă,, at the; retrieved February 17, 2010 also known as Buium sin Strul-Leiba Croitoru, Liviu Rotman (ed.),, Editura Hasefer, Federation of Jewish Communities of Romania & Elie Wiesel National Institute for Studying the Holocaust in Romania, Bucharest, 2008, p.174. Ion Vinea and Ion Călugăru are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century essayists, Romanian art critics, Romanian essayists, Romanian literary critics, Romanian male poets, Romanian male short story writers, Romanian newspaper editors, Romanian propagandists, Romanian short story writers, Romanian surrealist writers and socialist realism writers.

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Ion G. Duca

Ion Gheorghe Duca (20 December 1879 – 29 December 1933) was Romanian politician and the Prime Minister of Romania from 14 November to 29 December 1933, when he was assassinated for his efforts to suppress the fascist Iron Guard movement. Ion Vinea and Ion G. Duca are members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania) and Romanian memoirists.

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Ion Gorun

Ion Gorun (pen name of Alexandru I. Hodoș; December 30, 1863–March 30, 1928) was an Austrian Empire-born Romanian prose writer, poet and translator. Ion Vinea and Ion Gorun are Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male short story writers, Romanian newspaper editors, Romanian short story writers and Romanian translators.

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Ion I. C. Brătianu

Ion Ionel Constantin Brătianu (also known as Ionel Brătianu; 20 August 1864 – 24 November 1927) was a Romanian politician, leader of the National Liberal Party (PNL), Prime Minister of Romania for five terms, and Foreign Minister on several occasions; he was the eldest son of statesman and PNL leader Ion Brătianu, the brother of Vintilă and Dinu Brătianu, and the father of Gheorghe I. Ion Vinea and Ion I. C. Brătianu are members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania) and Saint Sava National College alumni.

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Ion Marin Sadoveanu

Ion Marin Sadoveanu (born Iancu-Leonte Marinescu; June 15, 1893 – February 2, 1964) was a Romanian playwright. Ion Vinea and Ion Marin Sadoveanu are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights and Romanian newspaper editors.

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Ion Minulescu

Ion Minulescu (6 January 1881 – 11 April 1944) was a Romanian avant-garde poet, novelist, short story writer, journalist, literary critic, and playwright. Ion Vinea and Ion Minulescu are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian poets, Romanian art critics, Romanian humorists, Romanian literary critics, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male poets, Romanian male short story writers, Romanian short story writers, Romanian translators, symbolist novelists and symbolist poets.

See Ion Vinea and Ion Minulescu

Ion Pillat

Ion Pillat (31 March 1891 – 17 April 1945) was a distinguished Romanian poet. Ion Vinea and Ion Pillat are 20th-century Romanian poets, Gândirea and Romanian male poets.

See Ion Vinea and Ion Pillat

Ion Sân-Giorgiu

Ion Sân-Giorgiu (also known as Sîn-Giorgiu, Sângiorgiu or Sîngiorgiu; 1893–1950) was a Romanian modernist poet, dramatist, essayist, literary and art critic, also known as a journalist, academic, and fascist politician. Ion Vinea and Ion Sân-Giorgiu are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century Romanian politicians, 20th-century essayists, Gândirea, Romanian anti-communists, Romanian art critics, Romanian essayists, Romanian literary critics, Romanian magazine editors and Romanian male poets.

See Ion Vinea and Ion Sân-Giorgiu

Iosif Sava

Iosif Sava-Segal (b. Iosef Segal; 15 February 1933, Iași, Romania - d. 18 August 1998, Bucharest, Romania), known as Iosif Sava, was a Romanian musicologist and pianist.

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Iron Guard

The Iron Guard (Garda de Fier) was a Romanian militant revolutionary fascist movement and political party founded in 1927 by Corneliu Zelea Codreanu as the Legion of the Archangel Michael (Legiunea Arhanghelul Mihail) or the Legionary Movement (Mișcarea Legionară).

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Iron Guard death squads

During the 1930s, three notable death squads emerged from Romania's Iron Guard: the Nicadori, the Decemviri and the Răzbunători.

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Istanbul

Istanbul is the largest city in Turkey, straddling the Bosporus Strait, the boundary between Europe and Asia.

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Italian fascism

Italian fascism (fascismo italiano), also classical fascism and Fascism, is the original fascist ideology, which Giovanni Gentile and Benito Mussolini developed in Italy.

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Iuliu Maniu

Iuliu Maniu (Maniu Gyula 8 January 1873 – 5 February 1953) was a Romanian lawyer and politician. Ion Vinea and Iuliu Maniu are national Peasants' Party politicians and Romanian anti-communists.

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Jean Cocteau

Jean Maurice Eugène Clément Cocteau (5 July 1889 – 11 October 1963) was a French poet, playwright, novelist, designer, film director, visual artist and critic.

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Joris-Karl Huysmans

Charles-Marie-Georges Huysmans (5 February 1848 – 12 May 1907) was a French novelist and art critic who published his works as Joris-Karl Huysmans (variably abbreviated as J. K. or J.-K.). He is most famous for the novel À rebours (1884, published in English as Against the Grain and as Against Nature). Ion Vinea and Joris-Karl Huysmans are Decadent literature.

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Joseph Stalin

Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; – 5 March 1953) was a Soviet politician and revolutionary who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953.

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Journalism

Journalism is the production and distribution of reports on the interaction of events, facts, ideas, and people that are the "news of the day" and that informs society to at least some degree of accuracy.

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Jules Barbey d'Aurevilly

Jules-Amédée Barbey d'Aurevilly (2 November 1808 – 23 April 1889) was a French novelist, poet, short story writer, and literary critic.

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Jules Laforgue

Jules Laforgue (16 August 1860 – 20 August 1887) was a Franco-Uruguayan poet, often referred to as a Symbolist poet. Ion Vinea and Jules Laforgue are symbolist poets.

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Jurnalul Național

Jurnalul Național is a Romanian newspaper, part of the INTACT Media Group led by Dan Voiculescu, which also includes the popular television station Antena 1.

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Karl Marx

Karl Marx (5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a German-born philosopher, political theorist, economist, historian, sociologist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist.

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King of Romania

The King of Romania (Regele României) or King of the Romanians (Regele Românilor) was the title of the monarch of the Kingdom of Romania from 1881 until 1947, when the Romanian Workers' Party proclaimed the Romanian People's Republic following Michael I's forced abdication.

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Kingdom of Romania

The Kingdom of Romania (Regatul României) was a constitutional monarchy that existed from 13 March (O.S.) / 25 March 1881 with the crowning of prince Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen as King Carol I (thus beginning the Romanian royal family), until 1947 with the abdication of King Michael I and the Romanian parliament's proclamation of the Romanian People's Republic.

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Kitsch

Kitsch (loanword from German) is a term applied to art and design that is perceived as naïve imitation, overly eccentric, gratuitous or of banal taste.

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L'Humanité

() is a French daily newspaper.

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Lèse-majesté

Lèse-majesté or lese-majesty is an offence or defamation against the dignity of a ruling head of state (traditionally a monarch but now more often a president) or of the state itself.

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Legionnaires' rebellion and Bucharest pogrom

Between 21 and 23 January 1941, a rebellion of the Iron Guard paramilitary organization, whose members were known as Legionnaires, occurred in Bucharest, Romania.

