Iraqi Turkmen, the Glossary
The Iraqi Turkmen (also spelled as Turkoman and Turcoman; Irak Türkmenleri), also referred to as Iraqi Turks, Turkish-Iraqis, the Turkish minority in Iraq, and the Iraqi-Turkish minority (translitIrāq; Irak Türkleri) are Iraq's third largest ethnic group.[1]
Table of Contents
274 relations: Abbas al-Bayati, Abbas the Great, Abbasid Caliphate, Abdul-Karim Qasim, Afshar dialect, Al Jazeera English, Al Jazeera Media Network, Al-Monitor, Ali Saip Ursavaş, Altun Kupri, Amel Senan, Amine Gülşe Özil, Amirli, Anatolia, Ankara, Anushtegin dynasty, Aq Qoyunlu, Arabic, Arabic script, Arabization, Arabs, Arshad al-Salihi, Assyrian people, ATV (Turkish TV channel), Australia, Azerbaijan, Azerbaijani language, Çankaya, Ankara (neighbourhood), Üner Kırdar, İhsan Doğramacı, İsmet Hürmüzlü, Ba'ath Party, Ba'athism, Ba'athist Iraq, Badra, Iraq, Baghdad, Baqubah, Bashir, Iraq, Bayrak, BBC, Bilkent University, Brill Publishers, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, Bulgaria, Cambridge University Press, Canada, Capture of Baghdad (1624), Catholic Church, Center for Middle Eastern Strategic Studies, Central Asia, ... Expand index (224 more) »
- Ethnic groups in Iraq
- Indigenous peoples of West Asia
- Iraqi Turkmens
- Muslim communities in Asia
Abbas al-Bayati
Natik Abbas Hasan al-Bayati is an Iraqi Shiite Turkmen politician and a member of the Iraqi National Assembly.
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Abbas the Great
Abbas I (translit; 27 January 1571 – 19 January 1629), commonly known as Abbas the Great (translit), was the fifth shah of Safavid Iran from 1588 to 1629.
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Abbasid Caliphate
The Abbasid Caliphate or Abbasid Empire (translit) was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
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Abdul-Karim Qasim
Abdul-Karim Qasim Muhammad Bakr al-Fadhli al-Zubaidi (عبد الكريمقاسم; 21 November 1914 – 9 February 1963) was an Iraqi military officer and nationalist who came to power in 1958 when the Iraqi monarchy was overthrown during the 14 July Revolution.
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Afshar dialect
Afshar or Afshari (Əfşar dialekti) is a Turkic dialect spoken in Turkey, Iran, Syria, and parts of Afghanistan by the Afshars.
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Al Jazeera English
Al Jazeera English (AJE; lit) is a 24-hour English-language news channel operating under Al Jazeera Media Network, which is partially funded by the government of Qatar.
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Al Jazeera Media Network (AJMN; The Peninsula) is a private-media conglomerate headquartered at Wadi Al Sail, Doha, funded in part by the government of Qatar.
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Al-Monitor
Al-Monitor is a news website launched in 2012 by the Arab-American entrepreneur Jamal Daniel.
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Ali Saip Ursavaş
Ali Saip Ursavaş, also known as Ali Saib Bey (1885, in Rowanduz – September 25, 1939 in Adana) was an Iraqi-Turkish officer of Kurdish origin, having served in the Ottoman and Turkish armies, and one of the early key members of CHP.
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Altun Kupri
Altun Kupri (التون كوبري, lit, translit) is a town in Kirkuk Governorate, Iraq.
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Amel Senan
Emel Sinan Saeed Abdullqader (أمل سنان سعيد عبد القادر; born October 22, 1966) is an Iraqi Turkmen actress known for her role of Nadia of the 1988 Iraqi television series Nadia.
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Amine Gülşe Özil
Amine Gülşe Özil (born 30 April 1993) is a Turkish-Swedish actress, model and beauty pageant titleholder born and raised in Sweden.
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Amirli
Amirli (ʾĀmirlī; Emirli) also spelt Amerli, is a predominantly Shia Turkmen town in Saladin Governorate, Iraq, approximately 100 km from the Iranian border.
Anatolia
Anatolia (Anadolu), also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula or a region in Turkey, constituting most of its contemporary territory.
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Ankara
Ankara, historically known as Ancyra and Angora, is the capital of Turkey. Located in the central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5.1 million in its urban center and 5.8 million in Ankara Province, making it Turkey's second-largest city after Istanbul, but first by the urban area (4,130 km2).
Anushtegin dynasty
The Anushtegin dynasty or Anushteginids (English:, خاندان انوشتکین), also known as the Khwarazmian dynasty (خوارزمشاهیان) was a PersianateC. E. Bosworth:.
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Aq Qoyunlu
The Aq Qoyunlu or the White Sheep Turkomans (Ağqoyunlular) was a culturally Persianate,Kaushik Roy, Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400–1750, (Bloomsbury, 2014), 38; "Post-Mongol Persia and Iraq were ruled by two tribal confederations: Akkoyunlu (White Sheep) (1378–1507) and Qaraoyunlu (Black Sheep).
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Arabic
Arabic (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, or عَرَبِيّ, or) is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world.
Arabic script
The Arabic script is the writing system used for Arabic and several other languages of Asia and Africa.
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Arabization
Arabization or Arabicization (translit) is a sociological process of cultural change in which a non-Arab society becomes Arab, meaning it either directly adopts or becomes strongly influenced by the Arabic language, culture, literature, art, music, and ethnic identity as well as other socio-cultural factors.
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Arabs
The Arabs (عَرَب, DIN 31635:, Arabic pronunciation), also known as the Arab people (الشَّعْبَ الْعَرَبِيّ), are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa. Iraqi Turkmen and Arabs are ethnic groups in the Middle East and Muslim communities in Asia.
Arshad al-Salihi
Arshad al-Salihi (أرشد الصالحي, Erşat Salihi) is an Iraqi Turkmen politician who has been leader of the Iraqi Turkmen Front since May 2011, and a member of the Iraqi parliament since 2010.
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Assyrian people
Assyrians are an indigenous ethnic group native to Mesopotamia, a geographical region in West Asia. Iraqi Turkmen and Assyrian people are ethnic groups in Iraq, ethnic groups in the Middle East and indigenous peoples of West Asia.
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ATV (Turkish TV channel)
ATV (stylized as atv) is a Turkish free-to-air television network owned by Turkuvaz Media Group.
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Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands.
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Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and West Asia.
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Azerbaijani language
Azerbaijani or Azeri, also referred to as Azeri Turkic or Azeri Turkish, is a Turkic language from the Oghuz sub-branch.
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Çankaya, Ankara (neighbourhood)
Çankaya is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Çankaya, Ankara Province, Turkey.
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Üner Kırdar
Üner Kirdar (born 1 January 1933) is a noted author on international development issues, retired Turkish diplomat and senior United Nations official.
