Khosrow I, the Glossary
Khosrow I (also spelled Khosrau, Khusro or Chosroes; 𐭧𐭥𐭮𐭫𐭥𐭣𐭩; New Persian: خسرو), traditionally known by his epithet of Anushirvan (انوشيروان "the Immortal Soul"), was the Sasanian King of Kings of Iran from 531 to 579.[1]
Table of Contents
236 relations: Aba I, Abraha, Academy of Gondishapur, Achaemenid Empire, Adarmahan, Addai Sher, Adergoudounbades, Adurbadagan, Agathias, Ahura Mazda, Aksumite–Persian wars, Al-Harith ibn Jabalah, Al-Jahiz, Al-Mundhir III ibn al-Nu'man, Al-Tabari, Alans, Aleppo, Amida (Mesopotamia), Amu Darya, Angeghtun, Anoshazad, Antioch, Apamea, Syria, Apostasy, Arabic, Arabs, Ardestan, Arzanene, Asoristan, Assyrian people, Aswaran, Avesta, Avestan, Backgammon, Bahram Chobin, Battle of Anglon, Battle of Gol-Zarriun, Battle of Nisibis (541), Bawi, Belisarius, Bimaristan, BnF Museum, Brill Publishers, Byzantine–Sasanian War of 572–591, Caliphate, Caspian Sea, Casus belli, Catholicos, Caucasus, Central Asia, ... Expand index (186 more) »
- 501 births
- 579 deaths
- 6th-century Sasanian monarchs
- Abyssinian–Persian wars
- Law reform
- Lazic War
- Military reforms
- People from Ardestan
- Reformers
- Social reformers
- Tax reform
Aba I
Aba I (or, with his Syriac honorific, Mar Aba I) or Mar Abba the Great was the Patriarch of the Church of the East at Seleucia-Ctesiphon from 540 to 552.
Abraha
Abraha (Ge’ez: አብርሃ) (also spelled Abreha, died presumably in 570 CE), was the Ethiopian viceroy for the Kingdom of Aksum who ruled the Himyarite Kingdom of Yemen and much of the Arabian Peninsula in the 6th century.
Academy of Gondishapur
The Academy of Gondishapur or "'Academy of Jondishapur"'(فرهنگستان گندیشاپور, Farhangestân-e Gondišâpur), also known as the Gondishapur University (دانشگاه گندیشاپور Dânešgâh-e Gondišapur), was one of the three Sasanian centers of education (Ctesiphon, Ras al-Ayn, Gundeshapur) and academy of learning in the city of Gundeshapur, Iran during late antiquity, the intellectual center of the Sasanian Empire.
See Khosrow I and Academy of Gondishapur
Achaemenid Empire
The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire, also known as the Persian Empire or First Persian Empire (𐎧𐏁𐏂), was an ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC.
See Khosrow I and Achaemenid Empire
Adarmahan
Adarmahān (in Greek sources given as Ἀδααρμάνης, Adaarmanes; fl. late 6th century) was a Persian general active in the western frontier of the Sassanid Empire against the East Roman (Byzantine) forces, during the Byzantine–Sassanid War of 572–591. Khosrow I and Adarmahan are people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars.
Addai Sher
Addai Scher (ܐܕܝ ܫܝܪ,; أدي شير) Also written Addai Sher, Addaï Scher and Addai Sheir (3 March 1867 – 21 June 1915), an ethnic Assyrian, was the Chaldean Catholic archbishop of Siirt in Upper Mesopotamia.
Adergoudounbades
Adergoudounbadēs (Ἀδεργουδουνβάδης, before 488 – 541) was a prominent Sasanian nobleman, general, and kanarang during the reigns of Kavadh I (r. 488–531) and Khosrow I (r. 531–579). Khosrow I and Adergoudounbades are people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars.
See Khosrow I and Adergoudounbades
Adurbadagan
Adurbadagan (Middle Persian: Ādurbādagān/Āδarbāyagān, Parthian: Āturpātākān) was a Sasanian province located in northern Iran, almost corresponded to the present-day Iranian Azerbaijan.
Agathias
Agathias Scholasticus (Ἀγαθίας σχολαστικός; Martindale, Jones & Morris (1992), p. 23–25582/594) was a Greek poet and the principal historian of part of the reign of the Roman emperor Justinian I between 552 and 558.
Ahura Mazda
Ahura Mazda (𐬀𐬵𐬎𐬭𐬀 𐬨𐬀𐬰𐬛𐬁|translit.
Aksumite–Persian wars
The Aksumite–Persian wars were a protracted series of armed engagements between the Sasanian Persian Empire and the Aksumite Empire for control over South Arabia (modern-day Yemen) in the 6th century CE. Khosrow I and Aksumite–Persian wars are Abyssinian–Persian wars.
See Khosrow I and Aksumite–Persian wars
Al-Harith ibn Jabalah
Al-Ḥārith ibn Jabalah (الحارث بن جبلة; known in Byzantine sources as Flavios Arethas (Greek: Φλάβιος Ἀρέθας) and Khālid ibn Jabalah (خالد بن جبلة) in later Islamic sources), was a king of the Ghassanids, a pre-Islamic Arab Christian tribe who lived on the eastern frontier of the Byzantine Empire. Khosrow I and al-Harith ibn Jabalah are people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars.
See Khosrow I and Al-Harith ibn Jabalah
Al-Jahiz
Abu Uthman Amr ibn Bahr al-Kinani al-Basri (translit), commonly known as al-Jahiz (lit), was an Arabic polymath and author of works of literature (including theory and criticism), theology, zoology, philosophy, grammar, dialectics, rhetoric, philology, linguistics, and politico-religious polemics.
Al-Mundhir III ibn al-Nu'man
Al-Mundhir III ibn al-Nu'man (المنذر بن النعمان), also known as Al-Mundhir ibn Imri' al-Qays (المنذر بن إمرئ القيس) (died 554) was the king of the Lakhmids in 503/505–554. Khosrow I and al-Mundhir III ibn al-Nu'man are people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars.
See Khosrow I and Al-Mundhir III ibn al-Nu'man
Al-Tabari
Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn Jarīr ibn Yazīd al-Ṭabarī (أَبُو جَعْفَر مُحَمَّد بْن جَرِير بْن يَزِيد ٱلطَّبَرِيّ; 839–923 CE / 224–310 AH), commonly known as al-Ṭabarī (ٱلطَّبَرِيّ), was a Sunni Muslim scholar, polymath, traditionalist, historian, exegete, jurist, and theologian from Amol, Tabaristan, present-day Iran.
Alans
The Alans (Latin: Alani) were an ancient and medieval Iranic nomadic pastoral people who migrated to what is today North Caucasus – while some continued on to Europe and later North-Africa.
Aleppo
Aleppo (ﺣَﻠَﺐ, ALA-LC) is a city in Syria, which serves as the capital of the Aleppo Governorate, the most populous governorate of Syria.
Amida (Mesopotamia)
Amida (Ἄμιδα, ܐܡܝܕ, Amed) was an ancient city in Mesopotamia located where modern Diyarbakır, Turkey now stands.
See Khosrow I and Amida (Mesopotamia)
Amu Darya
The Amu Darya, also called the Amu, the Amo, and historically the Oxus (Latin: Ōxus; Greek: Ὦξος, Ôxos), is a major river in Central Asia, which flows through Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Afghanistan.
Angeghtun
Angeghtun or Ingilene (Ἰγγηληνή) was a district of the ancient Kingdom of Armenia centered on the city and fortress of Anggh, which gave its name to the district.
Anoshazad
Anōshazād (Middle Persian), known in the Shahnameh as Nōshzād (نوشزاد), was a Sasanian prince who was the leader of a revolt in southwestern province of Khuzistan in the 540s.
Antioch
Antioch on the Orontes (Antiókheia hē epì Oróntou)Ἀντιόχεια ἡ ἐπὶ Ὀρόντου; or Ἀντιόχεια ἡ ἐπὶ Δάφνῃ "Antioch on Daphne"; or Ἀντιόχεια ἡ Μεγάλη "Antioch the Great"; Antiochia ad Orontem; Անտիոք Antiokʽ; ܐܢܛܝܘܟܝܐ Anṭiokya; אנטיוכיה, Anṭiyokhya; أنطاكية, Anṭākiya; انطاکیه; Antakya.
