Kangchu system, the Glossary

Table of Contents

1. 105 relations: Abu Bakar of Johor, Alcohol (drug), Ali Iskandar of Johor, Amazon rubber cycle, Areca nut, Batu Pahat District, Bauxite, Benut, Bintan Regency, Black pepper, Boat Quay, Bugis, Cash crop, Catholic Church, Cecil Clementi Smith, Chaoshan, Chaozhou, Charles Brooke, Rajah of Sarawak, Chinese characters, Chinese emigration, Chinese language, Chinese Singaporeans, Clove, Coffee, Coolie, Cover crop, Endau, Federation of Malaya, Founding years of modern Singapore, Free trade, Fujian, Galang Island, Gambling, Ghee Hin Kongsi, Gold, Hakka people, History of Jakarta, Hokkien, Hong Kong, Johor, Johor Sultanate, Jurong, Kapitan Cina, Kongsi, Kongsi republic, Kota Tinggi, Laissez-faire, Law of agency, Lim Chu Kang, Lingua franca, ... Expand index (55 more) »

2. 1917 disestablishments
3. Agriculture in Indonesia
4. Agriculture in Malaysia
5. British rule in Singapore
6. History of Johor
7. History of Muar
8. Hokkien-language phrases

Abu Bakar of Johor

Sultan Sir Abu Bakar Al-Khalil Ibrahim Shah ibni Almarhum Maharaja Tun Daeng Ibrahim Al-Aydarus (Jawi: المرحومسلطان سر أبو بكر الخليل إبراهيمشاه ابن المرحومتمڠڬوڠ تون داءيڠ إبراهيمسري مهاراج جوهر; 3 February 1833 – 4 June 1895) was the Temenggong of Johor.

See Kangchu system and Abu Bakar of Johor

Alcohol (drug)

Alcohol, sometimes referred to by the chemical name ethanol, is one of the most widely used and abused psychoactive drugs in the world and falls under the depressant category.

See Kangchu system and Alcohol (drug)

Ali Iskandar of Johor

Sultan Ali Iskandar Shah I ibni almarhum Sultan Ahmad Hussein Muazzam Shah I was the 20th Sultan of Johor, who succeeded his father, Sultan Hussein Shah after the latter died of natural causes in 1835. Kangchu system and ali Iskandar of Johor are history of Johor and history of Muar.

See Kangchu system and Ali Iskandar of Johor

Amazon rubber cycle

The Amazon rubber cycle or boom (Ciclo da borracha,; Fiebre del caucho) was an important part of the economic and social history of Brazil and Amazonian regions of neighboring countries, being related to the extraction and commercialization of rubber.

See Kangchu system and Amazon rubber cycle

Areca nut

The areca nut or betel nut is the fruit of the areca palm (Areca catechu).

See Kangchu system and Areca nut

Batu Pahat District

The Batu Pahat District is a district in the state of Johor, Malaysia.

See Kangchu system and Batu Pahat District

Bauxite

Bauxite is a sedimentary rock with a relatively high aluminium content.

See Kangchu system and Bauxite

Benut

Benut is a mukim in Pontian District, Johor, Malaysia.

See Kangchu system and Benut

Bintan Regency

Bintan Regency (originally the Riau Islands Regency; Kabupaten Kepulauan Riau) is an administrative area in the Riau Islands Province of Indonesia.

See Kangchu system and Bintan Regency

Black pepper

Black pepper (Piper nigrum) is a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae, cultivated for its fruit (the peppercorn), which is usually dried and used as a spice and seasoning.

See Kangchu system and Black pepper

Boat Quay

Boat Quay is a historical quay in Singapore which is situated upstream from the mouth of the Singapore River on its southern bank.

See Kangchu system and Boat Quay

Bugis

The Bugis people, also known as Buginese people, are an Austronesian ethnic group—the most numerous of the three major linguistic and ethnic groups of South Sulawesi (the others being Makassar and Toraja), in the south-western province of Sulawesi, third-largest island of Indonesia.