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İhsan Doğramacı
İhsan Doğramacı (3 April 1915 – 25 February 2010) was a Turkish paediatrician, entrepreneur, philanthropist, educationalist and college administrator of Iraqi Turkmen descent born in today's Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq then Ottoman Empire.
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İsmet Hürmüzlü
İsmet Hürmüzlü (1938 – 19 January 2013) was an Iraqi Turkmen actor, screenwriter and director.
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Ba'ath Party
The Arab Socialist Baʿth Party (also anglicized as Ba'ath in loose transcription; البعث العربي الاشتراكي) was a political party founded in Syria by Mishel ʿAflaq, Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn al-Bīṭār, and associates of Zakī al-ʾArsūzī.
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Ba'athism
Ba'athism, also spelled Baathism, is an Arab nationalist ideology which promotes the creation and development of a unified Arab state through the leadership of a vanguard party over a socialist revolutionary government.
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Ba'athist Iraq
Ba'athist Iraq, officially the Iraqi Republic (1968–1992) and later the Republic of Iraq (1992–2003), was the Iraqi state between 1968 and 2003 under the rule of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party.
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Badra, Iraq
Badra (بدرة) is a town in eastern Iraq in Wasit Governorate, near the Iranian border.
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Baghdad
Baghdad (or; translit) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab and in West Asia after Tehran.
Baqubah
Baqubah (بَعْقُوبَة; BGN: Ba‘qūbah; also spelled Baquba and Baqouba) is the capital of Iraq's Diyala Governorate.
Bashir, Iraq
Bashir (Bašīr, Beşir) is a village in Iraq, located south of Kirkuk.
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Bayrak
Bayrak Radio and Television Corporation (Bayrak Radyo Televizyon Kurumu; BRT, Bayrak means flag or banner in Turkish), is the official radio and television broadcasting corporation of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.
BBC
The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, England.
Bilkent University
Bilkent University (Bilkent Üniversitesi) is a non-profit private university located in Ankara, Turkey.
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Brill Publishers
Brill Academic Publishers, also known as E. J. Brill, Koninklijke Brill, Brill, is a Dutch international academic publisher of books and journals.
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British Institute for the Study of Iraq
The British Institute for the Study of Iraq (BISI) (formerly the British School of Archaeology in Iraq) is the only body in Britain devoted to research into the ancient civilizations and languages of Mesopotamia.
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Bulgaria
Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. Located west of the Black Sea and south of the Danube river, Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey to the south, Serbia and North Macedonia to the west, and Romania to the north. It covers a territory of and is the 16th largest country in Europe.
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Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.
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Canada
Canada is a country in North America.
Capture of Baghdad (1624)
The Capture of Baghdad (1624) by the Safavid army under Abbas the Great occurred on 14 January 1624, which was part of the ongoing war between Sultan Murad IV against Shah Abbas I.
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Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.
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Center for Middle Eastern Strategic Studies
The Center for Middle Eastern Studies (Ortadoğu Araştırmaları Merkezi), also known as ORSAM, is a non-profit, non-partisan think tank in Ankara, Turkey, founded on January 1, 2009.
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Central Asia
Central Asia is a subregion of Asia that stretches from the Caspian Sea in the southwest and Eastern Europe in the northwest to Western China and Mongolia in the east, and from Afghanistan and Iran in the south to Russia in the north.
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Chicago
Chicago is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and in the Midwestern United States.
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia.
Christianity
Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.
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Citadel Christians
The Citadel Christians (Turkish: Kâle Hristiyanları; colloquially: قلعه مسیحیلری; romanised: Qəl‘ə Məsihiləri) are a community of ethnic Assyrians who speak their own dialect of Turkish and religiously follow the Chaldean Catholic Church.
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Constituent assembly
A constituent assembly (also known as a constitutional convention, constitutional congress, or constitutional assembly) is a body assembled for the purpose of drafting or revising a constitution.
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Council of Representatives of Iraq
The Council of Representatives (Majlis an-Nuwwāb al-ʿIrāqiyy; ئهنجومهنی نوێنهران, Encûmena Nûnerên Iraqê), usually referred to simply as the Parliament, is the unicameral legislature of the Republic of Iraq.
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Cultural assimilation
Cultural assimilation is the process in which a minority group or culture comes to resemble a society's majority group or assimilates the values, behaviors, and beliefs of another group whether fully or partially.
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Culture of Turkey
The culture of Turkey (Türkiye kültürü) or the Turkish culture (Türk kültürü) combines a heavily diverse and heterogeneous set of elements that have been derived from the various cultures of the Eastern European, Eastern Mediterranean, Caucasian, Middle Eastern and Central Asian traditions.
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Cumhuriyet
Cumhuriyet (English: "Republic") is the oldest up-market Turkish daily newspaper.
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Cypriot Turkish
Cypriot Turkish (Kıbrıs Türkçesi) is a dialect of the Turkish language spoken by Turkish Cypriots both in Cyprus and among its diaspora.
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Cyprus
Cyprus, officially the Republic of Cyprus, is an island country in the eastern Mediterranean Sea.
David Chokachi
David Chokachi (born January 16, 1968) is an American film and television actor.
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De facto
De facto describes practices that exist in reality, regardless of whether they are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms.
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De Gruyter
Walter de Gruyter GmbH, known as De Gruyter, is a German scholarly publishing house specializing in academic literature.
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December 2005 Iraqi parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Iraq on 15 December 2005, following the approval of a new constitution in a referendum of 15 October.
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Democratic Patriotic Alliance of Kurdistan
The Democratic Patriotic Alliance of Kurdistan (DPAK) sometimes referred to simply as the Kurdistan Alliance (KA) is the name of the electoral coalition first presented as a united Kurdish list in the January 2005 election in Iraq.
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Demographics of Iraq
The Iraqi people (العراقيون; گهلی عیراق; Syriac: ܥܡܐ ܥܝܪܩܝܐ; Turkish: Iraklılar) are people originating from the country of Iraq.
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Denmark
Denmark (Danmark) is a Nordic country in the south-central portion of Northern Europe.
Diala
Diala is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Dialidae.
Diglossia
In linguistics, diglossia is a situation in which two dialects or languages are used (in fairly strict compartmentalization) by a single language community.
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Diyala Governorate
Diyala Governorate (محافظة ديالى) or Diyala Province is a governorate in northeastern Iraq.
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Diyarbakır
Diyarbakır (local pronunciation: Dikranagerd), formerly Diyarbekir, is the largest Kurdish-majority city in Turkey.
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Duhok
Duhok (translit; Dohūk.; Beth Nohadra., Dohok) is a city in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.
Eastern Anatolia Region
The Eastern Anatolia Region (Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi) is a geographical region of Turkey.
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Edinburgh University Press
Edinburgh University Press is a scholarly publisher of academic books and journals, based in Edinburgh, Scotland.
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Encyclopædia Britannica
The British Encyclopaedia is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.
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Encyclopædia Iranica
Encyclopædia Iranica is a project whose goal is to create a comprehensive and authoritative English-language encyclopedia about the history, culture, and civilization of Iranian peoples from prehistory to modern times.
