Iridaceae, the Glossary
Iridaceae is a family of plants in order Asparagales, taking its name from the irises.[1]
Table of Contents
147 relations: Afrocrocus, Afrosolen, Afrotropical realm, Alophia, Andes, Antarctica, Antoine Laurent de Jussieu, Aristea, Asparagales, Atlantic Ocean, Australasia, Babiana, Bee, Bobartia, Bulb, Butterfly, Calydorea, Carl Linnaeus, Chasmanthe, Chasmanthe floribunda, Cipura, Circumscription (taxonomy), Clade, Cladogenesis, Cobana, Codonorhiza, Corm, Crocoideae, Crocosmia, Crocus, Crocus vernus, Cyanixia, Cypella, Deciduous, Devia xeromorpha, Dierama, Dietes, Diplarrena, Doryanthes, Duthiastrum, Elaiophore, Eleutherine, Endemism, Ennealophus, Evergreen, Ferraria, Floral symmetry, Freesia, Fynbos, Geissorhiza, ... Expand index (97 more) »
- Asparagales families
- Extant Selandian first appearances
- Selandian first appearances
Afrocrocus
Afrocrocus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae.
Afrosolen
Afrosolen is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Iridaceae.
Afrotropical realm
The Afrotropical realm is one of the Earth's eight biogeographic realms.
See Iridaceae and Afrotropical realm
Alophia
Alophia is a small genus of perennial, herbaceous and bulbous plants in the family Iridaceae.
Andes
The Andes, Andes Mountains or Andean Mountain Range are the longest continental mountain range in the world, forming a continuous highland along the western edge of South America.
Antarctica
Antarctica is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent.
Antoine Laurent de Jussieu
Antoine Laurent de Jussieu (12 April 1748 – 17 September 1836) was a French botanist, notable as the first to publish a natural classification of flowering plants; much of his system remains in use today.
See Iridaceae and Antoine Laurent de Jussieu
Aristea
Aristea is a genus of evergreen, perennial and rhizomatous species of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described in 1789.
Asparagales
Asparagales (asparagoid lilies) is an order of plants in modern classification systems such as the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) and the Angiosperm Phylogeny Web.
Atlantic Ocean
The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, with an area of about.
See Iridaceae and Atlantic Ocean
Australasia
Australasia is a subregion of Oceania, comprising Australia, New Zealand, and some neighbouring islands in the Pacific Ocean.
Babiana
BabianaSunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607 is a genus of geophytes in the family Iridaceae with 93 recognized species.
Bee
Bees are winged insects closely related to wasps and ants, known for their roles in pollination and, in the case of the best-known bee species, the western honey bee, for producing honey.
Bobartia
Bobartia is a genus of evergreen, perennial and bulbous plants in the iris family (Iridaceae).
Bulb
In botany, a bulb is a short underground stem with fleshy leaves or leaf bases that function as food storage organs during dormancy.
Butterfly
Butterflies are winged insects from the lepidopteran suborder Rhopalocera, characterized by large, often brightly coloured wings that often fold together when at rest, and a conspicuous, fluttering flight.
Calydorea
Calydorea is a small genus of perennial, herbaceous and bulbous plants in the family Iridaceae native to Mexico and South America.
Carl Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,Blunt (2004), p. 171.
See Iridaceae and Carl Linnaeus
Chasmanthe
Chasmanthe is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described in 1932.
Chasmanthe floribunda
Chasmanthe floribunda is a species of flowering plant in the iris family which is known by the common name African flag.
See Iridaceae and Chasmanthe floribunda
Cipura
Cipura is a genus of perennial, herbaceous and bulbous plants in the family Iridaceae, related to the genus Cypella. The plants are widely distributed in Mexico, Central, the West Indies, and South America.
Circumscription (taxonomy)
In biological taxonomy, circumscription is the content of a taxon, that is, the delimitation of which subordinate taxa are parts of that taxon.
See Iridaceae and Circumscription (taxonomy)
Clade
In biological phylogenetics, a clade, also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a grouping of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree.
Cladogenesis
Cladogenesis is an evolutionary splitting of a parent species into two distinct species, forming a clade.
See Iridaceae and Cladogenesis
Cobana
Cobana is a genus of herbaceous, perennial and bulbous plants in the family Iridaceae.