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Leon Kalustian

Leon or Levon Kalustian, also known as Calustian (Լևոն Գալուստեան, Levon Kalustyan; October 17, 1908 – January 24, 1990), was a Romanian journalist, essayist and memoirist. Ion Vinea and Leon Kalustian are 20th-century essayists, Censorship in Romania, people detained by the Securitate, Romanian activist journalists, Romanian anti-communists, Romanian essayists, Romanian newspaper editors and Romanian prisoners and detainees.

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Leon Trotsky

Lev Davidovich Bronstein (– 21 August 1940), better known as Leon Trotsky, was a Russian revolutionary, Soviet politician, and political theorist. Ion Vinea and Leon Trotsky are anti-Stalinist left.

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Les Misérables

Les Misérables is a French epic historical novel by Victor Hugo, first published in 1862, that is considered one of the greatest novels of the 19th century.

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Ligeia

"Ligeia" is an early short story by American writer Edgar Allan Poe, first published in 1838.

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Literary modernism

Modernist literature originated in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and is characterised by a self-conscious separation from traditional ways of writing in both poetry and prose fiction writing.

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Liver cancer

Liver cancer, also known as hepatic cancer, primary hepatic cancer, or primary hepatic malignancy, is cancer that starts in the liver.

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Louis Aragon

Louis Aragon (3 October 1897 – 24 December 1982) was a French poet who was one of the leading voices of the surrealist movement in France.

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Luceafărul (magazine)

Luceafărul ("Lucifer") was a Romanian-language literary and cultural magazine that appeared in three series: 1902-1914 and 1919-1920; 1934-1939; and 1941-1945.

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Lucian Blaga

Lucian Blaga (9 May 1895 – 6 May 1961) was a Romanian philosopher, poet, playwright, poetry translator and novelist. Ion Vinea and Lucian Blaga are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian poets, deaths from cancer in Romania, Gândirea, Romanian male poets and Romanian translators.

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Lucian Boia

Lucian Boia (born 1 February 1944) is a Romanian historian. Ion Vinea and Lucian Boia are Romanian writers in French.

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Lucian Boz

Lucian Boz (also rendered as Lucien Boz; November 9, 1908 – March 14, 2003) was a Romanian literary critic, essayist, novelist, poet and translator. Ion Vinea and Lucian Boz are 20th-century essayists, Adevărul editors, Censorship in Romania, Contimporanul writers, French–Romanian translators, Romanian essayists, Romanian literary critics, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian memoirists, Romanian newspaper editors, Romanian translators and Romanian writers in French.

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Lucretius

Titus Lucretius Carus (–) was a Roman poet and philosopher.

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Lyric poetry

Modern lyric poetry is a formal type of poetry which expresses personal emotions or feelings, typically spoken in the first person.

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Macbeth

Macbeth (full title The Tragedie of Macbeth) is a tragedy by William Shakespeare.

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Magazin Istoric

Magazin Istoric (The Historical Magazine) is a Romanian monthly magazine.

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Magic realism

Magic realism, magical realism or marvelous realism is a style or genre of fiction and art that presents a realistic view of the world while incorporating magical elements, often blurring the lines between fantasy and reality.

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Malaria

Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects vertebrates.

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Mandatory Palestine

Mandatory Palestine was a geopolitical entity that existed between 1920 and 1948 in the region of Palestine under the terms of the League of Nations Mandate for Palestine.

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Mangalia

Mangalia (Mankalya), ancient Callatis (Κάλλατις/Καλλατίς; other historical names: Pangalia, Panglicara, Tomisovara), is a city and a port on the coast of the Black Sea in the south-east of Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania.

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Marcel Janco

Marcel Janco (common rendition of the Romanian name Marcel Hermann Iancu; 24 May 1895 – 21 April 1984) was a Romanian and Israeli visual artist, architect and art theorist. Ion Vinea and Marcel Janco are 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century essayists, Contimporanul writers, Romanian essayists, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male poets, Romanian socialists and Romanian writers in French.

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Marin Preda

Marin Preda (5 August 1922, Siliștea Gumești, Teleorman County, Kingdom of Romania – 16 May 1980, Mogoșoaia, Ilfov County, Socialist Republic of Romania) was a Romanian novelist, post-war writer and director of Cartea Românească publishing house.

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Mateiu Caragiale

Mateiu Ion Caragiale (– January 17, 1936), also credited as Matei or Matheiu, or in the antiquated version Mateiŭ,Sorin Antohi,, in Tr@nsit online, Institut für die Wissenschaften vom Menschen, Nr. Ion Vinea and Mateiu Caragiale are 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century Romanian politicians, Censorship in Romania, Decadent literature, Gândirea, Romanian fantasy writers, Romanian male poets, Romanian memoirists, Romanian people of Greek descent, symbolist novelists and symbolist poets.

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Max Hermann Maxy

Max Hermann Maxy (also known as M. H. Maxy, born Max Herman; October 26, 1895 – July 19, 1971) was a Romanian painter, art professor, scenographer, and professor of German-Jewish descent. Ion Vinea and Max Hermann Maxy are Romanian military personnel of World War I.

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Maxim Gorky

Alexei Maximovich Peshkov (Алексей Максимович Пешков; – 18 June 1936), popularly known as Maxim Gorky (Максим Горький), was a Russian and Soviet writer and socialism proponent. Ion Vinea and Maxim Gorky are socialist realism writers.

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Memoir

A memoir is any nonfiction narrative writing based on the author's personal memories.

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MI6

The Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), commonly known as MI6 (Military Intelligence, Section 6), is the foreign intelligence service of the United Kingdom, tasked mainly with the covert overseas collection and analysis of human intelligence on foreign nationals in support of its Five Eyes partners.

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Mișcarea Literară

Mișcarea Literară (Romanian for "The Literary Movement") was a literary and art weekly published in Romania from 1924 to 1925 by writer Liviu Rebreanu and poet Alexandru Dominic.

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Mihai Beniuc

Mihai Beniuc (20 November 1907 – 24 June 1988) was a Romanian socialist realist poet, dramatist, and novelist. Ion Vinea and Mihai Beniuc are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian poets, Romanian male poets and Romanian propagandists.

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Mihai Gafița

Mihai or Mihail Gafița (Francized Mikhaï Gafitza;Alexandru Talex, "A notre ami disparu (M. Gafitza)", in Cahiers Panaït Istrati, Issue 6, May 1977, p. 5 October 21, 1923 – March 4, 1977) was a Romanian literary historian, critic, editor, and children's novelist, also noted as a communist activist and politician. Ion Vinea and Mihai Gafița are 20th-century essayists, Romanian essayists, Romanian fantasy writers, Romanian literary critics, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian propagandists and socialist realism writers.

See Ion Vinea and Mihai Gafița

Mihail Dragomirescu

Mihail Dragomirescu (March 22, 1868 – November 25, 1942) was a Romanian aesthetician, literary theorist and critic. Ion Vinea and Mihail Dragomirescu are Romanian literary critics, Romanian magazine editors and Saint Sava National College alumni.

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Mihail Manoilescu

Mihail Manoilescu (December 9, 1891 – December 30, 1950) was a Romanian journalist, engineer, economist, politician and memoirist, who served as Foreign Minister of Romania during the summer of 1940. Ion Vinea and Mihail Manoilescu are 20th-century Romanian politicians, 20th-century essayists, members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania), national Peasants' Party politicians, Romanian essayists, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian memoirists, Romanian military personnel of World War I and Romanian writers in French.