See Kangchu system and Bugis

Cash crop

A cash crop, also called profit crop, is an agricultural crop which is grown to sell for profit. Kangchu system and cash crop are agricultural economics.

See Kangchu system and Cash crop

Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.

See Kangchu system and Catholic Church

Cecil Clementi Smith

Sir Cecil Clementi Smith (23 December 1840 – 6 February 1916),.

See Kangchu system and Cecil Clementi Smith

Chaoshan

Chaoshan or Teoswa (peng'im: Dio5suan1) is a cultural-linguistic region in the east of Guangdong, China.

See Kangchu system and Chaoshan

Chaozhou

Chaozhou, alternatively Chiuchow, Chaochow or Teochew, is a city in the eastern Guangdong province of China.

See Kangchu system and Chaozhou

Charles Brooke, Rajah of Sarawak

Sir Charles Brooke, Rajah of Sarawak, GCMG (Charles Anthoni Johnson Brooke; 3 June 1829 – 17 May 1917), born Charles Anthoni Johnson, ruled as the head of state of Raj of Sarawak from 3 August 1868 until his death.

See Kangchu system and Charles Brooke, Rajah of Sarawak

Chinese characters

Chinese characters are logographs used to write the Chinese languages and others from regions historically influenced by Chinese culture.

See Kangchu system and Chinese characters

Chinese emigration

Waves of Chinese emigration have happened throughout history.

See Kangchu system and Chinese emigration

Chinese language

Chinese is a group of languages spoken natively by the ethnic Han Chinese majority and many minority ethnic groups in China.

See Kangchu system and Chinese language

Chinese Singaporeans

Chinese Singaporeans are Singaporeans of Han Chinese ancestry.

See Kangchu system and Chinese Singaporeans

Clove

Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae, Syzygium aromaticum.

See Kangchu system and Clove

Coffee

Coffee is a beverage brewed from roasted coffee beans.

See Kangchu system and Coffee

Coolie

Coolie (also spelled koelie, kuli, khuli, khulie, cooli, cooly, or quli) is a pejorative term used for low-wage labourers, typically those of Indian or Chinese descent.

See Kangchu system and Coolie

Cover crop

In agriculture, cover crops are plants that are planted to cover the soil rather than for the purpose of being harvested.

See Kangchu system and Cover crop

Endau

Endau is a small town in Mersing District, Johor, Malaysia.

See Kangchu system and Endau

Federation of Malaya

The Federation of Malaya (Malay: Persekutuan Tanah Melayu; Jawi: ڤرسكوتوان تانه ملايو), more commonly known as Malaya, was a country of what previously had been the Malayan Union and, before that, British Malaya.

See Kangchu system and Federation of Malaya

Founding years of modern Singapore

The establishment of a British trading post in Singapore in 1819 by Sir Stamford Raffles led to its founding as a British colony in 1824.

See Kangchu system and Founding years of modern Singapore

Free trade

Free trade is a trade policy that does not restrict imports or exports.

See Kangchu system and Free trade

Fujian

Fujian is a province on the southeastern coast of China.

See Kangchu system and Fujian

Galang Island

Galang (Indonesian: Pulau Galang) is an island of 80 km2 located 25 mi (40 km) southeast of Batam, belonging to a group of three islands called Barelang (an abbreviation of Batam-Rempang-Galang).

See Kangchu system and Galang Island

Gambling

Gambling (also known as betting or gaming) is the wagering of something of value ("the stakes") on a random event with the intent of winning something else of value, where instances of strategy are discounted.

See Kangchu system and Gambling

Ghee Hin Kongsi

The Ghee Hin Kongsi was a secret society in Singapore and Malaya, formed in 1820. Kangchu system and Ghee Hin Kongsi are Hokkien-language phrases.

See Kangchu system and Ghee Hin Kongsi

Gold

Gold is a chemical element; it has symbol Au (from the Latin word aurum) and atomic number 79.