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Erbil
Erbil (أربيل,; ܐܲܪܒܹܝܠ), also called Hawler, is the capital and most populated city in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.
Erbil Governorate
Erbil Governorate (پارێزگای ھەولێر,Parêzgeha Hewlêr, Muḥāfaẓat Arbīl) is a governorate in the Kurdistan Region.
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Erzurum
Erzurum is a city in eastern Anatolia, Turkey.
Esad Erbili
Esad Erbili or Mehmed Esad Efendi (1847 – March 1931) was a sheikh of the Naqshi-Khalidi Sufi order.
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Ethnic cleansing
Ethnic cleansing is the systematic forced removal of ethnic, racial, or religious groups from a given area, with the intent of making the society ethnically homogeneous.
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Eyalet
Eyalets (ایالت), also known as beylerbeyliks or pashaliks, were the primary administrative divisions of the Ottoman Empire.
Fahmi Said
Colonel Fahmi Said (فهمي سعيد; 1898 – 5 May 1942) was one of the Four Colonels of the Golden Square, a pro-Nazi cabal that briefly overthrew the Hashemite monarchy in Iraq in 1941.
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Faisal I of Iraq
Faisal I bin al-Hussein bin Ali al-Hashemi (فيصل الأول بن الحسين بن علي الهاشمي, Fayṣal al-Awwal bin al-Ḥusayn bin ʻAlī al-Hāshimī; 20 May 1885 – 8 September 1933) was King of Iraq from 23 August 1921 until his death in 1933.
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Faisal II
Faisal II (translit; 2 May 1935 – 14 July 1958) was the last King of Iraq.
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Farah Zeynep Abdullah
Farah Zeynep Abdullah (born 17 August 1989) is a Turkish actress and singer.
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Fathi Safwat Kirdar
Fathi Safwat Kirdar (1896–1966) was an Iraqi painter and sculptor.
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Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
The Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) is the ministry of foreign affairs and a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom.
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Fuzuli (poet)
Muhammad bin Suleyman (Məhəmməd Süleyman oğlu, italic; 1483–1556), better known by his pen name Fuzuli (Füzuli, italic), was a 16th-century poet who composed works in his native Azerbaijani, as well as Persian and Arabic.
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Gökböri
Gökböri, or Muzaffar ad-Din Gökböri, was a leading emir and general of Sultan Saladin (Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb), and ruler of Erbil. He served both the Zengid and Ayyubid rulers of Syria and Egypt. He played a pivotal role in Saladin's conquest of Northern Syria and the Jazira (Upper Mesopotamia) and later held major commands in a number of battles against the Crusader states and the forces of the Third Crusade.
Gökhan Kırdar
Gökhan Kırdar (born 2 June 1970) is a Turkish musician and film score composer.
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Georgetown University Press
Georgetown University Press is a university press affiliated with Georgetown University that publishes about forty new books a year.
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Germany
Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), is a country in Central Europe.
GlobalSecurity.org
GlobalSecurity.org is an American independent, nonpartisan, nonprofit organization that serves as a think tank, and research and consultancy group.
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Google Books
Google Books (previously known as Google Book Search, Google Print, and by its code-name Project Ocean) is a service from Google that searches the full text of books and magazines that Google has scanned, converted to text using optical character recognition (OCR), and stored in its digital database.
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Government of Kurdistan Region
The Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) (حکوومەتی هەرێمی کوردستان, Hikûmetî Herêmî Kurdistan; حكومة إقليمكردستان, Ḥukūmat ʾIqlīm Kurdistān) is the official executive body of the semi-autonomous Kurdistan Region in northern Iraq.
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Government of the United Kingdom
The Government of the United Kingdom (formally His Majesty's Government, abbreviated to HM Government) is the central executive authority of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
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Greece
Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe.
Greenwood Publishing Group
Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. (GPG), also known as ABC-Clio/Greenwood (stylized ABC-CLIO/Greenwood), is an educational and academic publisher (middle school through university level) which is today part of ABC-Clio.
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Gulf War
The Gulf War was an armed conflict between Iraq and a 42-country coalition led by the United States.
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Hacettepe University
Hacettepe University is a leading state university in Ankara, Turkey.
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Hanafi school
The Hanafi school or Hanafism (translit) is one of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam.
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Harrassowitz Verlag
Harrassowitz Verlag is a German academic publishing house, based in Wiesbaden.
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Hasan Rıza Pasha
Hasan Rıza Pasha (1871 – 30 January 1913) was a general in the Ottoman Army.
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Hidir Lutfi
Hidir Lutfi (1880 – 23 June 1959) was an Iraqi poet.
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Hijri Dede
Mahmud ibn Ali ibn Naziri known by his pen name Hijri and his title Dede/Dade (1881 - 11 December 1952) was an Iraqi Turkmen poet and writer. Iraqi Turkmen and Hijri Dede are Iraqi Turkmens.
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Hikmat Sulayman
Hikmat Sulayman (1889 – 16 June 1964) (حكمت سليمان) was prime minister of Iraq from October 30, 1936 to August 12, 1937 at the head of a Party of National Brotherhood government.
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Human rights in post-invasion Iraq
Human rights in post-invasion Iraq have been the subject of concerns and controversies since the 2003 U.S. invasion.
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Human Rights Watch
Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization headquartered in New York City that conducts research and advocacy on human rights.
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Imad al-Din Zengi
Imad al-Din Zengi (عماد الدین زنكي; – 14 September 1146), also romanized as Zangi, Zengui, Zenki, and Zanki, was a Turkoman atabeg of the Seljuk Empire, who ruled Mosul, Aleppo, Hama, and, later, Edessa.
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International Crisis Group
The International Crisis Group (ICG; also known as the Crisis Group) is a global non-profit, non-governmental organisation founded in 1995.
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Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI), also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Turkey to the northwest and Iraq to the west, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Caspian Sea, and Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south.
Iraq
Iraq, officially the Republic of Iraq, is a country in West Asia and a core country in the geopolitical region known as the Middle East.
Iraq Levies
The Assyrian Levies (also known as the Iraq Levies) were the first Iraqi military force established by the British in British controlled Iraq.
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Iraq–Turkey relations
Iraqi–Turkish relations are foreign relations between Iraq and Turkey.
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Iraqi Accord Front
The Iraqi Accord Front or Iraqi Accordance Front (Arabic: جبهة التوافق العراقية Jabhet Al-Tawafuq Al-'Iraqiyah) also known as Tawafuq is an Iraqi Sunni political coalition created on October 26, 2005 by the Iraqi Islamic Party to contest the December 2005 general election.
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Iraqi Communist Party
The Iraqi Communist Party (الحزب الشيوعي العراقي; ḥizbī šiyūʿītē ʿirāqī) is a communist party and the oldest active party in Iraq.
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Iraqi Police
The Iraqi Police (IP) is the uniformed police force responsible for the enforcement of civil law in Iraq.