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Mihail Sadoveanu

Mihail Sadoveanu (occasionally referred to as Mihai Sadoveanu; 5 November 1880 – 19 October 1961) was a Romanian novelist, short story writer, journalist and political figure, who twice served as acting head of state for the communist republic (1947–1948 and 1958). Ion Vinea and Mihail Sadoveanu are 20th-century Romanian politicians, 20th-century essayists, 20th-century memoirists, Adevărul editors, Censorship in Romania, members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania), Romanian essayists, Romanian fantasy writers, Romanian historical novelists, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male poets, Romanian male short story writers, Romanian memoirists, Romanian newspaper editors, Romanian propagandists, Romanian translators and socialist realism writers.

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Mihail Sebastian

Mihail Sebastian (born Iosif Mendel Hechter; October 18, 1907 – May 29, 1945) was a Romanian playwright, essayist, journalist and novelist. Ion Vinea and Mihail Sebastian are 20th-century Romanian diarists and 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights.

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Milița Petrașcu

Milița Petrașcu, also known as Militza Pătrascu (31 December 1892 25 January 1976), was a Romanian portrait artist and sculptor, part of the Romanian "avant-garde movement" during the interwar period which evolved around the "Contimporanul" magazine.

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Mircea Vulcănescu

Mircea Aurel Vulcănescu (3 March 1904 – 28 October 1952) was a Romanian philosopher, economist, ethics teacher, sociologist, and politician. Ion Vinea and Mircea Vulcănescu are Romanian torture victims.

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Miron Radu Paraschivescu

Miron Radu Paraschivescu (2 October 1911 – 17 February 1971) was a Romanian poet, essayist, journalist, and translator. Ion Vinea and Miron Radu Paraschivescu are 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century essayists, Romanian essayists, Romanian male poets and Romanian translators.

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MIT Press

The MIT Press is a university press affiliated with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

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Mogoșoaia Palace

Mogoșoaia Palace (Palatul Mogoșoaia) is situated about from Bucharest, Romania.

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Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact

The Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, officially the Treaty of Non-Aggression between Germany and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, was a non-aggression pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union with a secret protocol that partitioned between them or managed the sovereignty of the states in Central and Eastern Europe: Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Finland and Romania.

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Monica Lovinescu

Monica Lovinescu (19 November 1923 – 20 April 2008) was a Romanian essayist, short story writer, literary critic, translator, and journalist, noted for her activities as an opponent of the Romanian Communist regime. Ion Vinea and Monica Lovinescu are 20th-century essayists, Romanian anti-communists, Romanian essayists, Romanian literary critics, Romanian translators and Romanian writers in French.

See Ion Vinea and Monica Lovinescu

Monitorul Oficial

Monitorul Oficial al României is the official gazette of Romania, in which all the promulgated bills, presidential decrees, governmental ordinances and other major legal acts are published.

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Moral nihilism

Moral nihilism (also called ethical nihilism) is the meta-ethical view that nothing is morally right or morally wrong and that morality does not exist.

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Morphine

Morphine, formerly also called morphia, is an opiate that is found naturally in opium, a dark brown resin produced by drying the latex of opium poppies (Papaver somniferum).

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Muntenia

Muntenia (also known in English as Greater Wallachia) is a historical region of Romania, part of Wallachia (also, sometimes considered Wallachia proper, as Muntenia, Țara Românească, and the seldom used Valahia are synonyms in Romanian).

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N. D. Cocea

N. Ion Vinea and N. D. Cocea are 20th-century essayists, Contimporanul writers, members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania), Republicanism in the Kingdom of Romania, Romanian activist journalists, Romanian art critics, Romanian erotica writers, Romanian essayists, Romanian human rights activists, Romanian humorists, Romanian literary critics, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian newspaper editors, Romanian nobility, Romanian prisoners and detainees, Romanian trade union leaders, Romanian writers in French and symbolist novelists.

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N. D. Popescu-Popnedea

Nicolae D. Popescu, also known as Poppescu, Popnedea and Nedea Popescu (August 9, 1843 – June 1921), was a Romanian prose writer, oral historian, almanac compiler and archivist, made famous and financially successful by his hajduk stories. Ion Vinea and N. D. Popescu-Popnedea are Romanian fantasy writers, Romanian historical novelists, Romanian male short story writers and Romanian propagandists.

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N. Porsenna

N. Ion Vinea and N. Porsenna are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century essayists, Censorship in Romania, English–Romanian translators, French–Romanian translators, Gândirea, members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania), Romanian anti–World War I activists, Romanian essayists, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male short story writers, Romanian military personnel of World War I, Romanian newspaper editors, Romanian propagandists, Romanian translators, Romanian writers in French, Russian–Romanian translators, translators of Edgar Allan Poe and translators of William Shakespeare.

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Nae Ionescu

Nae Ionescu (born Nicolae C. Ionescu; – 15 March 1940) was a Romanian philosopher, logician, mathematician, professor, and journalist. Ion Vinea and Nae Ionescu are 20th-century essayists, Romanian essayists and Romanian newspaper editors.

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National Christian Party

The National Christian Party (Partidul Național Creștin) was a far-right authoritarian and strongly antisemitic political party in Romania active between 1935 and 1938.

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National Legionary State

The National Legionary State (Statul Național Legionar) was a totalitarian fascist regime which governed Romania for five months, from 14 September 1940 until its official dissolution on 14 February 1941.

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National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)

The National Liberal Party (Partidul Național Liberal, PNL) was the first organised political party in Romania, a major force in the country's politics from its foundation in 1875 to World War II.

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National Peasants' Party

The National Peasants' Party (also known as the National Peasant Party or National Farmers' Party; Partidul Național Țărănesc, or Partidul Național-Țărănist, PNȚ) was an agrarian political party in the Kingdom of Romania. Ion Vinea and National Peasants' Party are Republicanism in the Kingdom of Romania.

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National Renaissance Front

The National Renaissance Front (Frontul Renașterii Naționale, FRN; also translated as Front of National Regeneration, Front of National Rebirth, Front of National Resurrection, or Front of National Renaissance) was a Romanian political party created by King Carol II in 1938 as the single monopoly party of government following his decision to ban all other political parties and suspend the 1923 Constitution, and the passing of the 1938 Constitution of Romania.

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National-Christian Defense League

The National-Christian Defense League (Liga Apărării Național Creștine, LANC) was a far-right political party of Romania formed by A. C. Cuza.

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Nationalization in Romania

The nationalization of the means of production was a measure taken by Romania's new Communist authorities in order to lay the foundation of socialism.

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Nazi Germany

Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship.

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Neomodernism

Neomodernism is a philosophical position based on modernism which addressess the critique of modernism by postmodernism.

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Neosymbolism

Neosymbolism is a movement current in the visual arts genre.

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Nicolae Carandino

Nicolae Carandino (19 July 1905 – 16 February 1996) was a Romanian journalist, pamphleteer, translator, dramatist, and politician. Ion Vinea and Nicolae Carandino are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian politicians, 20th-century essayists, 20th-century memoirists, national Peasants' Party politicians, people detained by the Securitate, Romanian essayists, Romanian memoirists, Romanian newspaper editors and Romanian translators.

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Nicolae Davidescu

Nicolae Davidescu (October 24, 1888 – June 12, 1954) was a Romanian symbolist poet and novelist. Ion Vinea and Nicolae Davidescu are 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century essayists, Romanian essayists, Romanian male poets and symbolist poets.

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Nicolae Gh. Lupu

Nicolae Gh.