Codonorhiza
Codonorhiza is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Iridaceae.
Corm
Corm, bulbo-tuber, or bulbotuber is a short, vertical, swollen underground plant stem that serves as a storage organ that some plants use to survive winter or other adverse conditions such as summer drought and heat (perennation).
Crocoideae
Crocoideae is one of the major subfamilies in the family Iridaceae.
Crocosmia
Crocosmia, also known as montbretia, is a small genus of flowering plants in the iris family, Iridaceae.
Crocus
Crocus (plural: crocuses or croci) is a genus of seasonal flowering plants in the family Iridaceae (iris family) comprising about 100 species of perennials growing from corms.
Crocus vernus
Crocus vernus (spring crocus, giant crocus) is a species in Family Iridaceae, native to the Alps, the Pyrenees, and the Balkans.
See Iridaceae and Crocus vernus
Cyanixia
Cyanixia is a genus of plants in the Iridaceae, first described in 2003.
Cypella
Cypella is a genus of herbaceous, perennial and bulbous plants in the family Iridaceae.
Deciduous
In the fields of horticulture and botany, the term deciduous means "falling off at maturity" and "tending to fall off", in reference to trees and shrubs that seasonally shed leaves, usually in the autumn; to the shedding of petals, after flowering; and to the shedding of ripe fruit.
Devia xeromorpha
Devia is a genus of plants in the family Iridaceae first described in 1990.
See Iridaceae and Devia xeromorpha
Dierama
Dierama is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae.
Dietes
Dietes is a genus of six rhizomatous plant species of the iris family Iridaceae, first described collectively in 1866.
Diplarrena
Diplarrena is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae.
Doryanthes
Doryanthes is the sole genus in the flowering plant family Doryanthaceae.
Duthiastrum
Duthiastrum is a genus of plants in the Iridaceae.
Elaiophore
An elaiophore (from Gr. elaion -oil and phorein -carry) is a plant organ that secretes oil.
Eleutherine
Eleutherine is a genus of herbaceous, perennial and bulbous plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1843.
Endemism
Endemism is the state of a species only being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere.
Ennealophus
Ennealophus is a genus of perennial, herbaceous and bulbous plants in the family Iridaceae.
Evergreen
In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional throughout the year.
Ferraria
Ferraria is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, native to tropical and southern Africa.
Floral symmetry
Floral symmetry describes whether, and how, a flower, in particular its perianth, can be divided into two or more identical or mirror-image parts.
See Iridaceae and Floral symmetry
Freesia
Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Christian Friedrich Ecklon (1886) and named after the German botanist and medical practitioner, Friedrich Freese (1795–1876).
Fynbos
Fynbos is a small belt of natural shrubland or heathland vegetation located in the Western Cape and Eastern Cape provinces of South Africa.
Geissorhiza
Geissorhiza is a genus with 103 species described to date of deciduous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae first described as a genus in 1803.
Gelasine
Gelasine is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described in 1840.
Geosiris
Geosiris is a genus in the flowering plant family Iridaceae, first described in 1894.
Gladiolus
Gladiolus (from Latin, the diminutive of gladius, a sword) is a genus of perennial cormous flowering plants in the iris family (Iridaceae).
Glossary of botanical terms
This glossary of botanical terms is a list of definitions of terms and concepts relevant to botany and plants in general.
See Iridaceae and Glossary of botanical terms
Ground tissue
The ground tissue of plants includes all tissues that are neither dermal nor vascular.
See Iridaceae and Ground tissue
Herbertia (plant)
Herbertia is a small genus of herbaceous, perennial and bulbous plants in the family Iridaceae.
See Iridaceae and Herbertia (plant)
Hesperantha
Hesperantha is a genus of cormous flowering plants in the family Iridaceae.
Hesperoxiphion
Hesperoxiphion is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1877.
See Iridaceae and Hesperoxiphion
Holocene
The Holocene is the current geological epoch, beginning approximately 11,700 years ago.
Homoplasy
Homoplasy, in biology and phylogenetics, is the term used to describe a feature that has been gained or lost independently in separate lineages over the course of evolution.
Hymenoptera
Hymenoptera is a large order of insects, comprising the sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants.
Inflorescence
An inflorescence, in a flowering plant, is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a system of branches.