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Iraqi Turkmen
The Iraqi Turkmen (also spelled as Turkoman and Turcoman; Irak Türkmenleri), also referred to as Iraqi Turks, Turkish-Iraqis, the Turkish minority in Iraq, and the Iraqi-Turkish minority (translitIrāq; Irak Türkleri) are Iraq's third largest ethnic group. Iraqi Turkmen and Iraqi Turkmen are ethnic groups in Iraq, ethnic groups in the Middle East, indigenous peoples of West Asia, Iraqi Turkmens and Muslim communities in Asia.
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Iraqi Turkmen Front
The Iraqi Turkmen Front (abbreviated as ITF) is a political movement representing the Iraqi Turkmen people. It was founded on April 5, 1995 as a coalition of several Turkmen parties operating within the framework of Iraq's unity. The party aims for the Turkmen community to have greater political involvement, increased recognition and more rights.
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Islam
Islam (al-Islām) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder.
Istanbul
Istanbul is the largest city in Turkey, straddling the Bosporus Strait, the boundary between Europe and Asia.
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Ja'far al-Askari
Ja'far Pasha al-Askari (جعفر باشا العسكري,; 15 September 1885 – 29 October 1936) was an Iraqi politician who served twice as Prime Minister of Iraq in 1923–1924 and again in 1926–1927.
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Jalal Talabani
Jalal Talabani (translit; جلال طالباني; 12 November 1933 – 3 October 2017) was an Iraqi politician who served as the sixth president of Iraq from 2005 to 2014, as well as the president of the Governing Council of Iraq.
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Jamil Sidqi al-Zahawi
Jamil Sidqi al-Zahawi (جميل صدقي الزهاوي,; 17 June 1863 – January 1936) was a prominent Iraqi poet and philosopher.
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January 2005 Iraqi parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Iraq on 30 January 2005 to elect the new National Assembly, alongside governorate elections and a parliamentary election in Kurdistan Region.
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Jasim Mohammed Jaafar
Jasim Mohammed Jaafar (جاسممحمد جعفر) is an Iraqi politician who served as Minister for Youth & Sports in Nouri al-Maliki's government.
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John Benjamins Publishing Company
John Benjamins Publishing Company is an independent academic publisher in social sciences and humanities with its head office in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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Kamil Chadirji
Kamil Chadirji (1897–1968, كامل الجادرچي.), also spelled Kamil al-Chadirji or Kamel al-Chaderji, was an Iraqi politician, photographer, lawyer, activist, and founder of the National Democratic Party in Iraq.
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Karbala
Karbala or Kerbala (Karbalāʾ) is a city in central Iraq, located about southwest of Baghdad, and a few miles east of Lake Milh, also known as Razzaza Lake.
Khairi Al-Hindawi
Khairuddin bin Saleh bin Abdul Qadir bin Khudhur Al-Hindawi Al-Hassani (Arabic:خيرالدين بن صالح بن عبدالقادر بن خضر الهنداوي الحسني) was an Iraqi poet and a governor of several provinces.
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Khanaqin
Khanaqin (خانقين; translit) is the central city of Khanaqin District in Diyala Governorate, Iraq, near the Iranian border (8 km) on the Alwand tributary of the Diyala River.
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Kifri
Kifri (کفري; translit; Kifri) is the central town of Kifri District in Diyala Governorate, Iraq.
Kirkuk
Kirkuk (كركوك; translit;; Kerkük) is a city in Iraq, serving as the capital of the Kirkuk Governorate, located north of Baghdad.
Kirkuk Governorate
Kirkuk Governorate (Muḥāfaẓat Karkūk; Parêzgeha Kerkûkê/Parêzgayi Kerkûk; Kerkük ili) or Kirkuk Province is a governorate in northern Iraq.
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Kurdification
Kurdification is a cultural change in which people, territory, or language become Kurdish.
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Kurdish language
Kurdish (Kurdî, کوردی) is a Northwestern Iranian language or group of languages spoken by Kurds in the region of Kurdistan, namely in Turkey, northern Iraq, northwest and northeast Iran, and Syria.
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Kurdistan 24
Kurdistan 24 (K24) is a Kurdish broadcast news station based in Erbil, Kurdistan Region of Iraq, with foreign bureaus in Washington, DC.
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Kurdistan Democratic Party
The Kurdistan Democratic Party (Partiya Demokrat a Kurdistanê), usually abbreviated as KDP or PDK, is the ruling party in Iraqi Kurdistan and the senior partner in the Kurdistan Regional Government.
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Kurdistan List
The Kurdistan List (لیستی كوردستان Lîstî Kurdistani), also known as the Kurdistan Alliance or the Brotherhood List, is the name of the electoral coalition that ran in the Kurdistan Regional Government parliamentary elections in Iraqi Kurdistan in July 2009.
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Kurdistan Region
Kurdistan Region (KRI; Herêmî Kurdistan; Herêma Kurdistanê; Iqlīm Kurdistān) is an autonomous administrative entity within the Republic of Iraq.
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Kurds
Kurds or Kurdish people (rtl, Kurd) are an Iranic ethnic group native to the mountainous region of Kurdistan in Western Asia, which spans southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Iraq, and northern Syria. Iraqi Turkmen and Kurds are ethnic groups in the Middle East.
Latin alphabet
The Latin alphabet, also known as the Roman alphabet, is the collection of letters originally used by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language.
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Latin script
The Latin script, also known as the Roman script, is a writing system based on the letters of the classical Latin alphabet, derived from a form of the Greek alphabet which was in use in the ancient Greek city of Cumae in Magna Graecia.
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Lütfi Kırdar
Mehmet Lütfi Kırdar (March 15, 1887 – February 17, 1961) was a Turkish physician, civil servant, politician and Minister of Health and Social Security.
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League of Nations
The League of Nations (LN or LoN; Société des Nations, SdN) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace.
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Lebanese Turkmen
Lebanese Turkmen (Lübnan Türkmenleri; أتراك لبنان, Atrāk Lubnān), also known as the Lebanese Turks, are people of Turkish ancestry that live in Lebanon.
See Iraqi Turkmen and Lebanese Turkmen
Library of Congress
The Library of Congress (LOC) is a research library in Washington, D.C. that serves as the library and research service of the U.S. Congress and the de facto national library of the United States.
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Lingua franca
A lingua franca (for plurals see), also known as a bridge language, common language, trade language, auxiliary language, vehicular language, or link language, is a language systematically used to make communication possible between groups of people who do not share a native language or dialect, particularly when it is a third language that is distinct from both of the speakers' native languages.
See Iraqi Turkmen and Lingua franca
Liwa (Arabic)
Liwa (لواء,, "ensign" or "banner") has developed various meanings in Arabic.
See Iraqi Turkmen and Liwa (Arabic)
Ma'ruf al-Rusafi
Ma'ruf bin Abd al-Ghani al-Rusafi (معروف الرصافي; 1875 – 16 March 1945) was a poet, educationist and literary scholar from Iraq.
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Malatya
Malatya (translit; Syriac ܡܠܝܛܝܢܐ Malīṭīná; Meletî; Ancient Greek: Μελιτηνή) is a large city in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey and the capital of Malatya Province.