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Nicolae Iorga

Nicolae Iorga (17 January 1871 – 27 November 1940) was a Romanian politician who held top posts, including Prime Minister and president of the Senate. Ion Vinea and Nicolae Iorga are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century Romanian politicians, 20th-century essayists, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University alumni, English–Romanian translators, members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania), Romanian anti-communists, Romanian art critics, Romanian essayists, Romanian fantasy writers, Romanian literary critics, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male poets, Romanian newspaper editors, Romanian translators and Romanian writers in French.

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Nicolae Iorga Institute of History

The Nicolae Iorga Institute of History (Institutul de Istorie „Nicolae Iorga”; abbreviation: IINI) is an institution of research in the field of history under the auspices of the Romanian Academy.

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Nicolae L. Lupu

Nicolae L. Lupu (November 4, 1876 – December 4, 1946) was a Romanian left-wing politician and social physician. Ion Vinea and Nicolae L. Lupu are 20th-century Romanian politicians and national Peasants' Party politicians.

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Nicolae Manolescu

Nicolae Manolescu (27 November 1939 – 23 March 2024) was a Romanian literary critic. Ion Vinea and Nicolae Manolescu are Romanian literary critics and Romanian magazine editors.

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Nicolae Titulescu

Nicolae Titulescu (4 March 1882 – 17 March 1941) was a Romanian politician and diplomat, at various times ambassador, finance minister, and foreign minister, and for two terms president of the General Assembly of the League of Nations (1930–32). Ion Vinea and Nicolae Titulescu are members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania).

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Night of the Long Knives

The Night of the Long Knives (Nacht der langen Messer), also called the Röhm purge or Operation Hummingbird (Unternehmen Kolibri), was a purge that took place in Nazi Germany from 30 June to 2 July 1934.

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Nyugat

Nyugat (Hungarian for West; pronounced similar to New-Got), was an important Hungarian literary journal in the first half of the 20th century.

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Observator Cultural

Observator Cultural (meaning "The Cultural Observer" in English) is a weekly literary magazine based in Bucharest, Romania.

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Octavian Goga

Octavian Goga (1 April 1881 – 7 May 1938) was a Romanian far-right politician, poet, playwright, journalist, and translator. Ion Vinea and Octavian Goga are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian poets, Romanian male poets and Romanian translators.

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One-act play

A one-act play is a play that has only one act, as distinct from plays that occur over several acts.

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Oneiromancy

Oneiromancy (from the, and) is a form of divination based upon dreams, and also uses dreams to predict the future.

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Operation Barbarossa

Operation Barbarossa (Unternehmen Barbarossa) was the invasion of the Soviet Union by Nazi Germany and many of its Axis allies, starting on Sunday, 22 June 1941, during World War II.

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Orizont

Orizont is a 2015 Romanian drama film written and directed by, adapted from the novella by Ioan Slavici.

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Orphism (art)

Orphism or Orphic Cubism, a term coined by the French poet Guillaume Apollinaire in 1912, was an offshoot of Cubism that focused on pure abstraction and bright colors, influenced by Fauvism, the theoretical writings of Paul Signac, Charles Henry and the dye chemist Michel Eugène Chevreul.

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Oscar Han

Oscar Han (3 December 1891 – 14 February 1976) was a Romanian sculptor and writer.

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Oscar Lemnaru

Oscar Lemnaru (born Oscar Holtzman; February 1, 1907 – May 17, 1968) was a Romanian journalist, short story writer and translator. Ion Vinea and Oscar Lemnaru are Romanian fantasy writers, Romanian male short story writers, Romanian short story writers and Romanian translators.

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Oscar Wilde

Oscar Fingal O'Fflahertie Wills Wilde (16 October 185430 November 1900) was an Irish poet and playwright.

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Othello

Othello (full title: The Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice) is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare, around 1603.

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Ottoman Greeks

Ottoman Greeks (Ρωμιοί; Osmanlı Rumları) were ethnic Greeks who lived in the Ottoman Empire (1299–1922), much of which is in modern Turkey.

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Ovid Densusianu

Ovid Densusianu (also known under his pen name Ervin; 29 December 1873, Făgăraș – 9 June 1938, Bucharest) was a Romanian poet, philologist, linguist, folklorist, literary historian and critic, chief of a poetry school, university professor and journalist. Ion Vinea and Ovid Densusianu are Alexandru Ioan Cuza University alumni and Romanian male poets.

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Ovid S. Crohmălniceanu

Ovid S. Crohmălniceanu (born Moise Cahn or Cohn; 16 August 1921, in Galați, Romania – 27 April or 28 April 2000, in Berlin, Germany) was a Romanian literary critic and science fiction writer. Ion Vinea and Ovid S. Crohmălniceanu are Romanian literary critics.

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Paleo-Balkan mythology

Paleo-Balkan mythology is the group of religious beliefs held by Paleo-Balkan-speaking peoples in ancient times, including Illyrian, Thracian and Dacian mythologies.

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Panait Istrati

Panait Istrati (sometimes rendered as Panaït Istrati; August 10, 1884 – April 16, 1935) was a Romanian working class writer, who wrote in French and Romanian, nicknamed The Maxim Gorky of the Balkans. Ion Vinea and Panait Istrati are 20th-century essayists, anti-Stalinist left, Romanian essayists, Romanian male short story writers, Romanian people of Greek descent, Romanian short story writers, Romanian socialists and Romanian writers in French.

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Parody

A parody is a creative work designed to imitate, comment on, and/or mock its subject by means of satirical or ironic imitation.

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Paul Éluard

Paul Éluard, born Eugène Émile Paul Grindel (14 December 1895 – 18 November 1952), was a French poet and one of the founders of the Surrealist movement.

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Paul Cernat

Paul Cernat (born August 5, 1972 in Bucharest) is a Romanian essayist and literary critic. Ion Vinea and Paul Cernat are Romanian essayists.

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Peasants' Party (Romania)

The Peasants' Party (Partidul Țărănesc, PȚ) was a political party in post-World War I Romania that espoused a left-wing ideology partly connected with Agrarianism and Populism, and aimed to represent the interests of the Romanian peasantry.

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Penny dreadful

Penny dreadfuls were cheap popular serial literature produced during the 19th century in the United Kingdom.

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People's Party (Romania, 1918–38)

The People's Party (Romanian: Partidul Poporului, PP), originally People's League (Liga Poporului), was an eclectic, essentially populist, mass movement in Romania. Ion Vinea and People's Party (Romania, 1918–38) are Republicanism in the Kingdom of Romania.

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Pericei

Pericei (Szilágyperecsen) is a commune located in Sălaj County, Crișana, Romania.

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Pericle Martinescu

Pericle Martinescu (February 11, 1911 – December 21, 2005) was a Romanian writer and journalist. Ion Vinea and Pericle Martinescu are 20th-century essayists, Romanian essayists and Romanian translators.

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Petre Stoica

Petre Stoica (February 15, 1931 – March 21, 2009) was a Romanian poet and translator. Ion Vinea and Petre Stoica are Romanian anti-communists, Romanian magazine editors and Romanian translators.

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Petru Dumitriu

Petru Dumitriu (8 May 1924 – 6 April 2002) was a Romanian-born novelist who wrote both in Romanian and in French. Ion Vinea and Petru Dumitriu are Romanian writers in French.

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Petru Groza

Petru Groza (7 December 1884 – 7 January 1958) was a Romanian politician, best known as the first Prime Minister of the Communist Party-dominated government under Soviet occupation during the early stages of the Communist regime in Romania, and later as the President of the Presidium of the Great National Assembly (nominal head of state of Romania) from 1952 until his death in 1958. Ion Vinea and Petru Groza are 20th-century Romanian politicians, members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania) and Romanian socialists.