See Iridaceae and Inflorescence
Irideae
Irideae is a tribe included in the well-known family Iridaceae.
Iridoideae
Iridoideae is one of the two main subfamilies in the popular family Iridaceae.
Iris (plant)
Iris is a flowering plant genus of 310 accepted species with showy flowers.
See Iridaceae and Iris (plant)
Isophysis
Isophysis is a genus of herbaceous, perennial and rhizomatous plants in the Iris family (Iridaceae).
Ixia
Ixia is a genus of cormous plants native to South Africa from the family Iridaceae.
Klattia
Klattia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae first described as a genus in 1877.
Lapeirousia
Lapeirousia is a genus in the plant family Iridaceae.
Larentia (plant)
Larentia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1882.
See Iridaceae and Larentia (plant)
Leaf
A leaf (leaves) is a principal appendage of the stem of a vascular plant, usually borne laterally aboveground and specialized for photosynthesis.
Lethia umbellata
Lethia umbellata is a species of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae first described in 1986.
See Iridaceae and Lethia umbellata
Libertia
Libertia is a genus of monocotyledonous plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1824.
Liliales
Liliales is an order of monocotyledonous flowering plants in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group and Angiosperm Phylogeny Web system, within the lilioid monocots.
Marsh
In ecology, a marsh is a wetland that is dominated by herbaceous plants rather than by woody plants.
Mastigostyla
Mastigostyla is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1928.
See Iridaceae and Mastigostyla
Mediterranean climate
A Mediterranean climate, also called a dry summer climate, described by Köppen as Cs, is a temperate climate type that occurs in the lower mid-latitudes (normally 30 to 44 north and south latitude).
See Iridaceae and Mediterranean climate
Melasphaerula
Melasphaerula is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1803.
See Iridaceae and Melasphaerula
Melittidae
Melittidae is a small bee family, with over 200 described species in three subfamilies.
Micranthus
Micranthus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae.
Moegistorhynchus longirostris
Moegistorhynchus longirostris is a keystone species of fly that lives on the west coast of South Africa.
See Iridaceae and Moegistorhynchus longirostris
Molecular clock
The molecular clock is a figurative term for a technique that uses the mutation rate of biomolecules to deduce the time in prehistory when two or more life forms diverged.
See Iridaceae and Molecular clock
Monocotyledon
Monocotyledons, commonly referred to as monocots, (Lilianae sensu Chase & Reveal) are grass and grass-like flowering plants (angiosperms), the seeds of which typically contain only one embryonic leaf, or cotyledon.
See Iridaceae and Monocotyledon
Monophyly
In biological cladistics for the classification of organisms, monophyly is the condition of a taxonomic grouping being a clade – that is, a grouping of taxa which meets these criteria.
Monotypic taxon
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon.
See Iridaceae and Monotypic taxon
Moraea
Moraea, the Cape tulips, is a genus of plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1758.
Moth
Moths are a group of insects that includes all members of the order Lepidoptera that are not butterflies.
Mount Olympus
Mount Olympus (Ólympos) is an extensive massif near the Thermaic Gulf of the Aegean Sea, located on the border between Thessaly and Macedonia, between the regional units of Larissa and Pieria, about southwest from Thessaloniki.
See Iridaceae and Mount Olympus
Nectar
Nectar is a viscous, sugar-rich liquid produced by plants in glands called nectaries, either within the flowers with which it attracts pollinating animals, or by extrafloral nectaries, which provide a nutrient source to animal mutualists, which in turn provide herbivore protection.
Nemastylis
Nemastylis, or pleatleaf, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1835.
Nemestrinidae
Nemestrinidae, or tangle-veined flies is a family of flies in the superfamily Nemestrinoidea, closely related to Acroceridae.
See Iridaceae and Nemestrinidae
Neotropical realm
The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface.
See Iridaceae and Neotropical realm
New World
The term "New World" is used to describe the majority of lands of Earth's Western Hemisphere, particularly the Americas.
Nivenia
Nivenia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae first described as a genus in 1808.
Nivenioideae
Nivenioideae is a subfamily of flowering plants and one of the six subfamilies in the family Iridaceae.
See Iridaceae and Nivenioideae
Old World
The "Old World" is a term for Afro-Eurasia that originated in Europe after 1493, when Europeans became aware of the existence of the Americas.