Mandali, Iraq
Mandali (مندلي, translit) is a town in Balad Ruz District, Diyala Governorate in Iraq, near the Iranian border.
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Mandate for Mesopotamia
The Mandate for Mesopotamia (al-Intidāb ʿalā Bilād mā bayn an-Nahrayn) was a proposed League of Nations mandate to cover Ottoman Iraq (Mesopotamia).
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Manisa
Manisa, historically known as Magnesia, is a city in Turkey's Aegean Region and the administrative seat of Manisa Province, lying approximately 40 km northeast of the major city of İzmir.
Masoud Barzani
Masoud Barzani (translit; born 16 August 1946) is a Kurdish politician who has been leader of the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) since 1979, and was President of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq from 2005 to 2017.
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Mecca
Mecca (officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, commonly shortened to Makkah) is the capital of Mecca Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia and the holiest city according to Islam.
Mehmet Türkmehmet
Mehmet Türkmehmet (born 18 October 1980 in Kirkuk, Iraq) is an Iraqi Turkmen professional football midfielder.
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Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia is a historical region of West Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in the northern part of the Fertile Crescent.
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Middle East
The Middle East (term originally coined in English Translations of this term in some of the region's major languages include: translit; translit; translit; script; translit; اوْرتاشرق; Orta Doğu.) is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq.
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Middle East Forum
The Middle East Forum (MEF) is an American conservative 501(c)(3) think tank founded in 1990 by Daniel Pipes, who serves as its president.
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Minorities in Iraq
Minorities in Iraq include various ethnic and religious groups. Iraqi Turkmen and Minorities in Iraq are ethnic groups in Iraq.
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Miss Germany
Miss Germany is a national beauty pageant in Germany.
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Miss Turkey
The Miss Turkey (Türkiye Güzellik Kraliçesi) is a national Beauty pageant in Turkey.
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Modality (linguistics)
In linguistics and philosophy, modality refers to the ways language can express various relationships to reality or truth.
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Mohammed Abdullah al-Shahwani
Mohammed Abdullah al-Shahwani is an Iraqi general and the former director of the Iraqi National Intelligence Service.
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Mohammed Mahdi al-Bayati
Mohammed Mahdi Ameen al-Bayati (born 1962) is an Iraqi politician who was the Minister of Human Rights from 9 September 2014 to 16 August 2015.
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Mosul
Mosul (al-Mawṣil,,; translit; Musul; Māwṣil) is a major city in northern Iraq, serving as the capital of Nineveh Governorate.
Mosul vilayet
The Mosul Vilayet (ولاية الموصل; Vilâyet-i Musul) was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire.
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Muhammad Sadiq Hassan
Mohammed Sadiq Hassan 'Awni Effendi (1886 - 1 July 1967) was an Iraqi polyglot poet and writer. Iraqi Turkmen and Muhammad Sadiq Hassan are Iraqi Turkmens.
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Murad IV
Murad IV (مراد رابع, Murād-ı Rābiʿ; IV., 27 July 1612 – 8 February 1640) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1623 to 1640, known both for restoring the authority of the state and for the brutality of his methods.
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Muslim minority of Greece
The Muslim minority of Greece is the only explicitly recognized minority in Greece.
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Muslims
Muslims (God) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition.
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, also known as Mustafa Kemal Pasha until 1921, and Ghazi Mustafa Kemal from 1921 until the Surname Law of 1934 (1881 – 10 November 1938), was a Turkish field marshal, revolutionary statesman, author, and the founding father of the Republic of Turkey, serving as its first president from 1923 until his death in 1938.
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National Iraqi Alliance
The National Iraqi Alliance (NIA or INA; Al-I’tilāf al-Waṭanī al-‘Irāqī), also known as the Watani List, is an Iraqi electoral coalition that contested the 2010 Iraqi legislative election.
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Nemir Kirdar
Nemir Amin Kirdar (28 October 1936 – 8 June 2020) was an Iraqi banker, billionaire, businessman, financier and author.
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Netherlands
The Netherlands, informally Holland, is a country located in Northwestern Europe with overseas territories in the Caribbean.
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New Testament
The New Testament (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon.
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New Zealand
New Zealand (Aotearoa) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.
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Nineveh Governorate
Nineveh or Ninawa Governorate (muḥāfaẓat Naynawā; Hoparkiya d’Ninwe, Parêzgeha Neynewa) is a governorate in northern Iraq.
See Iraqi Turkmen and Nineveh Governorate
Northern Cyprus
Northern Cyprus, officially the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC), is a de facto state that comprises the northeastern portion of the island of Cyprus.
See Iraqi Turkmen and Northern Cyprus
Nuri al-Said
Nuri Pasha al-Said CH (نوري السعيد; December 1888 – 15 July 1958) was an Iraqi politician during the Mandatory Iraq and the Hashemite Kingdom of Iraq.
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Oghuz languages
The Oghuz languages are a sub-branch of the Turkic language family, spoken by approximately 108 million people.
See Iraqi Turkmen and Oghuz languages
Oghuz Turks
The Oghuz Turks (Middle Turkic: ٱغُز, Oγuz) were a western Turkic people who spoke the Oghuz branch of the Turkic language family.
See Iraqi Turkmen and Oghuz Turks
Ottoman dynasty
The Ottoman dynasty (Osmanlı Hanedanı) consisted of the members of the imperial House of Osman (Ḫānedān-ı Āl-i ʿOsmān), also known as the Ottomans (Osmanlılar).
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Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.
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Ottoman Turkish
Ottoman Turkish (Lisân-ı Osmânî,; Osmanlı Türkçesi) was the standardized register of the Turkish language in the Ottoman Empire (14th to 20th centuries CE).
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Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.
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Patrick Clawson
Patrick Lyell Clawson (born March 30, 1951) is an American economist and Middle East scholar.
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Patriotic Union of Kurdistan
The Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK; translit) is a political party active in Kurdistan Region and the disputed territories in Iraq.
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Pergamon Press
Pergamon Press was an Oxford-based publishing house, founded by Paul Rosbaud and Robert Maxwell, that published scientific and medical books and journals.
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Persian language
Persian, also known by its endonym Farsi (Fārsī|), is a Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages.
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Prestige (sociolinguistics)
In sociolinguistics, prestige is the level of regard normally accorded a specific language or dialect within a speech community, relative to other languages or dialects.
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Qara Qoyunlu
The Qara Qoyunlu or Kara Koyunlu (Qaraqoyunlular,; قره قویونلو), also known as the Black Sheep Turkomans, were a culturally Persianate, Muslim Turkoman "Kara Koyunlu, also spelled Qara Qoyunlu, Turkish Karakoyunlular, English Black Sheep, Turkmen tribal federation that ruled Azerbaijan, Armenia, and Iraq from about 1375 to 1468." "Better known as Turkomans...
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Racial discrimination
Racial discrimination is any discrimination against any individual on the basis of their race, ancestry, ethnicity, and/or skin color and hair texture.