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Philology

Philology is the study of language in oral and written historical sources.

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Plasterer

A plasterer is a tradesman or tradesperson who works with plaster, such as forming a layer of plaster on an interior wall or plaster decorative moldings on ceilings or walls.

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Poporanism

Poporanism is a Romanian version of nationalism and populism.

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Porter (carrier)

A porter, also called a bearer, is a person who carries objects or cargo for others.

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Postmodern literature

Postmodern literature is a form of literature that is characterized by the use of metafiction, unreliable narration, self-reflexivity, intertextuality, and which often thematizes both historical and political issues.

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Prime Minister of Romania

The prime minister of Romania (Prim-ministrul României), officially the prime minister of the Government of Romania (Prim-ministrul Guvernului României), is the head of the Government of Romania.

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Primitivism

In the arts of the Western World, Primitivism is a mode of aesthetic idealization that means to recreate the experience of the primitive time, place, and person, either by emulation or by re-creation.

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Prose poetry

Prose poetry is poetry written in prose form instead of verse form while otherwise deferring to poetic devices to make meaning.

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Psychoanalysis

PsychoanalysisFrom Greek: +. is a set of theories and therapeutic techniques"What is psychoanalysis? Of course, one is supposed to answer that it is many things — a theory, a research method, a therapy, a body of knowledge.

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Psychological fiction

In literature, psychological fiction (also psychological realism) is a narrative genre that emphasizes interior characterization and motivation to explore the spiritual, emotional, and mental lives of its characters.

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Punct (magazine)

Punct (Romanian for "Point") was a Romanian art and literary magazine published from 1924 to 1925.

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Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty

Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL) is an American government-funded international media organization that broadcasts and reports news, information, and analyses to Eastern Europe, Central Asia, the Caucasus, and the Middle East.

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Rainer Maria Rilke

René Karl Wilhelm Johann Josef Maria Rilke (4 December 1875 – 29 December 1926), known as Rainer Maria Rilke, was an Austrian poet and novelist.

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Ramuri

Ramuri ("Twigs" or "Branches") is a Romanian literary magazine put out from Craiova, the regional center of Oltenia region.

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Röhm scandal

The Röhm scandal resulted from the public disclosure of Nazi politician Ernst Röhm's homosexuality by anti-Nazis in 1931 and 1932.

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Reich Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda

The Reich Ministry for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda (RMVP), also known simply as the Ministry of Propaganda, controlled the content of the press, literature, visual arts, film, theater, music and radio in Nazi Germany.

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Remy de Gourmont

Remy de Gourmont (4 April 1858 – 27 September 1915) was a French symbolist poet, novelist, and influential critic. Ion Vinea and Remy de Gourmont are symbolist novelists and symbolist poets.

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Revisionism (Marxism)

Revisionism (Marxism), otherwise known as Marxist reformism, represents various ideas, principles, and theories that are based on a reform or revision of Marxism.

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Revista 22

Revista 22 (22 Magazine) is a Romanian weekly magazine, issued by the Group for Social Dialogue and focused mainly on politics and culture.

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Revista Fundațiilor Regale

Revista Fundațiilor Regale ("The Review of Royal Foundations") was a monthly literary, art and culture magazine published in Romania between 1934 and 1947.

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Revolutions of 1917–1923

The Revolutions of 1917–1923 were a revolutionary wave that included political unrest and armed revolts around the world inspired by the success of the Russian Revolution and the disorder created by the aftermath of World War I. The uprisings were mainly socialist or anti-colonial in nature.

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Ricciotto Canudo

Ricciotto Canudo (2 January 1877, Gioia del Colle – 10 November 1923, Paris) was an early Italian film theoretician who lived primarily in France.

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Robert Desnos

Robert Desnos (4 July 1900 – 8 June 1945) was a French poet who played a key role in the Surrealist movement.

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Romain Rolland

Romain Rolland (29 January 1866 – 30 December 1944) was a French dramatist, novelist, essayist, art historian and mystic who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1915 "as a tribute to the lofty idealism of his literary production and to the sympathy and love of truth with which he has described different types of human beings".

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Roman, Romania

Roman is a city located in the central part of Western Moldavia, a traditional region of Romania.

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Romania

Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeast Europe.

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Romania in World War I

The Kingdom of Romania was neutral for the first two years of World War I, entering on the side of the Allied powers from 27 August 1916 until Central Power occupation led to the Treaty of Bucharest in May 1918, before reentering the war on 10 November 1918. It had the most significant oil fields in Europe, and Germany eagerly bought its petroleum, as well as food exports.

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Romanian Baccalaureate

The Bacalaureat (or bac for short) is an exam held in Romania when one graduates high school (liceu).

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Romanian Communist Party

The Romanian Communist Party (Partidul Comunist Român,, PCR) was a communist party in Romania.

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Romanian Cultural Institute

The Romanian Cultural Institute (Institutul Cultural Român, ICR), headquartered in Bucharest, was established in 2004 on the older institutional framework provided by the Romanian Cultural Foundation and before 1989 by the Institute for the Cultural Relations Abroad.

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Romanian diaspora

The Romanian diaspora is the ethnically Romanian population outside Romania and Moldova.

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Romanian Land Forces

The Romanian Land Forces (Forțele Terestre Române) is the army of Romania, and the main component of the Romanian Armed Forces.

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Romanian leu

The Romanian leu (plural lei; ISO code: RON; numeric code: 946) is the currency of Romania.

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Romanian literature

Romanian literature is the entirety of literature written by Romanian authors, although the term may also be used to refer to all literature written in the Romanian language or by any authors native to Romania.

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Romanian Naval Forces

The Romanian Naval Forces (Forțele Navale Române) is the principal naval branch of the Romanian Armed Forces and operates in the Black Sea and on the Danube.

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Romanian resistance movement during World War II

The Romanian resistance movement during World War II (Mișcarea de rezistență din România) was a part of the anti-Axis resistance during World War II.

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Romanian revolution

The Romanian revolution (Revoluția română) was a period of violent civil unrest in Romania during December 1989 as a part of the revolutions of 1989 that occurred in several countries around the world, primarily within the Eastern Bloc.

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The Romanian Social Democratic Party (Partidul Social Democrat Român, or Partidul Social Democrat, PSD) was a social-democratic political party in Romania.

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Romanian Writers' Society

The Romanian Writers' Society (Societatea Scriitorilor Români) was a professional association based in Bucharest, Romania, that aided the country's writers and promoted their interests.

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Romaniote Jews

The Romaniote Jews or the Romaniotes (Ῥωμανιῶτες, Rhomaniótes; Romanyotim) are a Greek-speaking ethnic Jewish community native to the Eastern Mediterranean.

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România liberă

România liberă is a Romanian daily newspaper founded in 1943 and currently based in Bucharest.

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România Literară

România Literară is a cultural and literary magazine from Romania.

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Romulus Dianu

Romulus Dianu (born Romulus Dima; March 22, 1905–August 25, 1975) was a Romanian prose writer, journalist and translator. Ion Vinea and Romulus Dianu are Romanian translators.

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The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR), previously known as the Russian Soviet Republic and the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, and unofficially as Soviet Russia,Declaration of Rights of the laboring and exploited people, article I. was an independent federal socialist state from 1917 to 1922, and afterwards the largest and most populous constituent republic of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1922 to 1991, until becoming a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with priority of Russian laws over Union-level legislation in 1990 and 1991, the last two years of the existence of the USSR..