Apamea, Syria
Apamea (Ἀπάμεια, Apameia; آفاميا, Afamia), on the right bank of the Orontes River, was an ancient Greek and Roman city.
See Khosrow I and Apamea, Syria
Apostasy
Apostasy (defection, revolt) is the formal disaffiliation from, abandonment of, or renunciation of a religion by a person.
Arabic
Arabic (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, or عَرَبِيّ, or) is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world.
Arabs
The Arabs (عَرَب, DIN 31635:, Arabic pronunciation), also known as the Arab people (الشَّعْبَ الْعَرَبِيّ), are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa.
Ardestan
Ardestan (اردستان) is a city in the Central District of Ardestan County, Isfahan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.
Arzanene
Arzanene (Ἀρζανηνή) or Aghdznik was a historical region in the southwest of the ancient kingdom of Armenia.
Asoristan
Asoristan (𐭠𐭮𐭥𐭥𐭮𐭲𐭭 Asōristān, Āsūristān) was the name of the Sasanian province of Assyria and Babylonia from 226 to 637.
Assyrian people
Assyrians are an indigenous ethnic group native to Mesopotamia, a geographical region in West Asia.
See Khosrow I and Assyrian people
Aswaran
The Aswārān (singular aswār), also spelled Asbārān and Savaran, was a cavalry force that formed the backbone of the army of the Sasanian Empire.
Avesta
The Avesta is the primary collection of religious texts of Zoroastrianism from at least the late Sassanid period (ca. 6th century CE).
Avestan
Avestan is an umbrella term for two Old Iranian languages, Old Avestan (spoken in the 2nd to 1st millennium BC) and Younger Avestan (spoken in the 1st millennium BC).
Backgammon
Backgammon is a two-player board game played with counters and dice on tables boards.
Bahram Chobin
Bahrām Chōbīn (بهرامچوبین) or Wahrām Chōbēn (Middle Persian: 𐭥𐭫𐭧𐭫𐭠𐭭), also known by his epithet Mehrbandak ("servant of Mithra"), was a nobleman, general, and political leader of the late Sasanian Empire and briefly its ruler as Bahram VI (r. 590–591). Khosrow I and Bahram Chobin are 6th-century Sasanian monarchs, people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars and Shahnameh characters.
See Khosrow I and Bahram Chobin
Battle of Anglon
The Battle of Anglon took place in 543 AD, during the Byzantine (East Roman) invasion of Sasanian-ruled Armenia ("Persarmenia").
See Khosrow I and Battle of Anglon
Battle of Gol-Zarriun
The Battle of Gol-Zarriun, also known as Battle of Bukhara, took place in c. 560 when the Sasanian Empire allied with the First Turkic Khaganate against the Hephthalite Empire.
See Khosrow I and Battle of Gol-Zarriun
Battle of Nisibis (541)
The Battle of Nisibis was fought between Byzantine forces under Belisarius and Peter and the Sassanian garrison of the frontier fortress of Nisibis that was under Nabedes.
See Khosrow I and Battle of Nisibis (541)
Bawi
Bawi was a Sasanian military officer from the Ispahbudhan family who was involved in the Anastasian War and the Iberian War between the Sasanian and Byzantine Empire. Khosrow I and Bawi are people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars.
Belisarius
Belisarius (Βελισάριος; The exact date of his birth is unknown. – 565) was a military commander of the Byzantine Empire under the emperor Justinian I. Belisarius was instrumental in the reconquest of much of the Mediterranean territory belonging to the former Western Roman Empire, which had been lost less than a century prior. Khosrow I and Belisarius are people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars.
Bimaristan
A bimaristan, or simply maristan, known in Arabic also as dar al-shifa ("house of healing"; darüşşifa in Turkish), is a hospital in the historic Islamic world.
BnF Museum
The BnF Museum or Museum of the Bibliothèque nationale de France, formerly known as the Cabinet des Médailles, is a significant art and history museum in Paris.
Brill Publishers
Brill Academic Publishers, also known as E. J. Brill, Koninklijke Brill, Brill, is a Dutch international academic publisher of books and journals.
See Khosrow I and Brill Publishers
Byzantine–Sasanian War of 572–591
The Byzantine–Sasanian War of 572–591 was a war fought between the Sasanian Empire of Persia and the Byzantine Empire.
See Khosrow I and Byzantine–Sasanian War of 572–591
Caliphate
A caliphate or khilāfah (خِلَافَةْ) is a monarchical form of government (initially elective, later absolute) that originated in the 7th century Arabia, whose political identity is based on a claim of succession to the Islamic State of Muhammad and the identification of a monarch called caliph (خَلِيفَةْ) as his heir and successor.
Caspian Sea
The Caspian Sea is the world's largest inland body of water, often described as the world's largest lake and sometimes referred to as a full-fledged sea.
Casus belli
A casus belli is an act or an event that either provokes or is used to justify a war.
Catholicos
A catholicos (plural: catholicoi) is the head of certain churches in some Eastern Christian traditions.
Caucasus
The Caucasus or Caucasia, is a transcontinental region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia.
Central Asia
Central Asia is a subregion of Asia that stretches from the Caspian Sea in the southwest and Eastern Europe in the northwest to Western China and Mongolia in the east, and from Afghanistan and Iran in the south to Russia in the north.
See Khosrow I and Central Asia
Centralized government
A centralized government (also united government) is one in which both executive and legislative power is concentrated centrally at the higher level as opposed to it being more distributed at various lower level governments.
See Khosrow I and Centralized government
Chaghaniyan
Chaghaniyan (Middle Persian: Chagīnīgān; چغانیان Chaghāniyān), known as al-Saghaniyan in Arabic sources, was a medieval region and principality located on the right bank of the Oxus River, to the south of Samarkand.
Chess
Chess is a board game for two players.
Chihor-Vishnasp
Chihor-Vishnasp Suren, also known as Chihr-Gushnasp and Suren, was an Iranian military officer from the Suren family, who served as the governor (marzban) of Persian Armenia from 564 until his murder on 23 February 572 by the Armenian rebel Vardan III Mamikonian.
See Khosrow I and Chihor-Vishnasp
Chovgan
Chovgan, Chowgan or Chogan (čōwgan, Çovqan), is a team sport with horses that originated in ancient Iran.
Chronicle of Seert
The Chronicle of Seert, sometimes called the Histoire nestorienne, is an ecclesiastical history written in Arabic by an anonymous Nestorian writer, at an unknown date between the ninth and the eleventh century.
See Khosrow I and Chronicle of Seert
Church of the East
The Church of the East (''ʿĒḏtā d-Maḏenḥā''.) or the East Syriac Church, also called the Church of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, the Persian Church, the Assyrian Church, the Babylonian Church or the Nestorian Church, is one of three major branches of Nicene Eastern Christianity that arose from the Christological controversies of the 5th and 6th centuries, alongside the Miaphisite churches (which came to be known as the Oriental Orthodox Churches) and the Chalcedonian Church (whose Eastern branch would later become the Eastern Orthodox Church).
See Khosrow I and Church of the East
Circesium
Circesium (ܩܪܩܣܝܢ, Κιρκήσιον), known in Arabic as al-Qarqisiya, was a Roman fortress city near the junction of the Euphrates and Khabur rivers, located at the empire's eastern frontier with the Sasanian Empire.
Communism
Communism (from Latin label) is a sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology within the socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered around common ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange that allocates products to everyone in the society based on need.
Constantia (Osrhoene)
Constantia or Konstantia (Κωνσταντία) was a town of some importance in the province Osrhoene in Mesopotamia, on the road between Nisibis and Carrhae, at no great distance from Edessa.
See Khosrow I and Constantia (Osrhoene)
Constantinople
Constantinople (see other names) became the capital of the Roman Empire during the reign of Constantine the Great in 330.
See Khosrow I and Constantinople
Ctesiphon
Ctesiphon (𐭲𐭩𐭮𐭯𐭥𐭭, Tyspwn or Tysfwn; تیسفون; Κτησιφῶν,; ܩܛܝܣܦܘܢThomas A. Carlson et al., “Ctesiphon — ܩܛܝܣܦܘܢ ” in The Syriac Gazetteer last modified July 28, 2014, http://syriaca.org/place/58.) was an ancient Mesopotamian city, located on the eastern bank of the Tigris, and about southeast of present-day Baghdad.