Olsynium
Olsynium is a genus of summer-dormant rhizomatous perennial flowering plants in the iris family Iridaceae, native to sunny hillsides in South America and western North America.
Orthrosanthus
Orthrosanthus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae first described as a genus in 1827.
See Iridaceae and Orthrosanthus
Ovule
In seed plants, the ovule is the structure that gives rise to and contains the female reproductive cells.
Paleocene
The Paleocene, or Palaeocene, is a geological epoch that lasted from about 66 to 56 million years ago (mya).
Panicle
A panicle is a much-branched inflorescence.
Patersonia
Patersonia, is a genus of plants whose species are commonly known as native iris or native flag and are native to areas from Malesia to Australia.
Perennial
In botany, a perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives more than two years.
Perianth
The perianth (perigonium, perigon or perigone in monocots) is the non-reproductive part of the flower, and structure that forms an envelope surrounding the sexual organs, consisting of the calyx (sepals) and the corolla (petals) or tepals when called a perigone.
Petal
Petals are modified leaves that surround the reproductive parts of flowers.
Phalocallis
Phalocallis is a genus of plants in the Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1839.
Phylogenetics
In biology, phylogenetics is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups of organisms.
See Iridaceae and Phylogenetics
Pillansia
Pillansia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1914.
Pollen
Pollen is a powdery substance produced by most types of flowers of seed plants for the purpose of sexual reproduction.
Pollination
Pollination is the transfer of pollen from an anther of a plant to the stigma of a plant, later enabling fertilisation and the production of seeds.
Pollination syndrome
Pollination syndromes are suites of flower traits that have evolved in response to natural selection imposed by different pollen vectors, which can be abiotic (wind and water) or biotic, such as birds, bees, flies, and so forth through a process called pollinator-mediated selection.
See Iridaceae and Pollination syndrome
Radinosiphon
Radinosiphon is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae first described as a genus in 1932.
See Iridaceae and Radinosiphon
Raphide
Raphides (singular raphide or raphis) are needle-shaped crystals of calcium oxalate monohydrate (prismatic monoclinic crystals) or calcium carbonate as aragonite (dipyramidal orthorhombic crystals), found in more than 200 families of plants.
Rhizome
In botany and dendrology, a rhizome is a modified subterranean plant stem that sends out roots and shoots from its nodes. Rhizomes are also called creeping rootstalks or just rootstalks. Rhizomes develop from axillary buds and grow horizontally. The rhizome also retains the ability to allow new shoots to grow upwards.
Romulea
Romulea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1772.
Saffron
Saffron is a spice derived from the flower of Crocus sativus, commonly known as the "saffron crocus".
Savannosiphon
Savannosiphon is a flowering plant genus in the family Iridaceae, circumscribed in 1980.
See Iridaceae and Savannosiphon
Secondary growth
In botany, secondary growth is the growth that results from cell division in the cambia or lateral meristems and that causes the stems and roots to thicken, while primary growth is growth that occurs as a result of cell division at the tips of stems and roots, causing them to elongate, and gives rise to primary tissue.
See Iridaceae and Secondary growth
Seed dispersal
In spermatophyte plants, seed dispersal is the movement, spread or transport of seeds away from the parent plant.
See Iridaceae and Seed dispersal
Shrub
A shrub or bush is a small-to-medium-sized perennial woody plant.
Sisyrinchieae
Sisyrinchieae is the second largest tribe in the subfamily Iridoideae.
See Iridaceae and Sisyrinchieae
Sisyrinchium
Sisyrinchium is a large genus of annual to perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae.
See Iridaceae and Sisyrinchium
Solenomelus
Solenomelus is a genus of South American (Argentina & Chile) species of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae.
South Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa.
See Iridaceae and South Africa
Sparaxis
Sparaxis is a genus of flowering plants called the harlequin flowers.
Stamen
The stamen (stamina or stamens) is the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.
Style (botany)
In botany, the style of an angiosperm flower is an organ of variable length that connects the ovary to the stigma.
See Iridaceae and Style (botany)
Sunbird
Sunbirds and spiderhunters make up the family Nectariniidae of passerine birds.
Symmetry in biology
Symmetry in biology refers to the symmetry observed in organisms, including plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria.
See Iridaceae and Symmetry in biology
Syringodea
Syringodea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1873.