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Sașa Pană

Sașa Pană (pen name of Alexandru Binder; 8 August 1902—22 August 1981) was a Romanian avant-garde poet, novelist, and short story writer. Ion Vinea and Sașa Pană are 20th-century Romanian poets, Romanian male poets, Romanian male short story writers, Romanian short story writers and Romanian surrealist writers.

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Saint Sava National College

The Saint Sava National College (Romanian: Colegiul Național Sfântul Sava), Bucharest, named after Sabbas the Sanctified, is the oldest and one of the most prestigious high schools in Romania.

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Sandu Tudor

Sandu Tudor (born Alexandru Al. Teodorescu, known in church records as Brother Agathon, later Daniil Teodorescu, Daniil Sandu Tudor, Daniil de la Rarău; December 22 or December 24, 1896 – November 17, 1962) was a Romanian poet, journalist, theologian and Orthodox monk. Ion Vinea and Sandu Tudor are 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century essayists, Censorship in Romania, Contimporanul writers, Expressionist poets, futurist writers, Gândirea, Romanian art critics, Romanian essayists, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian military personnel of World War I, Romanian newspaper editors and Romanian torture victims.

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Satire

Satire is a genre of the visual, literary, and performing arts, usually in the form of fiction and less frequently non-fiction, in which vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, often with the intent of exposing or shaming the perceived flaws of individuals, corporations, government, or society itself into improvement.

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Săptămîna

Săptămîna (The Week in Romanian) was a newspaper published in the Socialist Republic of Romania focusing on Bucharest's cultural scene.

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Sburătorul

Sburătorul was a Romanian modernist literary magazine and literary society, established in Bucharest in April 1919.

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Scarlat Callimachi

Scarlat Callimachi or Calimachi (nicknamed Prințul Roșu, "the Red Prince"; September 20, 1896 – June 2, 1975) was a Romanian journalist, essayist, futurist poet, trade unionist, and communist activist, a member of the Callimachi family of boyar and Phanariote lineage. Ion Vinea and Scarlat Callimachi are 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century Romanian politicians, 20th-century essayists, futurist writers, national Peasants' Party politicians, Romanian essayists, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male poets, Romanian newspaper editors and Romanian trade union leaders.

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Seara (newspaper)

Seara (meaning "The Evening") was a daily newspaper published in Bucharest, Romania, before and during World War I. Owned by politician Grigore Gheorghe Cantacuzino and, through most of its existence, managed by the controversial Alexandru Bogdan-Pitești, it was an unofficial and unorthodox tribune for the Conservative Party.

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Securitate

The Department of State Security (Departamentul Securității Statului), commonly known as the Securitate (lit. "Security"), was the secret police agency of the Socialist Republic of Romania.

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Sergiu Dan

Sergiu Dan (born Isidor Rotman or Rottman; December 29, 1903 – March 13, 1976) was a Romanian novelist, journalist, Holocaust survivor and political prisoner of the communist regime. Ion Vinea and Sergiu Dan are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian poets, Contimporanul writers, futurist writers, Romanian historical novelists, Romanian humorists, Romanian male poets, Romanian male short story writers, Romanian newspaper editors, Romanian short story writers, Romanian translators and socialist realism writers.

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Siguranța

Siguranța was the generic name for the successive secret police services in the Kingdom of Romania.

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Simbolul

Simbolul (Romanian for "The Symbol") was a Romanian avant-garde literary and art magazine, published in Bucharest between October and December 1912.

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Sketch story

A sketch story, literary sketch or simply sketch, is a piece of writing that is generally shorter than a short story, and contains very little, if any, plot.

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Social degeneration was a widely influential concept at the interface of the social and biological sciences in the 18th and 19th centuries.

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The social hygiene movement in the United States was an attempt by Progressive era reformers to control venereal disease, regulate prostitution and vice, and disseminate sexual education through the use of scientific research methods and modern media techniques.

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Social realism is the term used for work produced by painters, printmakers, photographers, writers and filmmakers that aims to draw attention to the real socio-political conditions of the working class as a means to critique the power structures behind these conditions.

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Socialist realism was the official cultural doctrine of the Soviet Union that mandated an idealized representation of life under socialism in literature and the visual arts.

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The Socialist Republic of Romania (Republica Socialistă România, RSR) was a Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist state that existed officially in Romania from 1947 to 1989 (see Revolutions of 1989).

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Soviet occupation of Romania

The Soviet occupation of Romania refers to the period from 1944 to August 1958, during which the Soviet Union maintained a significant military presence in Romania.

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Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.

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Sparring

Sparring is a form of training common to many combat sports including kickboxing.

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St. Bartholomew's Day massacre

The St.

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Stalinism

Stalinism is the totalitarian means of governing and Marxist–Leninist policies implemented in the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1927 to 1953 by dictator Joseph Stalin.

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Stephan Roll

Stephan Roll (pen name of Gheorghe Dinu, also credited as Stéphane, Stefan or Ștefan Roll; June 5, 1904 – May 14, 1974) was a Romanian poet, editor, film critic, and communist militant. Ion Vinea and Stephan Roll are 20th-century essayists, Adevărul editors, Censorship in Romania, Contimporanul writers, futurist writers, Romanian essayists, Romanian humorists, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian newspaper editors, Romanian propagandists and Romanian surrealist writers.

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Story structure

Story structure or narrative structure is the recognizable or comprehensible way in which a narrative's different elements are unified, including in a particularly chosen order and sometimes specifically referring to the ordering of the plot: the narrative series of events, though this can vary based on culture.

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Submachine gun

A submachine gun (SMG) is a magazine-fed automatic carbine designed to fire handgun cartridges.

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Superfluous man

The superfluous man (лишний человек, líshniy chelovék, "extra person") is an 1840s and 1850s Russian literary concept derived from the Byronic hero.

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Surrealism

Surrealism is an art and cultural movement that developed in Europe in the aftermath of World War I in which artists aimed to allow the unconscious mind to express itself, often resulting in the depiction of illogical or dreamlike scenes and ideas.

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Surrealist automatism

Surrealist automatism is a method of art-making in which the artist suppresses conscious control over the making process, allowing the unconscious mind to have great sway.

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Surrealist Manifesto

The Surrealist Manifesto refers to several publications by Yvan Goll and André Breton, leaders of rival surrealist groups.

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Switzerland during the World Wars

During World War I and World War II, Switzerland maintained armed neutrality, and was not invaded by its neighbors, in part because of its topography, much of which is mountainous.

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Symbolism (arts)

Symbolism was a late 19th-century art movement of French and Belgian origin in poetry and other arts seeking to represent absolute truths symbolically through language and metaphorical images, mainly as a reaction against naturalism and realism.

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Symbolist movement in Romania

The Symbolist movement in Romania, active during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, marked the development of Romanian culture in both literature and visual arts.

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Synaesthesia (rhetorical device)

Synaesthesia is a rhetorical device or figure of speech where one sense is described in terms of another.

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Take Ionescu

Take or Tache Ionescu (born Dumitru Ghiță Ioan and also known as Demetriu G. Ionnescu; – 21 June 1922) was a Romanian centrist politician, journalist, lawyer and diplomat, who also enjoyed reputation as a short story author. Ion Vinea and Take Ionescu are members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania), Romanian essayists, Romanian male short story writers, Romanian short story writers, Romanian writers in French and Saint Sava National College alumni.