Dara (Mesopotamia)
Dara or Daras (Turkish: Dara Antik Kenti; Kurdish: Darê; Δάρας; ܕܪܐ) was an important East Roman fortress city in northern Mesopotamia on the border with the Sassanid Empire.
See Khosrow I and Dara (Mesopotamia)
Date palm
Phoenix dactylifera, commonly known as the date palm, is a flowering-plant species in the palm family, Arecaceae, cultivated for its edible sweet fruit called dates.
Dehqan
The dehqân (دهقان) or dehgân (دهگان), were a class of land-owning magnates during the Sasanian and early Islamic period, found throughout Iranian-speaking lands.
Denkard
The Dēnkard or Dēnkart (Middle Persian: 𐭣𐭩𐭭𐭪𐭠𐭫𐭲 "Acts of Religion") is a 10th-century compendium of Zoroastrian beliefs and customs during the time.
Dvin (ancient city)
Dvin was a large commercial city and the capital of early medieval Armenia.
See Khosrow I and Dvin (ancient city)
Edessa
Edessa (Édessa) was an ancient city (polis) in Upper Mesopotamia, in what is now Urfa or Şanlıurfa, Turkey.
Encyclopædia Iranica
Encyclopædia Iranica is a project whose goal is to create a comprehensive and authoritative English-language encyclopedia about the history, culture, and civilization of Iranian peoples from prehistory to modern times.
See Khosrow I and Encyclopædia Iranica
Ethiopia
Ethiopia, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country located in the Horn of Africa region of East Africa.
Faghanish
Faghanish was a Hephthalite prince, who was the ruler of Chaghaniyan in the mid-6th century.
Far East
The Far East is the geographical region that encompasses the easternmost portion of the Asian continent, including East, North, and Southeast Asia.
Fariburz
Fariburz, known in Byzantine sources as Phabrizus (Φάβριζος), was a 6th-century Iranian military officer from the Mihran family, who served under the Sasanian king Khosrau I (r. 531–579). Khosrow I and Fariburz are Lazic War and people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars.
Ferdowsi
Abul-Qâsem Ferdowsi Tusi (ابوالقاسمفردوسی توسی; 940 – 1019/1025), also Firdawsi or Ferdowsi (فردوسی), was a Persian poet and the author of Shahnameh ("Book of Kings"), which is one of the world's longest epic poems created by a single poet, and the greatest epic of Persian-speaking countries.
Feudalism
Feudalism, also known as the feudal system, was a combination of legal, economic, military, cultural, and political customs that flourished in medieval Europe from the 9th to 15th centuries.
Fifty-Year Peace Treaty
The Treaty of Dara, also known as the Fifty-Year Peace, was a peace treaty concluded between the Byzantine (Eastern Roman) and Sassanid (Persian) empires at the frontier town of Dara in what is now southern Turkey in 562. Khosrow I and Fifty-Year Peace Treaty are Lazic War.
See Khosrow I and Fifty-Year Peace Treaty
Fire temple
A fire temple, (darb-e Mehr, lit. ‘Door of Kindness’)(agiyārī) is the place of worship for the followers of Zoroastrianism, the ancient religion of Persia.
First Turkic Khaganate
The First Turkic Khaganate, also referred to as the First Turkic Empire, Göktürk Khaganate, or the Turkic Khaganate (𐰃𐰓𐰃𐰆𐰴𐰽𐰔:𐰰𐰇𐰚:𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰰), was a Turkic khaganate established by the Ashina clan of the Göktürks in medieval Inner Asia under the leadership of Bumin Qaghan (d.
See Khosrow I and First Turkic Khaganate
Fortifications of Derbent
The Fortifications of Derbent (Darband) are one of the fortified defense lines, some of which date to the times as early as those built by the Persian Sasanian Empire to protect the eastern passage of the Caucasus Mountains (the "Caspian Gates") against the attacks of the nomadic peoples of the Pontic–Caspian steppe.
See Khosrow I and Fortifications of Derbent
Gallows
A gallows (or less precisely scaffold) is a frame or elevated beam, typically wooden, from which objects can be suspended or "weighed".
Gandhara
Gandhara was an ancient Indo-Aryan civilization centred in present-day north-west Pakistan and north-east Afghanistan.
Göktürks
The Göktürks, Celestial Turks or Blue Turks (Türük Bodun) were a Turkic people in medieval Inner Asia.
Germanus (cousin of Justinian I)
Germanus (Γερμανός; died 550) was an Eastern Roman general, one of the leading commanders of Emperor Justinian I (r. 527–565).
See Khosrow I and Germanus (cousin of Justinian I)
Ghassanids
The Ghassanids, also called the Jafnids, were an Arab tribe which founded a kingdom which was in place from the third century to the seventh century in the area of the Levant and northern Arabia. They emigrated from South Arabia in the early third century to the Levant. Some merged with Hellenized Christian communities, converting to Christianity in the first few centuries, while others may have already been Christians before emigrating north to escape religious persecution.
Golon Mihran
Golon Mihran (from Middle Iranian Gōrgōn), also known as Mihran Mihrevandak, was a Sasanian spahbed, and also the marzban of Persian Armenia from 572 to 574.
See Khosrow I and Golon Mihran
Great Wall of China
The Great Wall of China (literally "ten thousand ''li'' long wall") is a series of fortifications that were built across the historical northern borders of ancient Chinese states and Imperial China as protection against various nomadic groups from the Eurasian Steppe.
See Khosrow I and Great Wall of China
Great Wall of Gorgan
The Great Wall of Gorgan is a Sasanian-era defense system located near modern Gorgan in the Golestān Province of northeastern Iran, at the southeastern corner of the Caspian Sea.
See Khosrow I and Great Wall of Gorgan
Greek language
Greek (Elliniká,; Hellēnikḗ) is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus, Italy (in Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean.
See Khosrow I and Greek language
Gregory the Commander
Gregory the Commander was a Sasanian military leader from the House of Mihran, who denounced Zoroastrianism and converted to Christianity, but was later as a result executed between 555-562.
See Khosrow I and Gregory the Commander
Gubazes II of Lazica
Gubazes II (გუბაზ II, Γουβάζης) was king of Lazica (modern western Georgia) from circa 541 until his assassination in 555. Khosrow I and Gubazes II of Lazica are Lazic War and people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars.
See Khosrow I and Gubazes II of Lazica
Gundeshapur
Gundeshapur (𐭥𐭧𐭩𐭠𐭭𐭣𐭩𐭥𐭪𐭱𐭧𐭯𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭩, Weh-Andiōk-Šābuhr; New Persian: گندیشاپور, Gondēshāpūr) was the intellectual centre of the Sassanid Empire and the home of the Academy of Gundeshapur, founded by Sassanid Emperor Shapur I. Gundeshapur was home to a teaching hospital and had a library and a centre of higher learning.
Hadrian's Wall
Hadrian's Wall (Vallum Hadriani, also known as the Roman Wall, Picts' Wall, or Vallum Aelium in Latin) is a former defensive fortification of the Roman province of Britannia, begun in AD 122 in the reign of the Emperor Hadrian.
See Khosrow I and Hadrian's Wall
Halabiye
Halabiye (حلبيّة, Latin/Greek: Zenobia, Birtha) is an archaeological site on the right bank of the Euphrates River in Deir ez-Zor Governorate, Syria.
Hephthalites
The Hephthalites (translit), sometimes called the White Huns (also known as the White Hunas, in Iranian as the Spet Xyon and in Sanskrit as the Sveta-huna), were a people who lived in Central Asia during the 5th to 8th centuries CE, part of the larger group of the Iranian Huns.
See Khosrow I and Hephthalites
Herbad
Hērbad (also hīrbad, hērbed or ērvad) is a title given to Zoroastrian priests of minor orders.
Hermogenes (magister officiorum)
Hermogenes (Ἑρμογένης; died 535/536 AD) was an Eastern Roman official who served as, military commander and diplomatic envoy during the Iberian War against Sassanid Persia in the early reign of Emperor Justinian I (r. 527–565). Khosrow I and Hermogenes (magister officiorum) are people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars.