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Rashad Mandan Omar
Rashad Mandan Omar is an Iraqi politician and engineer who was Minister of Science and Technology in the cabinet appointed by the Interim Iraq Governing Council in September 2003 and in the Iraqi Interim Government.
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Reha Muhtar
Reha Muhtar (born 21 July 1959) is a Turkish anchorman, columnist and television reporter of Iraqi Turkmen descent.
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Rena Kirdar
Rena Kirdar (born 1969) is an Iraqi socialite.
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Rifat Chadirji
Rifat Chadirji (رفعة الجادرجي Rifa'ah al-Jādarjī, also Romanized Rifa'at Al Chaderchi; 6 December 1926 – 10 April 2020) was an Iraqi Turkmen architect.
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Rize
Rize (Ριζούντα; რიზინი; რიზე; Ռիզե) is a coastal city in the eastern part of the Black Sea Region of Turkey.
Routledge
Routledge is a British multinational publisher.
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Rowman & Littlefield
Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group is an American independent academic publishing company founded in 1949.
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Saadeddin Arkej
Saadeddin Mohammed Amin Arkej (سعد الدين محمد أمين أركيج, Sadettin Ergeç), is an Iraqi Turkmen politician and the honorary leader of the Iraqi Turkmen Front (ITF) political party.
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Saddam Hussein
Saddam Hussein (28 April 1937 – 30 December 2006) was an Iraqi politician and revolutionary who served as the fifth president of Iraq from 1979 to 2003.
See Iraqi Turkmen and Saddam Hussein
Sadiyah
Sadiyah (Al-Sadiyah; translit) is a town in Diyala Governorate, Iraq.
Safavid Iran
Safavid Iran, Safavid Persia or the Safavid Empire,, officially known as the Guarded Domains of Iran, was one of the largest and long-standing Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty.
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Saladin Governorate
The Saladin, Salah ad Din, or Salah Al-Din Governorate (محافظة صلاح الدين) is one of Iraq's 19 governorates, north of Baghdad.
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Salih Neftçi
Salih Nur Neftçi (14 July 1947 – 15 April 2009) was a leading expert in the fields of financial markets and financial engineering.
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Satellite television
Satellite television is a service that delivers television programming to viewers by relaying it from a communications satellite orbiting the Earth directly to the viewer's location.
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Scott Taylor (journalist)
Scott Taylor (born December 30, 1960) is a Canadian journalist, author and publisher who specializes in military journalism and war reporting.
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Secularity
Secularity, also the secular or secularness (from Latin saeculum, "worldly" or "of a generation"), is the state of being unrelated or neutral in regards to religion.
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Selim Bayraktar
Selim Bayraktar (born 17 June 1975) is an Iraqi-Turkish actor best known for his role as "Sümbül Ağa" in Muhteşem Yüzyıl.
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Seljuk dynasty
The Seljuk dynasty, or Seljukids (سلجوقیان Saljuqian, alternatively spelled as Seljuqs or Saljuqs), Seljuqs, also known as Seljuk Turks, Seljuk Turkomans "The defeat in August 1071 of the Byzantine emperor Romanos Diogenes by the Turkomans at the battle of Malazgirt (Manzikert) is taken as a turning point in the history of Anatolia and the Byzantine Empire." or the Saljuqids, was an Oghuz Turkic, Sunni Muslim dynasty that gradually became Persianate and contributed to Turco-Persian culture in West Asia and Central Asia.
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Seljuk Empire
The Seljuk Empire, or the Great Seljuk Empire, was a high medieval, culturally Turco-Persian, Sunni Muslim empire, established and ruled by the Qïnïq branch of Oghuz Turks.
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Shia Islam
Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam.
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Sinjar
Sinjar (Sinjār; translit, Shingar) is a town in the Sinjar District of the Nineveh Governorate in northern Iraq.
Southeastern Anatolia Region
The Southeastern Anatolia Region (Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi) is a geographical region of Turkey.
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Sovereignty
Sovereignty can generally be defined as supreme authority.
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Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.
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Stanford University Press
Stanford University Press (SUP) is the publishing house of Stanford University.
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Suleiman the Magnificent
Suleiman I (Süleyman-ı Evvel; I.,; 6 November 14946 September 1566), commonly known as Suleiman the Magnificent in Western Europe and Suleiman the Lawgiver (Ḳānūnī Sulṭān Süleymān) in his Ottoman realm, was the longest-reigning sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1520 until his death in 1566.
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Sunni Islam
Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims, and simultaneously the largest religious denomination in the world.
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Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe.
Syntax
In linguistics, syntax is the study of how words and morphemes combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences.
Syria
Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant.
Syriac language
The Syriac language (Leššānā Suryāyā), also known natively in its spoken form in early Syriac literature as Edessan (Urhāyā), the Mesopotamian language (Nahrāyā) and Aramaic (Aramāyā), is an Eastern Middle Aramaic dialect. Classical Syriac is the academic term used to refer to the dialect's literary usage and standardization, distinguishing it from other Aramaic dialects also known as 'Syriac' or 'Syrian'.
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Syrian Turkmen
Syrian Turkmen (translit; Suriye Türkmenleri) are Syrian citizens of Turkish origin who mainly trace their roots to Anatolia (i.e. modern Turkey).
See Iraqi Turkmen and Syrian Turkmen
Tabriz
Tabriz (تبریز) is a city in the Central District of Tabriz County, in the East Azerbaijan province of northwestern Iran.
Tal Afar
Tal Afar (Talʿafar) is a city in the Nineveh Governorate of northwestern Iraq, located west of Mosul, east of Sinjar.
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Talib Mushtaq
Talib Mushtaq was a diplomat and Arab nationalist in Iraq during the 1930s.
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Tarzan of Manisa
Tarzan of Manisa (Turkish: Manisa Tarzanı) is a pseudonym of Ahmet bin Carlak (1899, Samarra, Ottoman Empire – 31 May 1963, Manisa, Turkey), a Turkish environmentalist who lived on Mount Sipylus near Manisa, in western Turkey, for 40 years.
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Taylor & Francis
Taylor & Francis Group is an international company originating in England that publishes books and academic journals.
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Taza Khurmatu
Taza Khurmatu or Taza (Tāzah Ḵūrmātū, lit) is a town in Iraq, located south of Kirkuk.
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Türkmeneli TV
Türkmeneli Televizyonu, or simply Türkmeneli TV, is a television station in Iraq which broadcasts the interests of the Iraqi Turkmen community. Iraqi Turkmen and Türkmeneli TV are Iraqi Turkmens.
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Tertiary education
Tertiary education, also referred to as third-level, third-stage or post-secondary education, is the educational level following the completion of secondary education.
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TGRT
TGRT (initialism of Türkiye Gazete Radyo Televizyon, 'Türkiye Newspaper, Radio, Television') was a Turkish free-to-air television channel.
The Daily Register
The Daily Register and The Eldorado Daily Journal are sister daily newspapers published in Harrisburg, Illinois, United States.
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The New York Times
The New York Times (NYT) is an American daily newspaper based in New York City.