Tapeinia
Tapeinia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae.
Thereianthus
Thereianthus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1941.
See Iridaceae and Thereianthus
Tigridia
Tigridia, is a genus of bulbous or cormous flowering plants belonging to the family Iridaceae.
Tigridieae
Tigridieae is a tribe of plants in the subfamily Iridoideae and included in the family Iridaceae.
Tribe (biology)
In biology, a tribe is a taxonomic rank above genus, but below family and subfamily.
See Iridaceae and Tribe (biology)
Trichome
Trichomes are fine outgrowths or appendages on plants, algae, lichens, and certain protists.
Trimezia
Trimezia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, native to the warmer parts of southern Mexico, Central America, South America, Florida, and the West Indies.
Trimezieae
Trimezieae is a tribe included in the subfamily Iridoideae of the family Iridaceae.
Tritonia (plant)
Tritonia (flame freesia) is a genus of flowering plants in the iris family first described as a genus in 1802.
See Iridaceae and Tritonia (plant)
Tritoniopsis (plant)
Tritoniopsis is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1926.
See Iridaceae and Tritoniopsis (plant)
Vascular tissue
Vascular tissue is a complex conducting tissue, formed of more than one cell type, found in vascular plants.
See Iridaceae and Vascular tissue
Veld
Veld, also spelled veldt, is a type of wide open rural landscape in Southern Africa.
Watsonia (plant)
Watsonia (bugle lily) is a genus of plants in the family Iridaceae, subfamily Crocoideae.
See Iridaceae and Watsonia (plant)
Watsonieae
Watsonieae is the second largest tribe in the subfamily Crocoideae (which is included in the family Iridaceae) and named after the best-known genus in it — Watsonia.
Witsenia
Witsenia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1782.
Xenoscapa
Xenoscapa is a genus of herbaceous, perennial and bulbous plants in the family Iridaceae.
Zygotritonia
Zygotritonia is a genus of herbaceous, perennial and bulbous plants in the family Iridaceae.
See Iridaceae and Zygotritonia
See also
Asparagales families
- Amaryllidaceae
- Asparagaceae
- Asphodelaceae
- Asteliaceae
- Boryaceae
- Families of Asparagales
- Hypoxidaceae
- Iridaceae
- Tecophilaeaceae
Extant Selandian first appearances
- Amia (fish)
- Astraea (gastropod)
- Caiman
- Gavialoidea
- Hexaplex
- Hydromedusa
- Iridaceae
- Lacertoidea
- Paenungulata
- Proboscidea
- Vitis
- Zonaria (gastropod)
Selandian first appearances
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iridaceae
Also known as Iris family.
, Gelasine, Geosiris, Gladiolus, Glossary of botanical terms, Ground tissue, Herbertia (plant), Hesperantha, Hesperoxiphion, Holocene, Homoplasy, Hymenoptera, Inflorescence, Irideae, Iridoideae, Iris (plant), Isophysis, Ixia, Klattia, Lapeirousia, Larentia (plant), Leaf, Lethia umbellata, Libertia, Liliales, Marsh, Mastigostyla, Mediterranean climate, Melasphaerula, Melittidae, Micranthus, Moegistorhynchus longirostris, Molecular clock, Monocotyledon, Monophyly, Monotypic taxon, Moraea, Moth, Mount Olympus, Nectar, Nemastylis, Nemestrinidae, Neotropical realm, New World, Nivenia, Nivenioideae, Old World, Olsynium, Orthrosanthus, Ovule, Paleocene, Panicle, Patersonia, Perennial, Perianth, Petal, Phalocallis, Phylogenetics, Pillansia, Pollen, Pollination, Pollination syndrome, Radinosiphon, Raphide, Rhizome, Romulea, Saffron, Savannosiphon, Secondary growth, Seed dispersal, Shrub, Sisyrinchieae, Sisyrinchium, Solenomelus, South Africa, Sparaxis, Stamen, Style (botany), Sunbird, Symmetry in biology, Syringodea, Tapeinia, Thereianthus, Tigridia, Tigridieae, Tribe (biology), Trichome, Trimezia, Trimezieae, Tritonia (plant), Tritoniopsis (plant), Vascular tissue, Veld, Watsonia (plant), Watsonieae, Witsenia, Xenoscapa, Zygotritonia.