See Khosrow I and Hermogenes (magister officiorum)
Himyarite Kingdom
The Himyarite Kingdom was a polity in the southern highlands of Yemen, as well as the name of the region which it claimed.
See Khosrow I and Himyarite Kingdom
Hippodrome
Hippodrome is a term sometimes used for public entertainment venues of various types.
History of the Prophets and Kings
The History of the Prophets and Kings (تاريخ الرسل والملوك Tārīkh al-Rusul wa al-Mulūk), more commonly known as Tarikh al-Tabari (تاريخ الطبري) or Tarikh-i Tabari or The History of al-Tabari (تاریخ طبری) is an Arabic-language historical chronicle completed by the Muslim historian Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (225–310 AH, 838–923 AD) in 915 AD.
See Khosrow I and History of the Prophets and Kings
Hormizd IV
Hormizd IV (also spelled Hormozd IV or Ohrmazd IV; 𐭠𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭬𐭦𐭣) was the Sasanian King of Kings of Iran from 579 to 590. Khosrow I and Hormizd IV are 6th-century Sasanian monarchs, people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars and Shahnameh characters.
House of Ispahbudhan
The House of Ispahbudhan or the House of Aspahbadh was one of the seven Parthian clans of the Sasanian Empire.
See Khosrow I and House of Ispahbudhan
House of Karen
The House of Karen (Kārēn; Kārēn; Kārin or Kāren), also known as Karen-Pahlav (Kārēn-Pahlaw), was one of the Seven Great Houses of Iran during the rule of Parthian and Sassanian Empires.
See Khosrow I and House of Karen
House of Mihran
The House of Mihrān or House of Mehrān (Middle Persian: 𐭬𐭨𐭥𐭠𐭭; new Persian: مهران), was a leading Iranian noble family (šahrdārān), one of the Seven Great Houses of the Sassanid Persian Empire which claimed descent from the earlier Arsacid dynasty.
See Khosrow I and House of Mihran
House of Spandiyadh
The House of Spandiyadh (also spelled Spendiad and Isfandiyar, Middle Persian: 𐭮𐭯𐭭𐭣𐭩𐭲 Spandyat "given by Spenta Armaiti") was one of the seven great houses of the Sasanian Empire.
See Khosrow I and House of Spandiyadh
House of Suren
House of Suren or Surenas.
See Khosrow I and House of Suren
Huns
The Huns were a nomadic people who lived in Central Asia, the Caucasus, and Eastern Europe between the 4th and 6th centuries AD.
Hyrcania
Hyrcania (Ὑρκανία Hyrkanía, Old Persian: 𐎺𐎼𐎣𐎠𐎴 Varkâna,Lendering (1996) Middle Persian: 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢𐭠𐭭 Gurgān, Akkadian: Urqananu) is a historical region composed of the land south-east of the Caspian Sea in modern-day Iran and Turkmenistan, bound in the south by the Alborz mountain range and the Kopet Dag in the east.
Iberian War
The Iberian War was fought from 526 to 532 between the Byzantine Empire and the Sasanian Empire over the eastern Georgian kingdom of Iberia—a Sasanian client state that defected to the Byzantines.
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI), also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Turkey to the northwest and Iraq to the west, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Caspian Sea, and Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south.
Iranian peoples
The Iranian peoples or Iranic peoples are a diverse grouping of peoples who are identified by their usage of the Iranian languages (branch of the Indo-European languages) and other cultural similarities.
See Khosrow I and Iranian peoples
Islam
Islam (al-Islām) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder.
Istämi
Istämi (or Dizabul or Ishtemi Sir Yabghu Khagan) was the ruler of the western part of the Göktürks, which became the Western Turkic Khaganate and dominated the Sogdians.
Italian Peninsula
The Italian Peninsula (Italian: penisola italica or penisola italiana), also known as the Italic Peninsula, Apennine Peninsula or Italian Boot, is a peninsula extending from the southern Alps in the north to the central Mediterranean Sea in the south, which comprises much of the country of Italy and the enclaved microstates of San Marino and Vatican City.
See Khosrow I and Italian Peninsula
Italy
Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern and Western Europe.
Izadgushasp
Izadgushasp (also spelled Yazdgushnasp), known in Byzantine sources as Isdigousnas Zikh, was an Iranian nobleman from the House of Mihran, who served as one of Khosrow I's viziers (wuzurg framadar). Khosrow I and Izadgushasp are Lazic War and people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars.
Jesus
Jesus (AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ, Jesus of Nazareth, and many other names and titles, was a first-century Jewish preacher and religious leader.
Jews
The Jews (יְהוּדִים) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites of the ancient Near East, and whose traditional religion is Judaism.
John of Ephesus
John of Ephesus (or of Asia) (Greek: Ίωάννης ό Έφέσιος, Classical Syriac: ܝܘܚܢܢ ܕܐܦܣܘܣ, c. 507 – c. 588 AD) was a leader of the early Syriac Orthodox Church in the sixth century and one of the earliest and the most important historians to write in Syriac.
See Khosrow I and John of Ephesus
Julius Caesar
Gaius Julius Caesar (12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman.
See Khosrow I and Julius Caesar
Justin I
Justin I (Iustinus; Ioustînos; 450 – 1 August 527), also called Justin the Thracian (Justinus Thrax; Ioustînos ho Thrâix), was Eastern Roman emperor from 518 to 527. Khosrow I and Justin I are people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars.
Justin II
Justin II (Iustinus; Ioustînos; died 5 October 578) was Eastern Roman emperor from 565 until 578. Khosrow I and Justin II are people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars.
Justinian I
Justinian I (Iūstīniānus,; Ioustinianós,; 48214 November 565), also known as Justinian the Great, was the Eastern Roman emperor from 527 to 565. Khosrow I and Justinian I are Lazic War and people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars.
Kannauj
Kannauj (Hindustani pronunciation: kənːɔːd͡ʒ) is an ancient city, administrative headquarters and a municipal board or Nagar Palika Parishad in Kannauj district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.
Kavad I
Kavad I (𐭪𐭥𐭠𐭲; 473 – 13 September 531) was the Sasanian King of Kings of Iran from 488 to 531, with a two or three-year interruption. Khosrow I and Kavad I are 6th-century Sasanian monarchs, city founders, people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars and Shahnameh characters.
Kawus
Kawus, recorded as Caoses by Procopius of Caesarea and Kayus (كيوس) by early Islamic sources, was the eldest son of Kavadh I, the Sasanian emperor of Iran.
Kay Bahman
Kay Bahman or Wahman (from Middle Persian: Wahman "good mind") is a mythological figure of Greater Iranian legend and lore. Khosrow I and Kay Bahman are Shahnameh characters.
Kay Khosrow
Kay Khosrow (کیخسرو) is a legendary king of Iran of Kayanian dynasty and a character in the Persian epic book, Shahnameh. Khosrow I and Kay Khosrow are Shahnameh characters.
Kayanian dynasty
The Kayanians (دودمان کیانیان; also Kays, Kayanids, Kaianids, Kiyani, Kayani, or Kiani) are a legendary dynasty of Persian/Iranian tradition and folklore which supposedly ruled after the Pishdadians each of whom held the title Kay (such as Kay Khosrow), meaning "king".
See Khosrow I and Kayanian dynasty
Khagan
Khagan or Qaghan (Mongolian:; or Khagan; 𐰴𐰍𐰣) is a title of imperial rank in Turkic, Mongolic, and some other languages, equal to the status of emperor and someone who rules a khaganate (empire).
Khazars
The Khazars were a nomadic Turkic people that, in the late 6th-century CE, established a major commercial empire covering the southeastern section of modern European Russia, southern Ukraine, Crimea, and Kazakhstan.
Khosrow II
Khosrow II (spelled Chosroes II in classical sources; Husrō and Khosrau), commonly known as Khosrow Parviz (New Persian: خسرو پرویز, "Khosrow the Victorious"), is considered to be the last great Sasanian king (shah) of Iran, ruling from 590 to 628, with an interruption of one year. Khosrow I and Khosrow II are 6th-century Sasanian monarchs and Shahnameh characters.