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Tanit

Tanit or Tinnit (Punic: 𐤕𐤍𐤕 Tīnnīt (JStor)) was a chief deity of Ancient Carthage; she derives from a local Berber deity and the consort of Baal Hammon.

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Tatarbunary Uprising

The Tatarbunary Uprising (Răscoala de la Tatarbunar) was a Bolshevik-inspired and Soviet-backed peasant revolt that took place on 15–18 September 1924, in and around the town of Tatarbunary (Tatar-Bunar or Tatarbunar) in Budjak (Bessarabia), then part of Romania, now part of Odesa Oblast, Ukraine.

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Tămădău affair

The Tămădău affair (Afacerea Tămădău, Înscenarea de la Tămădău – "the Tămădău frameup" – or Fuga de la Tămădău – "the Tămădău flight") was an incident that took place in Romania in July 1947.

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Tender Is the Night

Tender Is the Night is the fourth and final novel completed by American writer F. Scott Fitzgerald.

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The Fall of the House of Usher

"The Fall of the House of Usher" is a short story by American writer Edgar Allan Poe, first published in 1839 in Burton's Gentleman's Magazine, then included in the collection Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque in 1840.

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The Great Gatsby

The Great Gatsby is a 1925 novel by American writer F. Scott Fitzgerald.

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The Holocaust in Romania

The Holocaust in Romania was the development of the Holocaust in the Kingdom of Romania.

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The Last Supper (Leonardo)

The Last Supper (Il Cenacolo or L'Ultima Cena) is a mural painting by the Italian High Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci, dated to, housed in the refectory of the Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan, Italy.

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The Seagull

The Seagull (r) is a play by Russian dramatist Anton Chekhov, written in 1895 and first produced in 1896.

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The Winter's Tale

The Winter's Tale is a play by William Shakespeare originally published in the First Folio of 1623.

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Timpul

Timpul (Romanian for "The Time") is a literary magazine published in Romania.

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Tiraspol

Tiraspol (Moldovan Cyrillic:; Тирасполь) is the capital and largest city of Transnistria, a breakaway state of Moldova, where it is the third-largest city.

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Titus Popovici

Titus Viorel Popovici (16 May 1930 – 29 November 1994) was a Romanian screenwriter and author.

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Transnistria Governorate

The Transnistria Governorate (Guvernământul Transnistriei) was a Romanian-administered territory between the Dniester and Southern Bug, conquered by the Axis Powers from the Soviet Union during Operation Barbarossa.

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Transylvania

Transylvania (Transilvania or Ardeal; Erdély; Siebenbürgen or Transsilvanien, historically Überwald, also Siweberjen in the Transylvanian Saxon dialect) is a historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania.

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Treaty of Bucharest (1916)

The Treaty of Bucharest of 1916 was signed between Romania and the Entente Powers on 4 (Old Style)/17 (New Style) August 1916 in Bucharest.

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Treaty of Bucharest (1918)

The Treaty of Bucharest (1918) was a peace treaty between Romania and the opposing Central Powers following the stalemate reached after the campaign of 1917. This left Romania isolated after Russia's unilateral exit from World War I (see the Armistice of Focșani and Treaty of Brest-Litovsk). Following the Central Powers' ultimatum issued during the between Ferdinand I of Romania and Ottokar Czernin, the Austro-Hungarian Foreign Minister, on at the Răcăciuni railway station, King Ferdinand summoned a on in Iași, the Romanian capital-in-exile.

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Tristan Tzara

Tristan Tzara (born Samuel or Samy Rosenstock, also known as S. Samyro; – 25 December 1963) was a Romanian avant-garde poet, essayist and performance artist. Ion Vinea and Tristan Tzara are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian poets, Romanian World War I poets, Romanian anti–World War I activists, Romanian art collectors, Romanian art critics, Romanian essayists, Romanian humorists, Romanian literary critics, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male poets, Romanian propagandists, Romanian surrealist writers, Romanian translators, Romanian writers in French and symbolist poets.

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Trotskyism

Trotskyism is the political ideology and branch of Marxism developed by Russian revolutionary and intellectual Leon Trotsky along with some other members of the Left Opposition and the Fourth International. Ion Vinea and Trotskyism are anti-Stalinist left.

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Tudor Arghezi

Ion Nae Theodorescu (21 May 1880 – 14 July 1967) was a Romanian writer who wrote under the pen name Tudor Arghezi (. He is best known for his unique contribution to poetry and children's literature. Ion Vinea and Tudor Arghezi are 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century essayists, Adevărul columnists, Contimporanul writers, Romanian art critics, Romanian essayists, Romanian humorists, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male poets, Saint Sava National College alumni, socialist Republic of Romania rehabilitations, symbolist novelists and symbolist poets.

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Tudor Teodorescu-Braniște

Tudor Teodorescu-Braniște (April 12, 1899 – March 23, 1969) was a Romanian journalist. Ion Vinea and Tudor Teodorescu-Braniște are Adevărul editors and Romanian newspaper editors.

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Tudor Vianu

Tudor Vianu (January 8, 1898 – May 21, 1964) was a Romanian literary critic, art critic, poet, philosopher, academic, and translator. Ion Vinea and Tudor Vianu are 20th-century Romanian poets, 20th-century essayists, English–Romanian translators, Gândirea, people from Giurgiu, Romanian art critics, Romanian essayists, Romanian literary critics, Romanian magazine editors, Romanian male poets, Romanian translators, symbolist poets and translators of William Shakespeare.

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Tuzla, Constanța

Tuzla is a commune in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania, including the village with the same name.

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Unreliable narrator

In literature, film, and other such arts, an unreliable narrator is a narrator who cannot be trusted, one whose credibility is compromised.

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Unu

unu (Romanian for "one"; lower case used on purpose) was the name of an avant-garde art and literary magazine, published in Romania from April 1928 to December 1932.

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Urmuz

Urmuz (pen name of Demetru Dem. Demetrescu-Buzău, also known as Hurmuz or Ciriviș, born Dimitrie Dim. Ionescu-Buzeu; March 17, 1883 – November 23, 1923) was a Romanian writer, lawyer and civil servant, who became a cult hero in Romania's avant-garde scene. Ion Vinea and Urmuz are 20th-century Romanian poets, futurist writers, Romanian fantasy writers, Romanian humorists, Romanian male poets, Romanian male short story writers, Romanian military personnel of World War I and Romanian short story writers.

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Valea Călugărească

Valea Călugărească is a commune in Prahova County, Muntenia, Romania.

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Vasile Demetrius

Vasile Demetrius (pen name of Vasile Dumitrescu; October 1, 1878–March 15, 1942) was an Austro-Hungarian-born Romanian prose writer, poet and translator. Ion Vinea and Vasile Demetrius are 20th-century Romanian poets, Romanian male poets, Romanian novelists, Romanian socialists and Romanian translators.

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Vasile Voiculescu

Vasile Voiculescu (literary pseudonym V. Voiculescu; 27 November 1884 – 26 April 1963) was a Romanian poet, short-story writer, playwright, and physician. Ion Vinea and Vasile Voiculescu are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian poets, Censorship in Romania, deaths from cancer in Romania, Romanian male poets, Romanian male short story writers and Romanian short story writers.

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Vatra (Romanian magazine)

The Vatra literary magazine was founded in 1885 by Ion Luca Caragiale, George Coşbuc and Ioan Slavici and was published in Romanian in the city of Târgu Mureş, Transylvania, Austria-Hungary (now in Romania).