See Kangchu system and Gold

Hakka people

The Hakka, sometimes also referred to as Hakka Han, or Hakka Chinese, or Hakkas, are a southern Han Chinese subgroup whose principal settlements and ancestral homes are dispersed widely across the provinces of southern China and who speak a language that is closely related to Gan, a Han Chinese dialect spoken in Jiangxi province.

See Kangchu system and Hakka people

History of Jakarta

Jakarta is Indonesia's capital and largest city.

See Kangchu system and History of Jakarta

Hokkien

Hokkien is a variety of the Southern Min languages, native to and originating from the Minnan region, in the southeastern part of Fujian in southeastern mainland China.

See Kangchu system and Hokkien

Hong Kong

Hong Kong is a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China.

See Kangchu system and Hong Kong

Johor

Johor (also spelled Johore or historically, Jahore) is a state of Malaysia in the south of the Malay Peninsula.

See Kangchu system and Johor

Johor Sultanate

The Johor Sultanate (Kesultanan Johor or کسلطانن جوهر; also called the Sultanate of Johor, Johor-Pahang-Riau-Lingga, or the Johor Empire) was founded by Sultan of Malacca Mahmud Shah's son, Alauddin Riayat Shah II in 1528. Kangchu system and Johor Sultanate are history of Johor.

See Kangchu system and Johor Sultanate

Jurong

Jurong is a major geographical region located at the south-westernmost point of the West Region of Singapore.

See Kangchu system and Jurong

Kapitan Cina

Kapitan Cina, also spelled Kapitan China or Capitan China or Capitan Chino (Captain of the Chinese;; Kapitein der Chinezen), was a high-ranking government position in the civil administration of colonial Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Borneo, and the Philippines.

See Kangchu system and Kapitan Cina

Kongsi

Kongsi is a Hokkien transcription term meaning "company", especially businesses which have been incorporated. Kangchu system and Kongsi are Hokkien-language phrases.

See Kangchu system and Kongsi

Kongsi republic

The kongsi republics, also known as kongsi democracies or kongsi federations, were self-governing political entities in Borneo that formed as federations of Chinese mining communities known as kongsis.

See Kangchu system and Kongsi republic

Kota Tinggi

Kota Tinggi is a town and capital of Kota Tinggi District, Johor, Malaysia.

See Kangchu system and Kota Tinggi

Laissez-faire

Laissez-faire (or, from laissez faire) is a type of economic system in which transactions between private groups of people are free from any form of economic interventionism (such as subsidies or regulations).

See Kangchu system and Laissez-faire

Law of agency

The law of agency is an area of commercial law dealing with a set of contractual, quasi-contractual and non-contractual fiduciary relationships that involve a person, called the agent, who is authorized to act on behalf of another (called the principal) to create legal relations with a third party.

See Kangchu system and Law of agency

Lim Chu Kang

Lim Chu Kang is a planning area located in the northwestern part of the North Region of Singapore, bordering the Western Water Catchment to the west and south, Sungei Kadut to the east and the Straits of Johor to the north.

See Kangchu system and Lim Chu Kang

Lingua franca

A lingua franca (for plurals see), also known as a bridge language, common language, trade language, auxiliary language, vehicular language, or link language, is a language systematically used to make communication possible between groups of people who do not share a native language or dialect, particularly when it is a third language that is distinct from both of the speakers' native languages.

See Kangchu system and Lingua franca

List of governors of the Straits Settlements

The governor of the Straits Settlements was appointed by the British East India Company until 1867, when the Straits Settlements became a Crown colony. Kangchu system and List of governors of the Straits Settlements are British rule in Singapore.

See Kangchu system and List of governors of the Straits Settlements

List of Kangchu system placename etymologies

There are several places in Southeast Asia that had its roots in the Kangchu system, an organised system of administration which was introduced by the Sultanate of Johore in the territories of Johore and Singapore in the 19th century to oversee the social affairs and economy of Chinese coolies who were working in gambier and pepper plantations.