Khwaday-Namag
Khwadāy-Nāmag (New Persian: خداینامه) was a Middle Persian history from the Sasanian era.
See Khosrow I and Khwaday-Namag
King of Kings
King of Kings was a ruling title employed primarily by monarchs based in the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent.
See Khosrow I and King of Kings
Kingdom of Aksum
The Kingdom of Aksum (ʾÄksum; 𐩱𐩫𐩪𐩣,; Axōmítēs) also known as the Kingdom of Axum, or the Aksumite Empire, was a kingdom in East Africa and South Arabia from classical antiquity to the Middle Ages.
See Khosrow I and Kingdom of Aksum
Kingdom of Iberia
In Greco-Roman geography, Iberia (Ancient Greek: Ἰβηρία Iberia; Hiberia; Parthian:; Middle Persian) was an exonym for the Georgian kingdom of Kartli (ႵႠႰႧႪႨ), known after its core province, which during Classical Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages was a significant monarchy in the Caucasus, either as an independent state or as a dependent of larger empires, notably the Sassanid and Roman empires.
See Khosrow I and Kingdom of Iberia
Lakhmid kingdom
The Lakhmid Kingdom (translit), also referred to in Arabic as al-Manādhirah (المناذرة, romanized as) or Banu Lakhm (بنو لخم, romanized as) was an Arab kingdom in Southern Iraq and Eastern Arabia, with al-Hirah as their capital, from the late 3rd century to 602 AD/CE.
See Khosrow I and Lakhmid kingdom
Lazic War
The Lazic War, also known as the Colchidian War or in Georgian historiography as the Great War of Egrisi, was fought between the Byzantine Empire and the Sasanian Empire for control of the ancient Georgian region of Lazica.
Lazica
Kingdom of Lazica (ႤႢႰႨႱႨ, Egrisi; ლაზიკა, Laziǩa; Λαζική, Lazikí), also known as Lazian Empire, was the state in the territory of west Georgia in the Roman-Byzantine period, from about the 1st century BC.
List of monarchs of the Sasanian Empire
The Sasanian monarchs were the rulers of Iran after their victory against their former suzerain, the Parthian Empire, at the Battle of Hormozdgan in 224.
See Khosrow I and List of monarchs of the Sasanian Empire
Magi
Magi, or magus, is the term for priests in Zoroastrianism and earlier Iranian religions.
Mamikonian
Mamikonian, or Mamikonean (reformed orthography: Մամիկոնյան, Western Armenian pronunciation: Mamigonian), was an Armenian aristocratic dynasty which dominated Armenian politics between the 4th and 8th centuries.
Manbij
Manbij (Manbiǧ, Minbic, Münbiç, Menbic, or Menbiç) is a city in the northeast of Aleppo Governorate in northern Syria, west of the Euphrates.
Manichaeism
Manichaeism (in New Persian آیینِ مانی) is a former major world religion,R.
Matthew Canepa
Matthew Philip Canepa is an American historian of art, and archaeology; as well as a writer and educator.
See Khosrow I and Matthew Canepa
Maukhari dynasty
The Maukhari dynasty (Gupta script:, Mau-kha-ri) was the ruling house of the Kingdom of Kannauj and controlled the vast plains of Ganga-Yamuna for over six generations from their capital at Kannauj.
See Khosrow I and Maukhari dynasty
Maurice (emperor)
Maurice (Mauricius;; 539 – 27 November 602) was Byzantine emperor from 582 to 602 and the last member of the Justinian dynasty. Khosrow I and Maurice (emperor) are people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars.
See Khosrow I and Maurice (emperor)
Mazdak
Mazdak (مزدک, Middle Persian: 𐭬𐭦𐭣𐭪, also Mazdak the Younger; died c. 524 or 528) was an Iranian Zoroastrian mobad (priest) and religious reformer who gained influence during the reign of the Sasanian emperor Kavadh I. He claimed to be a prophet of Ahura Mazda and instituted social welfare programs. Khosrow I and Mazdak are Shahnameh characters.
Mazdakism
Mazdakism (Persian: مزدکیه) was an Iranian religion, which was an offshoot of Zoroastrianism.
Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, on the east by the Levant in West Asia, and on the west almost by the Morocco–Spain border.
See Khosrow I and Mediterranean Sea
Menander Protector
Menander Protector (Menander the Guardsman, Menander the Byzantian; Μένανδρος Προτήκτωρ or Προτέκτωρ) was a Byzantine historian, born in Constantinople in the middle of the 6th century AD.
See Khosrow I and Menander Protector
Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia is a historical region of West Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in the northern part of the Fertile Crescent.
Mesopotamia (Roman province)
Mesopotamia was the name of a Roman province, initially a short-lived creation of the Roman emperor Trajan in 116–117 and then re-established by Emperor Septimius Severus in c. 198.
See Khosrow I and Mesopotamia (Roman province)
Middle Persian
Middle Persian, also known by its endonym Pārsīk or Pārsīg (Pahlavi script: 𐭯𐭠𐭫𐭮𐭩𐭪, Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫀𐫡𐫘𐫏𐫐, Avestan script: 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬯𐬍𐬐) in its later form, is a Western Middle Iranian language which became the literary language of the Sasanian Empire.
See Khosrow I and Middle Persian
Mihransitad
Mihransitad (also spelled Mihran Sitad) was an Iranian nobleman from the House of Mihran, who often served as an adviser and diplomat for the Sasanian Empire. Khosrow I and Mihransitad are Shahnameh characters.
Miskawayh
Ibn Miskawayh (مُسْکُـوْيَه Muskūyah, 932–1030), (Arabic: مِسْكَوَيْه، أبو علي محمد بن أحمد بن يعقوب مسكويه الرازي) full name Abū ʿAlī Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb Miskawayh al-Rāzī was a Persian chancery official of the Buyid era, and philosopher and historian from Parandak, Iran.
Nahrawan Canal
The Nahrawan Canal was a major irrigation system of the Sasanian and early Islamic periods in central Iraq, along the eastern banks of the Tigris and the lower course of the Diyala River.
See Khosrow I and Nahrawan Canal
New Persian
New Persian (translit), also known as Modern Persian (فارسی نوین) is the current stage of the Persian language spoken since the 8th to 9th centuries until now in Greater Iran and surroundings.
North Africa
North Africa (sometimes Northern Africa) is a region encompassing the northern portion of the African continent. There is no singularly accepted scope for the region, and it is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of the Western Sahara in the west, to Egypt and Sudan's Red Sea coast in the east.
See Khosrow I and North Africa
Northern England
Northern England, or the North of England, is a region that forms the northern part of England and mainly corresponds to the historic counties of Cheshire, Cumberland, Durham, Lancashire, Northumberland, Westmorland and Yorkshire.
See Khosrow I and Northern England
Nusaybin
Nusaybin is a municipality and district of Mardin Province, Turkey.
Olive
The olive, botanical name Olea europaea, meaning 'European olive', is a species of small tree or shrub in the family Oleaceae, found traditionally in the Mediterranean Basin.
Ostrogoths
The Ostrogoths (Ostrogothi, Austrogothi) were a Roman-era Germanic people.
Padishkhwargar
Padishkhwārgar was a Sasanian province in Late Antiquity, which almost corresponded to the present-day provinces of Mazandaran and Gilan.
See Khosrow I and Padishkhwargar
Palmyra
Palmyra (Palmyrene:, romanized: Tadmor; Tadmur) is an ancient city in the eastern part of the Levant, now in the center of modern Syria.
Parasang
The parasang, also known as a farsakh (from Arabic), is a historical Iranian unit of walking distance, the length of which varied according to terrain and speed of travel.
Patriarch of the Church of the East
The patriarch of the Church of the East (also known as patriarch of the East, patriarch of Babylon, the catholicose of the East or the grand metropolitan of the East) is the patriarch, or leader and head bishop (sometimes referred to as Catholicos or universal leader) of the Church of the East.
See Khosrow I and Patriarch of the Church of the East
Paul the Persian
Paul the Persian or Paulus Persa was a 6th-century East Syriac theologian and philosopher who worked at the court of the Sassanid king Khosrau I. He wrote several treatises and commentaries on Aristotle, which had some influence on medieval Islamic philosophy.