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Viața Românească

Viața Românească ("The Romanian Life") is a monthly literary magazine published in Romania.

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Victor Eftimiu

Victor Eftimiu (24 January 1889 – 27 November 1972) was a Romanian poet and playwright. Ion Vinea and Victor Eftimiu are 20th-century Romanian dramatists and playwrights, 20th-century Romanian poets and Romanian male poets.

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Virgil Madgearu

Virgil Traian N. Madgearu (December 14, 1887 – November 27, 1940) was a Romanian economist, sociologist, and left-wing politician, prominent member and main theorist of the Peasants' Party and of its successor, the National Peasants' Party (PNȚ). Ion Vinea and Virgil Madgearu are 20th-century Romanian politicians, 20th-century essayists, national Peasants' Party politicians, Romanian essayists, Romanian human rights activists, Romanian magazine editors and Romanian writers in French.

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Vladimir Lenin

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (1870 – 21 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin, was a Russian revolutionary, politician and political theorist.

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Vladimir Mayakovsky

Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky (Ru-Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky.ogg; – 14 April 1930) was a Soviet Russian poet, playwright, artist, and actor. Ion Vinea and Vladimir Mayakovsky are futurist writers and socialist realism writers.

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Vlaicu Bârna

Vlaicu Victor Virgil Bârna (December 4, 1913 – March 11, 1999) was an Austro-Hungarian-born Romanian poet. Ion Vinea and Vlaicu Bârna are Romanian magazine editors, Romanian newspaper editors, Romanian novelists, Romanian translators and socialist realism writers.

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Vyacheslav Molotov

Vyacheslav Mikhaylovich Molotov (9 March 1890 – 8 November 1986) was a Soviet politician, diplomat, and revolutionary who was a leading figure in the government of the Soviet Union from the 1920s to the 1950s, as one of Joseph Stalin's closest allies.

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Walt Whitman

Walter Whitman Jr. (May 31, 1819 – March 26, 1892) was an American poet, essayist, and journalist.

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Warehouseman

A warehouseman, also known as a warehouse worker, warehouse operator, or warehouse technician, is someone who works in a warehouse, usually delivering goods for sale or storage, or, in older usage, someone who owns a warehouse and sells goods directly from it or from a shop fronting onto the warehouse (similar to a modern Cash and carry).

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Washington Irving

Washington Irving (April 3, 1783 – November 28, 1859) was an American short-story writer, essayist, biographer, historian, and diplomat of the early 19th century.

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Western Moldavia

Western Moldavia (Moldova Occidentală, Moldova de Apus, Moldova de Vest), also called Romanian Moldavia, or simply just Moldova is the core historic and geographical part of the former Principality of Moldavia situated in eastern and north-eastern Romania. Until its union with Wallachia in 1859, the Principality of Moldavia also included, at various times in its history, the regions of Bessarabia (with the Budjak), all of Bukovina, and Hertsa; the larger part of the former is nowadays the independent state of Moldova, while the rest of it, the northern part of Bukovina, and Hertsa form territories of Ukraine.

See Ion Vinea and Western Moldavia

Westernization

Westernization (or Westernisation, see spelling differences), also Europeanisation or occidentalization (from the Occident), is a process whereby societies come under or adopt what is considered to be Western culture, in areas such as industry, technology, science, education, politics, economics, lifestyle, law, norms, mores, customs, traditions, values, mentality, perceptions, diet, clothing, language, writing system, religion, and philosophy.

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William Shakespeare

William Shakespeare (23 April 1564 – 23 April 1616) was an English playwright, poet and actor.

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World peace

World peace is the concept of an ideal state of peace within and among all people and nations on Planet Earth.

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World revolution

World revolution is the Marxist concept of overthrowing capitalism in all countries through the conscious revolutionary action of the organized working class.

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Writers' Union of Romania

The Writers' Union of Romania, founded in March 1949, is a professional association of writers in Romania.

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Young Turk Revolution

The Young Turk Revolution (July 1908) was a constitutionalist revolution in the Ottoman Empire.

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Zaharia Stancu

Zaharia Stancu (October 7, 1902 – December 5, 1974) was a Romanian prose writer, novelist, poet, and philosopher. Ion Vinea and Zaharia Stancu are 20th-century Romanian poets and Romanian male poets.

See Ion Vinea and Zaharia Stancu

Zigu Ornea

Zigu Ornea (born Zigu Orenstein Andrei Vasilescu,, in, Vol. II, Nr. 1, January–June 2008, p. 85. or OrnsteinGeorge Ardeleanu,, in Observator Cultural, Nr. 363, March 2007. and commonly known as Z. Ornea; August 28, 1930 – November 14, 2001) was a Romanian cultural historian, literary critic, biographer and book publisher. Ion Vinea and Zigu Ornea are 20th-century essayists, Censorship in Romania, Romanian essayists and Romanian literary critics.

See Ion Vinea and Zigu Ornea

Zimmerwald Conference

The Zimmerwald Conference was held in Zimmerwald, Switzerland, from September 5 to 8, 1915.

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Zionism

Zionism is an ethno-cultural nationalist movement that emerged in Europe in the late 19th century and aimed for the establishment of a Jewish state through the colonization of a land outside of Europe.

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Zoe Dumitrescu-Bușulenga

Zoe Dumitrescu-Bușulenga (August 20, 1920 – May 5, 2006) was a Romanian comparatist and essayist. Ion Vinea and Zoe Dumitrescu-Bușulenga are 20th-century essayists, Romanian essayists, Romanian literary critics and Romanian magazine editors.

See Ion Vinea and Zoe Dumitrescu-Bușulenga

1928 Romanian general election

General elections were held in Romania in December 1928.

See Ion Vinea and 1928 Romanian general election

1931 Romanian general election

General elections were held in Romania in June 1931.

See Ion Vinea and 1931 Romanian general election

1944 Romanian coup d'état

The 1944 Romanian coup d'état, better known in Romanian historiography as the Act of 23 August (Actul de la 23 august), was a coup d'état led by King Michael I of Romania during World War II on 23 August 1944.

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19th-century French literature

19th-century French literature concerns the developments in French literature during a dynamic period in French history that saw the rise of Democracy and the fitful end of Monarchy and Empire.

See Ion Vinea and 19th-century French literature

391 (magazine)

391 was a Dada-affiliated arts and literary magazine created by Francis Picabia, published between 1917 and 1924 in Barcelona, Zürich and New York City.

See Ion Vinea and 391 (magazine)

See also

20th-century Romanian diarists

Adevărul columnists

Adevărul editors

Contimporanul writers

Deaths from cancer in Romania

Decadent literature

English–Romanian translators

Expressionist poets

French–Romanian translators

Futurist writers

Gândirea

Latin–Romanian translators

People from Giurgiu

Plasterers

Psychological fiction writers

Republicanism in the Kingdom of Romania

Romanian Naval Forces personnel

  • Ion Vinea

Romanian World War I poets

Romanian activist journalists

Romanian anti–World War I activists

Romanian art collectors

Romanian erotica writers

Romanian fantasy writers

Romanian historical novelists

Romanian human rights activists

Romanian people of French descent

Romanian surrealist writers

Romanian torture victims

Romanian trade union leaders

Romanian war correspondents of World War II

Russian–Romanian translators

Symbolist novelists

Translators from Icelandic

Translators from Swedish

Translators of Edgar Allan Poe

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_Vinea

Also known as Ioan Eugen Iovanaki, Ion Eugen Iovanaki, Ion Iovanaki, Iovanaki, Ivan Aniew.

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