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The New Yorker
The New Yorker is an American magazine featuring journalism, commentary, criticism, essays, fiction, satire, cartoons, and poetry.
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The State Journal-Register
The State Journal-Register is the only local daily newspaper for Springfield, Illinois, and its surrounding area.
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Treaty of Zuhab
The Treaty of Zuhab (عهدنامه زهاب, Ahadnāmah Zuhab), also called Treaty of Qasr-e Shirin (Kasr-ı Şirin Antlaşması), was an accord signed between the Safavid Empire and the Ottoman Empire on May 17, 1639.
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Tughril I
Abu Talib Muhammad Tughril ibn Mika'il (ابوطالبْ محمد طغرل بن میکائیل), better known as Tughril (طغرل / طغریل; also spelled Toghril / Tughrul), was a Turkoman"The defeat in August 1071 of the Byzantine emperor Romanos Diogenes by the Turkomans at the battle of Malazgirt (Manzikert) is taken as a turning point in the history of Anatolia and the Byzantine Empire.
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Turkey
Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly in Anatolia in West Asia, with a smaller part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe.
Turkic languages
The Turkic languages are a language family of more than 35 documented languages, spoken by the Turkic peoples of Eurasia from Eastern Europe and Southern Europe to Central Asia, East Asia, North Asia (Siberia), and West Asia.
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Turkic Languages (journal)
Turkic Languages is a peer-reviewed biannual academic journal published by Harrassowitz.
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Turkish alphabet
The Turkish alphabet (Türk alfabesi) is a Latin-script alphabet used for writing the Turkish language, consisting of 29 letters, seven of which (Ç, Ğ, I, İ, Ö, Ş and Ü) have been modified from their Latin originals for the phonetic requirements of the language.
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Turkish communities in the former Ottoman Empire
The Turkish communities in the former Ottoman Empire refers to ethnic Turks, who are the descendants of Ottoman-Turkish settlers from Anatolia and Eastern Thrace, living outside of the modern borders of the Republic of Turkey and in the independent states which were formerly part of the Ottoman Empire.
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Turkish language
Turkish (Türkçe, Türk dili also Türkiye Türkçesi 'Turkish of Turkey') is the most widely spoken of the Turkic languages, with around 90 to 100 million speakers.
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Turkish people
Turkish people or Turks (Türkler) are the largest Turkic people who speak various dialects of the Turkish language and form a majority in Turkey and Northern Cyprus. Iraqi Turkmen and Turkish people are ethnic groups in the Middle East.
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Turkish Radio and Television Corporation
The Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT; Turkish: Türkiye Radyo ve Televizyon Kurumu) is the national public broadcaster of Turkey, founded in 1964.
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Turkmen Brigades (Popular Mobilization Forces)
The Turkmen Brigades are Iraqi Turkmen militias formed as part of the Popular Mobilization Forces in 2014.
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Turkmen Culture House
The Turkmen Culture House (Turkish: Türkmen Kültür Evi; Arabic: بيت التراث التركماني) is an exhibition located within the Citadel of Erbil, in the center of Erbil, northern Iraq. Iraqi Turkmen and Turkmen Culture House are Iraqi Turkmens.
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Turkmeneli
Turkmeneli, also known as Turkmenland, and historically as Turcomania, (lit), and East Turkmeneli (Doğu Türkmeneli) is a political term used to define the vast swath of territory in which the Iraqi Turkmens historically have had a dominant population. Iraqi Turkmen and Turkmeneli are Iraqi Turkmens.
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Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan is a country in Central Asia bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, east and northeast, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south and southwest and the Caspian Sea to the west.
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Turkmens
Turkmens (Türkmenler, italic,,; historically "the Turkmen") are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia, living mainly in Turkmenistan, northern and northeastern regions of Iran and north-western Afghanistan. Iraqi Turkmen and Turkmens are ethnic groups in the Middle East.
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Turkology
Turkology (or Turcology or Turkic studies) is a complex of humanities sciences studying languages, history, literature, folklore, culture, and ethnology of people speaking Turkic languages and Turkic peoples in chronological and comparative context.
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Turks in the Arab world
The Turks in the Arab world refers to ethnic Turkish people who live in the Arab world. Iraqi Turkmen and Turks in the Arab world are ethnic groups in the Middle East.
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Turks of Western Thrace
Turks of Western Thrace (Batı Trakya Türkleri; Toúrkoi tis Dytikís Thrákis) are ethnic Turks who live in Western Thrace, in the province of East Macedonia and Thrace in Northern Greece.
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Tuz Khurmatu
Tuz Khurmatu (طوزخورماتو, Tuzhurmatu, translit, also spelled as Tuz Khurma and Tuz Khormato) is the central city of Tooz District in Saladin Governorate, Iraq, located south of Kirkuk.
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Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad
Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad (translit) was the Umayyad governor of Basra, Kufa and Khurasan during the reigns of caliphs Mu'awiya I and Yazid I, and the leading general of the Umayyad army under caliphs Marwan I and Abd al-Malik.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of the continental mainland.
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United States
The United States of America (USA or U.S.A.), commonly known as the United States (US or U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America.
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University of Pennsylvania Press
The University of Pennsylvania Press, also known as Penn Press, is a university press affiliated with the University of Pennsylvania, an Ivy League university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization
The Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization, or simply UNPO is an international organization established to facilitate the voices of unrepresented and marginalised nations and peoples worldwide.
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Urfa
Urfa, officially called Şanlıurfa, is a city in southeastern Turkey and the capital of Şanlıurfa Province.
Variety (magazine)
Variety is an American magazine owned by Penske Media Corporation.
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World War I
World War I (alternatively the First World War or the Great War) (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918) was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers.
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Yasin al-Hashimi
Yasin al-Hashimi (born Yasin Hilmi Salman; ياسين الهاشمي‎; 1884 – 21 January 1937) was an Iraqi military officer and politician who twice served as the prime minister.
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Younis Mahmoud
Younis Mahmoud Khalaf (يُونُس مَحمُود خَلَف; born 3 February 1983) is an Iraqi former professional footballer who played as a forward for the Iraq national football team and is currently the second vice-president of the Iraq Football Association.
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Zengid dynasty
The Zengid or Zangid dynasty, Atabegs of Mosul (Arabic: الدولة الزنكية romanized: al-Dawla al-Zinkia) was an Atabegate of the Seljuk Empire created in 1127.
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14 July Revolution
The 14 July Revolution, also known as the 1958 Iraqi military coup, was a coup d'état that took place on 14 July 1958 in Iraq which resulted in the toppling of King Faisal II and the overthrow of the Hashemite-led Kingdom of Iraq.
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2009 Taza bombing
The 20 June 2009 Taza bombing was an attack which took place in Taza near Kirkuk, Iraq on 20 June 2009 in a dominant Shia Turkmen community.
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2015 European migrant crisis
During 2015, there was a period of significantly increased movement of refugees and migrants into Europe.