See Khosrow I and Paul the Persian
Paytakaran
Paytakaran (translit) was the easternmost province of the Kingdom of Armenia.
Peroz I
Peroz I (Pērōz) was the Sasanian King of Kings of Iran from 459 to 484. Khosrow I and Peroz I are city founders and Shahnameh characters.
Perpetual Peace (532)
The Perpetual Peace or the Treaty of Eternal Peace (ἀπέραντος εἰρήνη), signed in 532 between the East Roman (Byzantine) Empire and Sassanid Persia, was a peace treaty of indefinite duration, which concluded the Iberian War (527–531) between the two powers.
See Khosrow I and Perpetual Peace (532)
Persian Gulf
The Persian Gulf (Fars), sometimes called the (Al-Khalīj al-ˁArabī), is a mediterranean sea in West Asia.
See Khosrow I and Persian Gulf
Petra, Lazica
Petra was a fortified town on the eastern Black Sea coast, in Lazica in what is now western Georgia. In the 6th century, under the Byzantine emperor Justinian I, it served as an important Eastern Roman outpost in the Caucasus and, due to its strategic location, became a battleground of the 541–562 Lazic War between Rome and Sasanian Persia (Iran).
See Khosrow I and Petra, Lazica
Philosopher king
The philosopher king is a hypothetical ruler in whom political skill is combined with philosophical knowledge.
See Khosrow I and Philosopher king
Platonism
Platonism is the philosophy of Plato and philosophical systems closely derived from it, though contemporary Platonists do not necessarily accept all doctrines of Plato.
Polo
Polo is a ball game that is played on horseback, a traditional field sport and one of the world's oldest known team sports.
Procopius
Procopius of Caesarea (Προκόπιος ὁ Καισαρεύς Prokópios ho Kaisareús; Procopius Caesariensis; –565) was a prominent late antique Greek scholar and historian from Caesarea Maritima. Khosrow I and Procopius are people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars.
Public bathing
Public baths originated when most people in population centers did not have access to private bathing facilities.
See Khosrow I and Public bathing
Quaestor sacri palatii
The quaestor sacri palatii (κοιαίστωρ/κυαίστωρ τοῦ ἱεροῦ παλατίου, usually simply ὁ κοιαίστωρ/κυαίστωρ; English: Quaestor of the Sacred Palace) was the senior legal authority in the late Roman Empire and early Byzantium, responsible for drafting laws.
See Khosrow I and Quaestor sacri palatii
Quintal
The quintal or centner is a historical unit of mass in many countries which is usually defined as 100 base units, such as pounds or kilograms.
Ras al-Ayn
Ras al-Ayn (Raʾs al-ʿAyn, Serê Kaniyê, Rēš Aynā), also spelled Ras al-Ain, is a city in al-Hasakah Governorate in northeastern Syria, on the Syria–Turkey border.
Red Sea
The Red Sea is a sea inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia.
Roderich von Erckert
Roderich von Erckert (15 December 1821 – 12 December 1900) was a German ethnographer and officer.
See Khosrow I and Roderich von Erckert
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.
See Khosrow I and Roman Empire
Roman Syria
Roman Syria was an early Roman province annexed to the Roman Republic in 64 BC by Pompey in the Third Mithridatic War following the defeat of King of Armenia Tigranes the Great, who had become the protector of the Hellenistic kingdom of Syria.
Roman–Persian Wars
The Roman–Persian Wars, also known as the Roman–Iranian Wars, were a series of conflicts between states of the Greco-Roman world and two successive Iranian empires: the Parthian and the Sasanian.
See Khosrow I and Roman–Persian Wars
Routledge
Routledge is a British multinational publisher.
Rufinus (Byzantine official)
Rufinus (Ῥουφῖνος) was a Byzantine military officer and emissary of the 6th century, active during the reigns of emperors Anastasius I Dicorus (r. 491–518), Justin I (r. 518–527), and Justinian I (r. 527–565).
See Khosrow I and Rufinus (Byzantine official)
Sabir people
The Sabirs (Savirs, Suars, Sawar, Sawirk among others; Σάβιροι) were a nomadic Turkic equestrian people who lived in the north of the Caucasus beginning in the late-5th -7th century, on the eastern shores of the Black Sea, in the Kuban area, and possibly came from Western Siberia.
See Khosrow I and Sabir people
Sanskrit
Sanskrit (attributively संस्कृत-,; nominally संस्कृतम्) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages.
Sarir
Sarir or Serir was a medieval Christian state lasting from the 6th or 7th century to the 12th century in the mountainous regions of modern-day Dagestan in southern Russia.
Sasanian coinage
Sasanian coinage was produced within the domains of the Iranian Sasanian Empire (224–651).
See Khosrow I and Sasanian coinage
Sasanian defense lines
The defense lines (or "limes") of the Sasanians were part of their military strategy and tactics.
See Khosrow I and Sasanian defense lines
Sasanian dynasty
The Sasanian dynasty (also known as the Sassanids or the House of Sasan) was the house that founded the Sasanian Empire of Iran, ruling this empire from 224 to 651 AD.
See Khosrow I and Sasanian dynasty
Sasanian Empire
The Sasanian Empire or Sassanid Empire, and officially known as Eranshahr ("Land/Empire of the Iranians"), was the last Iranian empire before the early Muslim conquests of the 7th to 8th centuries.
See Khosrow I and Sasanian Empire
Seleucia Pieria
Seleucia in Pieria (Greek Σελεύκεια ἐν Πιερίᾳ), also known in English as Seleucia by the Sea, and later named Suedia, was a Hellenistic town, the seaport of Antioch ad Orontes (Syria Prima), the Seleucid capital, modern Antakya (Turkey).
See Khosrow I and Seleucia Pieria
Seven Great Houses of Iran
The Seven Great Houses of Iran, also known as the seven Parthian clans, were seven feudal aristocracies of Parthian origin, who were allied with the Sasanian court.
See Khosrow I and Seven Great Houses of Iran
Shahnameh
The Shahnameh (lit), also transliterated Shahnama, is a long epic poem written by the Persian poet Ferdowsi between and 1010 CE and is the national epic of Greater Iran.
Shapur I
Shapur I (also spelled Shabuhr I; Šābuhr) was the second Sasanian King of Kings of Iran. Khosrow I and Shapur I are city founders, people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars and Shahnameh characters.
Shapur II
Shapur II (𐭱𐭧𐭯𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭩, 309–379), also known as Shapur the Great, was the tenth Sasanian King of Kings (Shahanshah) of Iran. Khosrow I and Shapur II are city founders, people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars and Shahnameh characters.
Sharvavarman
Sharvavarman (Brahmi script: 𑀰𑀭𑁆𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀯𑀭𑁆𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸, Gupta script: Śa-rvva-va-rmmā, complete form: Śarvavarman Indra Bhattarika) was the Maukhari ruler of the Kingdom of Kannauj from 560 to 575 CE.
See Khosrow I and Sharvavarman
Siege of Dara (573)
The siege of Dara was raised by the Sasanian king Khosrow I in 573 during the Byzantine–Sasanian War of 572–591.
See Khosrow I and Siege of Dara (573)
Siege of Edessa (544)
The siege of Edessa (then known as Justinopolis) occurred in 544 AD during an invasion of the Byzantine Empire ruled by Justinian I by the Sasanian Empire under Khosrow I in the midst of the ongoing Lazic War in the north.
See Khosrow I and Siege of Edessa (544)
Siege of Martyropolis (531)
A siege of Martyropolis occurred in the Autumn of 531 during the Iberian War between the Sasanian Empire under Kavadh I and the Byzantine Empire under Justinian I. A Roman raid from Martyropolis triggered the Sasanians to launch a siege on the newly fortified frontier city.
See Khosrow I and Siege of Martyropolis (531)
Siege of Petra (541)
The siege of Petra took place in 541 when the Sasanian Empire, under King of Kings Khosrow I, besieged the town of Petra in Lazica, held by the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire. Khosrow I and siege of Petra (541) are Lazic War.
See Khosrow I and Siege of Petra (541)
Siege of Sisauranon (541)
The siege of Sisauranon took place in 541 between Byzantine forces under Belisarius and the Sassanian garrison of the Sisauranon fortress under Bleschames.