See Kangchu system and List of Kangchu system placename etymologies

Malacca

Malacca (Melaka), officially the Historic State of Malacca (Melaka Negeri Bersejarah), is a state in Malaysia located in the southern region of the Malay Peninsula, facing the Strait of Malacca.

See Kangchu system and Malacca

Malay language

Malay (Bahasa Melayu, Jawi: بهاس ملايو) is an Austronesian language that is an official language of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore, and that is also spoken in East Timor and parts of Thailand.

See Kangchu system and Malay language

Malay Singaporeans

Malay Singaporeans (Orang Melayu Singapura) are Singaporeans with general ancestry from the Malay world.

See Kangchu system and Malay Singaporeans

Malays (ethnic group)

Malays (Orang Melayu, Jawi) are an Austronesian ethnoreligious group native to eastern Sumatra, the Malay Peninsula and coastal Borneo, as well as the smaller islands that lie between these locations.

See Kangchu system and Malays (ethnic group)

Malaysia

Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia.

See Kangchu system and Malaysia

Malaysian Chinese

Malaysian Chinese, Chinese Malaysians, or Sino-Malaysians are Malaysian citizens of Han Chinese ethnicity.

See Kangchu system and Malaysian Chinese

Maritime Southeast Asia

Maritime Southeast Asia comprises the countries of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and East Timor.

See Kangchu system and Maritime Southeast Asia

Mersing

Mersing (Terengganu Malay: Merecing or Ngesing) is a town, mukim and the capital of Mersing District, Johor, Malaysia.

See Kangchu system and Mersing

Muar District

The Muar District is a district in Johor, Malaysia.

See Kangchu system and Muar District

Muhammad Salleh Perang

Muhamad Salleh bin Perang (1841 – 21 July 1915) was a Malay statesman, traveller, and military leader who served in the administration of the independent Sultanate of Johor from 1856 to 1912, today part of Malaysia. Kangchu system and Muhammad Salleh Perang are history of Johor.

See Kangchu system and Muhammad Salleh Perang

National University of Singapore

The National University of Singapore (NUS) is a national public collegiate and research university in Singapore.

See Kangchu system and National University of Singapore

Natural rubber

Rubber, also called India rubber, latex, Amazonian rubber, caucho, or caoutchouc, as initially produced, consists of polymers of the organic compound isoprene, with minor impurities of other organic compounds.

See Kangchu system and Natural rubber

Netherlands

The Netherlands, informally Holland, is a country located in Northwestern Europe with overseas territories in the Caribbean.

See Kangchu system and Netherlands

Opium

Opium (or poppy tears, scientific name: Lachryma papaveris) is dried latex obtained from the seed capsules of the opium poppy Papaver somniferum.

See Kangchu system and Opium

Pe̍h-ōe-jī

(English approximation:; abbr. POJ), sometimes known as Church Romanization, is an orthography used to write variants of Hokkien Southern Min, particularly Taiwanese and Amoy Hokkien, and it is widely employed as one of the writing systems for Southern Min.

See Kangchu system and Pe̍h-ōe-jī

Penang

Penang (Pulau Pinang) is a Malaysian state located on the northwest coast of Peninsular Malaysia along the Strait of Malacca.

See Kangchu system and Penang

Pineapple

The pineapple (Ananas comosus) is a tropical plant with an edible fruit; it is the most economically significant plant in the family Bromeliaceae.

See Kangchu system and Pineapple

Pinyin

Hanyu Pinyin, or simply pinyin, is the most common romanization system for Standard Chinese.

See Kangchu system and Pinyin

Plentong

Plentong is a mukim in Johor Bahru District, Johor, Malaysia.

See Kangchu system and Plentong

Pontianak

Pontianak or Khuntien is the capital of the Indonesian province of West Kalimantan, founded first as a trading port on the island of Borneo, occupying an area of 118.21 km2 in the delta of the Kapuas River, at a point where it is joined by its major tributary, the Landak River.

See Kangchu system and Pontianak

Pork

Pork is the culinary name for the meat of the pig (Sus domesticus).