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See also
Ethnic groups in Iraq
- Afro-Iraqis
- Arab Christians
- Arab-Persians
- Assyrian people
- Assyrians in Iraq
- Bedouin
- Chechens
- Circassians
- Circassians in Iraq
- Doms in Iraq
- History of the Jews in Iraq
- Ingush people
- Iranians in Iraq
- Iraqi Armenians
- Iraqi Turkmen
- Iraqi Turkmens
- Iraqis
- Kurdish people
- Kurds in Iraq
- Mandaeans
- Marsh Arabs
- Minorities in Iraq
- Palestinians in Iraq
- Shabak people
- Shabaks
- Solluba
- Sudanese Iraqis
- Tribes of Iraq
- Yazidis in Iraq
- Yazidism in Iraq
- Zuṭṭ
Indigenous peoples of West Asia
- Armenian people
- Armenians
- Assyrian people
- Bakhtiari people
- Bedouins in Israel
- Daseni
- Georgians
- Iraqi Turkmen
- Israelites
- Kurdish people
- Laz people
- Lurs
- Mamasani (tribe)
- Mandaeans
- Persians
- Pontic Greeks
- Rephaites
- Samaritans
- Semitic-speaking peoples
- Talysh people
- Yazidis
Iraqi Turkmens
- Gavurbağı massacre
- Hijri Dede
- Iraqi Turkmen
- Kirdar
- Muhammad Sadiq Hassan
- Türkmeneli TV
- Turkmen Culture House
- Turkmeneli
Muslim communities in Asia
- Al-Muhamashīn
- Anderkoti
- Arabs
- Dafali
- Iraqi Turkmen
- Kamein
- Karakalpaks
- Kyrgyz people
- Panthays
- Tatars of Kazakhstan
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraqi_Turkmen
Also known as Flag of Turkmeneli, History of the Iraqi Turkmens, Iraqi Turk, Iraqi Turkish, Iraqi Turkman, Iraqi Turkman language, Iraqi Turkmen language, Iraqi Turkmens, Iraqi Turkoman, Iraqi Turkomen, Iraqi Turks, Persecution of Iraqi Turkmens, Turkish Iraqis, Turkmen of Iraq, Turkomans of Iraq, Turks in Iraq, Turks of Iraq.
, Chicago, China, Christianity, Citadel Christians, Constituent assembly, Council of Representatives of Iraq, Cultural assimilation, Culture of Turkey, Cumhuriyet, Cypriot Turkish, Cyprus, David Chokachi, De facto, De Gruyter, December 2005 Iraqi parliamentary election, Democratic Patriotic Alliance of Kurdistan, Demographics of Iraq, Denmark, Diala, Diglossia, Diyala Governorate, Diyarbakır, Duhok, Eastern Anatolia Region, Edinburgh University Press, Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Iranica, Erbil, Erbil Governorate, Erzurum, Esad Erbili, Ethnic cleansing, Eyalet, Fahmi Said, Faisal I of Iraq, Faisal II, Farah Zeynep Abdullah, Fathi Safwat Kirdar, Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, Fuzuli (poet), Gökböri, Gökhan Kırdar, Georgetown University Press, Germany, GlobalSecurity.org, Google Books, Government of Kurdistan Region, Government of the United Kingdom, Greece, Greenwood Publishing Group, Gulf War, Hacettepe University, Hanafi school, Harrassowitz Verlag, Hasan Rıza Pasha, Hidir Lutfi, Hijri Dede, Hikmat Sulayman, Human rights in post-invasion Iraq, Human Rights Watch, Imad al-Din Zengi, International Crisis Group, Iran, Iraq, Iraq Levies, Iraq–Turkey relations, Iraqi Accord Front, Iraqi Communist Party, Iraqi Police, Iraqi Turkmen, Iraqi Turkmen Front, Islam, Istanbul, Ja'far al-Askari, Jalal Talabani, Jamil Sidqi al-Zahawi, January 2005 Iraqi parliamentary election, Jasim Mohammed Jaafar, John Benjamins Publishing Company, Kamil Chadirji, Karbala, Khairi Al-Hindawi, Khanaqin, Kifri, Kirkuk, Kirkuk Governorate, Kurdification, Kurdish language, Kurdistan 24, Kurdistan Democratic Party, Kurdistan List, Kurdistan Region, Kurds, Latin alphabet, Latin script, Lütfi Kırdar, League of Nations, Lebanese Turkmen, Library of Congress, Lingua franca, Liwa (Arabic), Ma'ruf al-Rusafi, Malatya, Mandali, Iraq, Mandate for Mesopotamia, Manisa, Masoud Barzani, Mecca, Mehmet Türkmehmet, Mesopotamia, Middle East, Middle East Forum, Minorities in Iraq, Miss Germany, Miss Turkey, Modality (linguistics), Mohammed Abdullah al-Shahwani, Mohammed Mahdi al-Bayati, Mosul, Mosul vilayet, Muhammad Sadiq Hassan, Murad IV, Muslim minority of Greece, Muslims, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, National Iraqi Alliance, Nemir Kirdar, Netherlands, New Testament, New Zealand, Nineveh Governorate, Northern Cyprus, Nuri al-Said, Oghuz languages, Oghuz Turks, Ottoman dynasty, Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Turkish, Oxford University Press, Patrick Clawson, Patriotic Union of Kurdistan, Pergamon Press, Persian language, Prestige (sociolinguistics), Qara Qoyunlu, Racial discrimination, Rashad Mandan Omar, Reha Muhtar, Rena Kirdar, Rifat Chadirji, Rize, Routledge, Rowman & Littlefield, Saadeddin Arkej, Saddam Hussein, Sadiyah, Safavid Iran, Saladin Governorate, Salih Neftçi, Satellite television, Scott Taylor (journalist), Secularity, Selim Bayraktar, Seljuk dynasty, Seljuk Empire, Shia Islam, Sinjar, Southeastern Anatolia Region, Sovereignty, Soviet Union, Stanford University Press, Suleiman the Magnificent, Sunni Islam, Sweden, Syntax, Syria, Syriac language, Syrian Turkmen, Tabriz, Tal Afar, Talib Mushtaq, Tarzan of Manisa, Taylor & Francis, Taza Khurmatu, Türkmeneli TV, Tertiary education, TGRT, The Daily Register, The New York Times, The New Yorker, The State Journal-Register, Treaty of Zuhab, Tughril I, Turkey, Turkic languages, Turkic Languages (journal), Turkish alphabet, Turkish communities in the former Ottoman Empire, Turkish language, Turkish people, Turkish Radio and Television Corporation, Turkmen Brigades (Popular Mobilization Forces), Turkmen Culture House, Turkmeneli, Turkmenistan, Turkmens, Turkology, Turks in the Arab world, Turks of Western Thrace, Tuz Khurmatu, Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad, United Kingdom, United States, University of Pennsylvania Press, Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization, Urfa, Variety (magazine), World War I, Yasin al-Hashimi, Younis Mahmoud, Zengid dynasty, 14 July Revolution, 2009 Taza bombing, 2015 European migrant crisis.