See Khosrow I and Siege of Sisauranon (541)
Silk Road
The Silk Road was a network of Eurasian trade routes active from the second century BCE until the mid-15th century.
Silvan, Diyarbakır
Silvan (Farqîn; translit, translit) is a municipality and district of Diyarbakır Province, Turkey.
See Khosrow I and Silvan, Diyarbakır
Siunia dynasty
The Siuni or Siwni dynasty was an ancient Armenian princely dynasty which ruled the province of Siwnikʻ, with which the dynasty shared its name.
See Khosrow I and Siunia dynasty
Siyawush
Siyawush (also spelled Siyavash), known in Byzantine sources as Seoses (Σεόσης), was an Iranian officer, who served as the head of the Sasanian army (arteshtaran-salar) during the second reign of the Sasanian king (shah) Kavad I. Khosrow I and Siyawush are people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars.
Spahan (province)
Spahan, also known as Parthau was a Sasanian province in Late Antiquity, that lay within central Iran, almost corresponding to the present-day Isfahan Province in Iran.
See Khosrow I and Spahan (province)
Spahbed
Spāhbad (also spelled spahbod) is a Middle Persian title meaning "army chief" used chiefly in the Sasanian Empire.
Strata Diocletiana
The Strata Diocletiana (Latin for "Road of Diocletian") was a fortified road that ran along the eastern desert border, the limes Arabicus, of the Roman Empire.
See Khosrow I and Strata Diocletiana
Sura, Syria
Sura (Suriya), was an ancient city on the Euphrates River in northern Syria, today on a site 25 km west of Raqqa and 35 km north of Resafa.
Syria (region)
Syria (Hieroglyphic Luwian: Sura/i; Συρία; ܣܘܪܝܐ) or Sham (Ash-Shām) is a historical region located east of the Mediterranean Sea in West Asia, broadly synonymous with the Levant.
See Khosrow I and Syria (region)
Syriac language
The Syriac language (Leššānā Suryāyā), also known natively in its spoken form in early Syriac literature as Edessan (Urhāyā), the Mesopotamian language (Nahrāyā) and Aramaic (Aramāyā), is an Eastern Middle Aramaic dialect. Classical Syriac is the academic term used to refer to the dialect's literary usage and standardization, distinguishing it from other Aramaic dialects also known as 'Syriac' or 'Syrian'.
See Khosrow I and Syriac language
Tamkhosrow
Tamkhosrau or Tamkhusro ("strong Khosrau", in Greek sources rendered as Ταμχοσρώ or Ταμχοσρόης, Tamchosroes), was a Sassanid Persian general active in the Roman–Persian Wars of the late 6th century. Khosrow I and Tamkhosrow are people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars.
Taq Kasra
Tāq Kasrā (translit), also transcribed as Taq-i Kisra or Taq-e Kesra (طاق کسری, romanized: tâğe kasrâ) or Ayvān-e Kesrā (translit, meaning Iwan of Khosrow) are the remains of a Sasanian-era Persian monument, dated to c. the 3rd to 6th centuries, which is sometimes called the Arch of Ctesiphon.
Taron (historic Armenia)
Taron (Տարօն; Western Armenian pronunciation: Daron; Ταρών, Tarōn; Taraunitis) was a canton of the Turuberan province of Greater Armenia, roughly corresponding to the Muş Province of modern Turkey.
See Khosrow I and Taron (historic Armenia)
Theodor Nöldeke
Theodor Nöldeke (born 2 March 1836 – 25 December 1930) was a German orientalist and scholar, originally a student of Heinrich Ewald.
See Khosrow I and Theodor Nöldeke
Tiberius II Constantine
Tiberius II Constantine (Tiberius Cōnstantīnus; Tibérios Kōnstantĩnos; died 14 August 582) was Eastern Roman emperor from 574 to 582. Khosrow I and Tiberius II Constantine are people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars.
See Khosrow I and Tiberius II Constantine
Tigris
The Tigris (see below) is the eastern of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia, the other being the Euphrates.
Touraj Daryaee
Touraj Daryaee (تورج دریایی; born 1967) is an Iranian Iranologist and historian.
See Khosrow I and Touraj Daryaee
Turkic peoples
The Turkic peoples are a collection of diverse ethnic groups of West, Central, East, and North Asia as well as parts of Europe, who speak Turkic languages.
See Khosrow I and Turkic peoples
Vendidad
The Vendidad /ˈvendi'dæd/ or Videvdat or Videvdad is a collection of texts within the greater compendium of the Avesta.
Viranşehir
Viranşehir (Wêranşar) is a municipality and district of Şanlıurfa Province, Turkey.
Vitiges
Vitiges (also known as Vitigis, Witiges or Wittigis) (died 542) was king of Ostrogothic Italy from 536 to 540.
Vizier
A vizier (wazīr; vazīr) is a high-ranking political advisor or minister in the Near East.
Wahrez
Wahrez (born Boe or Bōē) was a Sasanian general of Daylamite origin, first mentioned in the prelude to the Iberian War and then during the Aksumite–Persian wars. Khosrow I and Wahrez are Abyssinian–Persian wars.
Weh Antiok Khosrow
Wēh Antīōk Khosrow (Middle Persian: wyḥ ʾntywk ḥwslwd; "Khosrow's Better Antioch", literally, "better than Antioch, Khosrow built this"),Beate Dignas, Engelbert Winter: Rome and Persia in Late Antiquity.
See Khosrow I and Weh Antiok Khosrow
Western Roman Empire
In modern historiography, the Western Roman Empire was the western provinces of the Roman Empire, collectively, during any period in which they were administered separately from the eastern provinces by a separate, independent imperial court.
See Khosrow I and Western Roman Empire
Xerxes (Sasanian prince)
Xerxes was a 6th-century Sassanid Persian prince who distinguished himself in war against the Byzantine Empire. Khosrow I and Xerxes (Sasanian prince) are people of the Roman–Sasanian Wars.
See Khosrow I and Xerxes (Sasanian prince)
Yasht
The Yashts are a collection of twenty-one hymns in the Younger Avestan language.
Yemen
Yemen (al-Yaman), officially the Republic of Yemen, is a sovereign state in West Asia.
Zacharias Rhetor
Zacharias of Mytilene (Ζαχαρίας ό Μιτυληναίος; c. 465, Gaza – after 536), also known as Zacharias Scholasticus or Zacharias Rhetor, was a bishop and ecclesiastical historian.
See Khosrow I and Zacharias Rhetor
Zend
Zend or Zand (𐭦𐭭𐭣) is a Zoroastrian technical term for exegetical glosses, paraphrases, commentaries and translations of the Avesta's texts.
Zoroastrianism
Zoroastrianism (Din-e Zartoshti), also known as Mazdayasna and Behdin, is an Iranian religion.