See Kangchu system and Pork

Punggol

Punggol is a planning area and new town situated on the Tanjong Punggol peninsula in the North-East Region of Singapore.

See Kangchu system and Punggol

Radio Televisyen Malaysia

Radio Televisyen Malaysia (Radio Television of Malaysia, Jawi:; abbreviated as RTM, stylised as rtm), also known as the Department of Broadcasting, Malaysia (Jabatan Penyiaran Malaysia; Jawi) is the national public broadcaster of Malaysia, headquartered at Angkasapuri, Kuala Lumpur.

See Kangchu system and Radio Televisyen Malaysia

Raj of Sarawak

The Raj of Sarawak, also the Kingdom of Sarawak or State of Sarawak, located in the northwestern part of the island of Borneo, was an independent state founded in 1841, in a treaty of protection with the United Kingdom starting from 1888.

See Kangchu system and Raj of Sarawak

Riau

Riau (Jawi) is a province of Indonesia.

See Kangchu system and Riau

Riau Islands

The Riau Islands (Kepulauan Riau, Jawi) is a province of Indonesianot to be confused with neighbouring Riau Province from which the Riau Islands Province were separated in 2002.

See Kangchu system and Riau Islands

Sabah

Sabah, or given nickname Sabah Bumi Di Bawah Bayu (means Sabah Land Below The Wind) is a state of Malaysia located on the northern portion of Borneo, in the region of East Malaysia.

See Kangchu system and Sabah

Sarawak

Sarawak is a state of Malaysia.

See Kangchu system and Sarawak

Selangor

Selangor, also known by the Arabic honorific Darul Ehsan, or "Abode of Sincerity", is one of the 13 states of Malaysia.

See Kangchu system and Selangor

Sin Chew Daily

Sin Chew Daily, formerly known as Sin Chew Jit Poh, is a leading Chinese-language newspaper in Malaysia.

See Kangchu system and Sin Chew Daily

Singapore

Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, is an island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia.

See Kangchu system and Singapore

Singapore River

The Singapore River is a river that flows parallel to Alexandra Road and feeds into the Marina Reservoir in the southern part of Singapore.

See Kangchu system and Singapore River

Soil erosion

Soil erosion is the denudation or wearing away of the upper layer of soil.

See Kangchu system and Soil erosion

Spice trade

The spice trade involved historical civilizations in Asia, Northeast Africa and Europe.

See Kangchu system and Spice trade

Stamford Raffles

Sir Thomas Stamford Bingley Raffles (5July 17815July 1826) was a British colonial official who served as the governor of the Dutch East Indies between 1811 and 1816 and lieutenant-governor of Bencoolen between 1818 and 1824. Kangchu system and Stamford Raffles are British rule in Singapore.

See Kangchu system and Stamford Raffles

Straits of Johor

The Johor Strait (also known as the Tebrau Strait, Straits of Johor, Selat Johor, Selat Tebrau, and Tebrau Reach, also spelled Johore Strait) is an international strait in Southeast Asia, between Singapore and Peninsular Malaysia.

See Kangchu system and Straits of Johor

Stulang

Stulang (Jawi: ستولڠ; 士都兰) is a suburb in Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.

See Kangchu system and Stulang

Sultan

Sultan (سلطان) is a position with several historical meanings.

See Kangchu system and Sultan

Sultan of Johor

The Sultan of Johor (Malay: Sultan Johor; Jawi) is a hereditary seat and the sovereign ruler of the Malaysian state of Johor.

See Kangchu system and Sultan of Johor

Taishan, Guangdong

Taishan, alternately romanized in Cantonese as Toishan or Toisan, in local dialect as Hoisan, and formerly known as Xinning or Sunning (新寧), is a county-level city in the southwest of Guangdong province, China.

See Kangchu system and Taishan, Guangdong

Tapioca

Tapioca is a starch extracted from the tubers of the cassava plant (Manihot esculenta, also known as manioc), a species native to the North and Northeast regions of Brazil, but whose use is now spread throughout South America.