See Khosrow I and Zoroastrianism
See also
501 births
- Ichadon
- Imru' al-Qais
- Khosrow I
- Lou Zhaojun
- Xiao Tong
579 deaths
- Bruidge mac Nath Í
- Durvinita
- Jinji of Silla
- Khosrow I
- Pope Benedict I
- Quinidius
- Theodric of Bernicia
- Vimin
6th-century Sasanian monarchs
- Bahram Chobin
- Hormizd IV
- Kavad I
- Khosrow I
- Khosrow II
- Vistahm
Abyssinian–Persian wars
- Aksumite–Persian wars
- Battle of Hadhramaut
- Khosrow I
- Masruq ibn Abraha
- Saif ibn Dhi Yazan
- Sasanian reconquest of Yemen
- Siege of Sanaa (570)
- Wahrez
Law reform
- APNEL
- Codification (law)
- Codification of law
- Commonwealth Association of Law Reform Agencies
- Constitutional amendments
- Democratization
- Deregulation
- Drug policy reform
- Electoral reform
- Jennifer Woolard
- Josephine Clara Goldmark
- Khosrow I
- Land reform
- Law Reform and Development Commission
- Law commission
- Law reform
- Liberalization
- MyDemocracy.ca
- Perestroika
- Security sector governance and reform
- Tax reform
- Tort reform
Lazic War
- Angilas
- Bessas (magister militum)
- Bouzes
- Dagisthaeus
- Domnentiolus
- Elmingir
- Fariburz
- Fifty-Year Peace Treaty
- Gubazes II of Lazica
- Izadgushasp
- John Tzibus
- Justin (consul 540)
- Justinian I
- Khosrow I
- Lazic War
- Martin (magister militum per Armeniam)
- Mihr-Mihroe
- Mihr-Mihroe's campaign of 554
- Nabedes
- Nachoragan
- Onoguris
- Peter the Patrician
- Siege of Onoguris
- Siege of Petra (541)
- Siege of Petra (549)
- Siege of Petra (550–551)
- Siege of Phasis
- Tsebelda fortress
Military reforms
- 2008 French White Paper on Defence and National Security
- 2008 Russian military reform
- 2013 French White Paper on Defence and National Security
- Babak (Sasanian officer)
- Byzantine army (Komnenian era)
- Cardwell Reforms
- Childers Reforms
- Defence Reform Act 2014
- Florentine military reforms
- Forces Goal 2030
- Fortification Upgrades
- Goldwater–Nichols Act
- Haldane Reforms
- Khosrow I
- Marian reforms
- Military budget of Russia
- Military reforms resulting from the Yên Bái mutiny
- Military-civil fusion
- Modernization of the People's Liberation Army
- National Security Act of 1947
- Options for Change
- Ottoman military reforms
- Reorganization plan of United States Army
- Soldiers for the Truth Foundation
- Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907
People from Ardestan
- Ali-Reza Asgari
- Khosrow I
- Mahvash Sabet
Reformers
- Abdesalam Bennuna
- Babak (Sasanian officer)
- Dmitry Milyutin
- Frances Griscom Parsons
- Gaius Cornelius (tribune 67 BC)
- Gaius Gracchus
- Gerhoh of Reichersberg
- Jerman Lepcha
- Josephine Clara Goldmark
- Khosrow I
- Mikhail Gorbachev
- Robert van Voren
- Roger Pryke
- Theophilus of Corte
- Alberto Enríquez Gallo
- Arthur Samuel Kendall
- Asbjørn Kloster
- Astrid Blume
- Ayyathan Gopalan
- Brotherhood economics
- Edith Clarke (anthropologist)
- Elisabet Eurén
- Elise Plasky
- Frans Peter von Knorring
- Gaius Gracchus
- Gerda Marcus
- Henriette Willemina Crommelin
- Horatio Clarence Hocken
- Indian social reformers
- James Haughton (reformer)
- Joséphine Nyssens Keelhoff
- Joseph Cafasso
- Karl Freiherr von Vogelsang
- Karl Kummer (politician)
- Khosrow I
- Leonardo Murialdo
- Lydia von Wolfring
- Maixux Rekalde
- Margaret Byers
- Margaret Polson Murray
- Mary Cranston Mason
- Namık Kemal
- Peter Lesgaft
- Rosa Mary Barrett
- Rutherford Waddell
- Sarah Galt Elwood McKee
- Shukraraj Shastri
- Shyam Manav
- Suffragists
- Tiberius Gracchus
- Torsten Rudenschöld
- Vasily Sleptsov
Tax reform
- Étienne de Silhouette
- 2006 Puerto Rico budget crisis
- Association for the Taxation of Financial Transactions and for Citizens' Action
- British Columbia carbon tax
- Equity of condition
- Georgism
- Goods and Services Tax (Malaysia)
- Hall–Rabushka flat tax
- Henry Tax Review
- Implied level of government service
- Imputed income
- Joseph A. Pechman
- Khosrow I
- Kleinwachter's conundrum
- Land Tax Reform (Japan 1873)
- Laura Coryton
- Mirrlees Review
- Negative income tax
- Open letter to Gorbachev
- Prosper Australia
- Quebec carbon tax
- Rational economic exchange
- Resource rent tax
- Single tax
- Social VAT
- Spanish tax reform of 1845
- Tax reform
- Tax shift
- Unitax
- Value capture
- Vehicle miles traveled tax
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khosrow_I
Also known as Anooshiravan, Anooshiravan the Just, Anoshiravan, Anoshirvan, Anoushiravan, Anoushiravan dadgar, Anushiravan, Anushiravan the Just, Anushirawan the Just, Anushirvan the Just, Anushirwan the Just, Chosroes I, Chosroes Nushirvan, Chroses I, Khosnow I, Khosrau Anosharwan, Khosrau Anushirvan, Khosrau Anushirwan, Khosrau I, Khosrau I of Persia, Khosraw I, Khosro I, Khosrow Anushirvan, Khosrow I of Persia, Khosru I, Khusrau I, Khusraw Anushirvan, Khusraw I, Khusraw I Nûshîrwân, Khusro I, Khusrow I, Nausherwan, Nushirvan, Xusro I.
, Centralized government, Chaghaniyan, Chess, Chihor-Vishnasp, Chovgan, Chronicle of Seert, Church of the East, Circesium, Communism, Constantia (Osrhoene), Constantinople, Ctesiphon, Dara (Mesopotamia), Date palm, Dehqan, Denkard, Dvin (ancient city), Edessa, Encyclopædia Iranica, Ethiopia, Faghanish, Far East, Fariburz, Ferdowsi, Feudalism, Fifty-Year Peace Treaty, Fire temple, First Turkic Khaganate, Fortifications of Derbent, Gallows, Gandhara, Göktürks, Germanus (cousin of Justinian I), Ghassanids, Golon Mihran, Great Wall of China, Great Wall of Gorgan, Greek language, Gregory the Commander, Gubazes II of Lazica, Gundeshapur, Hadrian's Wall, Halabiye, Hephthalites, Herbad, Hermogenes (magister officiorum), Himyarite Kingdom, Hippodrome, History of the Prophets and Kings, Hormizd IV, House of Ispahbudhan, House of Karen, House of Mihran, House of Spandiyadh, House of Suren, Huns, Hyrcania, Iberian War, Iran, Iranian peoples, Islam, Istämi, Italian Peninsula, Italy, Izadgushasp, Jesus, Jews, John of Ephesus, Julius Caesar, Justin I, Justin II, Justinian I, Kannauj, Kavad I, Kawus, Kay Bahman, Kay Khosrow, Kayanian dynasty, Khagan, Khazars, Khosrow II, Khwaday-Namag, King of Kings, Kingdom of Aksum, Kingdom of Iberia, Lakhmid kingdom, Lazic War, Lazica, List of monarchs of the Sasanian Empire, Magi, Mamikonian, Manbij, Manichaeism, Matthew Canepa, Maukhari dynasty, Maurice (emperor), Mazdak, Mazdakism, Mediterranean Sea, Menander Protector, Mesopotamia, Mesopotamia (Roman province), Middle Persian, Mihransitad, Miskawayh, Nahrawan Canal, New Persian, North Africa, Northern England, Nusaybin, Olive, Ostrogoths, Padishkhwargar, Palmyra, Parasang, Patriarch of the Church of the East, Paul the Persian, Paytakaran, Peroz I, Perpetual Peace (532), Persian Gulf, Petra, Lazica, Philosopher king, Platonism, Polo, Procopius, Public bathing, Quaestor sacri palatii, Quintal, Ras al-Ayn, Red Sea, Roderich von Erckert, Roman Empire, Roman Syria, Roman–Persian Wars, Routledge, Rufinus (Byzantine official), Sabir people, Sanskrit, Sarir, Sasanian coinage, Sasanian defense lines, Sasanian dynasty, Sasanian Empire, Seleucia Pieria, Seven Great Houses of Iran, Shahnameh, Shapur I, Shapur II, Sharvavarman, Siege of Dara (573), Siege of Edessa (544), Siege of Martyropolis (531), Siege of Petra (541), Siege of Sisauranon (541), Silk Road, Silvan, Diyarbakır, Siunia dynasty, Siyawush, Spahan (province), Spahbed, Strata Diocletiana, Sura, Syria, Syria (region), Syriac language, Tamkhosrow, Taq Kasra, Taron (historic Armenia), Theodor Nöldeke, Tiberius II Constantine, Tigris, Touraj Daryaee, Turkic peoples, Vendidad, Viranşehir, Vitiges, Vizier, Wahrez, Weh Antiok Khosrow, Western Roman Empire, Xerxes (Sasanian prince), Yasht, Yemen, Zacharias Rhetor, Zend, Zoroastrianism.