See Kangchu system and Tapioca

Tax

A tax is a mandatory financial charge or some other type of levy imposed on a taxpayer (an individual or legal entity) by a governmental organization to collectively fund government spending, public expenditures, or as a way to regulate and reduce negative externalities.

See Kangchu system and Tax

Tea

Tea is an aromatic beverage prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured or fresh leaves of Camellia sinensis, an evergreen shrub native to East Asia which probably originated in the borderlands of southwestern China and northern Myanmar.

See Kangchu system and Tea

Tebrau

Tebrau or Teberau is a mukim and a town in Johor Bahru District, Johor, Malaysia.

See Kangchu system and Tebrau

Temenggong Abdul Rahman

Temenggong Tun Daeng Abdul Rahman bin Almarhum Temenggong Tun Daeng Abdul Hamid (1755 – 8 December 1825) was the Temenggong of Johor during the Bendahara dynasty of the Johor Sultanate.

See Kangchu system and Temenggong Abdul Rahman

Temenggong Daeng Ibrahim

Maharaja Tun Daeng Ibrahim Ibni Almarhum Temenggong Tun Daeng Abdul Rahman (8 December 1810 – 31 January 1862) was the Temenggong of Johor and later the de facto Maharaja of Johor from 1855 to 1862.

See Kangchu system and Temenggong Daeng Ibrahim

Tengku Alam Shah

Tengku Alam Shah, Tengku Ali Iskandar Shah was a prince of the House of Bendahara (Johor), and was the oldest son of Sultan Ali, the 19th Sultan of Johor by his second wife, Daing Siti. Kangchu system and Tengku Alam Shah are British rule in Singapore.

See Kangchu system and Tengku Alam Shah

Teochew Min

Teochew, also known as Teo-Swa (or Chaoshan), is a Southern Min language spoken by the Teochew people in the Chaoshan region of eastern Guangdong and by their diaspora around the world.

See Kangchu system and Teochew Min

Teochew people

The Teochew people or Chaoshanese, Teo-Swa people or Chaoshan people (rendered Têo-Swa in romanized Teoswa and Cháoshàn in Modern Standard Mandarin also known as Teo-Swa in mainland China due to a change in place names) is an ethnic group native to the historical Chaoshan region in south China who speak the Teochew language.

See Kangchu system and Teochew people

Teochew Romanization

Teochew Romanization, also known as Swatow Church Romanization, or locally as Pe̍h-ūe-jī, is an orthography similar to Pe̍h-ōe-jī used to write the Chaoshan dialect (including the Teochew dialect and Swatow dialect).

See Kangchu system and Teochew Romanization

Triad (organized crime)

A triad is a Chinese transnational organized crime syndicate based in Greater China with outposts in various countries having significant overseas Chinese populations.

See Kangchu system and Triad (organized crime)

Uncaria

Uncaria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae.

See Kangchu system and Uncaria

Yong Peng

Yong Peng is a town in Mukim Tanjung Semberong, Batu Pahat District, Johor, Malaysia.

See Kangchu system and Yong Peng

See also

1917 disestablishments

• Brazilian cruiser Tymbira
• British Labour Amalgamation
• Casa del Obrero Mundial
• Domovina (newspaper)
• Kangchu system
• Livonian Knighthood
• Muscovy Company
• Polish Executive Committee in Rus

Agriculture in Indonesia

• Agriculture in Indonesia
• Animal welfare and rights in Indonesia
• Aquaculture in Indonesia
• Cairns Group
• Coconut production in Indonesia
• Coffee production in Indonesia
• Giling Basah
• Kangchu system
• List of Indonesian agricultural universities and colleges
• MIFEE
• Nucleus estate and smallholder
• Palm oil production in Indonesia
• Peat swamp forest
• Rice production in Indonesia
• Subak (irrigation)
• Tobacco products in Indonesia

Agriculture in Malaysia

• Agriculture in Malaysia
• Animal welfare and rights in Malaysia
• Cairns Group
• Forestry in Malaysia
• Kangchu system
• Palm oil production in Malaysia

British rule in Singapore

• 1819 Singapore Treaty
• 1915 Singapore Mutiny
• 1948 Singaporean general election
• 1951 Singaporean general election
• 1954 National Service riots
• 1955 Singaporean general election
• Alkaff Gardens
• Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824
• Battle of Bukit Timah
• Battle of Sarimbun Beach
• British Far East Command
• British Military Administration (Malaya)
• Changi Murals
• Chinese Protectorate
• Christmas Island
• Cocos (Keeling) Islands
• Colony of Singapore
• East India Company
• Edward Boustead
• Fall of Singapore
• Fort Siloso
• George Drumgoole Coleman
• Jackson Plan
• Japanese occupation of Singapore
• Kangchu system
• Kenpeitai East District Branch
• Kenpeitai West District Branch
• Kent Ridge Park
• Legislative Council of Singapore
• Legislative Council of the Straits Settlements
• List of chief secretaries of Singapore
• List of governors of Singapore
• List of governors of the Straits Settlements
• Malaya and British Borneo dollar
• Malayan dollar
• Operation Jaywick
• Postage stamps and postal history of the Straits Settlements
• Secret societies in colonial Singapore
• Self-governance of Singapore
• Singapore Improvement Trust
• Singapore in the Straits Settlements
• Sports in colonial times in Singapore
• Stamford Raffles
• Straits Settlements
• Straits dollar
• Tengku Alam Shah
• Tyersall Park

History of Johor

• 2024 Ulu Tiram police station attack
• Ali Iskandar of Johor
• Biawak Busuk
• COVID-19 pandemic in Johor
• Chamek railway station
• Danga City Mall
• Jementah Civil War
• Johor Sultanate
• Kangchu system
• Kota Buruk
• Kota Gelanggi
• Landing at Kesang River
• Landing at Labis
• Muar State Railway
• Muhammad Salleh Perang
• Raja Haji Fisabilillah
• Riau-Lingga Sultanate
• Seri Rambai
• Siege of Johor (1587)
• Siege of Malacca (1551)
• Tan Kee Soon
• Temenggong of Johor
• Temenggong of Muar
• Tun Abdul Jamil
• Unfederated Malay States

History of Muar

• 2011 Muar kindergarten hostage crisis
• Ali Iskandar of Johor
• Battle of Muar
• Biawak Busuk
• Bukit Kepong incident
• Jementah Civil War
• Kangchu system
• Kota Buruk
• Laluan Penarikan
• Mahmud Shah of Malacca
• Muar State Railway
• Temenggong of Muar

Hokkien-language phrases

• Ang mo
• Ghee Hin Kongsi
• Hokkien counter word
• Hokkien honorifics
• Hokkien kinship
• Hokkien numerals
• Hokkien profanity
• Hokkien pronouns
• Kangchu system
• Kongsi
• Kopi tiam
• Taiwanese units of measurement

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kangchu_system

Also known as Kangchu.

, List of governors of the Straits Settlements, List of Kangchu system placename etymologies, Malacca, Malay language, Malay Singaporeans, Malays (ethnic group), Malaysia, Malaysian Chinese, Maritime Southeast Asia, Mersing, Muar District, Muhammad Salleh Perang, National University of Singapore, Natural rubber, Netherlands, Opium, Pe̍h-ōe-jī, Penang, Pineapple, Pinyin, Plentong, Pontianak, Pork, Punggol, Radio Televisyen Malaysia, Raj of Sarawak, Riau, Riau Islands, Sabah, Sarawak, Selangor, Sin Chew Daily, Singapore, Singapore River, Soil erosion, Spice trade, Stamford Raffles, Straits of Johor, Stulang, Sultan, Sultan of Johor, Taishan, Guangdong, Tapioca, Tax, Tea, Tebrau, Temenggong Abdul Rahman, Temenggong Daeng Ibrahim, Tengku Alam Shah, Teochew Min, Teochew people, Teochew Romanization, Triad (organized crime), Uncaria, Yong Peng.